entry_point.py

""" Defines helper functions for creating kernel entry points and process
launchers.
"""

# Standard library imports.
import atexit
import json
import os
import socket
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import sys
import tempfile

# System library imports

# IPython imports
from IPython.utils.localinterfaces import LOCALHOST
from IPython.utils.py3compat import bytes_to_str

# Local imports.
from parentpoller import ParentPollerWindows

def write_connection_file(fname=None, shell_port=0, iopub_port=0, stdin_port=0, hb_port=0,
                         ip=LOCALHOST, key=b''):
    """Generates a JSON config file, including the selection of random ports.
    
    Parameters
    ----------

    fname : unicode
        The path to the file to write

    shell_port : int, optional
        The port to use for ROUTER channel.

    iopub_port : int, optional
        The port to use for the SUB channel.

    stdin_port : int, optional
        The port to use for the REQ (raw input) channel.

    hb_port : int, optional
        The port to use for the hearbeat REP channel.

    ip  : str, optional
        The ip address the kernel will bind to.

    key : str, optional
        The Session key used for HMAC authentication.

    """
    # default to temporary connector file
    if not fname:
        fname = tempfile.mktemp('.json')
    
    # Find open ports as necessary.
    ports = []
    ports_needed = int(shell_port <= 0) + int(iopub_port <= 0) + \
                   int(stdin_port <= 0) + int(hb_port <= 0)
    for i in xrange(ports_needed):
        sock = socket.socket()
        sock.bind(('', 0))
        ports.append(sock)
    for i, sock in enumerate(ports):
        port = sock.getsockname()[1]
        sock.close()
        ports[i] = port
    if shell_port <= 0:
        shell_port = ports.pop(0)
    if iopub_port <= 0:
        iopub_port = ports.pop(0)
    if stdin_port <= 0:
        stdin_port = ports.pop(0)
    if hb_port <= 0:
        hb_port = ports.pop(0)
    
    cfg = dict( shell_port=shell_port,
                iopub_port=iopub_port,
                stdin_port=stdin_port,
                hb_port=hb_port,
              )
    cfg['ip'] = ip
    cfg['key'] = bytes_to_str(key)
    
    with open(fname, 'w') as f:
        f.write(json.dumps(cfg, indent=2))
    
    return fname, cfg
    

def base_launch_kernel(code, fname, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
                        executable=None, independent=False, extra_arguments=[],
                        cwd=None):
    """ Launches a localhost kernel, binding to the specified ports.

    Parameters
    ----------
    code : str,
        A string of Python code that imports and executes a kernel entry point.

    stdin, stdout, stderr : optional (default None)
        Standards streams, as defined in subprocess.Popen.

    fname : unicode, optional
        The JSON connector file, containing ip/port/hmac key information.

    key : str, optional
        The Session key used for HMAC authentication.

    executable : str, optional (default sys.executable)
        The Python executable to use for the kernel process.

    independent : bool, optional (default False)
        If set, the kernel process is guaranteed to survive if this process
        dies. If not set, an effort is made to ensure that the kernel is killed
        when this process dies. Note that in this case it is still good practice
        to kill kernels manually before exiting.

    extra_arguments : list, optional
        A list of extra arguments to pass when executing the launch code.
    
    cwd : path, optional
        The working dir of the kernel process (default: cwd of this process).

    Returns
    -------
    A tuple of form:
        (kernel_process, shell_port, iopub_port, stdin_port, hb_port)
    where kernel_process is a Popen object and the ports are integers.
    """
    
    # Build the kernel launch command.
    if executable is None:
        executable = sys.executable
    arguments = [ executable, '-c', code, '-f', fname ]
    arguments.extend(extra_arguments)

    # Popen will fail (sometimes with a deadlock) if stdin, stdout, and stderr
    # are invalid. Unfortunately, there is in general no way to detect whether
    # they are valid.  The following two blocks redirect them to (temporary)
    # pipes in certain important cases.

    # If this process has been backgrounded, our stdin is invalid. Since there
    # is no compelling reason for the kernel to inherit our stdin anyway, we'll
    # place this one safe and always redirect.
    redirect_in = True
    _stdin = PIPE if stdin is None else stdin

    # If this process in running on pythonw, we know that stdin, stdout, and
    # stderr are all invalid.
    redirect_out = sys.executable.endswith('pythonw.exe')
    if redirect_out:
        _stdout = PIPE if stdout is None else stdout
        _stderr = PIPE if stderr is None else stderr
    else:
        _stdout, _stderr = stdout, stderr

    # Spawn a kernel.
    if sys.platform == 'win32':
        # Create a Win32 event for interrupting the kernel.
        interrupt_event = ParentPollerWindows.create_interrupt_event()
        arguments += [ '--interrupt=%i'%interrupt_event ]

        # If the kernel is running on pythonw and stdout/stderr are not been
        # re-directed, it will crash when more than 4KB of data is written to
        # stdout or stderr. This is a bug that has been with Python for a very
        # long time; see http://bugs.python.org/issue706263.
        # A cleaner solution to this problem would be to pass os.devnull to
        # Popen directly. Unfortunately, that does not work.
        if executable.endswith('pythonw.exe'):
            if stdout is None:
                arguments.append('--no-stdout')
            if stderr is None:
                arguments.append('--no-stderr')

        # Launch the kernel process.
        if independent:
            proc = Popen(arguments,
                         creationflags=512, # CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
                         stdin=_stdin, stdout=_stdout, stderr=_stderr)
        else:
            from _subprocess import DuplicateHandle, GetCurrentProcess, \
                DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS
            pid = GetCurrentProcess()
            handle = DuplicateHandle(pid, pid, pid, 0,
                                     True, # Inheritable by new processes.
                                     DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)
            proc = Popen(arguments + ['--parent=%i'%int(handle)],
                         stdin=_stdin, stdout=_stdout, stderr=_stderr)

        # Attach the interrupt event to the Popen objet so it can be used later.
        proc.win32_interrupt_event = interrupt_event

    else:
        if independent:
            proc = Popen(arguments, preexec_fn=lambda: os.setsid(),
                         stdin=_stdin, stdout=_stdout, stderr=_stderr, cwd=cwd)
        else:
            proc = Popen(arguments + ['--parent=1'],
                         stdin=_stdin, stdout=_stdout, stderr=_stderr, cwd=cwd)

    # Clean up pipes created to work around Popen bug.
    if redirect_in:
        if stdin is None:
            proc.stdin.close()
    if redirect_out:
        if stdout is None:
            proc.stdout.close()
        if stderr is None:
            proc.stderr.close()

    return proc