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            <title>P. Oxy. 31 2547</title>
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            © Digital Corpus of Literary Papyri. This work is licensed under a
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                  <idno type="invNo">London, Wellcome Foundation Library Ms. 5754</idno>
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                  <origin>
                     <origPlace>Fundort: Oxyrhynchos (Oxyrhynchites, Egypt); Schreibort: Egypt</origPlace>
                     <origDate notBefore="0350" notAfter="0399">350 - 399</origDate>
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               <term n="3" type="culture">science</term>
               <term n="4">prose</term>
               <term n="5">medicine</term>
               <term n="6" type="overview">Hippocrates; oath 4.8-18</term>
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          Extract from the Hippocratic Oath (London, Wellcome Foundation Library Ms. 5754). Papyrus fragment (5,2x10,5cm) which comprises the upper right-hand part of a column writing. On the recto which is of coarse quality, a documentary text can be read that is as yet unedited due to its bad preservation. The hand, however, can be identified as a sloping cursive of an official and therefore, the recto can be dated to the end of the third or the beginning of the fourth century AD. The text of the verso is written across the fibres and upside down in relation to the recto; only the right halves of 15 lines are preserved which originally contained between 26 and 31 letters each. The papyrus also exhibits the upper margin which amounts to 2,3cm. Concerning the Greek text, there are a couple of orthographic mistakes as well as a mix between ionic (e.g. ἀκροήσιος (l. 1), μαθήσιο̣ς (l. 2) and [ξυμβου]λίην (l. 12)) and non-ionic/
          <emph rend="italics">Koiné</emph>
          forms (e.g. ἐμοῖς (l. 3), μαθηταῖς (l. 4) and οὐθε[νί] (l. 6)). Moreover,
          <emph rend="italics">iota mutum</emph>
          is adscribed, filler signs are used to adapt the endings of ll. 4 and 10 and two little empty spaces are found after word end in ll. 8 and 11 which might indicate a break in the train of thought. The fragment contains a version of Hp.
          <emph rend="italics">Jusj.</emph>
          1-4 which diverges widely from the medieval MS-tradition. This passage of the
          <emph rend="italics">Oath</emph>
          deals with the transfer of medical knowledge, the doctor's obligations towards his patients and the refusal of euthanasia as well as abortion. The handwriting can be described as upright, clear, careful, irregular in letter sizes and far from fluent which points to an unpractised scribe. This conclusion led Chadwick to suspect that the papyrus was actually a copy probably written on a single sheet for the purpose of an oath-taking ceremony, while Manetti just affirms that it probably didn't have a literary use. Considering all features of this papyrus, it might be dated to the fourth century AD.
        </p>
        <p>
          <note type="footnote" xml:lang="en">This papyrus has been digitally edited by Marcel Moser as part of the Project "DIGMEDTEXT - Online Humanities Scholarship: A Digital Medical Library based on Ancient Texts" (ERC-AdG-2013, Grant Agreement no. 339828) funded by the European Research Council at the University of Parma (Principal Investigator: Prof. Isabella Andorlini). The digital edition is mostly based on the previous editions (ed.pr. = J.W.B. Barns, P.Oxy. XXXI 2547; D. Manetti, CPF 1.2.1 18 20; corr. S. Ihm, "Drei Anmerkungen zum hippokratischen Eid", in "Le normal et le pathologique dans la Collection hippocratique", eds. A. Thivel - A. Zucker, Nice 2002, II, pp. 671-92).</note>
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<ab>
<lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost">παραγγελίης τε κα</supplied>ὶ ἀκροήσιος καὶ
<lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost">τῆς λοιπῆς ἁπάσης</supplied> μαθήσι<unclear>ο</unclear>ς μετά 
<lb n="3" break="no" xml:id="lb3"/><supplied reason="lost">δοσιν</supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character" precision="low"/> <supplied reason="lost">υἱοῖ</supplied>ς τε ἐμοῖς κα<unclear>ὶ</unclear> τ<unclear>ο</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ῖς</supplied>
<lb n="4" xml:id="lb4"/><supplied reason="lost">τοῦ ἐμὲ διδάξαντος</supplied> <unclear>κ</unclear>αὶ μαθηταῖς <g type="diple"/>
<lb n="5"/><supplied reason="lost">συγγεγραμμένοις τε</supplied> καὶ ἐφωρκισμέ 
<lb n="6" break="no" xml:id="lb6"/><supplied reason="lost">νοις νόμωι ἰητρικῶι,</supplied> <choice><reg>ἄλλῳ</reg><orig>ἄλλωι</orig></choice> δὲ οὐθε 
<lb n="7" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">νί, διαιτήμασί τ</supplied>ε πᾶσι <app type="editorial"><lem resp="ed.alt.">χρήσομαι</lem><rdg resp="ed.pr."><choice><reg>χρήσομαι</reg><orig>χρήσομ<unclear>ε</unclear></orig></choice></rdg></app>
<lb n="8" xml:id="lb8"/><supplied reason="lost">ἐπ' ὠφελείηι καμνόν</supplied>των· ἐπ' <choice><reg>ὀλέθρῳ</reg><orig>ὀλέθρωι</orig></choice>
<lb n="9"/><app type="editorial"><lem><gap reason="lost" quantity="14" unit="character" precision="low"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>εξω</lem><rdg resp="ed.pr."><supplied reason="lost">δὲ</supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost">οὐ πα</supplied><unclear>ρ</unclear>έξω</rdg><rdg resp="Ihm 2002"><supplied reason="lost">δὲ καὶ ἀδικίῃ ἀ</supplied><unclear>φ</unclear>έξω</rdg></app> κατὰ γνώ 
<lb n="10" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">μην ἐμήν, οὐ δώσω δὲ ο</supplied>ὐδενὶ φάρμα <g type="diple"/> 
<lb n="11" break="no" xml:id="lb11"/><supplied reason="lost">κον αἰτηθεὶς θανάσ</supplied>ιμον οὐδὲ κ<unclear>α</unclear> 
<lb n="12" break="no" xml:id="lb12"/><supplied reason="lost">θηγήσομαι ξυμβου</supplied>λίην τ<supplied reason="lost">οι</supplied>ή<supplied reason="omitted">ν</supplied><unclear>δε</unclear> 
<lb n="13"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="15" unit="character" precision="low"/> πεσσὸν <supplied reason="lost">φ</supplied>θόρι<unclear>ο</unclear>ν
<lb n="14" xml:id="lb14"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="16" unit="character" precision="low"/>ως κα<supplied reason="lost">ὶ εὐ</supplied><unclear>σ</unclear>εβ<unclear>ῶ</unclear>ς
<lb n="15"/><app type="editorial"><lem resp="ed.alt."><supplied reason="lost">διατηρήσω βίον</supplied> <unclear>ἐ</unclear>μ<supplied reason="lost">ὸν</supplied></lem><rdg resp="ed.pr."><supplied reason="lost">βίον τὸν ἐμὸν διατη</supplied><unclear>ρ</unclear>ή<supplied reason="lost">σω</supplied></rdg></app> <supplied reason="lost">κ</supplied><unclear>α</unclear>ὶ τ<unclear>έ</unclear>
<lb n="16" break="no" xml:id="lb16"/><supplied reason="lost">χνην</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="16"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/> 
</ab>
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         <div type="commentary" subtype="linebyline">
            <list>
               <item corresp="#lb3" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>3</ref>
            <p>
              Behind μετά-[δοσιν] Barns suggests to supply ποιήσειν which is also found in the first sentence of the
              <emph rend="italics">Oath</emph>
              , because ποιήσασθαι conveyed by the MSS-tradition is too long. Manetti, however, refutes this form, since the active form is not idiomatic, and instead wants to supply ποιεῖσθαι.
            </p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb4" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>3-4</ref>
            <p>
              The rest of the tradition transmits the datives with an additional
              <emph rend="italics">iota</emph>
              (υἱοῖσι ... ἐμοῖσι ... τοῖσι ... μαθηταῖσι).
            </p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb6" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>5-6</ref>
            <p>
              Most MSS convey the simple form of the verb, namely ὡρκισμένοις, while only the papyrus exhibits the compound ἐφωρκισμέ-[νοις]. In general, this compund is the exact opposite of the simple one meaning 'to swear falsely', but there are instances of this form being used in the same meaning like the simple one (e.g. Lys. 10.17). Therefore, the papyrus might transmit a
              <emph rend="italics">lectio difficilior</emph>
              .
            </p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb8" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>6-7</ref>
            <p>
              Only the papyrus has οὐθε-[νὶ] with
              <emph rend="italics">theta</emph>
              here (regular: οὐδενί).
            </p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb11" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>8</ref>
            <p>After καμνόντων the papyrus omits κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ κρίσιν ἐμήν found in the majority in this place. Furthermore, instead of ὀλέθρωι, the medieval tradition conveys the ionic form δηλήσει.</p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb12" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>9</ref>
            <p>The medieval tradition conveys the syntactically suspicious δὲ καὶ ἀδικίῃ εἴρξειν which has often been discussed. Also the readable rests of the papyrus show signs of a probably deep-seated corruption.</p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb14" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>10</ref>
            <p>Most MSS convey οὐδὲ instead of οὐδενὶ.</p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb16" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>11-12</ref>
            <p>Instead of κα-[θηγήσομαι], the whole medieval tradition exhibits ὑφηγήσομαι.</p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb19" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>13-14</ref>
            <p>The majority read ὁμοίως δὲ οὐδὲ γυναικὶ πεσσὸν φθόριον δώσω, but the gap seems too short for this insertion. Therefore, Chadwick suggested [οὐδὲ γυναικὶ δώσω], while Manetti deems another change of word order possible: [ὁμοίως δὲ οὐδὲ] πεσσὸν [φ]θόριον - [γυναικὶ δώσω. vac.]</p>
          </item>
               <item corresp="#lb20" xml:space="preserve">
            <ref>14</ref>
            <p>All MSS transmit the adverbs ἁγνῶς καὶ ὁσίως, one of which might have been written in the lacuna.</p>
          </item>
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                  <title level="s" type="abbreviated">P. Oxy.</title>
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                  <biblScope n="1" unit="number">2547</biblScope>
                  <biblScope n="2" unit="volume">31</biblScope>
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                  <author xml:lang="grc"
                          ref="http://data.perseus.org/catalog/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0627">Hippocrates</author>
                  <title type="main"
                         level="m"
                         ref="http://www.trismegistos.org/authorwork/3450">oath of Hippocrates</title>
               </bibl>
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         <div type="bibliography" subtype="illustrations">
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               <bibl type="printed" n="1">P. Oxy. 31 pl.II</bibl>
               <bibl type="printed" n="2">V. Nutton, Ancient Medicine, London 2004, fig. 4.4</bibl>
               <bibl type="printed" n="3">C. Schubert, Der hippokratische Eid. Medizin und Ethik der Antike bis heute, Darmstadt 2005, p. 1-2</bibl>
               <bibl type="printed" n="4">CPF pl. 127</bibl>
               <bibl type="online">
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