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            <title>P. Koeln. 8 327</title>
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                  <idno type="invNo">Cologne, Papyrussammlung P. 20941</idno>
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                           <p>papyrus roll (columns: 4, written lines: 35, 36, pagination: 0)</p>
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                     <origPlace>Found: Herakleopolites (Egypt); written: Egypt</origPlace>
                     <origDate notBefore="-0250" notAfter="-0151" precision="low">2. Hälfte III - 1. Hälfte II v. Chr.</origDate>
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                                   ref="https://www.trismegistos.org/place/2713">Herakleopolites</placeName>
                        <placeName type="ancient" subtype="region">Egypt</placeName>
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                        <placeName type="ancient" subtype="region">Egypt</placeName>
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               <term>prose medicine</term>
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               <term type="overview">Erasistratos?; medicinal treatise on fever</term>
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         <div type="commentary" subtype="frontmatter" xml:space="preserve"><p>Medical treatise. Fragment (16.7 x 26 cm) of a papyrus roll cut in the shape of a half-circle to fit over the chest of a human mummy. <emph rend="italics">Recto</emph> bears remains of six columns of writing: coll. II-III are almost complete, while coll. I and IV appear to be more severely damaged. The other two columns (V-VI) preserve no more than a few lines each. Top and bottom margin of ca. 2.5. cm have survived. <emph rend="italics">Paragraphoi</emph> and double-dots regularly mark the end of a textual section or indicate a sense break within it (coll. I, 17, 31; II, 23, 29; III, 11, 18, 22, 25, 33). Stichometric signs are systematically employed: every 20 lines a dot is inserted in the left margin; at col. IV, l. 1 an <emph rend="italics">omega</emph> expresses the line number (most probably 4800 and not 2400, see <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/14792">Römer 1997</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 3-4 [= P. Köln 8.327]). The papyrus contains an unknown medical text, describing symptoms and causes of high fevers; the clinical presentation perfectly overlaps with that of burning fevers (καυσώδεις πυρετοί, see Gal. <emph rend="italics">Def.med</emph>. 188 [19, 399 K]). For this reason, the fragment was probably part of a lost treatise Περὶ καυσωδῶν πυρετῶν or, more simply, Περὶ πυρετῶν. Contents and stylistic features may suggest a tentative attribution to Erasistratus or his school (see <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/14792">Römer 1997</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 8-11). The script is an elegant Ptolemaic bookhand dating back to the early 2nd or late 3rd cent. BC.</p></div>
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<lb n="7"/>πυκνότερον γίνεσθαι·
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<lb n="12"/>σφοδροτάτην ἐν τού
<lb n="13" break="no"/>τοις τοῖς πυρετοῖς, ἐπει
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<lb n="15" break="no"/>ραίνειν πέφυκεν· καὶ ἐ
<lb n="16" break="no"/>πειδὴ μᾶλλον χειμαινο
<lb n="17" break="no"/>μένων τῶν περὶ τὸν πλεύ
<lb n="18" break="no"/>μονα καὶ τὴν καρδίαν
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<lb n="30"/>φλεγμονῆς τ'ἐνούσης
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<lb n="32" break="no"/>τικῇ διατελεῖν ἐνοῦ
<lb n="33" break="no"/>σαν καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ καύμα
<lb n="34" break="no"/>τος πολλοῦ ἐνόντος αἴ
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<lb n="1"/>λεπτοὺς καὶ ταραχώ
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<lb n="7" break="no"/>τοῖς</lem><rdg><supplied reason="lost">ὃ ἐπὶ</supplied> <unclear>τ</unclear>ὸ πολύ<lb n="5" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">συμβαίνει γ</supplied><unclear>ί</unclear>νεσθαι<lb n="6" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ἐ</supplied><unclear>ν</unclear> <unclear>τοῖς</unclear> <supplied reason="lost">π</supplied><unclear>ερ</unclear>ιυγροῦσι πυρε<lb n="7" break="no"/>τοῖς</rdg></app>, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ὑγρόν
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<lb n="9"/>οὔτε ἀναμεμειγμένον
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<lb n="23"/>οὐδὲ διὰ τῶν ὑγρῶν ῥαι
<lb n="24" break="no"/>δίως ἔσται τὸ πνεῦμα δι
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<lb n="26" break="no"/>τερον ἔσται τὸ σῶμα· καὶ
<lb n="27"/>ἅμα τῆι τῆς θερμασίας
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<lb n="34"/>καὶ μὴ εὔχρουν εἶναι πολ
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<lb n="1"/>πυρετοὶ ἅμα χρονιώ
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               <item corresp="#div1-lb19" xml:space="preserve"><ref>col. i, l. 17</ref> <p>: ετι pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div1-lb29" xml:space="preserve"><ref>27</ref> <p>[ἐρυσι]π̣έλατι: ἐρυσίπελας (‘erysipelas’, LSJ) is a purulent inflammation affecting the internal organs, including liver (see <emph rend="italics">e.g.</emph> Gal. <emph rend="italics">Loc.aff</emph>. 5.7 [8, 348-9 K]).</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div1-lb33" xml:space="preserve"><ref>31</ref> <p>: την pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div2-lb5" xml:space="preserve"><ref>col. i, l. 34 - col. ii, l. 3</ref> <p>[ἐ]πειδὴ ὁ σφυ[γμὸς ἐκ τ]ῆς θερμασίας [τῆς ἐ]ν τῶι πυρέσσειν [γινομένης ἐστὶ]ν̣ μεί[ζων τοῦ κατὰ φύσιν]: see Gal. <emph rend="italics">Caus.puls</emph>. 10 (9, 48 K) and P. Mil. 1.18 with <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/53719">Gronewald 1980</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 56.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div2-lb28" xml:space="preserve"><ref>col. ii, ll. 25-6</ref> <p>The <emph rend="italics">iunctura</emph> ἐπιθυμετικοὶ τόποι has so far not been attested. Philosophers and physicians usually situate the ἐπιθυμητικόν (i.e. that part of the soul which is the seat of the desires and affections) in a specific place: see Pl. <emph rend="italics">Ti</emph>. 70d-e; Gal. <emph rend="italics">Plac. Hipp. et Plat</emph>. 3.1.14-5 (CMG 5.4.1.2, 170 De Lacy).</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div2-lb38" xml:space="preserve"><ref>36</ref> <p>και : pap. The purpose of the double dots at the end of the line is unclear, see <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/14792">Römer 1997</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 3, 23.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb6" xml:space="preserve"><ref>col. iii, 4-6</ref> <p>[ὃ ἐπὶ] τὸ πολύ [συμβαίνει γ]ί̣νεσθαι [ἐ]ν̣ τ̣ο̣ῖ̣ς̣ [π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι πυρετοῖς: see P. Mil. 1.18 with <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/53719">Gronewald 1980</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 56.
6: The diacritic sign χ is generally employed to point out unusual words and forms. Here it most probably refers to [π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι, a dative form from περιυγρέω (‘to be completely wet’; not recorded in LSJ); see <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/14792">Römer 1997</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 23.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb14" xml:space="preserve"><ref>11</ref> <p>: φρικας pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb21" xml:space="preserve"><ref>18</ref> <p>: και pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb28" xml:space="preserve"><ref>25</ref> <p>: ωστε pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb35" xml:space="preserve"><ref>32</ref> <p>ωστ’ pap.</p></item>
               <item corresp="#div3-lb36" xml:space="preserve"><ref>33</ref> <p>: ετι pap.</p></item>
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                  <title level="s" type="abbreviated">P. Köln Gr.</title>
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                  <author>Erasistratus</author>
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               <bibl type="printed">P.Köln 08 pl.XXVI</bibl>
               <bibl type="printed">H. Froschauer - C. Römer, Zwischen Magie und Wissenschaft, Nilus 13, 2007, p. 133 Farbabb. 1</bibl>
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