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HTTP3 是什么 #68

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nmsn opened this issue Jun 19, 2023 · 3 comments

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nmsn commented Jun 19, 2023

No description provided.

nmsn added 网络 TODO labels

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nmsn commented Jun 19, 2023

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/431672713

nmsn removed the TODO label

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nmsn commented Jun 19, 2023 •

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HTTP2 存在的问题

有序字节流引出的队头阻塞，使得 HTTP2 的多路复用能力大打折扣
TCP 与 TLS 叠加增加了握手时延
基于 TCP 四元组 确定一个连接，这种诞生于有线网络的设计，并不适合移动状态下的无线网络，这意味着IP地址的频繁变动会导致 TCP 连接、TLS 会话反复握手，成本高昂

网络四元组：简单理解就是在TCP协议中，去确定一个客户端连接的组成要素，它包括源IP地址、目标IP地址、源端口号、目标端口号

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nmsn commented Jun 19, 2023

HTTP3 解决的问题

HTTP3 基于 UDP 协议重新定义了连接，在 QUIC 层实现了无序、并发字节流的传输，解决了队头阻塞问题（包括基于 QPACK 解决了动态表的队头阻塞）；
HTTP3 重新定义了 TLS 协议加密 QUIC 头部的方式，既提高了网络攻击成本，又降低了建立连- 接的速度（仅需1个 RTT 就可以同时完成建链与密钥协商）；
HTTP3 将 Packet、QUIC Frame、HTTP3 Frame 分离，实现了连接迁移功能，降低了 5G 环境下高速移动设备的连接维护成本

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