chapter01.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 00. 文字列の逆順"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'desserts'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 'stressed'\n",
    "x = x[::-1]\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 01. 「パタトクカシーー」"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'パトカー'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 'パタトクカシー'\n",
    "x = x[::2]\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 02. 「パトカー」＋「タクシー」＝「パタトクカシーー」"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from itertools import zip_longest"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'パタトクカシーー'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x1 = 'パトカー'\n",
    "x2 = 'タクシー'\n",
    "x = [\n",
    "    char\n",
    "    for two_chars in zip_longest(x1, x2, fillvalue = '')\n",
    "    for char in two_chars\n",
    "]\n",
    "x = ''.join(x)\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 03. 円周率"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import re"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5, 8, 9, 7, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 'Now I need a drink, alcoholic of course, after the heavy lectures involving quantum mechanics.'\n",
    "x = re.sub(r'[^\\w\\s]', '', x)\n",
    "x = x.split(' ')\n",
    "x = [len(word) for word in x]\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 04. 元素記号"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'H': 1,\n",
       " 'B': 5,\n",
       " 'C': 6,\n",
       " 'N': 7,\n",
       " 'O': 8,\n",
       " 'F': 9,\n",
       " 'P': 15,\n",
       " 'S': 16,\n",
       " 'K': 19,\n",
       " 'He': 2,\n",
       " 'Li': 3,\n",
       " 'Be': 4,\n",
       " 'Ne': 10,\n",
       " 'Na': 11,\n",
       " 'Mi': 12,\n",
       " 'Al': 13,\n",
       " 'Si': 14,\n",
       " 'Cl': 17,\n",
       " 'Ar': 18,\n",
       " 'Ca': 20}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 'Hi He Lied Because Boron Could Not Oxidize Fluorine. New Nations Might Also Sign Peace Security Clause. Arthur King Can.'\n",
    "x = x.split(' ')\n",
    "idx = {1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 19}\n",
    "d1 = [\n",
    "    (num + 1, word[:1])\n",
    "    for num, word in enumerate(x)\n",
    "    if num + 1 in idx\n",
    "]\n",
    "d2 = [\n",
    "    (num + 1, word[:2])\n",
    "    for num, word in enumerate(x)\n",
    "    if num + 1 not in idx\n",
    "]\n",
    "dct = {name:num for num, name in d1 + d2}\n",
    "dct"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 05. n-gram"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def ngram(n, lst):\n",
    "    return list(zip(*[lst[i:] for i in range(n)]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "文字 bi-gram [('I', ' '), (' ', 'a'), ('a', 'm'), ('m', ' '), (' ', 'a'), ('a', 'n'), ('n', ' '), (' ', 'N'), ('N', 'L'), ('L', 'P'), ('P', 'e'), ('e', 'r')]\n",
      "単語 bi-gram [('I', 'am'), ('am', 'an'), ('an', 'NLPer')]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "chars = 'I am an NLPer'\n",
    "char_bi_gram = ngram(2, chars)\n",
    "\n",
    "words = chars.split(' ')\n",
    "word_bi_gram = ngram(2, words)\n",
    "\n",
    "print('文字 bi-gram', char_bi_gram)\n",
    "print('単語 bi-gram', word_bi_gram)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from functools import partial"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[('I', ' '),\n",
       " (' ', 'a'),\n",
       " ('a', 'm'),\n",
       " ('m', ' '),\n",
       " (' ', 'a'),\n",
       " ('a', 'n'),\n",
       " ('n', ' '),\n",
       " (' ', 'N'),\n",
       " ('N', 'L'),\n",
       " ('L', 'P'),\n",
       " ('P', 'e'),\n",
       " ('e', 'r')]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bigram = partial(ngram, 2)\n",
    "bigram(chars)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 06. 集合"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "積集合 {('p', 'a'), ('r', 'a'), ('a', 'r'), ('a', 'p')}\n",
      "差集合 {('d', 'i'), ('a', 'd'), ('s', 'e'), ('i', 's')}\n",
      "se in X? True\n",
      "se in Y? False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "str1 = 'paraparaparadise'\n",
    "str2 = 'paragraph'\n",
    "X = set(ngram(2, str1))\n",
    "Y = set(ngram(2, str2))\n",
    "print('積集合', X & Y)\n",
    "print('差集合', X - Y)\n",
    "print('se in X?', ('s', 'e') in X)\n",
    "print('se in Y?', ('s', 'e') in Y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 07. テンプレートによる文生成"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def temperature(x, y, z):\n",
    "    return '{}時の{}は{}'.format(x, y, z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'12時の気温は22.4'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "temperature(12, '気温', 22.4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 08. 暗号文"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def cipher(xs):\n",
    "    xs = [\n",
    "        chr(219 - ord(x)) if x.islower() else x\n",
    "        for x in xs\n",
    "    ]\n",
    "    return ''.join(xs)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "平文 The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. 1234567890\n",
      "暗号文 Tsv jfrxp yildm ulc qfnkh levi gsv ozab wlt. 1234567890\n",
      "復号文 The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. 1234567890\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. 1234567890'\n",
    "print('平文', x)\n",
    "x = cipher(x)\n",
    "print('暗号文', x)\n",
    "x = cipher(x)\n",
    "print('復号文', x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 09. Typoglycemia"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import random as rd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def shuffle_str(x):\n",
    "    x = list(x)\n",
    "    rd.shuffle(x)\n",
    "    return ''.join(x)\n",
    "\n",
    "def typoglycemia(x):\n",
    "    if len(x) <= 4:\n",
    "        return x\n",
    "    return x[0] + shuffle_str(x[1:-1]) + x[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"I codlu'nt bieelve that I cluod aaluctly usaerndntd what I was reidang : the pnhmoaneel pewor of the hmaun mind .\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = \"I couldn't believe that I could actually understand what I was reading : the phenomenal power of the human mind .\"\n",
    "x = x.split(' ')\n",
    "x = [typoglycemia(word) for word in x]\n",
    "x = ' '.join(x)\n",
    "x"
   ]
  }
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