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Ideal.mo
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Ideal.mo
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within Modelica.Electrical.Analog;
package Ideal
"Ideal electrical elements such as switches, diode, transformer, operational amplifier"
extends Modelica.Icons.Package;
model IdealDiode "Ideal diode"
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor;
equation
off = s < 0;
annotation (defaultComponentName="diode",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
This is an ideal diode, for details see partial model <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor\">IdealSemiconductor</a><br>
The diode is conducting if voltage > Vknee.<br>
The diode is locking if current < Vknee*Goff.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em>February 7, 2016 </em>
by Anton Haumer<br> extending from partial IdealSemiconductor<br>
</li>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em>Mai 7, 2004 </em>
by Christoph Clauss and Anton Haumer<br> Vknee added<br>
</li>
<li><em>some years ago </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> realized<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"));
end IdealDiode;
model IdealThyristor "Ideal thyristor"
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor;
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInput fire annotation (Placement(
transformation(
origin={100,120},
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270), iconTransformation(
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270,
origin={100,120})));
equation
off = s < 0 or pre(off) and not fire;
annotation (defaultComponentName="thyristor",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
This is an ideal thyristor, for details see partial model <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor\">IdealSemiconductor</a><br>
The thyristor is conducting if voltage > Vknee AND fire = true.<br>
If fire gets false, the current has to fall below Vknee*Goff, then the thyristor gets locking.</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em>February 7, 2016 </em>
by Anton Haumer<br> extending from partial IdealSemiconductor<br>
</li>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em>Mai 7, 2004 </em>
by Christoph Clauss and Anton Haumer<br> Vknee added<br>
</li>
<li><em>some years ago </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> realized<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(
visible=useHeatPort,
points={{0,-100},{0,-20}},
color={127,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dot),
Line(points={{30,20},{60,50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
points={{100,100},{100,90},{60,50}},
color={255,0,255},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash)}),
Diagram(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{
100,100}}), graphics={
Line(
points={{20,10},{70,40}},
thickness=0.5)}));
end IdealThyristor;
model IdealGTOThyristor "Ideal GTO thyristor"
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor;
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInput fire annotation (Placement(
transformation(
origin={100,120},
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270), iconTransformation(
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270,
origin={100,120})));
equation
off = s < 0 or not fire;
annotation (defaultComponentName="gto",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
This is an ideal GTO thyristor or switching transistor, for details see partial model <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSemiconductor\">IdealSemiconductor</a><br>
The GTO thyristor is conducting if voltage > Vknee AND fire = true.<br>
Otherwise, the GTO thyristor is locking.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em>February 7, 2016 </em>
by Anton Haumer<br> extending from partial IdealSemiconductor<br>
</li>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em>Mai 7, 2004 </em>
by Christoph Clauss and Anton Haumer<br> Vknee added<br>
</li>
<li><em>some years ago </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> realized<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=false, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(points={{48,52},{64,36}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
visible=useHeatPort,
points={{0,-100},{0,-20}},
color={127,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dot),
Polygon(
points={{42,45},{42,38},{49,38},{42,45}},
lineColor={0,0,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
fillColor={0,0,255}),
Polygon(
points={{46,33},{53,33},{53,26},{46,33}},
lineColor={0,0,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
fillColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{30,10},{60,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{30,26},{52,48}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
points={{100,100},{100,88},{62,50}},
color={255,0,255},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash),
Line(
points={{58,44}},
color={255,0,255},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash),
Line(points={{62,50},{56,44}}, color={0,0,255})}),
Diagram(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{
100,100}}), graphics={
Line(
points={{20,10},{70,40}},
thickness=0.5)}));
end IdealGTOThyristor;
model IdealTwoWaySwitch "Ideal two-way switch"
parameter SI.Resistance Ron(final min=0) = 1e-5 "Closed switch resistance";
parameter SI.Conductance Goff(final min=0) = 1e-5
"Opened switch conductance";
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.ConditionalHeatPort(final T=
293.15);
Interfaces.PositivePin p annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,
-10},{-90,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,
-10},{110,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInput control
"true => p--n2 connected, false => p--n1 connected" annotation (Placement(
transformation(
origin={0,120},
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270), iconTransformation(
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270,
origin={0,120})));
protected
Real s1(final unit="1");
Real s2(final unit="1") "Auxiliary variables";
constant SI.Voltage unitVoltage=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
constant SI.Current unitCurrent=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
equation
0 = p.i + n2.i + n1.i;
p.v - n1.v = (s1*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then 1 else Ron);
n1.i = -(s1*unitVoltage)*(if (control) then Goff else 1);
p.v - n2.v = (s2*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then Ron else 1);
n2.i = -(s2*unitVoltage)*(if (control) then 1 else Goff);
LossPower = p.i*p.v + n1.i*n1.v + n2.i*n2.v;
annotation (defaultComponentName="switch",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The two-way switch has a positive pin p and two negative pins n1 and n2.
The switching behaviour is controlled
by the input signal control. If control is true, the pin p is connected
with the negative pin n2. Otherwise, the pin p is connected to the negative pin n1.
</p>
<p>
In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened
switch has a (very low) conductance Goff
and the closed switch has a (very low) resistance Ron.
The limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance Ron of the
closed switch could be exactly zero and the conductance Goff of the
open switch could be also exactly zero. Note, there are circuits,
where a description with zero Ron or zero Goff is not possible.
<br><br>
<strong>Please note:</strong>
In case of useHeatPort=true the temperature dependence of the electrical
behavior is <strong>not</strong> modelled. The parameters are not temperature dependent.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Ellipse(extent={{-44,4},{-36,-4}}, lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-90,0},{-44,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-37,2},{40,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,40},{90,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
visible=useHeatPort,
points={{0,-100},{0,25}},
color={127,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dot),
Text(
extent={{-150,90},{150,50}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255})}));
end IdealTwoWaySwitch;
model IdealIntermediateSwitch "Ideal intermediate switch"
parameter SI.Resistance Ron(final min=0) = 1e-5 "Closed switch resistance";
parameter SI.Conductance Goff(final min=0) = 1e-5
"Opened switch conductance";
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.ConditionalHeatPort(final T=
293.15);
Interfaces.PositivePin p1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,30},{-90,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,30},{-90,50}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin p2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,-10},{-90,10}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,-10},{-90,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInput control
"true => p1--n2, p2--n1 connected, otherwise p1--n1, p2--n2 connected"
annotation (Placement(transformation(
origin={0,120},
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270), iconTransformation(
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270,
origin={0,120})));
protected
Real s1(final unit="1");
Real s2(final unit="1");
Real s3(final unit="1");
Real s4(final unit="1") "Auxiliary variables";
constant SI.Voltage unitVoltage=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
constant SI.Current unitCurrent=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
equation
p1.v - n1.v = (s1*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then 1 else Ron);
p2.v - n2.v = (s2*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then 1 else Ron);
p1.v - n2.v = (s3*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then Ron else 1);
p2.v - n1.v = (s4*unitCurrent)*(if (control) then Ron else 1);
p1.i = if control then s1*unitVoltage*Goff + s3*unitCurrent else s1*
unitCurrent + s3*unitVoltage*Goff;
p2.i = if control then s2*unitVoltage*Goff + s4*unitCurrent else s2*
unitCurrent + s4*unitVoltage*Goff;
n1.i = if control then -s1*unitVoltage*Goff - s4*unitCurrent else -s1*
unitCurrent - s4*unitVoltage*Goff;
n2.i = if control then -s2*unitVoltage*Goff - s3*unitCurrent else -s2*
unitCurrent - s3*unitVoltage*Goff;
LossPower = p1.i*p1.v + p2.i*p2.v + n1.i*n1.v + n2.i*n2.v;
annotation (defaultComponentName="switch",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>The intermediate switch has four switching contact pins p1, p2, n1, and n2. The switching behaviour is controlled by the input signal control. If control is true, the pin p1 is connected to the pin n2, and the pin p2 is connected to the pin n1. Otherwise,if control is false, the pin p1 is connected to n1, and the pin p2 is connected to n2.</p>
<p>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Electrical/Analog/IdealIntermediateSwitch1.png\"
alt=\"IdealIntermediateSwitch1.png\">
</p>
<p>In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened switch has a (very low) conductance Goff and the closed switch has a (very low) resistance Ron.</p>
<p>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Electrical/Analog/IdealIntermediateSwitch2.png\"
alt=\"IdealIntermediateSwitch2.png\">
</p>
<p>The limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance Ron of the closed switch could be exactly zero and the conductance Goff of the open switch could be also exactly zero. Note, there are circuits, where a description with zero Ron or zero Goff is not possible.</p>
<p><strong>Please note:</strong> In case of useHeatPort=true the temperature dependence of the electrical behavior is <strong>not </strong>modelled. The parameters are not temperature dependent.</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Text(
extent={{-150,90},{150,50}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}), Ellipse(extent={{-4,24},{4,16}}, lineColor=
{0,0,255}),Line(points={{-96,0},{-40,0}}, color={0,0,255}),Line(
points={{-96,40},{-40,40}}, color={0,0,255}),Line(points={{-40,0},{40,40}},
color={0,0,255}),Line(points={{-40,40},{40,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,40},{96,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,0},{96,0}}, color=
{0,0,255})}),
Diagram(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{
100,100}})));
end IdealIntermediateSwitch;
model ControlledIdealTwoWaySwitch "Controlled ideal two-way switch"
parameter SI.Voltage level=0.5 "Switch level";
parameter SI.Resistance Ron(final min=0) = 1e-5 "Closed switch resistance";
parameter SI.Conductance Goff(final min=0) = 1e-5
"Opened switch conductance";
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.ConditionalHeatPort(final T=
293.15);
Interfaces.PositivePin p annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,
-10},{-90,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,
-10},{110,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}})));
Interfaces.Pin control
"Control pin: if control.v > level p--n2 connected, otherwise p--n1 connected"
annotation (Placement(transformation(
origin={0,100},
extent={{-10,-10},{10,10}},
rotation=90)));
protected
Real s1(final unit="1");
Real s2(final unit="1") "Auxiliary variables";
constant SI.Voltage unitVoltage=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
constant SI.Current unitCurrent=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
equation
control.i = 0;
0 = p.i + n2.i + n1.i;
p.v - n1.v = (s1*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Ron);
n1.i = -(s1*unitVoltage)*(if (control.v > level) then Goff else 1);
p.v - n2.v = (s2*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then Ron else 1);
n2.i = -(s2*unitVoltage)*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Goff);
LossPower = p.i*p.v + n1.i*n1.v + n2.i*n2.v;
annotation (defaultComponentName="switch",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The two-way switch has a positive pin p and two negative pins n1 and n2.
The switching behaviour is controlled
by the control pin. If its voltage exceeds the value of the parameter level,
the pin p is connected with the negative pin n2. Otherwise, the pin p is
connected the negative pin n1.
</p>
<p>
In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened
switch has a (very low) conductance Goff
and the closed switch has a (very low) resistance Ron.
The limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance Ron of the
closed switch could be exactly zero and the conductance Goff of the
open switch could be also exactly zero. Note, there are circuits,
where a description with zero Ron or zero Goff is not possible.
<br><br>
<strong>Please note:</strong>
In case of useHeatPort=true the temperature dependence of the electrical
behavior is <strong>not</strong> modelled. The parameters are not temperature dependent.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Ellipse(extent={{-44,4},{-36,-4}}, lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-90,0},{-44,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-37,2},{40,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,40},{90,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
visible=useHeatPort,
points={{0,-99},{0,25}},
color={127,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dot),
Text(
extent={{-150,90},{150,50}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255})}));
end ControlledIdealTwoWaySwitch;
model ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch
"Controlled ideal intermediate switch"
parameter SI.Voltage level=0.5 "Switch level";
parameter SI.Resistance Ron(final min=0) = 1e-5 "Closed switch resistance";
parameter SI.Conductance Goff(final min=0) = 1e-5
"Opened switch conductance";
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.ConditionalHeatPort(final T=
293.15);
Interfaces.PositivePin p1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,30},{-90,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,30},{-90,50}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin p2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,
-10},{-90,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n1 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,30},{110,50}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n2 annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{90,
-10},{110,10}})));
Interfaces.Pin control "Control pin: if control.v > level p1--n2, p2--n1 connected,
otherwise p1--n1, p2--n2 connected" annotation (Placement(
transformation(
origin={0,100},
extent={{-10,-10},{10,10}},
rotation=90)));
protected
Real s1(final unit="1");
Real s2(final unit="1");
Real s3(final unit="1");
Real s4(final unit="1") "Auxiliary variables";
constant SI.Voltage unitVoltage=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
constant SI.Current unitCurrent=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
equation
control.i = 0;
p1.v - n1.v = (s1*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Ron);
p2.v - n2.v = (s2*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Ron);
p1.v - n2.v = (s3*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then Ron else 1);
p2.v - n1.v = (s4*unitCurrent)*(if (control.v > level) then Ron else 1);
p1.i = if control.v > level then s1*unitVoltage*Goff + s3*unitCurrent else
s1*unitCurrent + s3*unitVoltage*Goff;
p2.i = if control.v > level then s2*unitVoltage*Goff + s4*unitCurrent else
s2*unitCurrent + s4*unitVoltage*Goff;
n1.i = if control.v > level then -s1*unitVoltage*Goff - s4*unitCurrent
else -s1*unitCurrent - s4*unitVoltage*Goff;
n2.i = if control.v > level then -s2*unitVoltage*Goff - s3*unitCurrent
else -s2*unitCurrent - s3*unitVoltage*Goff;
LossPower = p1.i*p1.v + p2.i*p2.v + n1.i*n1.v + n2.i*n2.v;
annotation (defaultComponentName="switch",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>The intermediate switch has four switching contact pins p1, p2, n1, and n2. The switching behaviour is controlled by the control pin. If its voltage exceeds the value of the parameter level, the pin p1 is connected to pin n2, and the pin p2 is connected to the pin n1. Otherwise, the pin p1 is connected to the pin n1, and the pin p2 is connected to the pin n2.
</p>
<p>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Electrical/Analog/ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch1.png\"
alt=\"ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch1.png\">
</p>
<p>
In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened switch has a (very low) conductance Goff and the closed switch has a (very low) resistance Ron.
</p>
<p>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Electrical/Analog/ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch2.png\"
alt=\"ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch2.png\">
</p>
<p>
The limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance Ron of the closed switch could be exactly zero and the conductance Goff of the open switch could be also exactly zero. Note, there are circuits, where a description with zero Ron or zero Goff is not possible.</p>
<p><br><strong>Please note:</strong> In case of useHeatPort=true the temperature dependence of the electrical behavior is <strong>not </strong>modelled. The parameters are not temperature dependent.</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> March 11, 2009 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> conditional heat port added<br>
</li>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Ellipse(extent={{-4,24},{4,16}}, lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-90,0},{-40,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-90,40},{-40,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-40,0},{40,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-40,40},{40,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,40},{90,40}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
visible=useHeatPort,
points={{0,-100},{0,22}},
color={127,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dot),
Text(
extent={{-150,90},{150,50}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255})}));
end ControlledIdealIntermediateSwitch;
model IdealOpAmp "Ideal operational amplifier (norator-nullator pair)"
SI.Voltage v1 "Voltage drop over the left port";
SI.Voltage v2 "Voltage drop over the right port";
SI.Current i1 "Current flowing from pos. to neg. pin of the left port";
SI.Current i2 "Current flowing from pos. to neg. pin of the right port";
Interfaces.PositivePin p1 "Positive pin of the left port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n1 "Negative pin of the left port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin p2 "Positive pin of the right port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin n2 "Negative pin of the right port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(
origin={0,-100},
extent={{10,-10},{-10,10}},
rotation=270)));
equation
v1 = p1.v - n1.v;
v2 = p2.v - n2.v;
0 = p1.i + n1.i;
0 = p2.i + n2.i;
i1 = p1.i;
i2 = p2.i;
v1 = 0;
i1 = 0;
annotation (defaultComponentName="opAmp",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The ideal OpAmp is a two-port. The left port is fixed to <em>v1=0</em> and <em>i1=0</em>
(nullator). At the right port both any voltage <em>v2</em> and any current <em>i2</em>
are possible (norator).
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(points={{60,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,130},{150,90}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}),
Polygon(
points={{70,0},{-70,80},{-70,-80},{70,0}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{0,-40},{0,-100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,60},{-70,60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,-60},{-70,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{70,0},{100,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,50},{-40,50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,-50},{-40,-50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-50,-40},{-50,-60}}, color={0,0,255})}));
end IdealOpAmp;
model IdealOpAmp3Pin
"Ideal operational amplifier (norator-nullator pair), but 3 pins"
Interfaces.PositivePin in_p "Positive pin of the input port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin in_n "Negative pin of the input port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin out "Output pin" annotation (Placement(
transformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}}), iconTransformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}})));
equation
in_p.v = in_n.v;
in_p.i = 0;
in_n.i = 0;
annotation (defaultComponentName="opAmp",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The ideal OpAmp with three pins is of exactly the same behaviour as the ideal
OpAmp with four pins. Only the negative output pin is left out.
Both the input voltage and current are fixed to zero (nullator).
At the output pin both any voltage <em>v2</em> and any current <em>i2</em>
are possible.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> 2002 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(points={{60,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,130},{150,90}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}),
Polygon(
points={{70,0},{-70,80},{-70,-80},{70,0}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,60},{-70,60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,-60},{-70,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{70,0},{100,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,50},{-40,50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,-50},{-40,-50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-50,-40},{-50,-60}}, color={0,0,255})}));
end IdealOpAmp3Pin;
model IdealOpAmpLimited "Ideal operational amplifier with limitation"
Interfaces.PositivePin in_p "Positive pin of the input port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,-70},{-90,-50}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin in_n "Negative pin of the input port" annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin out "Output pin" annotation (Placement(
transformation(extent={{90,-10},{110,10}})));
Interfaces.PositivePin VMax "Positive output voltage limitation"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-10,90},{10,110}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-10,90},{10,110}})));
Interfaces.NegativePin VMin "Negative output voltage limitation"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-10,-110},{10,-90}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-10,-110},{10,-90}})));
SI.Voltage vin "input voltage";
protected
Real s(start=0, final unit="1") "Auxiliary variable";
constant SI.Voltage unitVoltage=1 annotation (HideResult=true);
equation
in_p.i = 0;
in_n.i = 0;
VMax.i = 0;
VMin.i = 0;
vin = in_p.v - in_n.v;
in_p.v - in_n.v = unitVoltage*smooth(0, (if s < -1 then s + 1 else if s > 1
then s - 1 else 0));
out.v = smooth(0, if s < -1 then VMin.v else if s > 1 then VMax.v else (
VMax.v - VMin.v)*s/2 + (VMax.v + VMin.v)/2);
annotation (defaultComponentName="opAmp",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The ideal OpAmp with limitation behaves like an ideal OpAmp without limitation,
if the output voltage is within the limits VMin and VMax. In this case
the input voltage vin = in_p.v - in_n.v is zero.
If the input voltage vin less than 0, the output voltage is out.v = VMin.
If the input voltage is vin larger than 0, the output voltage is out.v = VMax.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(points={{60,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Polygon(
points={{70,0},{-70,80},{-70,-80},{70,0}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,60},{-70,60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,-60},{-70,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,50},{-40,50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-50,-40},{-50,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,-50},{-40,-50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{70,0},{100,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-45,-10},{-10,-10},{-10,10},{20,10}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,150},{150,110}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{0,40},{0,100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{0,-100},{0,-40}}, color={0,0,255})}));
end IdealOpAmpLimited;
model IdealizedOpAmpLimited "Idealized operational amplifier with limitation"
parameter Real V0=15000.0 "No-load amplification";
parameter Boolean useSupply=false
"Use supply pins (otherwise constant supply)" annotation (Evaluate=true);
parameter SI.Voltage Vps=+15 "Positive supply voltage"
annotation (Dialog(enable=not useSupply));
parameter SI.Voltage Vns=-15 "Negative supply voltage"
annotation (Dialog(enable=not useSupply));
parameter Boolean strict=true "= true, if strict limits with noEvent(..)"
annotation (Evaluate=true, choices(checkBox=true), Dialog(tab="Advanced"));
parameter Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy homotopyType = Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.Linear "Simplified model for homotopy-based initialization"
annotation (Evaluate=true, Dialog(group="Initialization"));
SI.Voltage vps "Positive supply voltage";
SI.Voltage vns "Negative supply voltage";
SI.Voltage v_in=in_p.v - in_n.v "Input voltage difference";
SI.Voltage v_out=out.v "Output voltage to ground";
SI.Power p_in=in_p.v*in_p.i + in_n.v*in_n.i "Input power";
SI.Power p_out=out.v*out.i "Output power";
SI.Power p_s=-(p_in + p_out) "Supply power";
SI.Current i_s=p_s/(vps - vns) "Supply current";
Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.PositivePin in_p
"Positive pin of the input port" annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{-90,-70},{-110,-50}})));
Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.NegativePin in_n
"Negative pin of the input port" annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{-110,50},{-90,70}})));
Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.PositivePin out
"Pin of the output port" annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{
110,-10},{90,10}}), iconTransformation(extent={{110,-10},
{90,10}})));
//optional supply pins
Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.PositivePin s_p(final i=+i_s, final v=
vps) if useSupply "Optional positive supply pin" annotation (Placement(
transformation(extent={{10,90},{-10,110}})));
Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.NegativePin s_n(final i=-i_s, final v=
vns) if useSupply "Optional negative supply pin" annotation (Placement(
transformation(extent={{-10,-110},{10,-90}})));
protected
SI.Voltage simplifiedExpr "Simplified expression for homotopy-based initialization";
equation
if not useSupply then
vps = Vps;
vns = Vns;
end if;
in_p.i = 0;
in_n.i = 0;
simplifiedExpr = (if homotopyType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.Linear then V0*v_in
else if homotopyType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.UpperLimit then vps
else if homotopyType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.LowerLimit then vns
else 0);
if strict then
if homotopyType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.NoHomotopy then
v_out = smooth(0, noEvent(if V0*v_in>vps then vps else if V0*v_in<vns then vns else V0*v_in));
else
v_out = homotopy(actual = smooth(0, noEvent(if V0*v_in>vps then vps else if V0*v_in<vns then vns else V0*v_in)),
simplified=simplifiedExpr);
end if;
else
if homotopyType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.LimiterHomotopy.NoHomotopy then
v_out = smooth(0, if V0*v_in>vps then vps else if V0*v_in<vns then vns else V0*v_in);
else
v_out = homotopy(actual = smooth(0, if V0*v_in>vps then vps else if V0*v_in<vns then vns else V0*v_in),
simplified=simplifiedExpr);
end if;
end if;
annotation (defaultComponentName="opAmp",
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=false, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Line(points={{60,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,150},{150,110}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{60,0},{90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Polygon(
points={{70,0},{-70,80},{-70,-80},{70,0}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,60},{-70,60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-100,-60},{-70,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,50},{-40,50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-50,-40},{-50,-60}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-60,-50},{-40,-50}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{0,40},{0,100}}, color={0,0,255}, visible=useSupply),
Line(points={{0,-100},{0,-40}}, color={0,0,255}, visible=useSupply)}),
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>Idealized operational amplifier with saturation:</p>
<ul>
<li>Input currents are zero.</li>
<li>No-load amplification is high (but not infinite).</li>
<li>Output voltage is limited between positive and negative supply.</li>
</ul>
<p>Supply voltage is either defined by parameter Vps and Vns or by (optional) pins s_p and s_n.</p>
<p>In the first case the necessary power is drawn from an implicit internal supply, in the second case from the external supply.</p>
</html>"));
end IdealizedOpAmpLimited;
model IdealTransformer "Ideal transformer core with or without magnetization"
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.TwoPort;
parameter Real n(start=1) "Turns ratio primary:secondary voltage";
parameter Boolean considerMagnetization=false
"Choice of considering magnetization";
parameter SI.Inductance Lm1(start=1)
"Magnetization inductance w.r.t. primary side"
annotation (Dialog(enable=considerMagnetization));
protected
SI.Current im1 "Magnetization current w.r.t. primary side";
SI.MagneticFlux psim1 "Magnetic flux w.r.t. primary side";
equation
im1 = i1 + i2/n;
if considerMagnetization then
psim1 = Lm1*im1;
v1 = der(psim1);
else
psim1 = 0;
im1 = 0;
end if;
v1 = n*v2;
annotation (defaultComponentName="transformer",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The ideal transformer is a two-port circuit element;
in case of Boolean parameter <code>considerMagnetization = false</code> it is characterized by the following equations:
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
i2 = -i1*n;
v2 = v1/n;
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
where <code>n</code> is a real number called the turns ratio.
Due to this equations, also DC voltages and currents are transformed - which is not the case for technical transformers.
</p>
<p>
In case of Boolean parameter <code>considerMagnetization = true</code> it is characterized by the following equations:
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
im1 = i1 + i2/n \"Magnetizing current w.r.t. primary side\";
psim1= Lm1*im1 \"Magnetic flux w.r.t. primary side\";
v1 = der(psim1) \"Primary voltage\";
v2 = v1/n \"Secondary voltage\";
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
where <code>Lm</code> denotes the magnetizing inductance.
Due to this equations, the DC offset of secondary voltages and currents decrement according to the time constant defined by the connected circuit.
</p>
<p>
Taking primary <code>L1sigma</code> and secondary <code>L2ssigma</code> leakage inductances into account,
compared with the <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Basic.Transformer\">basic transformer</a>
the following parameter conversion can be applied (which leads to identical results):
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
L1 = L1sigma + M*n \"Primary inductance at secondary no-load\";
L2 = L2sigma + M/n \"Secondary inductance at primary no-load\";
M = Lm1/n \"Mutual inductance\";
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
For the backward conversion, one has to decide about the partitioning of the leakage to primary and secondary side.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em>June 3, 2009 </em>
magnetisation current added by Anton Haumer<br>
</li>
<li><em>1998 </em>
initially implemented by Christoph Clauss<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=false, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Text(extent={{-150,-110},{150,-150}},textString="n=%n"),
Text(
extent={{-100,20},{-60,-20}},
textColor={0,0,255},
textString="1"),
Text(
extent={{60,20},{100,-20}},
textColor={0,0,255},
textString="2"),
Text(
extent={{-150,150},{150,110}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-40,60},{-40,100},{-90,100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,60},{40,100},{90,100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-40,-60},{-40,-100},{-90,-100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{40,-60},{40,-100},{90,-100}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={-33,45},
rotation=270),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={-33,15},
rotation=270),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={-33,-15},
rotation=270),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={-33,-45},
rotation=270),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={33,45},
rotation=90),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={33,15},
rotation=90),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={33,-15},
rotation=90),
Line(
points={{-15,-7},{-14,-1},{-7,7},{7,7},{14,-1},{15,-7}},
color={0,0,255},
smooth=Smooth.Bezier,
origin={33,-45},
rotation=90)}));
end IdealTransformer;
model Idle "Idle branch"
extends Interfaces.OnePort;
equation
i = 0;
annotation (
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>The model Idle is a simple idle running branch. That means between both pins no current is running. This ideal device is of no influence on the circuit. Therefore, it can be neglected in each case. For purposes of completeness this component is part of the MSL, as an opposite of the short cut.</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Rectangle(
extent={{-80,80},{80,-80}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{-90,0},{-41,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{91,0},{40,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,130},{150,90}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255})}));
end Idle;
model Short "Short cut branch"
extends Interfaces.OnePort;
equation
v = 0;
annotation (
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>The model Short is a simple short cut branch. That means the voltage drop between both pins is zero. This device could be neglected if both pins are combined to one node. Besides connecting the nodes of both pins this device has no further function.</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>
<ul>
<li><em> 1998 </em>
by Christoph Clauss<br> initially implemented<br>
</li>
</ul>
</html>"),
Icon(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{100,
100}}), graphics={
Rectangle(
extent={{-80,80},{80,-80}},
fillColor={255,255,255},
fillPattern=FillPattern.Solid,
lineColor={0,0,255}),
Line(points={{91,0},{-90,0}}, color={0,0,255}),
Text(
extent={{-150,130},{150,90}},
textString="%name",
textColor={0,0,255})}),
Diagram(coordinateSystem(preserveAspectRatio=true, extent={{-100,-100},{
100,100}}), graphics={
Text(
extent={{-100,100},{100,70}},
textString="Short",
textColor={0,0,255})}));
end Short;
model IdealOpeningSwitch "Ideal electrical opener"
extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSwitch;
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInput control
"true => switch open, false => p--n connected" annotation (Placement(
transformation(
origin={0,120},
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270), iconTransformation(
extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},
rotation=270,
origin={0,120})));
equation
off = control;
annotation (defaultComponentName="switch",
Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The switching behaviour of the ideal opening switch is controlled by the input signal control: off = control.<br>
For further details, see partial model <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.IdealSwitch\">IdealSwitch</a>.
</p>
</html>", revisions="<html>