opentok-2.10.0.tgz: 10 vulnerabilities (highest severity is: 9.8)

[mend-for-github-com]

Vulnerable Library - opentok-2.10.0.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/node_modules/semver/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/node_modules/semver/package.json

Vulnerabilities

CVE	Severity	CVSS	Exploit Maturity	EPSS	Dependency	Type	Fixed in (opentok version)	Remediation Possible**	Reachability
CVE-2023-26136	Critical	9.8	Not Defined	0.1%	tough-cookie-2.5.0.tgz	Transitive	2.17.0	✅
CVE-2021-3918	Critical	9.8	Not Defined	0.4%	json-schema-0.2.3.tgz	Transitive	2.11.0	✅
CVE-2022-23539	High	8.1	Not Defined	0.1%	jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz	Transitive	2.15.2	✅
CVE-2022-23540	High	7.6	Not Defined	0.1%	jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz	Transitive	2.15.2	✅
CVE-2022-25883	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.1%	semver-5.7.1.tgz	Transitive	2.15.0	✅
CVE-2022-24999	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.9%	qs-6.5.2.tgz	Transitive	2.11.0	✅
CVE-2021-23337	High	7.2	Not Defined	0.6%	lodash-4.17.20.tgz	Transitive	2.11.0	✅
CVE-2022-23541	Medium	6.3	Not Defined	0.1%	jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz	Transitive	2.15.2	✅
CVE-2023-28155	Medium	6.1	Not Defined	0.1%	request-2.88.2.tgz	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2020-28500	Medium	5.3	Not Defined	0.2%	lodash-4.17.20.tgz	Transitive	2.11.0	✅

*For some transitive vulnerabilities, there is no version of direct dependency with a fix. Check the "Details" section below to see if there is a version of transitive dependency where vulnerability is fixed.

**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation

Details

CVE-2023-26136

Vulnerable Library - tough-cookie-2.5.0.tgz

RFC6265 Cookies and Cookie Jar for node.js

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/tough-cookie/-/tough-cookie-2.5.0.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/tough-cookie/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/tough-cookie/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • request-2.88.2.tgz
    • ❌ tough-cookie-2.5.0.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Versions of the package tough-cookie before 4.1.3 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution due to improper handling of Cookies when using CookieJar in rejectPublicSuffixes=false mode. This issue arises from the manner in which the objects are initialized.

Publish Date: 2023-07-01

URL: CVE-2023-26136

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (9.8)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: High
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26136

Release Date: 2023-07-01

Fix Resolution (tough-cookie): 4.1.3

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.17.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2021-3918

Vulnerable Library - json-schema-0.2.3.tgz

JSON Schema validation and specifications

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/json-schema/-/json-schema-0.2.3.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/json-schema/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/json-schema/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • request-2.88.2.tgz
    • http-signature-1.2.0.tgz
      • jsprim-1.4.1.tgz
        • ❌ json-schema-0.2.3.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

json-schema is vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

Publish Date: 2021-11-13

URL: CVE-2021-3918

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.4%

CVSS 3 Score Details (9.8)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: High
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3918

Release Date: 2021-11-13

Fix Resolution (json-schema): 0.4.0

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.11.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2022-23539

Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

JSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Versions <=8.5.1 of jsonwebtoken library could be misconfigured so that legacy, insecure key types are used for signature verification. For example, DSA keys could be used with the RS256 algorithm. You are affected if you are using an algorithm and a key type other than a combination listed in the GitHub Security Advisory as unaffected. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0. This version validates for asymmetric key type and algorithm combinations. Please refer to the above mentioned algorithm / key type combinations for the valid secure configuration. After updating to version 9.0.0, if you still intend to continue with signing or verifying tokens using invalid key type/algorithm value combinations, you’ll need to set the allowInvalidAsymmetricKeyTypes option to true in the sign() and/or verify() functions.

Publish Date: 2022-12-23

URL: CVE-2022-23539

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (8.1)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: Low
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: High
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-8cf7-32gw-wr33

Release Date: 2022-12-23

Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.15.2

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2022-23540

Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

JSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

In versions <=8.5.1 of jsonwebtoken library, lack of algorithm definition in the jwt.verify() function can lead to signature validation bypass due to defaulting to the none algorithm for signature verification. Users are affected if you do not specify algorithms in the jwt.verify() function. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0 which removes the default support for the none algorithm in the jwt.verify() method. There will be no impact, if you update to version 9.0.0 and you don’t need to allow for the none algorithm. If you need 'none' algorithm, you have to explicitly specify that in jwt.verify() options.

Publish Date: 2022-12-22

URL: CVE-2022-23540

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.6)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: Low
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: Low
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-23540

Release Date: 2022-12-22

Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.15.2

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2022-25883

Vulnerable Library - semver-5.7.1.tgz

The semantic version parser used by npm.

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-5.7.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/node_modules/semver/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/node_modules/semver/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz
    • ❌ semver-5.7.1.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Versions of the package semver before 7.5.2 are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via the function new Range, when untrusted user data is provided as a range.

Publish Date: 2023-06-21

URL: CVE-2022-25883

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-c2qf-rxjj-qqgw

Release Date: 2023-06-21

Fix Resolution (semver): 5.7.2

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.15.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2022-24999

Vulnerable Library - qs-6.5.2.tgz

A querystring parser that supports nesting and arrays, with a depth limit

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/qs/-/qs-6.5.2.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • request-2.88.2.tgz
    • ❌ qs-6.5.2.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

qs before 6.10.3, as used in Express before 4.17.3 and other products, allows attackers to cause a Node process hang for an Express application because an __ proto__ key can be used. In many typical Express use cases, an unauthenticated remote attacker can place the attack payload in the query string of the URL that is used to visit the application, such as a[proto]=b&a[proto]&a[length]=100000000. The fix was backported to qs 6.9.7, 6.8.3, 6.7.3, 6.6.1, 6.5.3, 6.4.1, 6.3.3, and 6.2.4 (and therefore Express 4.17.3, which has "deps: qs@6.9.7" in its release description, is not vulnerable).

Publish Date: 2022-11-26

URL: CVE-2022-24999

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.9%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-24999

Release Date: 2022-11-26

Fix Resolution (qs): 6.5.3

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.11.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2021-23337

Vulnerable Library - lodash-4.17.20.tgz

Lodash modular utilities.

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash/-/lodash-4.17.20.tgz

Path to dependency file: /proctoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /proctoring/node_modules/opentok/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/tutoring/node_modules/opentok/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/opentok-token/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/tutoring/node_modules/opentok-token/node_modules/lodash/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ lodash-4.17.20.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Lodash versions prior to 4.17.21 are vulnerable to Command Injection via the template function.

Publish Date: 2021-02-15

URL: CVE-2021-23337

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.6%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.2)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: High
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: High
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-35jh-r3h4-6jhm

Release Date: 2021-02-15

Fix Resolution (lodash): 4.17.21

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.11.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2022-23541

Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

JSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /tutoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /tutoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ jsonwebtoken-8.5.1.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

jsonwebtoken is an implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Versions <= 8.5.1 of jsonwebtoken library can be misconfigured so that passing a poorly implemented key retrieval function referring to the secretOrPublicKey argument from the readme link will result in incorrect verification of tokens. There is a possibility of using a different algorithm and key combination in verification, other than the one that was used to sign the tokens. Specifically, tokens signed with an asymmetric public key could be verified with a symmetric HS256 algorithm. This can lead to successful validation of forged tokens. If your application is supporting usage of both symmetric key and asymmetric key in jwt.verify() implementation with the same key retrieval function. This issue has been patched, please update to version 9.0.0.

Publish Date: 2022-12-22

URL: CVE-2022-23541

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (6.3)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: Low
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: Low
  • Integrity Impact: Low
  • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-hjrf-2m68-5959

Release Date: 2022-12-22

Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.15.2

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2023-28155

Vulnerable Library - request-2.88.2.tgz

Simplified HTTP request client.

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/request/-/request-2.88.2.tgz

Path to dependency file: /proctoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /proctoring/node_modules/request/package.json,/tutoring/node_modules/request/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ request-2.88.2.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

The request package through 2.88.2 for Node.js and the @cypress/request package prior to 3.0.0 allow a bypass of SSRF mitigations via an attacker-controller server that does a cross-protocol redirect (HTTP to HTTPS, or HTTPS to HTTP).NOTE: The request package is no longer supported by the maintainer.

Publish Date: 2023-03-16

URL: CVE-2023-28155

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (6.1)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: Required
  • Scope: Changed
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: Low
  • Integrity Impact: Low
  • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-p8p7-x288-28g6

Release Date: 2023-03-16

Fix Resolution: @cypress/request - 3.0.0

CVE-2020-28500

Vulnerable Library - lodash-4.17.20.tgz

Lodash modular utilities.

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash/-/lodash-4.17.20.tgz

Path to dependency file: /proctoring/package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /proctoring/node_modules/opentok/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/tutoring/node_modules/opentok/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/proctoring/node_modules/opentok-token/node_modules/lodash/package.json,/tutoring/node_modules/opentok-token/node_modules/lodash/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• opentok-2.10.0.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ lodash-4.17.20.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Lodash versions prior to 4.17.21 are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via the toNumber, trim and trimEnd functions.

Publish Date: 2021-02-15

URL: CVE-2020-28500

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.2%

CVSS 3 Score Details (5.3)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-28500

Release Date: 2021-02-15

Fix Resolution (lodash): 4.17.21

Direct dependency fix Resolution (opentok): 2.11.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

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⛑️Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.