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kaggle20.py
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kaggle20.py
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import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("PS")
import numpy as np # linear algebra
import modin.pandas as pd # data processing, CSV file I/O (e.g. pd.read_csv)
import seaborn as sns # data visualization library
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time
data = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
data.head() # head method show only first 5 rows
col = data.columns
print(col)
y = data.diagnosis # M or B
list = ["Unnamed: 32", "id", "diagnosis"]
x = data.drop(list, axis=1)
x.head()
ax = sns.countplot(y, label="Count") # M = 212, B = 357
x.describe()
data_dia = y
data = x
data_n_2 = (data - data.mean()) / (data.std()) # standardization
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 0:10]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.violinplot(
x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data, split=True, inner="quart"
)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 10:20]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.violinplot(
x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data, split=True, inner="quart"
)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 20:31]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.violinplot(
x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data, split=True, inner="quart"
)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.boxplot(x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
sns.jointplot(
x.loc[:, "concavity_worst"],
x.loc[:, "concave points_worst"],
kind="regg",
color="#ce1414",
)
sns.set(style="white")
df = x.loc[:, ["radius_worst", "perimeter_worst", "area_worst"]]
g = sns.PairGrid(df, diag_sharey=False)
g.map_lower(sns.kdeplot, cmap="Blues_d")
g.map_upper(plt.scatter)
g.map_diag(sns.kdeplot, lw=3)
sns.set(style="whitegrid", palette="muted")
data_dia = y
data = x
data_n_2 = (data - data.mean()) / (data.std()) # standardization
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 0:10]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
tic = time.time()
sns.swarmplot(x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 10:20]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.swarmplot(x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
data = pd.concat([y, data_n_2.iloc[:, 20:31]], axis=1)
data = pd.melt(data, id_vars="diagnosis", var_name="features", value_name="value")
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.swarmplot(x="features", y="value", hue="diagnosis", data=data)
toc = time.time()
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
print("swarm plot time: ", toc - tic, " s")
f, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18, 18))
sns.heatmap(x.corr(), annot=True, linewidths=0.5, fmt=".1f", ax=ax)
drop_list1 = [
"perimeter_mean",
"radius_mean",
"compactness_mean",
"concave points_mean",
"radius_se",
"perimeter_se",
"radius_worst",
"perimeter_worst",
"compactness_worst",
"concave points_worst",
"compactness_se",
"concave points_se",
"texture_worst",
"area_worst",
]
x_1 = x.drop(drop_list1, axis=1) # do not modify x, we will use it later
x_1.head()
f, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 14))
sns.heatmap(x_1.corr(), annot=True, linewidths=0.5, fmt=".1f", ax=ax)
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix # f1_score
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
x_1, y, test_size=0.3, random_state=42
)
clf_rf = RandomForestClassifier(random_state=43)
clr_rf = clf_rf.fit(x_train, y_train)
ac = accuracy_score(y_test, clf_rf.predict(x_test))
print("Accuracy is: ", ac)
cm = confusion_matrix(y_test, clf_rf.predict(x_test))
sns.heatmap(cm, annot=True, fmt="d")
from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectKBest
from sklearn.feature_selection import chi2
select_feature = SelectKBest(chi2, k=5).fit(x_train, y_train)
print("Score list:", select_feature.scores_)
print("Feature list:", x_train.columns)
x_train_2 = select_feature.transform(x_train)
x_test_2 = select_feature.transform(x_test)
clf_rf_2 = RandomForestClassifier()
clr_rf_2 = clf_rf_2.fit(x_train_2, y_train)
ac_2 = accuracy_score(y_test, clf_rf_2.predict(x_test_2))
print("Accuracy is: ", ac_2)
cm_2 = confusion_matrix(y_test, clf_rf_2.predict(x_test_2))
sns.heatmap(cm_2, annot=True, fmt="d")
from sklearn.feature_selection import RFE
clf_rf_3 = RandomForestClassifier()
rfe = RFE(estimator=clf_rf_3, n_features_to_select=5, step=1)
rfe = rfe.fit(x_train, y_train)
print("Chosen best 5 feature by rfe:", x_train.columns[rfe.support_])
from sklearn.feature_selection import RFECV
clf_rf_4 = RandomForestClassifier()
rfecv = RFECV(
estimator=clf_rf_4, step=1, cv=5, scoring="accuracy"
) # 5-fold cross-validation
rfecv = rfecv.fit(x_train, y_train)
print("Optimal number of features :", rfecv.n_features_)
print("Best features :", x_train.columns[rfecv.support_])
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.figure()
plt.xlabel("Number of features selected")
plt.ylabel("Cross validation score of number of selected features")
plt.plot(range(1, len(rfecv.grid_scores_) + 1), rfecv.grid_scores_)
plt.show()
clf_rf_5 = RandomForestClassifier()
clr_rf_5 = clf_rf_5.fit(x_train, y_train)
importances = clr_rf_5.feature_importances_
std = np.std([tree.feature_importances_ for tree in clf_rf.estimators_], axis=0)
indices = np.argsort(importances)[::-1]
print("Feature ranking:")
for f in range(x_train.shape[1]):
print("%d. feature %d (%f)" % (f + 1, indices[f], importances[indices[f]]))
plt.figure(1, figsize=(14, 13))
plt.title("Feature importances")
plt.bar(
range(x_train.shape[1]),
importances[indices],
color="g",
yerr=std[indices],
align="center",
)
plt.xticks(range(x_train.shape[1]), x_train.columns[indices], rotation=90)
plt.xlim([-1, x_train.shape[1]])
plt.show()
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
x, y, test_size=0.3, random_state=42
)
x_train_N = (x_train - x_train.mean()) / (x_train.max() - x_train.min())
x_test_N = (x_test - x_test.mean()) / (x_test.max() - x_test.min())
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
pca = PCA()
pca.fit(x_train_N)
plt.figure(1, figsize=(14, 13))
plt.clf()
plt.axes([0.2, 0.2, 0.7, 0.7])
plt.plot(pca.explained_variance_ratio_, linewidth=2)
plt.axis("tight")
plt.xlabel("n_components")
plt.ylabel("explained_variance_ratio_")