pipeline.py

# © 2016 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
#
# This file is part of OCRmyPDF.
#
# OCRmyPDF is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# OCRmyPDF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with OCRmyPDF.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

from contextlib import suppress
from shutil import copyfileobj
from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime, timezone

import sys
import os
import shutil
import re

import img2pdf
import pikepdf

from PIL import Image
from ruffus import formatter, regex, Pipeline, suffix

from .hocrtransform import HocrTransform
from .pdfinfo import PdfInfo, Encoding, Colorspace
from .pdfa import generate_pdfa_ps, encode_pdf_date
from .helpers import re_symlink, is_iterable_notstr, page_number, flatten_groups
from .exec import ghostscript, tesseract, qpdf
from .exceptions import PdfMergeFailedError, UnsupportedImageFormatError, \
    DpiError, PriorOcrFoundError, InputFileError
from . import leptonica
from . import PROGRAM_NAME, VERSION
from .optimize import optimize
from ._weave import weave_layers


VECTOR_PAGE_DPI = 400

#
# The Pipeline
#

def triage_image_file(input_file, output_file, log, options):
    try:
        log.info("Input file is not a PDF, checking if it is an image...")
        im = Image.open(input_file)
    except EnvironmentError as e:
        msg = str(e)

        # Recover the original filename
        realpath = ''
        if os.path.islink(input_file):
            realpath = os.path.realpath(input_file)
        elif os.path.isfile(input_file):
            realpath = '<stdin>'
        msg = msg.replace(input_file, realpath)
        log.error(msg)
        raise UnsupportedImageFormatError() from e
    else:
        log.info("Input file is an image")

        if 'dpi' in im.info:
            if im.info['dpi'] <= (96, 96) and not options.image_dpi:
                log.info("Image size: (%d, %d)" % im.size)
                log.info("Image resolution: (%d, %d)" % im.info['dpi'])
                log.error(
                    "Input file is an image, but the resolution (DPI) is "
                    "not credible.  Estimate the resolution at which the "
                    "image was scanned and specify it using --image-dpi.")
                raise DpiError()
        elif not options.image_dpi:
            log.info("Image size: (%d, %d)" % im.size)
            log.error(
                "Input file is an image, but has no resolution (DPI) "
                "in its metadata.  Estimate the resolution at which "
                "image was scanned and specify it using --image-dpi.")
            raise DpiError()

        if 'iccprofile' not in im.info:
            if im.mode == 'RGB':
                log.info('Input image has no ICC profile, assuming sRGB')
            elif im.mode == 'CMYK':
                log.info('Input CMYK image has no ICC profile, not usable')
                raise UnsupportedImageFormatError()
        im.close()

    try:
        log.info("Image seems valid. Try converting to PDF...")
        layout_fun = img2pdf.default_layout_fun
        if options.image_dpi:
            layout_fun = img2pdf.get_fixed_dpi_layout_fun(
                (options.image_dpi, options.image_dpi))
        with open(output_file, 'wb') as outf:
            img2pdf.convert(
                input_file,
                layout_fun=layout_fun,
                with_pdfrw=False,
                outputstream=outf)
        log.info("Successfully converted to PDF, processing...")
    except img2pdf.ImageOpenError as e:
        log.error(e)
        raise UnsupportedImageFormatError() from e


def _pdf_guess_version(input_file, search_window=1024):
    """Try to find version signature at start of file.

    Not robust enough to deal with appended files.

    Returns empty string if not found, indicating file is probably not PDF.
    """

    with open(input_file, 'rb') as f:
        signature = f.read(1024)
    m = re.search(br'%PDF-(\d\.\d)', signature)
    if m:
        return m.group(1)
    return ''


def triage(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):

    options = context.get_options()
    try:
        if _pdf_guess_version(input_file):
            if options.image_dpi:
                log.warning("Argument --image-dpi ignored because the "
                            "input file is a PDF, not an image.")
            re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
            return
    except EnvironmentError as e:
        log.error(e)
        raise InputFileError() from e

    triage_image_file(input_file, output_file, log, options)


def repair_and_parse_pdf(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    if not options.skip_repair:
        log.debug("Beginning qpdf repair...")
        qpdf.repair(input_file, output_file, log)
        log.debug("Repair OK; beginning parse...")
    else:
        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)

    pdfinfo = PdfInfo(output_file)

    if pdfinfo.has_userunit and options.output_type.startswith('pdfa'):
        log.error(
            "This input file uses a PDF feature that is not supported "
            "by Ghostscript, so you cannot use --output-type=pdfa for this "
            "file. (Specifically, it uses the PDF-1.6 /UserUnit feature to "
            "support very large or small page sizes, and Ghostscript cannot "
            "output these files.)  Use --output-type=pdf instead."
        )
        raise InputFileError()

    if len(pdfinfo.pages) > 2000 and sys.version_info[0:2] <= (3, 5):
        log.warning(
            "Performance regressions are known occur with Python 3.5 for "
            "high page count files.  Python 3.6 or newer is recommended."
        )

    context.set_pdfinfo(pdfinfo)
    log.debug(pdfinfo)


def get_pageinfo(input_file, context):
    "Get zero-based page info implied by filename, e.g. 000002.pdf -> 1"
    pageno = page_number(input_file) - 1
    pageinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()[pageno]
    return pageinfo


def get_page_dpi(pageinfo, options):
    "Get the DPI when nonsquare DPI is tolerable"
    xres = max(pageinfo.xres or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI, options.oversample or 0)
    yres = max(pageinfo.yres or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI, options.oversample or 0)
    return (float(xres), float(yres))


def get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options):
    "Get the DPI when we require xres == yres, scaled to physical units"
    xres = pageinfo.xres or 0
    yres = pageinfo.yres or 0
    userunit = pageinfo.userunit or 1
    return float(max(
        (xres * userunit) or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI,
        (yres * userunit) or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI,
        options.oversample or 0))


def get_canvas_square_dpi(pageinfo, options):
    """Get the DPI when we require xres == yres, in Postscript units"""
    return float(max(
        (pageinfo.xres) or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI,
        (pageinfo.yres) or VECTOR_PAGE_DPI,
        options.oversample or 0))


def is_ocr_required(pageinfo, log, options):
    page = pageinfo.pageno + 1
    ocr_required = True

    if pageinfo.has_text:
        msg = "{0:4d}: page already has text! – {1}"

        if not options.force_ocr and not options.skip_text:
            log.error(msg.format(page,
                                 "aborting (use --force-ocr to force OCR)"))
            raise PriorOcrFoundError()
        elif options.force_ocr:
            log.info(msg.format(page,
                                "rasterizing text and running OCR anyway"))
            ocr_required = True
        elif options.skip_text:
            log.info(msg.format(page,
                                "skipping all processing on this page"))
            ocr_required = False
    elif not pageinfo.images and not options.lossless_reconstruction:
        # We found a page with no images and no text. That means it may
        # have vector art that the user wants to OCR. If we determined
        # lossless reconstruction is not possible then we have to rasterize
        # the image. So if OCR is being forced, take that to mean YES, go
        # ahead and rasterize. If not forced, then pretend there's no text
        # on the page at all so we don't lose anything.
        # This could be made smarter by explicitly searching for vector art.
        if options.force_ocr and options.oversample:
            # The user really wants to reprocess this file
            log.info(
                "{0:4d}: page has no images - "
                "rasterizing at {1} DPI because "
                "--force-ocr --oversample was specified".format(
                    page, options.oversample))
        elif options.force_ocr:
            # Warn the user they might not want to do this
            log.warning(
                "{0:4d}: page has no images - "
                "all vector content will be "
                "rasterized at {1} DPI, losing some resolution and likely "
                "increasing file size. Use --oversample to adjust the "
                "DPI.".format(page, VECTOR_PAGE_DPI))
        else:
            log.info(
                "{0:4d}: page has no images - "
                "skipping all processing on this page to avoid losing detail. "
                "Use --force-ocr if you wish to perform OCR on pages that "
                "have vector content.".format(page))
            ocr_required = False

    if ocr_required and options.skip_big and pageinfo.images:
        pixel_count = pageinfo.width_pixels * pageinfo.height_pixels
        if pixel_count > (options.skip_big * 1000000):
            ocr_required = False
            log.warning(
                "{0:4d}: page too big, skipping OCR "
                "({1:.1f} MPixels > {2:.1f} MPixels --skip-big)".format(
                    page, pixel_count / 1000000, options.skip_big))
    return ocr_required


def marker_pages(
        input_files,
        output_files,
        log,
        context):

    options = context.get_options()
    work_folder = context.get_work_folder()

    if is_iterable_notstr(input_files):
        input_file = input_files[0]
    else:
        input_file = input_files

    for oo in output_files:
        with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
            os.unlink(oo)

    # If no files were repaired the input will be empty
    if not input_file:
        log.error("{0}: file not found or invalid argument".format(
                options.input_file))
        raise InputFileError()

    pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()
    npages = len(pdfinfo)

    # Ruffus needs to see a file for any task it generates, so make very
    # file a symlink back to the source.
    for n in range(npages):
        page = Path(work_folder) / '{0:06d}.marker.pdf'.format(n + 1)
        page.symlink_to(input_file)


def split_page(
        placeholder_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    pageno = page_number(placeholder_file) - 1
    input_pdf = context.get_pdfinfo().filename
    qpdf.extract_page(input_pdf, output_file, pageno)


def ocr_or_skip(
        input_files,
        output_files,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    work_folder = context.get_work_folder()
    pdfinfo =  context.get_pdfinfo()

    for input_file in input_files:
        pageno = page_number(input_file) - 1
        pageinfo = pdfinfo[pageno]
        alt_suffix = \
            '.ocr.page.pdf' if is_ocr_required(pageinfo, log, options) \
            else '.skip.page.pdf'

        re_symlink(
            input_file,
            os.path.join(
                work_folder,
                os.path.basename(input_file)[0:6] + alt_suffix),
            log)


def rasterize_preview(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(input_file, context)
    options = context.get_options()
    canvas_dpi = get_canvas_square_dpi(pageinfo, options) / 2
    page_dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options) / 2

    ghostscript.rasterize_pdf(
        input_file, output_file, xres=canvas_dpi, yres=canvas_dpi,
        raster_device='jpeggray', log=log, page_dpi=(page_dpi, page_dpi),
        pageno=page_number(input_file), rotation=pageinfo.rotation)


def orient_page(
        infiles,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):

    options = context.get_options()
    page_pdf = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.page.pdf'))

    if not options.rotate_pages:
        re_symlink(page_pdf, output_file, log)
        return
    preview = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.preview.jpg'))

    orient_conf = tesseract.get_orientation(
        preview,
        language=options.language,
        engine_mode=options.tesseract_oem,
        timeout=options.tesseract_timeout,
        log=log)

    direction = {
        0: '⇧',
        90: '⇨',
        180: '⇩',
        270: '⇦'
    }

    apply_correction = False
    description = ''
    if orient_conf.confidence >= options.rotate_pages_threshold:
        if orient_conf.angle != 0:
            apply_correction = True
            description = ' - will rotate'
        else:
            description = ' - rotation appears correct'
    else:
        if orient_conf.angle != 0:
            description = ' - confidence too low to rotate'
        else:
            description = ' - no change'

    log.info(
        '{0:4d}: page is facing {1}, confidence {2:.2f}{3}'.format(
            page_number(preview),
            direction.get(orient_conf.angle, '?'),
            orient_conf.confidence,
            description)
    )

    re_symlink(page_pdf, output_file, log)
    if apply_correction:
        pageno = page_number(page_pdf) - 1
        pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()
        correction = (orient_conf.angle - pdfinfo[pageno].rotation) % 360
        context.set_rotation(pageno, correction)


def rasterize_with_ghostscript(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(input_file, context)

    colorspaces = ['pngmono', 'pnggray', 'png256', 'png16m']
    device_idx = 0
    def at_least(cs):
        return max(device_idx, colorspaces.index(cs))

    for image in pageinfo.images:
        if image.type_ != 'image':
            continue  # ignore masks
        if image.bpc > 1:
            if image.color == Colorspace.index:
                device_idx = at_least('png256')
            elif image.color == Colorspace.gray:
                device_idx = at_least('pnggray')
            else:
                device_idx = at_least('png16m')

    device = colorspaces[device_idx]

    log.debug("Rasterize {0} with {1}".format(
              os.path.basename(input_file), device))

    # Produce the page image with square resolution or else deskew and OCR
    # will not work properly.
    canvas_dpi = get_canvas_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)
    page_dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)

    correction = context.get_rotation(page_number(input_file) - 1)

    ghostscript.rasterize_pdf(
        input_file, output_file, xres=canvas_dpi, yres=canvas_dpi,
        raster_device=device, log=log, page_dpi=(page_dpi, page_dpi),
        pageno=page_number(input_file), rotation=correction)


def preprocess_remove_background(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    if not options.remove_background:
        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
        return

    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(input_file, context)

    if any(image.bpc > 1 for image in pageinfo.images):
        leptonica.remove_background(input_file, output_file)
    else:
        log.info("{0:4d}: background removal skipped on mono page".format(
            pageinfo.pageno))
        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)


def preprocess_deskew(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    if not options.deskew:
        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
        return

    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(input_file, context)
    dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)

    leptonica.deskew(input_file, output_file, dpi)


def preprocess_clean(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    if not options.clean:
        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
        return

    from .exec import unpaper
    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(input_file, context)
    dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)

    unpaper.clean(input_file, output_file, dpi, log)


def select_ocr_image(
        infiles,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    """Select the image we send for OCR. May not be the same as the display
    image depending on preprocessing. This image will never be shown to the
    user."""

    image = infiles[0]
    if context.get_options().force_ocr:
        re_symlink(image, output_file, log)
        return

    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(image, context)

    with Image.open(image) as im:
        from PIL import ImageColor
        from PIL import ImageDraw
        from decimal import Decimal
        white = ImageColor.getcolor('#ffffff', im.mode)
        #pink = ImageColor.getcolor('#ff0080', im.mode)
        draw = ImageDraw.ImageDraw(im)

        xres, yres = im.info['dpi']
        log.debug('resolution %r %r', xres, yres)
        for textarea in pageinfo.get_textareas():
            # Calculate resolution based on the image size and page dimensions
            # without regard whatever resolution is in pageinfo (may differ or
            # be None)
            bbox = textarea
            pixcoords = [Decimal(bbox[0]) / Decimal(72) * xres,
                         Decimal(bbox[1]) / Decimal(72) * yres,
                         Decimal(bbox[2]) / Decimal(72) * xres,
                         Decimal(bbox[3]) / Decimal(72) * yres]
            pixcoords = [int(c) for c in pixcoords]
            log.debug('blanking %r', pixcoords)
            draw.rectangle(pixcoords, fill=white)
            #draw.rectangle(pixcoords, outline=pink)

        del draw

        # Pillow requires integer DPI
        dpi = round(xres), round(yres)
        im.save(output_file, dpi=dpi)


def ocr_tesseract_hocr(
        input_file,
        output_files,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    tesseract.generate_hocr(
        input_file=input_file,
        output_files=output_files,
        language=options.language,
        engine_mode=options.tesseract_oem,
        tessconfig=options.tesseract_config,
        timeout=options.tesseract_timeout,
        pagesegmode=options.tesseract_pagesegmode,
        user_words=options.user_words,
        user_patterns=options.user_patterns,
        log=log
        )


def select_visible_page_image(
        infiles,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    "Selects a whole page image that we can show the user (if necessary)"

    options = context.get_options()
    if options.clean_final:
        image_suffix = '.pp-clean.png'
    elif options.deskew:
        image_suffix = '.pp-deskew.png'
    elif options.remove_background:
        image_suffix = '.pp-background.png'
    else:
        image_suffix = '.page.png'
    image = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith(image_suffix))

    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(image, context)
    if pageinfo.images and \
            all(im.enc == 'jpeg' for im in pageinfo.images):
        log.debug('{:4d}: JPEG input -> JPEG output'.format(
            page_number(image)))
        # If all images were JPEGs originally, produce a JPEG as output
        with Image.open(image) as im:
            # At this point the image should be a .png, but deskew, unpaper
            # might have removed the DPI information. In this case, fall back to
            # square DPI used to rasterize. When the preview image was
            # rasterized, it was also converted to square resolution, which is
            # what we want to give tesseract, so keep it square.
            fallback_dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)
            dpi = im.info.get('dpi', (fallback_dpi, fallback_dpi))

            # Pillow requires integer DPI
            dpi = round(dpi[0]), round(dpi[1])
            im.save(output_file, format='JPEG', dpi=dpi)
    else:
        re_symlink(image, output_file, log)


def select_image_layer(
        infiles,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    """Selects the image layer for the output page. If possible this is the
    orientation-corrected input page, or an image of the whole page converted
    to PDF."""

    options = context.get_options()
    page_pdf = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.ocr.oriented.pdf'))
    image = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.image'))

    if options.lossless_reconstruction:
        log.debug("{:4d}: page eligible for lossless reconstruction".format(
            page_number(page_pdf)))
        re_symlink(page_pdf, output_file, log)  # Still points to multipage
        return

    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(image, context)

    # We rasterize a square DPI version of each page because most image
    # processing tools don't support rectangular DPI. Use the square DPI as it
    # accurately describes the image. It would be possible to resample the image
    # at this stage back to non-square DPI to more closely resemble the input,
    # except that the hocr renderer does not understand non-square DPI. The
    # sandwich renderer would be fine.
    dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)
    layout_fun = img2pdf.get_fixed_dpi_layout_fun((dpi, dpi))

    # This create a single page PDF
    with open(image, 'rb') as imfile, open(output_file, 'wb') as pdf:
        log.debug('{:4d}: convert'.format(page_number(page_pdf)))
        img2pdf.convert(
            imfile, with_pdfrw=False,
            layout_fun=layout_fun, outputstream=pdf)
        log.debug('{:4d}: convert done'.format(page_number(page_pdf)))


def render_hocr_page(
        infiles,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    hocr = next(ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.hocr'))
    pageinfo = get_pageinfo(hocr, context)
    dpi = get_page_square_dpi(pageinfo, options)

    hocrtransform = HocrTransform(hocr, dpi)
    hocrtransform.to_pdf(output_file, imageFileName=None,
                         showBoundingboxes=False, invisibleText=True,
                         interwordSpaces=True)


def ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf(
        infiles,
        outfiles,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    input_image = next((ii for ii in infiles if ii.endswith('.ocr.png')), '')
    if not input_image:
        raise ValueError("No image rendered?")

    output_pdf = next((ii for ii in outfiles if ii.endswith('.pdf')))
    output_text = next((ii for ii in outfiles if ii.endswith('.txt')))

    tesseract.generate_pdf(
        input_image=input_image,
        skip_pdf=None,
        output_pdf=output_pdf,
        output_text=output_text,
        language=options.language,
        engine_mode=options.tesseract_oem,
        text_only=True,
        tessconfig=options.tesseract_config,
        timeout=options.tesseract_timeout,
        pagesegmode=options.tesseract_pagesegmode,
        user_words=options.user_words,
        user_patterns=options.user_patterns,
        log=log)


def get_pdfmark(base_pdf, options):
    def from_document_info(key):
        try:
            s = base_pdf.metadata[key]
            return str(s)
        except (KeyError, TypeError):
            return ''

    pdfmark = {k: from_document_info(k) for k in
        ('/Title', '/Author', '/Keywords', '/Subject', '/CreationDate')}
    if options.title:
        pdfmark['/Title'] = options.title
    if options.author:
        pdfmark['/Author'] = options.author
    if options.keywords:
        pdfmark['/Keywords'] = options.keywords
    if options.subject:
        pdfmark['/Subject'] = options.subject

    if options.pdf_renderer == 'sandwich':
        renderer_tag = 'OCR-PDF'
    else:
        renderer_tag = 'OCR'

    pdfmark['/Creator'] = '{0} {1} / Tesseract {2} {3}'.format(
        PROGRAM_NAME, VERSION,
        renderer_tag,
        tesseract.version())
    pdfmark['/Producer'] = 'pikepdf ' + pikepdf.__version__
    if 'OCRMYPDF_CREATOR' in os.environ:
        pdfmark['/Creator'] = os.environ['OCRMYPDF_CREATOR']
    if 'OCRMYPDF_PRODUCER' in os.environ:
        pdfmark['/Producer'] = os.environ['OCRMYPDF_PRODUCER']

    pdfmark['/ModDate'] = encode_pdf_date(datetime.now(timezone.utc))
    return pdfmark


def generate_postscript_stub(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()
    pdf = pikepdf.open(input_file)
    pdfmark = get_pdfmark(pdf, options)
    generate_pdfa_ps(output_file, pdfmark)


def metadata_fixup(
        input_files_groups,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    options = context.get_options()

    input_files = list(f for f in flatten_groups(input_files_groups))
    metadata_file = next(
        (ii for ii in input_files if ii.endswith('.repaired.pdf')), None
    )
    layers_file = next(
        (ii for ii in input_files if ii.endswith('layers.rendered.pdf')), None
    )
    ps = next(
        (ii for ii in input_files if ii.endswith('.ps')), None
    )

    if options.output_type.startswith('pdfa'):
        input_pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()
        ghostscript.generate_pdfa(
            pdf_version=input_pdfinfo.min_version,
            pdf_pages=[layers_file, ps],
            output_file=output_file,
            compression=options.pdfa_image_compression,
            log=log,
            threads=options.jobs or 1,
            pdfa_part=options.output_type[-1]  # is pdfa-1, pdfa-2, or pdfa-3
        )
    else:
        metadata = pikepdf.open(metadata_file)
        pdfmark = get_pdfmark(metadata, options)
        pdf = pikepdf.open(layers_file)
        pdf.metadata = pdf.make_indirect(pikepdf.Dictionary(pdfmark))
        pdf.save(output_file, stream_data_mode=pikepdf.StreamDataMode.compress)


def optimize_pdf(
        input_file,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    optimize(input_file, output_file, log, context)


def merge_sidecars(
        input_files_groups,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()

    txt_files = [None] * len(pdfinfo)

    for infile in flatten_groups(input_files_groups):
        if infile.endswith('.txt'):
            idx = page_number(infile) - 1
            txt_files[idx] = infile

    def write_pages(stream):
        for page_num, txt_file in enumerate(txt_files):
            if page_num != 0:
                stream.write('\f')  # Form feed between pages
            if txt_file:
                with open(txt_file, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as in_:
                    txt = in_.read()
                    # Tesseract v4 alpha started adding form feeds in
                    # commit aa6eb6b
                    # No obvious way to detect what binaries will do this, so
                    # for consistency just ignore its form feeds and insert our
                    # own
                    if txt.endswith('\f'):
                        stream.write(txt[:-1])
                    else:
                        stream.write(txt)
            else:
                stream.write('[OCR skipped on page {}]'.format(
                        page_num + 1))

    if output_file == '-':
        write_pages(sys.stdout)
        sys.stdout.flush()
    else:
        with open(output_file, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as out:
            write_pages(out)


def copy_final(
        input_files,
        output_file,
        log,
        context):
    input_file = next((ii for ii in input_files if ii.endswith('.pdf')))
    log.debug('%s -> %s', input_file, output_file)
    with open(input_file, 'rb') as input_stream:
        if output_file == '-':
            copyfileobj(input_stream, sys.stdout.buffer)
            sys.stdout.flush()
        else:
            # At this point we overwrite the output_file specified by the user
            # use copyfileobj because then we use open() to create the file and
            # get the appropriate umask, ownership, etc.
            with open(output_file, 'wb') as output_stream:
                copyfileobj(input_stream, output_stream)


def build_pipeline(options, work_folder, log, context):
    main_pipeline = Pipeline.pipelines['main']

    # Triage
    task_triage = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=triage,
        input=os.path.join(work_folder, 'origin'),
        filter=formatter('(?i)'),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, 'origin.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])

    task_repair_and_parse_pdf = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=repair_and_parse_pdf,
        input=task_triage,
        filter=suffix('.pdf'),
        output='.repaired.pdf',
        output_dir=work_folder,
        extras=[log, context])

    # Split (kwargs for split seems to be broken, so pass plain args)
    task_marker_pages = main_pipeline.split(
        marker_pages,
        task_repair_and_parse_pdf,
        os.path.join(work_folder, '*.marker.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])

    task_ocr_or_skip = main_pipeline.split(
        ocr_or_skip,
        task_marker_pages,
        [os.path.join(work_folder, '*.ocr.page.pdf'),
         os.path.join(work_folder, '*.skip.page.pdf')],
        extras=[log, context])

    # Rasterize preview
    task_rasterize_preview = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=rasterize_preview,
        input=task_ocr_or_skip,
        filter=suffix('.page.pdf'),
        output='.preview.jpg',
        output_dir=work_folder,
        extras=[log, context])
    task_rasterize_preview.active_if(options.rotate_pages)

    # Orient
    task_orient_page = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=orient_page,
        input=[task_ocr_or_skip, task_rasterize_preview],
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(\.ocr|\.skip)(?:\.page\.pdf|\.preview\.jpg)"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1\2.oriented.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])

    # Rasterize actual
    task_rasterize_with_ghostscript = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=rasterize_with_ghostscript,
        input=task_orient_page,
        filter=suffix('.ocr.oriented.pdf'),
        output='.page.png',
        output_dir=work_folder,
        extras=[log, context])

    # Preprocessing subpipeline
    task_preprocess_remove_background = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=preprocess_remove_background,
        input=task_rasterize_with_ghostscript,
        filter=suffix(".page.png"),
        output=".pp-background.png",
        extras=[log, context])

    task_preprocess_deskew = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=preprocess_deskew,
        input=task_preprocess_remove_background,
        filter=suffix(".pp-background.png"),
        output=".pp-deskew.png",
        extras=[log, context])

    task_preprocess_clean = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=preprocess_clean,
        input=task_preprocess_deskew,
        filter=suffix(".pp-deskew.png"),
        output=".pp-clean.png",
        extras=[log, context])

    task_select_ocr_image = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=select_ocr_image,
        input=[task_preprocess_clean],
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(?:\.page|\.pp-.*)\.png"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r"\1.ocr.png"),
        extras=[log, context])

    # HOCR OCR
    task_ocr_tesseract_hocr = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=ocr_tesseract_hocr,
        input=task_select_ocr_image,
        filter=suffix(".ocr.png"),
        output=[".hocr", ".txt"],
        extras=[log, context])
    task_ocr_tesseract_hocr.graphviz(fillcolor='"#00cc66"')
    task_ocr_tesseract_hocr.active_if(options.pdf_renderer == 'hocr')

    task_select_visible_page_image = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=select_visible_page_image,
        input=[task_rasterize_with_ghostscript,
               task_preprocess_remove_background,
               task_preprocess_deskew,
               task_preprocess_clean],
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(?:\.page|\.pp-.*)\.png"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1.image'),
        extras=[log, context])
    task_select_visible_page_image.graphviz(shape='diamond')

    task_select_image_layer = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=select_image_layer,
        input=[task_select_visible_page_image, task_orient_page],
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(?:\.image|\.ocr\.oriented\.pdf)"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1.image-layer.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])
    task_select_image_layer.graphviz(
        fillcolor='"#00cc66"', shape='diamond')

    task_render_hocr_page = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=render_hocr_page,
        input=task_ocr_tesseract_hocr,
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(?:\.hocr)"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1.text.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])
    task_render_hocr_page.graphviz(fillcolor='"#00cc66"')
    task_render_hocr_page.active_if(options.pdf_renderer == 'hocr')

    # Tesseract OCR + text only PDF
    task_ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf,
        input=[task_select_ocr_image],
        filter=regex(r".*/(\d{6})(?:\.ocr.png)"),
        output=[os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1.text.pdf'),
                os.path.join(work_folder, r'\1.text.txt')],
        extras=[log, context])
    task_ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf.graphviz(fillcolor='"#ff69b4"')
    task_ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf.active_if(options.pdf_renderer == 'sandwich')

    task_weave_layers = main_pipeline.collate(
        task_func=weave_layers,
        input=[task_repair_and_parse_pdf,
               task_render_hocr_page,
               task_ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf,
               task_select_image_layer],
        filter=regex(
            r".*/((?:\d{6}(?:\.text\.pdf|\.image-layer\.pdf))|(?:origin\.repaired\.pdf))"),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, r'layers.rendered.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context])
    task_weave_layers.graphviz(fillcolor='"#00cc66"')

    # PDF/A
    task_generate_postscript_stub = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=generate_postscript_stub,
        input=task_repair_and_parse_pdf,
        filter=formatter(r'\.repaired\.pdf'),
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, 'pdfa.ps'),
        extras=[log, context])
    task_generate_postscript_stub.active_if(options.output_type.startswith('pdfa'))

    task_metadata_fixup = main_pipeline.merge(
        task_func=metadata_fixup,
        input=[task_repair_and_parse_pdf,
               task_weave_layers,
               task_generate_postscript_stub],
        output=os.path.join(work_folder, 'metafix.pdf'),
        extras=[log, context]
    )

    task_merge_sidecars = main_pipeline.merge(
        task_func=merge_sidecars,
        input=[task_ocr_tesseract_hocr,
               task_ocr_tesseract_textonly_pdf],
        output=options.sidecar,
        extras=[log, context])
    task_merge_sidecars.active_if(options.sidecar)

    # Optimize
    task_optimize_pdf = main_pipeline.transform(
        task_func=optimize_pdf,
        input=task_metadata_fixup,
        filter=suffix('.pdf'),
        output='.optimized.pdf',
        output_dir=work_folder,
        extras=[log, context])

    # Finalize
    main_pipeline.merge(
        task_func=copy_final,
        input=[task_optimize_pdf],
        output=options.output_file,
        extras=[log, context])