:ref:`MPI_Alltoall`, :ref:`MPI_Ialltoall`, :ref:`MPI_Alltoall_init` - All processes send data to all processes
#include <mpi.h>
int MPI_Alltoall(const void *sendbuf, int sendcount,
MPI_Datatype sendtype, void *recvbuf, int recvcount,
MPI_Datatype recvtype, MPI_Comm comm)
int MPI_Ialltoall(const void *sendbuf, int sendcount,
MPI_Datatype sendtype, void *recvbuf, int recvcount,
MPI_Datatype recvtype, MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Request *request)
int MPI_Alltoall_init(const void *sendbuf, int sendcount,
MPI_Datatype sendtype, void *recvbuf, int recvcount,
MPI_Datatype recvtype, MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Info info, MPI_Request *request)USE MPI
! or the older form: INCLUDE 'mpif.h'
MPI_ALLTOALL(SENDBUF, SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVBUF, RECVCOUNT,
RECVTYPE, COMM, IERROR)
<type> SENDBUF(*), RECVBUF(*)
INTEGER SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVCOUNT, RECVTYPE
INTEGER COMM, IERROR
MPI_IALLTOALL(SENDBUF, SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVBUF, RECVCOUNT,
RECVTYPE, COMM, REQUEST, IERROR)
<type> SENDBUF(*), RECVBUF(*)
INTEGER SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVCOUNT, RECVTYPE
INTEGER COMM, REQUEST, IERROR
MPI_ALLTOALL_INIT(SENDBUF, SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVBUF, RECVCOUNT,
RECVTYPE, COMM, INFO, REQUEST, IERROR)
<type> SENDBUF(*), RECVBUF(*)
INTEGER SENDCOUNT, SENDTYPE, RECVCOUNT, RECVTYPE
INTEGER COMM, INFO, REQUEST, IERRORUSE mpi_f08
MPI_Alltoall(sendbuf, sendcount, sendtype, recvbuf, recvcount, recvtype,
comm, ierror)
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..), INTENT(IN) :: sendbuf
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..) :: recvbuf
INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: sendcount, recvcount
TYPE(MPI_Datatype), INTENT(IN) :: sendtype, recvtype
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierror
MPI_Ialltoall(sendbuf, sendcount, sendtype, recvbuf, recvcount, recvtype,
comm, request, ierror)
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..), INTENT(IN), ASYNCHRONOUS :: sendbuf
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..), ASYNCHRONOUS :: recvbuf
INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: sendcount, recvcount
TYPE(MPI_Datatype), INTENT(IN) :: sendtype, recvtype
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
TYPE(MPI_Request), INTENT(OUT) :: request
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierror
MPI_Alltoall_init(sendbuf, sendcount, sendtype, recvbuf, recvcount, recvtype,
comm, info, request, ierror)
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..), INTENT(IN), ASYNCHRONOUS :: sendbuf
TYPE(*), DIMENSION(..), ASYNCHRONOUS :: recvbuf
INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: sendcount, recvcount
TYPE(MPI_Datatype), INTENT(IN) :: sendtype, recvtype
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
TYPE(MPI_Info), INTENT(IN) :: info
TYPE(MPI_Request), INTENT(OUT) :: request
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierrorsendbuf: Starting address of send buffer (choice).sendcount: Number of elements to send to each process (integer).sendtype: Datatype of send buffer elements (handle).recvcount: Number of elements to receive from each process (integer).recvtype: Datatype of receive buffer elements (handle).comm: Communicator over which data is to be exchanged (handle).info: Info (handle, persistent only)
recvbuf: Starting address of receive buffer (choice).request: Request (handle, non-blocking only).ierror: Fortran only: Error status (integer).
:ref:`MPI_Alltoall` is a collective operation in which all processes send the same amount of data to each other, and receive the same amount of data from each other. The operation of this routine can be represented as follows, where each process performs 2n (n being the number of processes in communicator comm) independent point-to-point communications (including communication with itself).
MPI_Comm_size(comm, &n);
for (i = 0, i < n; i++)
MPI_Send(sendbuf + i * sendcount * extent(sendtype),
sendcount, sendtype, i, ..., comm);
for (i = 0, i < n; i++)
MPI_Recv(recvbuf + i * recvcount * extent(recvtype),
recvcount, recvtype, i, ..., comm);Each process breaks up its local sendbuf into n blocks - each containing sendcount elements of type sendtype - and divides its recvbuf similarly according to recvcount and recvtype. Process j sends the k-th block of its local sendbuf to process k, which places the data in the j-th block of its local recvbuf. The amount of data sent must be equal to the amount of data received, pairwise, between every pair of processes.
WHEN COMMUNICATOR IS AN INTER-COMMUNICATOR
When the communicator is an inter-communicator, the gather operation occurs in two phases. The data is gathered from all the members of the first group and received by all the members of the second group. Then the data is gathered from all the members of the second group and received by all the members of the first. The operation exhibits a symmetric, full-duplex behavior.
The first group defines the root process. The root process uses MPI_ROOT
as the value of root. All other processes in the first group use
MPI_PROC_NULL as the value of root. All processes in the second group
use the rank of the root process in the first group as the value of
root.
When the communicator is an intra-communicator, these groups are the same, and the operation occurs in a single phase.
When the communicator is an intracommunicator, you can perform an all-to-all operation in-place (the output buffer is used as the input buffer). Use the variable MPI_IN_PLACE as the value of sendbuf. In this case, sendcount and sendtype are ignored. The input data of each process is assumed to be in the area where that process would receive its own contribution to the receive buffer.
All arguments on all processes are significant. The comm argument, in particular, must describe the same communicator on all processes.
There are two MPI library functions that are more general than :ref:`MPI_Alltoall`. :ref:`MPI_Alltoallv` allows all-to-all communication to and from buffers that need not be contiguous; different processes may send and receive different amounts of data. :ref:`MPI_Alltoallw` expands :ref:`MPI_Alltoallv`'s functionality to allow the exchange of data with different datatypes.
.. seealso::
* :ref:`MPI_Alltoallv`
* :ref:`MPI_Alltoallw`