externallib.php

<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.


/**
 * External user API
 *
 * @package    core_user
 * @category   external
 * @copyright  2009 Petr Skodak
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */

require_once("$CFG->libdir/externallib.php");

/**
 * User external functions
 *
 * @package    core_user
 * @category   external
 * @copyright  2011 Jerome Mouneyrac
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 * @since Moodle 2.2
 */
class core_user_external extends external_api {

    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function create_users_parameters() {
        global $CFG;

        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'users' => new external_multiple_structure(
                    new external_single_structure(
                        array(
                            'username'    => new external_value(PARAM_USERNAME, 'Username policy is defined in Moodle security config.'),
                            'password'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Plain text password consisting of any characters'),
                            'firstname'   => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The first name(s) of the user'),
                            'lastname'    => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The family name of the user'),
                            'email'       => new external_value(PARAM_EMAIL, 'A valid and unique email address'),
                            'auth'        => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Auth plugins include manual, ldap, imap, etc', VALUE_DEFAULT, 'manual', NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'idnumber'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'An arbitrary ID code number perhaps from the institution', VALUE_DEFAULT, ''),
                            'lang'        => new external_value(PARAM_SAFEDIR, 'Language code such as "en", must exist on server', VALUE_DEFAULT, $CFG->lang, NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'theme'       => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Theme name such as "standard", must exist on server', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'timezone'    => new external_value(PARAM_TIMEZONE, 'Timezone code such as Australia/Perth, or 99 for default', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'mailformat'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Mail format code is 0 for plain text, 1 for HTML etc', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'description' => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'User profile description, no HTML', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'city'        => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'Home city of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'country'     => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Home country code of the user, such as AU or CZ', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'preferences' => new external_multiple_structure(
                                new external_single_structure(
                                    array(
                                        'type'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The name of the preference'),
                                        'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the preference')
                                    )
                                ), 'User preferences', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'customfields' => new external_multiple_structure(
                                new external_single_structure(
                                    array(
                                        'type'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The name of the custom field'),
                                        'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the custom field')
                                    )
                                ), 'User custom fields (also known as user profil fields)', VALUE_OPTIONAL)
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Create one or more users
     *
     * @param array $users An array of users to create.
     * @return array An array of arrays
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function create_users($users) {
        global $CFG, $DB;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/lib/weblib.php");
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/user/lib.php");
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/user/profile/lib.php"); //required for customfields related function

        // Ensure the current user is allowed to run this function
        $context = context_system::instance();
        self::validate_context($context);
        require_capability('moodle/user:create', $context);

        // Do basic automatic PARAM checks on incoming data, using params description
        // If any problems are found then exceptions are thrown with helpful error messages
        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::create_users_parameters(), array('users'=>$users));

        $availableauths  = get_plugin_list('auth');
        unset($availableauths['mnet']);       // these would need mnethostid too
        unset($availableauths['webservice']); // we do not want new webservice users for now

        $availablethemes = get_plugin_list('theme');
        $availablelangs  = get_string_manager()->get_list_of_translations();

        $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();

        $userids = array();
        foreach ($params['users'] as $user) {
            // Make sure that the username doesn't already exist
            if ($DB->record_exists('user', array('username'=>$user['username'], 'mnethostid'=>$CFG->mnet_localhost_id))) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Username already exists: '.$user['username']);
            }

            // Make sure auth is valid
            if (empty($availableauths[$user['auth']])) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Invalid authentication type: '.$user['auth']);
            }

            // Make sure lang is valid
            if (empty($availablelangs[$user['lang']])) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Invalid language code: '.$user['lang']);
            }

            // Make sure lang is valid
            if (!empty($user['theme']) && empty($availablethemes[$user['theme']])) { //theme is VALUE_OPTIONAL,
                                                                                     // so no default value.
                                                                                     // We need to test if the client sent it
                                                                                     // => !empty($user['theme'])
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Invalid theme: '.$user['theme']);
            }

            $user['confirmed'] = true;
            $user['mnethostid'] = $CFG->mnet_localhost_id;

            // Start of user info validation.
            // Lets make sure we validate current user info as handled by current GUI. see user/editadvanced_form.php function validation()
            if (!validate_email($user['email'])) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Email address is invalid: '.$user['email']);
            } else if ($DB->record_exists('user', array('email'=>$user['email'], 'mnethostid'=>$user['mnethostid']))) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Email address already exists: '.$user['email']);
            }
            // End of user info validation.

            // create the user data now!
            $user['id'] = user_create_user($user);

            // custom fields
            if(!empty($user['customfields'])) {
                foreach($user['customfields'] as $customfield) {
                    $user["profile_field_".$customfield['type']] = $customfield['value']; //profile_save_data() saves profile file
                                                                                            //it's expecting a user with the correct id,
                                                                                            //and custom field to be named profile_field_"shortname"
                }
                profile_save_data((object) $user);
            }

            //preferences
            if (!empty($user['preferences'])) {
                foreach($user['preferences'] as $preference) {
                    set_user_preference($preference['type'], $preference['value'],$user['id']);
                }
            }

            $userids[] = array('id'=>$user['id'], 'username'=>$user['username']);
        }

        $transaction->allow_commit();

        return $userids;
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function create_users_returns() {
        return new external_multiple_structure(
            new external_single_structure(
                array(
                    'id'       => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'user id'),
                    'username' => new external_value(PARAM_USERNAME, 'user name'),
                )
            )
        );
    }


    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function delete_users_parameters() {
        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'userids' => new external_multiple_structure(new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'user ID')),
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Delete users
     *
     * @param array $userids
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function delete_users($userids) {
        global $CFG, $DB, $USER;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/user/lib.php");

        // Ensure the current user is allowed to run this function
        $context = context_system::instance();
        require_capability('moodle/user:delete', $context);
        self::validate_context($context);

        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::delete_users_parameters(), array('userids'=>$userids));

        $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();

        foreach ($params['userids'] as $userid) {
            $user = $DB->get_record('user', array('id'=>$userid, 'deleted'=>0), '*', MUST_EXIST);
            // must not allow deleting of admins or self!!!
            if (is_siteadmin($user)) {
                throw new moodle_exception('useradminodelete', 'error');
            }
            if ($USER->id == $user->id) {
                throw new moodle_exception('usernotdeletederror', 'error');
            }
            user_delete_user($user);
        }

        $transaction->allow_commit();

        return null;
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function delete_users_returns() {
        return null;
    }


    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function update_users_parameters() {
        global $CFG;
        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'users' => new external_multiple_structure(
                    new external_single_structure(
                        array(
                            'id'    => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'ID of the user'),
                            'username'    => new external_value(PARAM_USERNAME, 'Username policy is defined in Moodle security config.', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '',NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'password'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Plain text password consisting of any characters', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '',NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'firstname'   => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The first name(s) of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '',NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'lastname'    => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The family name of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'email'       => new external_value(PARAM_EMAIL, 'A valid and unique email address', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '',NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'auth'        => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Auth plugins include manual, ldap, imap, etc', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '', NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'idnumber'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'An arbitrary ID code number perhaps from the institution', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'lang'        => new external_value(PARAM_SAFEDIR, 'Language code such as "en", must exist on server', VALUE_OPTIONAL, '', NULL_NOT_ALLOWED),
                            'theme'       => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Theme name such as "standard", must exist on server', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'timezone'    => new external_value(PARAM_TIMEZONE, 'Timezone code such as Australia/Perth, or 99 for default', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'mailformat'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Mail format code is 0 for plain text, 1 for HTML etc', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'description' => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'User profile description, no HTML', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'city'        => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'Home city of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'country'     => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Home country code of the user, such as AU or CZ', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'customfields' => new external_multiple_structure(
                                new external_single_structure(
                                    array(
                                        'type'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The name of the custom field'),
                                        'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the custom field')
                                    )
                                ), 'User custom fields (also known as user profil fields)', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                            'preferences' => new external_multiple_structure(
                                new external_single_structure(
                                    array(
                                        'type'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The name of the preference'),
                                        'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the preference')
                                    )
                                ), 'User preferences', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Update users
     *
     * @param array $users
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function update_users($users) {
        global $CFG, $DB;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/user/lib.php");
        require_once($CFG->dirroot."/user/profile/lib.php"); //required for customfields related function

        // Ensure the current user is allowed to run this function
        $context = context_system::instance();
        require_capability('moodle/user:update', $context);
        self::validate_context($context);

        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::update_users_parameters(), array('users'=>$users));

        $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();

        foreach ($params['users'] as $user) {
            user_update_user($user);
            //update user custom fields
            if(!empty($user['customfields'])) {

                foreach($user['customfields'] as $customfield) {
                    $user["profile_field_".$customfield['type']] = $customfield['value']; //profile_save_data() saves profile file
                                                                                            //it's expecting a user with the correct id,
                                                                                            //and custom field to be named profile_field_"shortname"
                }
                profile_save_data((object) $user);
            }

            //preferences
            if (!empty($user['preferences'])) {
                foreach($user['preferences'] as $preference) {
                    set_user_preference($preference['type'], $preference['value'],$user['id']);
                }
            }
        }

        $transaction->allow_commit();

        return null;
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function update_users_returns() {
        return null;
    }

   /**
   * Returns description of method parameters
   *
   * @return external_function_parameters
   * @since Moodle 2.4
   */
    public static function get_users_by_field_parameters() {
        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'field' => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'the search field can be
                    \'id\' or \'idnumber\' or \'username\' or \'email\''),
                'values' => new external_multiple_structure(
                        new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'the value to match'))
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get user information for a unique field.
     *
     * @param string $field
     * @param array $values
     * @return array An array of arrays containg user profiles.
     * @since Moodle 2.4
     */
    public static function get_users_by_field($field, $values) {
        global $CFG, $USER, $DB;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . "/user/lib.php");

        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::get_users_by_field_parameters(),
                array('field' => $field, 'values' => $values));

        // This array will keep all the users that are allowed to be searched,
        // according to the current user's privileges.
        $cleanedvalues = array();

        switch ($field) {
            case 'id':
                $paramtype = PARAM_INT;
                break;
            case 'idnumber':
                $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
                break;
            case 'username':
                $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
                break;
            case 'email':
                $paramtype = PARAM_EMAIL;
                break;
            default:
                throw new coding_exception('invalid field parameter',
                        'The search field \'' . $field . '\' is not supported, look at the web service documentation');
        }

        // Clean the values
        foreach ($values as $value) {
            $cleanedvalue = clean_param($value, $paramtype);
            if ( $value != $cleanedvalue) {
                throw new invalid_parameter_exception('The field \'' . $field .
                        '\' value is invalid: ' . $value . '(cleaned value: '.$cleanedvalue.')');
            }
            $cleanedvalues[] = $cleanedvalue;
        }

        // Retrieve the users
        $users = $DB->get_records_list('user', $field, $cleanedvalues, 'id');

        // Finally retrieve each users information
        $returnedusers = array();
        foreach ($users as $user) {

            $userdetails = user_get_user_details_courses($user);

            // Return the user only if the searched field is returned
            // Otherwise it means that the $USER was not allowed to search the returned user
            if (!empty($userdetails) and !empty($userdetails[$field])) {
                $returnedusers[] = $userdetails;
            }
        }

        return $returnedusers;
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_multiple_structure
     * @since Moodle 2.4
     */
    public static function get_users_by_field_returns() {
        return new external_multiple_structure(core_user_external::user_description());
    }


    /**
     * Returns description of get_users() parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.4
     */
    public static function get_users_parameters() {
        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'criteria' => new external_multiple_structure(
                    new external_single_structure(
                        array(
                            'key'        => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'the user column to search, expected keys (value format) are:
                                                    "id" (int) matching user id,
                                                    "lastname" (string) user last name (Note: you can use % for searching but it can be slow!),
                                                    "firstname" (string) user first name (Note: you can use % for searching but it can be slow!),
                                                    "idnumber" (string) matching user idnumber,
                                                    "username" (string) matching user username,
                                                    "email" (string) user email (Note: you can use % for searching but it can be slow!),
                                                    "auth" (plugin) matching user auth plugin'),
                            'value'      => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'the value to search')
                        )
                    ), 'the key/value pairs to be considered in user search. Values can not be empty.
                        Specifiy different keys only once (fullname => \'user1\', auth => \'manual\', ...) -
                        key occurences are ignored, only the last occurence is considered.
                        The search is executed with AND operator on the criterias.'
                )
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve matching user
     *
     * @param string $field
     * @param array $values
     * @return array An array of arrays containg user profiles.
     * @since Moodle 2.4
     */
    public static function get_users($criteria = array()) {
        global $CFG, $USER, $DB;

        require_once($CFG->dirroot . "/user/lib.php");

        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::get_users_parameters(),
                array('criteria' => $criteria));

        // Validate the criteria and retrieve the users
        $cleanedvalues = array();
        $firstcriteria = true;
        $users = array();
        $warnings = array();
        $sql = '';
        $sqlparams = array();

        foreach ($params['criteria'] as $criteria) {

            // Clean the parameters
            $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
            switch ($criteria['key']) {
                case 'id':
                    $paramtype = PARAM_INT;
                    break;
                case 'idnumber':
                    $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
                    break;
                case 'username':
                    $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
                    break;
                case 'email':
                    // we use PARAM_RAW to allow searches with %
                    $paramtype = PARAM_RAW;
                    break;
                case 'auth':
                    $paramtype = PARAM_AUTH;
                    break;
                case 'lastname':
                case 'firstname':
                    $paramtype = PARAM_TEXT;
                    break;
                default:
                    // Send back a warning that this search key is not supported in this version
                    // This warning will make the function extandable without breaking clients
                    $warnings[] = array(
                        'item' => 'key',
                        'itemid' => $criteria['key'],
                        'warningcode' => 'invalidfieldparameter',
                        'message' => 'The search key \'' . $$criteria['key'] . '\' is not supported, look at the web service documentation'
                    );
            }
            $cleanedvalue = clean_param($criteria['value'], $paramtype);

            // If first criteria do not add AND to the query
            if ($firstcriteria) {
                $firstcriteria = false;
            } else {
                $sql .= ' AND ';
            }

            // Create the SQL
            switch ($criteria['key']) {
                case 'id':
                case 'idnumber':
                case 'username':
                case 'auth':
                    $sql .= $criteria['key'] . ' = :' . $criteria['key'];
                    $sqlparams[$criteria['key']] = $cleanedvalue;
                    break;
                case 'email':
                case 'lastname':
                case 'firstname':
                    $sql .= $DB->sql_like($criteria['key'], ':'.$criteria['key'], false);
                    $sqlparams[$criteria['key']] = $cleanedvalue;
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        $users = $DB->get_records_select('user', $sql, $sqlparams, 'id ASC');

        // Finally retrieve each users information
        $returnedusers = array();
        foreach ($users as $user) {

            $userdetails = user_get_user_details_courses($user);

            // Return the user only if all the searched fields are returned.
            // Otherwise it means that the $USER was not allowed to search the returned user.
            if (!empty($userdetails)) {
                $validuser = true;

                foreach($params['criteria'] as $criteria) {
                    if (empty($userdetails[$criteria['key']])) {
                        $validuser = false;
                    }
                }

                if ($validuser) {
                    $returnedusers[] = $userdetails;
                }
            }
        }

        return array('users' => $returnedusers, 'warnings' => $warnings);
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of get_users result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.3
     */
    public static function get_users_returns() {
        return new external_single_structure(
            array('users' => new external_multiple_structure(
                                core_user_external::user_description()
                             ),
                  'warnings' => new external_warnings()
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id_parameters() {
        return new external_function_parameters(
                array(
                    'userids' => new external_multiple_structure(new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'user ID')),
                )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get user information
     * - This function is matching the permissions of /user/profil.php
     * - It is also matching some permissions from /user/editadvanced.php for the following fields:
     *   auth, confirmed, idnumber, lang, theme, timezone, mailformat
     *
     * @param array $userids  array of user ids
     * @return array An array of arrays describing users
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id($userids) {
        global $CFG, $USER, $DB;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . "/user/lib.php");

        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::get_users_by_id_parameters(),
                array('userids'=>$userids));

        list($uselect, $ujoin) = context_instance_preload_sql('u.id', CONTEXT_USER, 'ctx');
        list($sqluserids, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($userids);
        $usersql = "SELECT u.* $uselect
                      FROM {user} u $ujoin
                     WHERE u.id $sqluserids";
        $users = $DB->get_recordset_sql($usersql, $params);

        $result = array();
        $hasuserupdatecap = has_capability('moodle/user:update', get_system_context());
        foreach ($users as $user) {
            if (!empty($user->deleted)) {
                continue;
            }
            context_instance_preload($user);
            $usercontext = context_user::instance($user->id, IGNORE_MISSING);
            self::validate_context($usercontext);
            $currentuser = ($user->id == $USER->id);

            if ($userarray  = user_get_user_details($user)) {
                //fields matching permissions from /user/editadvanced.php
                if ($currentuser or $hasuserupdatecap) {
                    $userarray['auth']       = $user->auth;
                    $userarray['confirmed']  = $user->confirmed;
                    $userarray['idnumber']   = $user->idnumber;
                    $userarray['lang']       = $user->lang;
                    $userarray['theme']      = $user->theme;
                    $userarray['timezone']   = $user->timezone;
                    $userarray['mailformat'] = $user->mailformat;
                }
                $result[] = $userarray;
            }
        }
        $users->close();

        return $result;
    }



    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id_returns() {
        return new external_multiple_structure(
            core_user_external::user_description()
        );
    }
    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_course_user_profiles_parameters() {
        return new external_function_parameters(
            array(
                'userlist' => new external_multiple_structure(
                    new external_single_structure(
                        array(
                            'userid'    => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'userid'),
                            'courseid'    => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'courseid'),
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get course participant's details
     *
     * @param array $userlist  array of user ids and according course ids
     * @return array An array of arrays describing course participants
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_course_user_profiles($userlist) {
        global $CFG, $USER, $DB;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . "/user/lib.php");
        $params = self::validate_parameters(self::get_course_user_profiles_parameters(), array('userlist'=>$userlist));

        $userids = array();
        $courseids = array();
        foreach ($params['userlist'] as $value) {
            $userids[] = $value['userid'];
            $courseids[$value['userid']] = $value['courseid'];
        }

        // cache all courses
        $courses = array();
        list($cselect, $cjoin) = context_instance_preload_sql('c.id', CONTEXT_COURSE, 'ctx');
        list($sqlcourseids, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(array_unique($courseids));
        $coursesql = "SELECT c.* $cselect
                        FROM {course} c $cjoin
                       WHERE c.id $sqlcourseids";
        $rs = $DB->get_recordset_sql($coursesql, $params);
        foreach ($rs as $course) {
            // adding course contexts to cache
            context_instance_preload($course);
            // cache courses
            $courses[$course->id] = $course;
        }
        $rs->close();

        list($uselect, $ujoin) = context_instance_preload_sql('u.id', CONTEXT_USER, 'ctx');
        list($sqluserids, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($userids);
        $usersql = "SELECT u.* $uselect
                      FROM {user} u $ujoin
                     WHERE u.id $sqluserids";
        $users = $DB->get_recordset_sql($usersql, $params);
        $result = array();
        foreach ($users as $user) {
            if (!empty($user->deleted)) {
                continue;
            }
            context_instance_preload($user);
            $course = $courses[$courseids[$user->id]];
            $context = context_course::instance($courseids[$user->id], IGNORE_MISSING);
            self::validate_context($context);
            if ($userarray = user_get_user_details($user, $course)) {
                $result[] = $userarray;
            }
        }

        $users->close();

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.2
     */
    public static function get_course_user_profiles_returns() {
        $additionalfields = array(
                    'groups' => new external_multiple_structure(
                        new external_single_structure(
                            array(
                                'id'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'group id'),
                                'name' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'group name'),
                                'description' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'group description'),
                                'descriptionformat' => new external_format_value('description'),
                            )
                        ), 'user groups', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'roles' => new external_multiple_structure(
                        new external_single_structure(
                            array(
                                'roleid'       => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'role id'),
                                'name'         => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'role name'),
                                'shortname'    => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'role shortname'),
                                'sortorder'    => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'role sortorder')
                            )
                        ), 'user roles', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'enrolledcourses' => new external_multiple_structure(
	                    new external_single_structure(
		                    array(
			                    'id'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Id of the course'),
			                    'fullname'  => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Fullname of the course'),
			                    'shortname' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Shortname of the course')
		                    )
	                    ), 'Courses where the user is enrolled - limited by which courses the user is able to see', VALUE_OPTIONAL)
                    );

        return new external_multiple_structure(core_user_external::user_description($additionalfields));
    }

    /**
     * Create user return value description.
     *
     * @param array $additionalfiels some additional field
     * @return single_structure_description
     */
    public static function user_description($additionalfiels = array()) {
        $userfields = array(
                    'id'    => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'ID of the user'),
                    'username'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The username', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'firstname'   => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The first name(s) of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'lastname'    => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The family name of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'fullname'    => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'The fullname of the user'),
                    'email'       => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'An email address - allow email as root@localhost', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'address'     => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'Postal address', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'phone1'      => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'Phone 1', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'phone2'      => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'Phone 2', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'icq'         => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'icq number', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'skype'       => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'skype id', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'yahoo'       => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'yahoo id', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'aim'         => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'aim id', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'msn'         => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'msn number', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'department'  => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'department', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'institution' => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'institution', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'idnumber'    => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'An arbitrary ID code number perhaps from the institution', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'interests'   => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'user interests (separated by commas)', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'firstaccess' => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'first access to the site (0 if never)', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'lastaccess'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'last access to the site (0 if never)', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'auth'        => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Auth plugins include manual, ldap, imap, etc', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'confirmed'   => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Active user: 1 if confirmed, 0 otherwise', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'lang'        => new external_value(PARAM_SAFEDIR, 'Language code such as "en", must exist on server', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'theme'       => new external_value(PARAM_PLUGIN, 'Theme name such as "standard", must exist on server', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'timezone'    => new external_value(PARAM_TIMEZONE, 'Timezone code such as Australia/Perth, or 99 for default', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'mailformat'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Mail format code is 0 for plain text, 1 for HTML etc', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'description' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'User profile description', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'descriptionformat' => new external_format_value('description', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'city'        => new external_value(PARAM_NOTAGS, 'Home city of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'url'         => new external_value(PARAM_URL, 'URL of the user', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'country'     => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Home country code of the user, such as AU or CZ', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'profileimageurlsmall' => new external_value(PARAM_URL, 'User image profile URL - small version'),
                    'profileimageurl' => new external_value(PARAM_URL, 'User image profile URL - big version'),
                    'customfields' => new external_multiple_structure(
                        new external_single_structure(
                            array(
                                'type'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The type of the custom field - text field, checkbox...'),
                                'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the custom field'),
                                'name' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The name of the custom field'),
                                'shortname' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The shortname of the custom field - to be able to build the field class in the code'),
                            )
                        ), 'User custom fields (also known as user profil fields)', VALUE_OPTIONAL),
                    'preferences' => new external_multiple_structure(
                        new external_single_structure(
                            array(
                                'name'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT, 'The name of the preferences'),
                                'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'The value of the custom field'),
                            )
                    ), 'Users preferences', VALUE_OPTIONAL)
                );
        if (!empty($additionalfields)) {
            $userfields = array_merge($userfields, $additionalfields);
        }
        return new external_single_structure($userfields);
    }

}

 /**
 * Deprecated user external functions
 *
 * @package    core_user
 * @copyright  2009 Petr Skodak
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 * @since Moodle 2.0
 * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not use this class any more.
 * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
 * @see core_user_external
 */
class moodle_user_external extends external_api {

    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::create_users_parameters()
     */
    public static function create_users_parameters() {
        return core_user_external::create_users_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Create one or more users
     *
     * @param array $users  An array of users to create.
     * @return array An array of arrays
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::create_users()
     */
    public static function create_users($users) {
        return core_user_external::create_users($users);
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::create_users_returns()
     */
    public static function create_users_returns() {
        return core_user_external::create_users_returns();
    }


    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::delete_users_parameters()
     */
    public static function delete_users_parameters() {
        return core_user_external::delete_users_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Delete users
     *
     * @param array $userids
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::delete_users()
     */
    public static function delete_users($userids) {
        return core_user_external::delete_users($userids);
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::delete_users_returns()
     */
    public static function delete_users_returns() {
        return core_user_external::delete_users_returns();
    }


    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::update_users_parameters()
     */
    public static function update_users_parameters() {
        return core_user_external::update_users_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Update users
     *
     * @param array $users
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::update_users()
     */
    public static function update_users($users) {
        return core_user_external::update_users($users);
    }

   /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return null
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::update_users_returns()
     */
    public static function update_users_returns() {
        return core_user_external::update_users_returns();
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_users_by_id_parameters()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id_parameters() {
        return core_user_external::get_users_by_id_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Get user information
     * - This function is matching the permissions of /user/profil.php
     * - It is also matching some permissions from /user/editadvanced.php for the following fields:
     *   auth, confirmed, idnumber, lang, theme, timezone, mailformat
     *
     * @param array $userids  array of user ids
     * @return array An array of arrays describing users
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_users_by_id()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id($userids) {
        return core_user_external::get_users_by_id($userids);
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.0
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_users_by_id_returns()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_id_returns() {
        $additionalfields = array (
            'enrolledcourses' => new external_multiple_structure(
	        new external_single_structure(
		        array(
			        'id'  => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Id of the course'),
			        'fullname'  => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Fullname of the course'),
			        'shortname' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Shortname of the course')
		        )
	        ), 'Courses where the user is enrolled - limited by which courses the user is able to see', VALUE_OPTIONAL));
        return core_user_external::get_users_by_id_returns($additionalfields);
    }
    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles_parameters()
     */
    public static function get_course_participants_by_id_parameters() {
        return core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Get course participant's details
     *
     * @param array $userlist  array of user ids and according course ids
     * @return array An array of arrays describing course participants
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles()
     */
    public static function get_course_participants_by_id($userlist) {
        return core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles($userlist);
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles_returns()
     */
    public static function get_course_participants_by_id_returns() {
        return core_user_external::get_course_user_profiles_returns();
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of method parameters
     *
     * @return external_function_parameters
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users_parameters()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_courseid_parameters() {
        global $CFG;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/enrol/externallib.php');
        return core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users_parameters();
    }

    /**
     * Get course participants details
     *
     * @param int $courseid  course id
     * @param array $options options {
     *                                'name' => option name
     *                                'value' => option value
     *                               }
     * @return array An array of users
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_courseid($courseid, $options) {
        global $CFG;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/enrol/externallib.php');
        return core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users($courseid, $options);
    }
    /**
     * Returns description of method result value
     *
     * @return external_description
     * @since Moodle 2.1
     * @deprecated Moodle 2.2 MDL-29106 - Please do not call this function any more.
     * @todo MDL-31194 This will be deleted in Moodle 2.5.
     * @see core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users_returns()
     */
    public static function get_users_by_courseid_returns() {
        global $CFG;
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/enrol/externallib.php');
        return core_enrol_external::get_enrolled_users_returns();
    }
}