It is pretty simple to use Multipath TCP with the C language. You simply need to pass IPPROTO_MPTCP as the third argument of the socket() system call. Make sure that IPPROTO_MPTCP is correctly defined and if you, define it as follows :
#ifndef IPPROTO_MPTCP
#define IPPROTO_MPTCP 262
#endif
A typical socket call for Multipath TCP will look like: s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_MPTCP);
The simple project in this repository also illustrates how to automatically check with autoconf whether the compilation is on a Multipath TCP enabled host, see configure.ac