Note
This section relates to environment variables that impact Numba's runtime, for compile time environment variables see numba-source-install-env_vars
.
Numba allows its behaviour to be changed through the use of environment variables. Unless otherwise mentioned, those variables have integer values and default to zero.
For convenience, Numba also supports the use of a configuration file to persist configuration settings. Note: To use this feature pyyaml
must be installed.
The configuration file must be named .numba_config.yaml
and be present in the directory from which the Python interpreter is invoked. The configuration file, if present, is read for configuration settings before the environment variables are searched. This means that the environment variable settings will override the settings obtained from a configuration file (the configuration file is for setting permanent preferences whereas the environment variables are for ephemeral preferences).
The format of the configuration file is a dictionary in YAML
format that maps the environment variables below (without the NUMBA_
prefix) to a desired value. For example, to permanently switch on developer mode (NUMBA_DEVELOPER_MODE
environment variable) and control flow graph printing (NUMBA_DUMP_CFG
environment variable), create a configuration file with the contents:
developer_mode: 1
dump_cfg: 1
This can be especially useful in the case of wanting to use a set color scheme based on terminal background color. For example, if the terminal background color is black, the dark_bg
color scheme would be well suited and can be set for permanent use by adding:
color_scheme: dark_bg
These variables globally override flags to the ~numba.jit
decorator.
NUMBA_BOUNDSCHECK
If set to 0 or 1, globally disable or enable bounds checking, respectively. The default if the variable is not set or set to an empty string is to use the boundscheck
flag passed to the ~numba.jit
decorator for a given function. See the documentation of @jit
<jit-decorator-boundscheck>
for more information.
Note, due to limitations in numba, the bounds checking currently produces exception messages that do not match those from NumPy. If you set NUMBA_FULL_TRACEBACKS=1
, the full exception message with the axis, index, and shape information will be printed to the terminal.
These variables influence what is printed out during compilation of JIT functions <JIT function>
.
NUMBA_DEVELOPER_MODE
If set to non-zero, developer mode produces full tracebacks and disables help instructions. Default is zero.
NUMBA_FULL_TRACEBACKS
If set to non-zero, enable full tracebacks when an exception occurs. Defaults to the value set by NUMBA_DEVELOPER_MODE.
NUMBA_SHOW_HELP
If set to non-zero, show resources for getting help. Default is zero.
NUMBA_DISABLE_ERROR_MESSAGE_HIGHLIGHTING
If set to non-zero error message highlighting is disabled. This is useful for running the test suite on CI systems.
NUMBA_COLOR_SCHEME
Alters the color scheme used in error reporting (requires the colorama
package to be installed to work). Valid values are:
no_color
No color added, just bold font weighting.dark_bg
Suitable for terminals with a dark background.light_bg
Suitable for terminals with a light background.blue_bg
Suitable for terminals with a blue background.jupyter_nb
Suitable for use in Jupyter Notebooks.
Default value: no_color
. The type of the value is string
.
NUMBA_HIGHLIGHT_DUMPS
If set to non-zero and pygments
is installed, syntax highlighting is applied to Numba IR, LLVM IR and assembly dumps. Default is zero.
NUMBA_DISABLE_PERFORMANCE_WARNINGS
If set to non-zero the issuing of performance warnings is disabled. Default is zero.
NUMBA_DEBUG
If set to non-zero, print out all possible debugging information during function compilation. Finer-grained control can be obtained using other variables below.
NUMBA_DEBUG_FRONTEND
If set to non-zero, print out debugging information during operation of the compiler frontend, up to and including generation of the Numba Intermediate Representation.
NUMBA_DEBUGINFO
If set to non-zero, enable debug for the full application by setting the default value of the debug
option in jit
. Beware that enabling debug info significantly increases the memory consumption for each compiled function. Default value equals to the value of NUMBA_ENABLE_PROFILING.
NUMBA_GDB_BINARY
Set the gdb
binary for use in Numba's gdb
support, this takes the form of a path and full name of the binary, for example: /path/from/root/to/binary/name_of_gdb_binary
This is to permit the use of a gdb
from a non-default location with a non-default name. If not set gdb
is assumed to reside at /usr/bin/gdb
.
NUMBA_DEBUG_TYPEINFER
If set to non-zero, print out debugging information about type inference.
NUMBA_ENABLE_PROFILING
Enables JIT events of LLVM in order to support profiling of jitted functions. This option is automatically enabled under certain profilers.
NUMBA_TRACE
If set to non-zero, trace certain function calls (function entry and exit events, including arguments and return values).
NUMBA_DUMP_BYTECODE
If set to non-zero, print out the Python :pybytecode
of compiled functions.
NUMBA_DUMP_CFG
If set to non-zero, print out information about the Control Flow Graph of compiled functions.
NUMBA_DUMP_IR
If set to non-zero, print out the Numba Intermediate Representation of compiled functions.
NUMBA_DUMP_SSA
If set to non-zero, print out the Numba Intermediate Representation of compiled functions after conversion to Static Single Assignment (SSA) form.
NUMBA_DEBUG_PRINT_AFTER
Dump the Numba IR after declared pass(es). This is useful for debugging IR changes made by given passes. Accepted values are:
- Any pass name (as given by the
.name()
method on the class) - Multiple pass names as a comma separated list, i.e.
"foo_pass,bar_pass"
- The token
"all"
, which will print after all passes.
The default value is "none"
so as to prevent output.
NUMBA_DUMP_ANNOTATION
If set to non-zero, print out types annotations for compiled functions.
NUMBA_DUMP_LLVM
Dump the unoptimized LLVM assembly source of compiled functions. Unoptimized code is usually very verbose; therefore, NUMBA_DUMP_OPTIMIZED
is recommended instead.
NUMBA_DUMP_FUNC_OPT
Dump the LLVM assembly source after the LLVM "function optimization" pass, but before the "module optimization" pass. This is useful mostly when developing Numba itself, otherwise use NUMBA_DUMP_OPTIMIZED
.
NUMBA_DUMP_OPTIMIZED
Dump the LLVM assembly source of compiled functions after all optimization passes. The output includes the raw function as well as its CPython-compatible wrapper (whose name begins with wrapper.
). Note that the function is often inlined inside the wrapper, as well.
NUMBA_DEBUG_ARRAY_OPT
Dump debugging information related to the processing associated with the parallel=True
jit decorator option.
NUMBA_DEBUG_ARRAY_OPT_RUNTIME
Dump debugging information related to the runtime scheduler associated with the parallel=True
jit decorator option.
NUMBA_DEBUG_ARRAY_OPT_STATS
Dump statistics about how many operators/calls are converted to parallel for-loops and how many are fused together, which are associated with the parallel=True
jit decorator option.
NUMBA_PARALLEL_DIAGNOSTICS
If set to an integer value between 1 and 4 (inclusive) diagnostic information about parallel transforms undertaken by Numba will be written to STDOUT. The higher the value set the more detailed the information produced.
NUMBA_DUMP_ASSEMBLY
Dump the native assembly code of compiled functions.
NUMBA_LLVM_PASS_TIMINGS
Set to 1
to enable recording of pass timings in LLVM; e.g. NUMBA_LLVM_PASS_TIMINGS=1
. See developer-llvm-timings
.
Default value: 0
(Off)
numba-troubleshooting
and architecture
.
NUMBA_OPT
The optimization level; this option is passed straight to LLVM.
Default value: 3
NUMBA_LOOP_VECTORIZE
If set to non-zero, enable LLVM loop vectorization.
Default value: 1 (except on 32-bit Windows)
NUMBA_SLP_VECTORIZE
If set to non-zero, enable LLVM superword-level parallelism vectorization.
Default value: 1
NUMBA_ENABLE_AVX
If set to non-zero, enable AVX optimizations in LLVM. This is disabled by default on Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge architectures as it can sometimes result in slower code on those platforms.
NUMBA_DISABLE_INTEL_SVML
If set to non-zero and Intel SVML is available, the use of SVML will be disabled.
NUMBA_DISABLE_JIT
Disable JIT compilation entirely. The ~numba.jit
decorator acts as if it performs no operation, and the invocation of decorated functions calls the original Python function instead of a compiled version. This can be useful if you want to run the Python debugger over your code.
NUMBA_CPU_NAME
NUMBA_CPU_FEATURES
Override CPU and CPU features detection. By setting NUMBA_CPU_NAME=generic
, a generic CPU model is picked for the CPU architecture and the feature list (NUMBA_CPU_FEATURES
) defaults to empty. CPU features must be listed with the format +feature1,-feature2
where +
indicates enable and -
indicates disable. For example, +sse,+sse2,-avx,-avx2
enables SSE and SSE2, and disables AVX and AVX2.
These settings are passed to LLVM for configuring the compilation target. To get a list of available options, use the llc
commandline tool from LLVM, for example:
llc -march=x86 -mattr=help
Tip
To force all caching functions (@jit(cache=True)
) to emit portable code (portable within the same architecture and OS), simply set NUMBA_CPU_NAME=generic
.
NUMBA_FUNCTION_CACHE_SIZE
Override the size of the function cache for retaining recently deserialized functions in memory. In systems like Dask, it is common for functions to be deserialized multiple times. Numba will cache functions as long as there is a reference somewhere in the interpreter. This cache size variable controls how many functions that are no longer referenced will also be retained, just in case they show up in the future. The implementation of this is not a true LRU, but the large size of the cache should be sufficient for most situations.
Note: this is unrelated to the compilation cache.
Default value: 128
NUMBA_LLVM_REFPRUNE_PASS
Turns on the LLVM pass level reference-count pruning pass and disables the regex based implementation in Numba.
Default value: 1 (On)
NUMBA_LLVM_REFPRUNE_FLAGS
When NUMBA_LLVM_REFPRUNE_PASS
is on, this allows configuration of subpasses in the reference-count pruning LLVM pass.
Valid values are any combinations of the below separated by , (case-insensitive):
all
: enable all subpasses.per_bb
: enable per-basic-block level pruning, which is same as the old regex based implementation.diamond
: enable inter-basic-block pruning that is a diamond shape pattern, i.e. a single-entry single-exit CFG subgraph where has an incref in the entry and a corresponding decref in the exit.fanout
: enable inter-basic-block pruning that has a fanout pattern, i.e. a single-entry multiple-exit CFG subgraph where the entry has an incref and every exit has a corresponding decref.fanout_raise
: same asfanout
but allow subgraph exit nodes to be raising an exception and not have a corresponding decref.
For example, all
is the same as per_bb, diamond, fanout, fanout_raise
Default value: "all"
Options for the compilation cache.
NUMBA_DEBUG_CACHE
If set to non-zero, print out information about operation of the JIT compilation cache <jit-cache>
.
NUMBA_CACHE_DIR
Override the location of the cache directory. If defined, this should be a valid directory path.
If not defined, Numba picks the cache directory in the following order:
- In-tree cache. Put the cache next to the corresponding source file under a
__pycache__
directory following how.pyc
files are stored. - User-wide cache. Put the cache in the user's application directory using
appdirs.user_cache_dir
from the Appdirs package. - IPython cache. Put the cache in an IPython specific application directory. Stores are made under the
numba_cache
in the directory returned byIPython.paths.get_ipython_cache_dir()
.
Also see docs on cache sharing <cache-sharing>
and docs on cache clearing <cache-clearing>
NUMBA_DISABLE_CUDA
If set to non-zero, disable CUDA support.
NUMBA_FORCE_CUDA_CC
If set, force the CUDA compute capability to the given version (a string of the type major.minor
), regardless of attached devices.
NUMBA_CUDA_DEFAULT_PTX_CC
The default compute capability (a string of the type major.minor
) to target when compiling to PTX using cuda.compile_ptx
. The default is 5.2, which is the lowest non-deprecated compute capability in the most recent version of the CUDA toolkit supported (10.2 at present).
NUMBA_ENABLE_CUDASIM
If set, don't compile and execute code for the GPU, but use the CUDA Simulator instead. For debugging purposes.
NUMBA_CUDA_ARRAY_INTERFACE_SYNC
Whether to synchronize on streams provided by objects imported using the CUDA Array Interface. This defaults to 1. If set to 0, then no synchronization takes place, and the user of Numba (and other CUDA libraries) is responsible for ensuring correctness with respect to synchronization on streams.
NUMBA_CUDA_LOG_LEVEL
For debugging purposes. If no other logging is configured, the value of this variable is the logging level for CUDA API calls. The default value is CRITICAL
- to trace all API calls on standard error, set this to DEBUG
.
NUMBA_CUDA_LOG_API_ARGS
By default the CUDA API call logs only give the names of functions called. Setting this variable to 1 also includes the values of arguments to Driver API calls in the logs.
NUMBA_CUDA_DRIVER
Path of the directory in which the CUDA driver libraries are to be found. Normally this should not need to be set as Numba can locate the driver in standard locations. However, this variable can be used if the driver is in a non-standard location.
NUMBA_CUDA_LOG_SIZE
Buffer size for logs produced by CUDA driver API operations. This defaults to 1024 and should not normally need to be modified - however, if an error in an API call produces a large amount of output that appears to be truncated (perhaps due to multiple long function names, for example) then this variable can be used to increase the buffer size and view the full error message.
NUMBA_CUDA_VERBOSE_JIT_LOG
Whether the CUDA driver should produce verbose log messages. Defaults to 1, indicating that verbose messaging is enabled. This should not need to be modified under normal circumstances.
NUMBA_CUDA_PER_THREAD_DEFAULT_STREAM
When set to 1, the default stream is the per-thread default stream. When set to 0, the default stream is the legacy default stream. This defaults to 0, for the legacy default stream. It may default to 1 in a future release of Numba. See Stream Synchronization Behavior for an explanation of the legacy and per-thread default streams.
NUMBA_NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING
By default arrays that inherit from numba.misc.dummyarray.Array
(e.g. CUDA device arrays) compute their contiguity using relaxed strides checking, which is the default mechanism used by NumPy since version 1.12 (see NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING). Setting NUMBA_NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING=0
reverts back to strict strides checking. This option should not normally be needed, but is provided in case it is needed to work around latent bugs related to strict strides checking.
Strict strides checking is deprecated and may be removed in future. See deprecation-strict-strides
.
NUMBA_CUDA_LOW_OCCUPANCY_WARNINGS
Enable warnings if the grid size is too small relative to the number of streaming multiprocessors (SM). This option is on by default (default value is 1).
The heuristic checked is whether gridsize < 2 * (number of SMs)
. NOTE: The absence of a warning does not imply a good gridsize relative to the number of SMs. Disabling this warning will reduce the number of CUDA API calls (during JIT compilation), as the heuristic needs to check the number of SMs available on the device in the current context.
CUDA_WARN_ON_IMPLICIT_COPY
Enable warnings if a kernel is launched with host memory which forces a copy to and from the device. This option is on by default (default value is 1).
NUMBA_NUM_THREADS
If set, the number of threads in the thread pool for the parallel CPU target will take this value. Must be greater than zero. This value is independent of OMP_NUM_THREADS
and MKL_NUM_THREADS
.
Default value: The number of CPU cores on the system as determined at run time. This can be accessed via numba.config.NUMBA_DEFAULT_NUM_THREADS
.
See also the section on setting_the_number_of_threads
for information on how to set the number of threads at runtime.
NUMBA_THREADING_LAYER
This environment variable controls the library used for concurrent execution for the CPU parallel targets (@vectorize(target='parallel')
, @guvectorize(target='parallel')
and @njit(parallel=True)
). The variable type is string and by default is default
which will select a threading layer based on what is available in the runtime. The valid values are (for more information about these see the threading layer documentation <numba-threading-layer>
):
default
- select a threading layer based on what is available in the current runtime.safe
- select a threading layer that is both fork and thread safe (requires the TBB package).forksafe
- select a threading layer that is fork safe.threadsafe
- select a threading layer that is thread safe.tbb
- A threading layer backed by Intel TBB.omp
- A threading layer backed by OpenMP.workqueue
- A simple built-in work-sharing task scheduler.