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UltraDark.jl

UltraDark.jl is a tool for simulation of cosmological scalar fields, inspired by PyUltraLight and designed to be simple to use and extend.

It solves the non-interacting Gross-Pitaevskii equation

$$i \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t} = - \frac{1}{2m a^2} \nabla^2 \psi + m \psi \Phi$$

for a scalar field \psi with mass m, coupled to Poisson's equation for its gravitational potential \Phi

$$\nabla^2 \Phi = \frac{4 \pi G}{a} \rho = 4 \pi |\psi|^2 ,$$

where a(t) is the scale factor of the universe and G is Newton's constant.

Such a scalar field describes scalar dark matter (SDM) in models including ultralight dark matter (ULDM), fuzzy dark matter (FDM), axion-like particles (ALPs) and the like. It also describes an inflaton field in the reheating epoch of the early universe.

Please open an issue if you run into problems or have feature requests.

If UltraDark contributes to your research, please cite it.

Academic articles that have used UltraDark.jl

  • N. Glennon, E. O. Nadler, N. Musoke, A. Banerjee, C. Prescod-Weinstein and R. H. Wechsler, Tidal disruption of solitons in self-interacting ultralight axion dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 105, no.12, 123540 (2022) doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.105.123540, [arXiv:2205.10336 [astro-ph.CO]].

  • N. Glennon, A. E. Mirasola, N. Musoke, M. C. Neyrinck and C. Prescod-Weinstein, Scalar dark matter vortex stabilization with black holes, JCAP 07, 004 (2023) doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2023/07/004, [arXiv:2301.13220 [astro-ph.CO]].

    <center>
<iframe width="750" height="300" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DYeL5UHQjdE" title="Figure 2: Stable vortex-soliton, with initial perturbations" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</center>

  • N. Glennon, N. Musoke and C. Prescod-Weinstein, Simulations of multifield ultralight axionlike dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 107, no.6, 063520 (2023) doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.107.063520, [arXiv:2302.04302 [astro-ph.CO]].

    <center>
<iframe width="750" height="350" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IENq5imeIzE" title="Collisions between unbound solitons with 1- and 2- species of dark matter and equal phase" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</center>

  • N. Glennon, N. Musoke, E. O. Nadler, C. Prescod-Weinstein, and R. H. Wechsler, Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 109, no.6, 6, 063501 (2024) doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.109.063501, [arXiv:2312.07684 [astro-ph.CO]].

    <center>
<iframe width="750" height="350" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/27LzOpsgXxs" title="Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight axion dark matter, Figure 6" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</center>