forked from scipy/scipy
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test_distributions.py
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test_distributions.py
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""" Test functions for stats module
"""
from __future__ import division, print_function, absolute_import
from numpy.testing import TestCase, run_module_suite, assert_equal, \
assert_array_equal, assert_almost_equal, assert_array_almost_equal, \
assert_allclose, assert_, assert_raises, rand, dec
from numpy.testing.utils import WarningManager
import numpy
import numpy as np
from numpy import typecodes, array
import scipy.stats as stats
from scipy.stats.distributions import argsreduce
import warnings
def kolmogorov_check(diststr, args=(), N=20, significance=0.01):
qtest = stats.ksoneisf(significance, N)
cdf = eval('stats.'+diststr+'.cdf')
dist = eval('stats.'+diststr)
# Get random numbers
kwds = {'size':N}
vals = numpy.sort(dist.rvs(*args, **kwds))
cdfvals = cdf(vals, *args)
q = max(abs(cdfvals - np.arange(1.0, N+1)/N))
assert_(q < qtest, msg="Failed q=%f, bound=%f, alpha=%f" % (q, qtest, significance))
return
# generate test cases to test cdf and distribution consistency
dists = ['uniform','norm','lognorm','expon','beta',
'powerlaw','bradford','burr','fisk','cauchy','halfcauchy',
'foldcauchy','gamma','gengamma','loggamma',
'alpha','anglit','arcsine','betaprime','erlang',
'dgamma','exponweib','exponpow','frechet_l','frechet_r',
'gilbrat','f','ncf','chi2','chi','nakagami','genpareto',
'genextreme','genhalflogistic','pareto','lomax','halfnorm',
'halflogistic','fatiguelife','foldnorm','ncx2','t','nct',
'weibull_min','weibull_max','dweibull','maxwell','rayleigh',
'genlogistic', 'logistic','gumbel_l','gumbel_r','gompertz',
'hypsecant', 'laplace', 'reciprocal','triang','tukeylambda',
'vonmises', 'pearson3']
# check function for test generator
def check_distribution(dist, args, alpha):
D,pval = stats.kstest(dist,'', args=args, N=1000)
if (pval < alpha):
D,pval = stats.kstest(dist,'',args=args, N=1000)
#if (pval < alpha):
# D,pval = stats.kstest(dist,'',args=args, N=1000)
assert_(pval > alpha, msg="D = " + str(D) + "; pval = " + str(pval) + \
"; alpha = " + str(alpha) + "\nargs = " + str(args))
# nose test generator
def test_all_distributions():
for dist in dists:
distfunc = getattr(stats, dist)
nargs = distfunc.numargs
alpha = 0.01
if dist == 'fatiguelife':
alpha = 0.001
if dist == 'erlang':
args = (4,)+tuple(rand(2))
elif dist == 'frechet':
args = tuple(2*rand(1))+(0,)+tuple(2*rand(2))
elif dist == 'triang':
args = tuple(rand(nargs))
elif dist == 'reciprocal':
vals = rand(nargs)
vals[1] = vals[0] + 1.0
args = tuple(vals)
elif dist == 'vonmises':
yield check_distribution, dist, (10,), alpha
yield check_distribution, dist, (101,), alpha
args = tuple(1.0+rand(nargs))
else:
args = tuple(1.0+rand(nargs))
yield check_distribution, dist, args, alpha
def check_vonmises_pdf_periodic(k,l,s,x):
vm = stats.vonmises(k,loc=l,scale=s)
assert_almost_equal(vm.pdf(x),vm.pdf(x%(2*numpy.pi*s)))
def check_vonmises_cdf_periodic(k,l,s,x):
vm = stats.vonmises(k,loc=l,scale=s)
assert_almost_equal(vm.cdf(x)%1,vm.cdf(x%(2*numpy.pi*s))%1)
def test_vonmises_pdf_periodic():
for k in [0.1, 1, 101]:
for x in [0,1,numpy.pi,10,100]:
yield check_vonmises_pdf_periodic, k, 0, 1, x
yield check_vonmises_pdf_periodic, k, 1, 1, x
yield check_vonmises_pdf_periodic, k, 0, 10, x
yield check_vonmises_cdf_periodic, k, 0, 1, x
yield check_vonmises_cdf_periodic, k, 1, 1, x
yield check_vonmises_cdf_periodic, k, 0, 10, x
class TestRandInt(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.randint.rvs(5,30,size=100)
assert_(numpy.all(vals < 30) & numpy.all(vals >= 5))
assert_(len(vals) == 100)
vals = stats.randint.rvs(5,30,size=(2,50))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2,50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.randint.rvs(15,46)
assert_((val >= 15) & (val < 46))
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ScalarType), msg=repr(type(val)))
val = stats.randint(15,46).rvs(3)
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_pdf(self):
k = numpy.r_[0:36]
out = numpy.where((k >= 5) & (k < 30), 1.0/(30-5), 0)
vals = stats.randint.pmf(k,5,30)
assert_array_almost_equal(vals,out)
def test_cdf(self):
x = numpy.r_[0:36:100j]
k = numpy.floor(x)
out = numpy.select([k>=30,k>=5],[1.0,(k-5.0+1)/(30-5.0)],0)
vals = stats.randint.cdf(x,5,30)
assert_array_almost_equal(vals, out, decimal=12)
class TestBinom(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.binom.rvs(10, 0.75, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0) & numpy.all(vals <= 10))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.binom.rvs(10, 0.75)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.binom(10, 0.75).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_pmf(self):
# regression test for Ticket #1842
vals1 = stats.binom.pmf(100, 100,1)
vals2 = stats.binom.pmf(0, 100,0)
assert_allclose(vals1, 1.0, rtol=1e-15, atol=0)
assert_allclose(vals2, 1.0, rtol=1e-15, atol=0)
class TestBernoulli(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.bernoulli.rvs(0.75, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0) & numpy.all(vals <= 1))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.bernoulli.rvs(0.75)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.bernoulli(0.75).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
class TestNBinom(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.nbinom.rvs(10, 0.75, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.nbinom.rvs(10, 0.75)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.nbinom(10, 0.75).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_pmf(self):
# regression test for ticket 1779
assert_allclose(np.exp(stats.nbinom.logpmf(700, 721, 0.52)),
stats.nbinom.pmf(700, 721, 0.52))
class TestGeom(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.geom.rvs(0.75, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.geom.rvs(0.75)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.geom(0.75).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_pmf(self):
vals = stats.geom.pmf([1,2,3],0.5)
assert_array_almost_equal(vals,[0.5,0.25,0.125])
def test_logpmf(self):
# regression test for ticket 1793
vals1 = np.log(stats.geom.pmf([1,2,3], 0.5))
vals2 = stats.geom.logpmf([1,2,3], 0.5)
assert_allclose(vals1, vals2, rtol=1e-15, atol=0)
def test_cdf_sf(self):
vals = stats.geom.cdf([1,2,3],0.5)
vals_sf = stats.geom.sf([1,2,3],0.5)
expected = array([0.5,0.75,0.875])
assert_array_almost_equal(vals,expected)
assert_array_almost_equal(vals_sf,1-expected)
class TestHypergeom(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.hypergeom.rvs(20, 10, 3, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0) &
numpy.all(vals <= 3))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.hypergeom.rvs(20, 3, 10)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.hypergeom(20, 3, 10).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_precision(self):
# comparison number from mpmath
M = 2500
n = 50
N = 500
tot = M
good = n
hgpmf = stats.hypergeom.pmf(2, tot, good, N)
assert_almost_equal(hgpmf, 0.0010114963068932233, 11)
def test_precision2(self):
"""Test hypergeom precision for large numbers. See #1218."""
# Results compared with those from R.
oranges = 9.9e4
pears = 1.1e5
fruits_eaten = np.array([3, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 5]) * 1e4
quantile = 2e4
res = []
for eaten in fruits_eaten:
res.append(stats.hypergeom.sf(quantile, oranges + pears, oranges, eaten))
expected = np.array([0, 1.904153e-114, 2.752693e-66, 4.931217e-32,
8.265601e-11, 0.1237904, 1])
assert_allclose(res, expected, atol=0, rtol=5e-7)
# Test with array_like first argument
quantiles = [1.9e4, 2e4, 2.1e4, 2.15e4]
res2 = stats.hypergeom.sf(quantiles, oranges + pears, oranges, 4.2e4)
expected2 = [1, 0.1237904, 6.511452e-34, 3.277667e-69]
assert_allclose(res2, expected2, atol=0, rtol=5e-7)
class TestLogser(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.logser.rvs(0.75, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 1))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.logser.rvs(0.75)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.logser(0.75).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
class TestPearson3(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.pearson3.rvs(0.1, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllFloat'])
val = stats.pearson3.rvs(0.5)
assert_(isinstance(val, float))
val = stats.pearson3(0.5).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllFloat'])
assert_(len(val) == 3)
def test_pdf(self):
vals = stats.pearson3.pdf(2, [0.0, 0.1, 0.2])
assert_allclose(vals, np.array([0.05399097, 0.05555481, 0.05670246]),
atol=1e-6)
vals = stats.pearson3.pdf(-3, 0.1)
assert_allclose(vals, np.array([0.00313791]), atol=1e-6)
vals = stats.pearson3.pdf([-3,-2,-1,0,1], 0.1)
assert_allclose(vals, np.array([0.00313791, 0.05192304, 0.25028092,
0.39885918, 0.23413173]), atol=1e-6)
def test_cdf(self):
vals = stats.pearson3.cdf(2, [0.0, 0.1, 0.2])
assert_allclose(vals, np.array([0.97724987, 0.97462004, 0.97213626]),
atol=1e-6)
vals = stats.pearson3.cdf(-3, 0.1)
assert_allclose(vals, [0.00082256], atol=1e-6)
vals = stats.pearson3.cdf([-3,-2,-1,0,1], 0.1)
assert_allclose(vals, [8.22563821e-04, 1.99860448e-02, 1.58550710e-01,
5.06649130e-01, 8.41442111e-01], atol=1e-6)
class TestPoisson(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.poisson.rvs(0.5, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 0))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.poisson.rvs(0.5)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.poisson(0.5).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
class TestZipf(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.zipf.rvs(1.5, size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.all(vals >= 1))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.zipf.rvs(1.5)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.zipf(1.5).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
class TestDLaplace(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
vals = stats.dlaplace.rvs(1.5 , size=(2, 50))
assert_(numpy.shape(vals) == (2, 50))
assert_(vals.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
val = stats.dlaplace.rvs(1.5)
assert_(isinstance(val, int))
val = stats.dlaplace(1.5).rvs(3)
assert_(isinstance(val, numpy.ndarray))
assert_(val.dtype.char in typecodes['AllInteger'])
def test_rvgeneric_std():
"""Regression test for #1191"""
assert_array_almost_equal(stats.t.std([5, 6]), [1.29099445, 1.22474487])
class TestRvDiscrete(TestCase):
def test_rvs(self):
states = [-1,0,1,2,3,4]
probability = [0.0,0.3,0.4,0.0,0.3,0.0]
samples = 1000
r = stats.rv_discrete(name='sample',values=(states,probability))
x = r.rvs(size=samples)
assert_(isinstance(x, numpy.ndarray))
for s,p in zip(states,probability):
assert_(abs(sum(x == s)/float(samples) - p) < 0.05)
x = r.rvs()
assert_(isinstance(x, int))
class TestExpon(TestCase):
def test_zero(self):
assert_equal(stats.expon.pdf(0),1)
def test_tail(self): # Regression test for ticket 807
assert_equal(stats.expon.cdf(1e-18), 1e-18)
assert_equal(stats.expon.isf(stats.expon.sf(40)), 40)
class TestGenExpon(TestCase):
def test_pdf_unity_area(self):
from scipy.integrate import simps
# PDF should integrate to one
assert_almost_equal(simps(stats.genexpon.pdf(numpy.arange(0,10,0.01),
0.5, 0.5, 2.0),
dx=0.01), 1, 1)
def test_cdf_bounds(self):
# CDF should always be positive
cdf = stats.genexpon.cdf(numpy.arange(0, 10, 0.01), 0.5, 0.5, 2.0)
assert_(numpy.all((0 <= cdf) & (cdf <= 1)))
class TestExponpow(TestCase):
def test_tail(self):
assert_almost_equal(stats.exponpow.cdf(1e-10, 2.), 1e-20)
assert_almost_equal(stats.exponpow.isf(stats.exponpow.sf(5, .8), .8), 5)
class TestSkellam(TestCase):
def test_pmf(self):
#comparison to R
k = numpy.arange(-10, 15)
mu1, mu2 = 10, 5
skpmfR = numpy.array(
[4.2254582961926893e-005, 1.1404838449648488e-004,
2.8979625801752660e-004, 6.9177078182101231e-004,
1.5480716105844708e-003, 3.2412274963433889e-003,
6.3373707175123292e-003, 1.1552351566696643e-002,
1.9606152375042644e-002, 3.0947164083410337e-002,
4.5401737566767360e-002, 6.1894328166820688e-002,
7.8424609500170578e-002, 9.2418812533573133e-002,
1.0139793148019728e-001, 1.0371927988298846e-001,
9.9076583077406091e-002, 8.8546660073089561e-002,
7.4187842052486810e-002, 5.8392772862200251e-002,
4.3268692953013159e-002, 3.0248159818374226e-002,
1.9991434305603021e-002, 1.2516877303301180e-002,
7.4389876226229707e-003])
assert_almost_equal(stats.skellam.pmf(k, mu1, mu2), skpmfR, decimal=15)
def test_cdf(self):
#comparison to R, only 5 decimals
k = numpy.arange(-10, 15)
mu1, mu2 = 10, 5
skcdfR = numpy.array(
[6.4061475386192104e-005, 1.7810985988267694e-004,
4.6790611790020336e-004, 1.1596768997212152e-003,
2.7077485103056847e-003, 5.9489760066490718e-003,
1.2286346724161398e-002, 2.3838698290858034e-002,
4.3444850665900668e-002, 7.4392014749310995e-002,
1.1979375231607835e-001, 1.8168808048289900e-001,
2.6011268998306952e-001, 3.5253150251664261e-001,
4.5392943399683988e-001, 5.5764871387982828e-001,
6.5672529695723436e-001, 7.4527195703032389e-001,
8.1945979908281064e-001, 8.7785257194501087e-001,
9.2112126489802404e-001, 9.5136942471639818e-001,
9.7136085902200120e-001, 9.8387773632530240e-001,
9.9131672394792536e-001])
assert_almost_equal(stats.skellam.cdf(k, mu1, mu2), skcdfR, decimal=5)
class TestBeta(TestCase):
def test_logpdf(self):
''' Regression test for Ticket #1326:
cornercase avoid nan with 0*log(0) situation
'''
logpdf = stats.beta.logpdf(0,1,0.5)
assert_almost_equal(logpdf, -0.69314718056)
logpdf = stats.beta.logpdf(0,0.5,1)
assert_almost_equal(logpdf, np.inf)
def test_logpdf_ticket_1866(self):
alpha, beta = 267, 1472
x = np.array([0.2, 0.5, 0.6])
b = stats.beta(alpha, beta)
assert_allclose(b.logpdf(x).sum(), -1201.699061824062)
assert_allclose(b.pdf(x), np.exp(b.logpdf(x)))
class TestBetaPrime(TestCase):
def test_logpdf(self):
alpha, beta = 267, 1472
x = np.array([0.2, 0.5, 0.6])
b = stats.betaprime(alpha, beta)
assert_(np.isfinite(b.logpdf(x)).all())
assert_allclose(b.pdf(x), np.exp(b.logpdf(x)))
class TestGamma(TestCase):
def test_pdf(self):
# a few test cases to compare with R
pdf = stats.gamma.pdf(90, 394, scale=1./5)
assert_almost_equal(pdf, 0.002312341)
pdf = stats.gamma.pdf(3, 10, scale=1./5)
assert_almost_equal(pdf, 0.1620358)
def test_logpdf(self):
''' Regression test for Ticket #1326:
cornercase avoid nan with 0*log(0) situation
'''
logpdf = stats.gamma.logpdf(0,1)
assert_almost_equal(logpdf, 0)
class TestChi2(TestCase):
# regression tests after precision improvements, ticket:1041, not verified
def test_precision(self):
assert_almost_equal(stats.chi2.pdf(1000, 1000), 8.919133934753128e-003, 14)
assert_almost_equal(stats.chi2.pdf(100, 100), 0.028162503162596778, 14)
class TestArrayArgument(TestCase): #test for ticket:992
def test_noexception(self):
rvs = stats.norm.rvs(loc=(np.arange(5)), scale=np.ones(5), size=(10,5))
assert_equal(rvs.shape, (10,5))
class TestDocstring(TestCase):
def test_docstrings(self):
"""See ticket #761"""
if stats.rayleigh.__doc__ is not None:
self.assertTrue("rayleigh" in stats.rayleigh.__doc__.lower())
if stats.bernoulli.__doc__ is not None:
self.assertTrue("bernoulli" in stats.bernoulli.__doc__.lower())
def test_no_name_arg(self):
"""If name is not given, construction shouldn't fail. See #1508."""
stats.rv_continuous()
stats.rv_discrete()
class TestEntropy(TestCase):
def test_entropy_positive(self):
"""See ticket #497"""
pk = [0.5,0.2,0.3]
qk = [0.1,0.25,0.65]
eself = stats.entropy(pk,pk)
edouble = stats.entropy(pk,qk)
assert_(0.0 == eself)
assert_(edouble >= 0.0)
def test_entropy_base(self):
pk = np.ones(16, float)
S = stats.entropy(pk, base=2.)
assert_(abs(S - 4.) < 1.e-5)
qk = np.ones(16, float)
qk[:8] = 2.
S = stats.entropy(pk, qk)
S2 = stats.entropy(pk, qk, base=2.)
assert_(abs(S/S2 - np.log(2.)) < 1.e-5)
def TestArgsreduce():
a = array([1,3,2,1,2,3,3])
b,c = argsreduce(a > 1, a, 2)
assert_array_equal(b, [3,2,2,3,3])
assert_array_equal(c, [2,2,2,2,2])
b,c = argsreduce(2 > 1, a, 2)
assert_array_equal(b, a[0])
assert_array_equal(c, [2])
b,c = argsreduce(a > 0, a, 2)
assert_array_equal(b, a)
assert_array_equal(c, [2] * numpy.size(a))
class TestFitMethod(TestCase):
skip = ['ncf']
@dec.slow
def test_fit(self):
for func, dist, args, alpha in test_all_distributions():
if dist in self.skip:
continue
distfunc = getattr(stats, dist)
res = distfunc.rvs(*args, **{'size':200})
vals = distfunc.fit(res)
vals2 = distfunc.fit(res, optimizer='powell')
# Only check the length of the return
# FIXME: should check the actual results to see if we are 'close'
# to what was created --- but what is 'close' enough
if dist in ['erlang', 'frechet']:
assert_(len(vals)==len(args))
assert_(len(vals2)==len(args))
else:
assert_(len(vals) == 2+len(args))
assert_(len(vals2)==2+len(args))
@dec.slow
def test_fix_fit(self):
for func, dist, args, alpha in test_all_distributions():
# Not sure why 'ncf', and 'beta' are failing
# erlang and frechet have different len(args) than distfunc.numargs
if dist in self.skip + ['erlang', 'frechet', 'beta']:
continue
distfunc = getattr(stats, dist)
res = distfunc.rvs(*args, **{'size':200})
vals = distfunc.fit(res,floc=0)
vals2 = distfunc.fit(res,fscale=1)
assert_(len(vals) == 2+len(args))
assert_(vals[-2] == 0)
assert_(vals2[-1] == 1)
assert_(len(vals2) == 2+len(args))
if len(args) > 0:
vals3 = distfunc.fit(res, f0=args[0])
assert_(len(vals3) == 2+len(args))
assert_(vals3[0] == args[0])
if len(args) > 1:
vals4 = distfunc.fit(res, f1=args[1])
assert_(len(vals4) == 2+len(args))
assert_(vals4[1] == args[1])
if len(args) > 2:
vals5 = distfunc.fit(res, f2=args[2])
assert_(len(vals5) == 2+len(args))
assert_(vals5[2] == args[2])
def test_fix_fit_2args_lognorm(self):
"""Regression test for #1551."""
np.random.seed(12345)
x = stats.lognorm.rvs(0.25, 0., 20.0, size=20)
assert_allclose(np.array(stats.lognorm.fit(x, floc=0, fscale=20)),
[0.25888672, 0, 20], atol=1e-5)
class TestFrozen(TestCase):
"""Test that a frozen distribution gives the same results as the original object.
Only tested for the normal distribution (with loc and scale specified) and for the
gamma distribution (with a shape parameter specified).
"""
def test_norm(self):
dist = stats.norm
frozen = stats.norm(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
result_f = frozen.pdf(20.0)
result = dist.pdf(20.0, loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.cdf(20.0)
result = dist.cdf(20.0, loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.ppf(0.25)
result = dist.ppf(0.25, loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.isf(0.25)
result = dist.isf(0.25, loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.sf(10.0)
result = dist.sf(10.0, loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.median()
result = dist.median(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.mean()
result = dist.mean(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.var()
result = dist.var(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.std()
result = dist.std(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.entropy()
result = dist.entropy(loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.moment(2)
result = dist.moment(2,loc=10.0, scale=3.0)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
def test_gamma(self):
a = 2.0
dist = stats.gamma
frozen = stats.gamma(a)
result_f = frozen.pdf(20.0)
result = dist.pdf(20.0, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.cdf(20.0)
result = dist.cdf(20.0, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.ppf(0.25)
result = dist.ppf(0.25, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.isf(0.25)
result = dist.isf(0.25, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.sf(10.0)
result = dist.sf(10.0, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.median()
result = dist.median(a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.mean()
result = dist.mean(a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.var()
result = dist.var(a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.std()
result = dist.std(a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.entropy()
result = dist.entropy(a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
result_f = frozen.moment(2)
result = dist.moment(2, a)
assert_equal(result_f, result)
def test_regression_02(self):
"""Regression test for ticket #1293."""
# Create a frozen distribution.
frozen = stats.lognorm(1)
# Call one of its methods that does not take any keyword arguments.
m1 = frozen.moment(2)
# Now call a method that takes a keyword argument.
s = frozen.stats(moments='mvsk')
# Call moment(2) again.
# After calling stats(), the following was raising an exception.
# So this test passes if the following does not raise an exception.
m2 = frozen.moment(2)
# The following should also be true, of course. But it is not
# the focus of this test.
assert_equal(m1, m2)
class TestExpect(TestCase):
"""Test for expect method.
Uses normal distribution and beta distribution for finite bounds, and
hypergeom for discrete distribution with finite support
"""
def test_norm(self):
v = stats.norm.expect(lambda x: (x-5)*(x-5), loc=5, scale=2)
assert_almost_equal(v, 4, decimal=14)
m = stats.norm.expect(lambda x: (x), loc=5, scale=2)
assert_almost_equal(m, 5, decimal=14)
lb = stats.norm.ppf(0.05, loc=5, scale=2)
ub = stats.norm.ppf(0.95, loc=5, scale=2)
prob90 = stats.norm.expect(lambda x: 1, loc=5, scale=2, lb=lb, ub=ub)
assert_almost_equal(prob90, 0.9, decimal=14)
prob90c = stats.norm.expect(lambda x: 1, loc=5, scale=2, lb=lb, ub=ub,
conditional=True)
assert_almost_equal(prob90c, 1., decimal=14)
def test_beta(self):
#case with finite support interval
## >>> mtrue, vtrue = stats.beta.stats(10,5, loc=5., scale=2.)
## >>> mtrue, vtrue
## (array(6.333333333333333), array(0.055555555555555552))
v = stats.beta.expect(lambda x: (x-19/3.)*(x-19/3.), args=(10,5),
loc=5, scale=2)
assert_almost_equal(v, 1./18., decimal=13)
m = stats.beta.expect(lambda x: x, args=(10,5), loc=5., scale=2.)
assert_almost_equal(m, 19/3., decimal=13)
ub = stats.beta.ppf(0.95, 10, 10, loc=5, scale=2)
lb = stats.beta.ppf(0.05, 10, 10, loc=5, scale=2)
prob90 = stats.beta.expect(lambda x: 1., args=(10,10), loc=5.,
scale=2.,lb=lb, ub=ub, conditional=False)
assert_almost_equal(prob90, 0.9, decimal=13)
prob90c = stats.beta.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(10,10), loc=5,
scale=2, lb=lb, ub=ub, conditional=True)
assert_almost_equal(prob90c, 1., decimal=13)
def test_hypergeom(self):
#test case with finite bounds
#without specifying bounds
m_true, v_true = stats.hypergeom.stats(20, 10, 8, loc=5.)
m = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: x, args=(20, 10, 8), loc=5.)
assert_almost_equal(m, m_true, decimal=13)
v = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: (x-9.)**2, args=(20, 10, 8),
loc=5.)
assert_almost_equal(v, v_true, decimal=14)
#with bounds, bounds equal to shifted support
v_bounds = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: (x-9.)**2, args=(20, 10, 8),
loc=5., lb=5, ub=13)
assert_almost_equal(v_bounds, v_true, decimal=14)
#drop boundary points
prob_true = 1-stats.hypergeom.pmf([5, 13], 20, 10, 8, loc=5).sum()
prob_bounds = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(20, 10, 8),
loc=5., lb=6, ub=12)
assert_almost_equal(prob_bounds, prob_true, decimal=13)
#conditional
prob_bc = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(20, 10, 8), loc=5.,
lb=6, ub=12, conditional=True)
assert_almost_equal(prob_bc, 1, decimal=14)
#check simple integral
prob_b = stats.hypergeom.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(20, 10, 8),
lb=0, ub=8)
assert_almost_equal(prob_b, 1, decimal=13)
def test_poisson(self):
#poisson, use lower bound only
prob_bounds = stats.poisson.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(2,), lb=3,
conditional=False)
prob_b_true = 1-stats.poisson.cdf(2,2)
assert_almost_equal(prob_bounds, prob_b_true, decimal=14)
prob_lb = stats.poisson.expect(lambda x: 1, args=(2,), lb=2,
conditional=True)
assert_almost_equal(prob_lb, 1, decimal=14)
def test_regression_ticket_1316():
"""Regression test for ticket #1316."""
# The following was raising an exception, because _construct_default_doc()
# did not handle the default keyword extradoc=None. See ticket #1316.
g = stats.distributions.gamma_gen(name='gamma')
def test_regression_ticket_1326():
"""Regression test for ticket #1326."""
#adjust to avoid nan with 0*log(0)
assert_almost_equal(stats.chi2.pdf(0.0, 2), 0.5, 14)
def test_regression_tukey_lambda():
""" Make sure that Tukey-Lambda distribution correctly handles non-positive lambdas.
"""
x = np.linspace(-5.0, 5.0, 101)
olderr = np.seterr(divide='ignore')
try:
for lam in [0.0, -1.0, -2.0, np.array([[-1.0], [0.0], [-2.0]])]:
p = stats.tukeylambda.pdf(x, lam)
assert_((p != 0.0).all())
assert_(~np.isnan(p).all())
lam = np.array([[-1.0], [0.0], [2.0]])
p = stats.tukeylambda.pdf(x, lam)
finally:
np.seterr(**olderr)
assert_(~np.isnan(p).all())
assert_((p[0] != 0.0).all())
assert_((p[1] != 0.0).all())
assert_((p[2] != 0.0).any())
assert_((p[2] == 0.0).any())
def test_regression_ticket_1421():
"""Regression test for ticket #1421 - correction discrete docs."""
assert_('pdf(x, mu, loc=0, scale=1)' not in stats.poisson.__doc__)
assert_('pmf(x,' in stats.poisson.__doc__)
def test_nan_arguments_ticket_835():
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.logcdf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.cdf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.logsf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.sf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.pdf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.logpdf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.ppf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.t.isf(np.nan)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.logcdf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.cdf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.logsf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.sf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.pmf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.logpmf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.ppf(np.nan, 0.5)))
assert_(np.isnan(stats.bernoulli.isf(np.nan, 0.5)))
def test_frozen_fit_ticket_1536():
np.random.seed(5678)
true = np.array([0.25, 0., 0.5])
x = stats.lognorm.rvs(true[0], true[1], true[2], size=100)
olderr = np.seterr(divide='ignore')
try:
params = np.array(stats.lognorm.fit(x, floc=0.))
finally:
np.seterr(**olderr)
assert_almost_equal(params, true, decimal=2)
params = np.array(stats.lognorm.fit(x, fscale=0.5, loc=0))
assert_almost_equal(params, true, decimal=2)
params = np.array(stats.lognorm.fit(x, f0=0.25, loc=0))
assert_almost_equal(params, true, decimal=2)
params = np.array(stats.lognorm.fit(x, f0=0.25, floc=0))
assert_almost_equal(params, true, decimal=2)
np.random.seed(5678)
loc = 1
floc = 0.9
x = stats.norm.rvs(loc, 2., size=100)
params = np.array(stats.norm.fit(x, floc=floc))
expected = np.array([floc, np.sqrt(((x-floc)**2).mean())])
assert_almost_equal(params, expected, decimal=4)
def test_regression_ticket_1530():
"""Check the starting value works for Cauchy distribution fit."""
np.random.seed(654321)
rvs = stats.cauchy.rvs(size=100)
params = stats.cauchy.fit(rvs)
expected = (0.045, 1.142)
assert_almost_equal(params, expected, decimal=1)
def test_tukeylambda_stats_ticket_1545():
"""Some test for the variance and kurtosis of the Tukey Lambda distr."""
# See test_tukeylamdba_stats.py for more tests.
mv = stats.tukeylambda.stats(0, moments='mvsk')
# Known exact values:
expected = [0, np.pi**2/3, 0, 1.2]
assert_almost_equal(mv, expected, decimal=10)
mv = stats.tukeylambda.stats(3.13, moments='mvsk')
# 'expected' computed with mpmath.
expected = [0, 0.0269220858861465102, 0, -0.898062386219224104]
assert_almost_equal(mv, expected, decimal=10)
mv = stats.tukeylambda.stats(0.14, moments='mvsk')
# 'expected' computed with mpmath.
expected = [0, 2.11029702221450250, 0, -0.02708377353223019456]
assert_almost_equal(mv, expected, decimal=10)
def test_poisson_logpmf_ticket_1436():
"""Regression test for #1436, poisson.logpmf precision."""
assert_(np.isfinite(stats.poisson.logpmf(1500, 200)))
def test_powerlaw_stats():
"""Test the powerlaw stats function.
This unit test is also a regression test for ticket 1548.
The exact values are:
mean:
mu = a / (a + 1)
variance:
sigma**2 = a / ((a + 2) * (a + 1) ** 2)
skewness:
One formula (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness) is
gamma_1 = (E[X**3] - 3*mu*E[X**2] + 2*mu**3) / sigma**3
A short calculation shows that E[X**k] is a / (a + k), so gamma_1
can be implemented as
n = a/(a+3) - 3*(a/(a+1))*a/(a+2) + 2*(a/(a+1))**3
d = sqrt(a/((a+2)*(a+1)**2)) ** 3
gamma_1 = n/d
Either by simplifying, or by a direct calculation of mu_3 / sigma**3,
one gets the more concise formula:
gamma_1 = -2.0 * ((a - 1) / (a + 3)) * sqrt((a + 2) / a)
kurtosis: (See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis)
The excess kurtosis is
gamma_2 = mu_4 / sigma**4 - 3
A bit of calculus and algebra (sympy helps) shows that
mu_4 = 3*a*(3*a**2 - a + 2) / ((a+1)**4 * (a+2) * (a+3) * (a+4))
so
gamma_2 = 3*(3*a**2 - a + 2) * (a+2) / (a*(a+3)*(a+4)) - 3
which can be rearranged to
gamma_2 = 6 * (a**3 - a**2 - 6*a + 2) / (a*(a+3)*(a+4))
"""
cases = [(1.0, (0.5, 1./12 , 0.0, -1.2)),
(2.0, (2./3, 2./36, -0.56568542494924734, -0.6))]
for a, exact_mvsk in cases:
mvsk = stats.powerlaw.stats(a, moments="mvsk")
assert_array_almost_equal(mvsk, exact_mvsk)
def test_ksone_fit_freeze():
#Regression test for ticket #1638.
d = np.array(
[-0.18879233, 0.15734249, 0.18695107, 0.27908787, -0.248649,
-0.2171497 , 0.12233512, 0.15126419, 0.03119282, 0.4365294 ,
0.08930393, -0.23509903, 0.28231224, -0.09974875, -0.25196048,
0.11102028, 0.1427649 , 0.10176452, 0.18754054, 0.25826724,
0.05988819, 0.0531668 , 0.21906056, 0.32106729, 0.2117662 ,
0.10886442, 0.09375789, 0.24583286, -0.22968366, -0.07842391,
-0.31195432, -0.21271196, 0.1114243 , -0.13293002, 0.01331725,
-0.04330977, -0.09485776, -0.28434547, 0.22245721, -0.18518199,
-0.10943985, -0.35243174, 0.06897665, -0.03553363, -0.0701746 ,
-0.06037974, 0.37670779, -0.21684405])
olderr = np.seterr(invalid='ignore')
warn_ctx = WarningManager()
warn_ctx.__enter__()
try:
warnings.simplefilter('ignore', UserWarning)
warnings.simplefilter('ignore', RuntimeWarning)
stats.ksone.fit(d)
finally:
warn_ctx.__exit__()
np.seterr(**olderr)
def test_norm_logcdf():
"""Test precision of the logcdf of the normal distribution.
This precision was enhanced in ticket 1614.
"""
x = -np.asarray(list(range(0, 120, 4)))
# Values from R
expected = [-0.69314718, -10.36010149, -35.01343716, -75.41067300,
-131.69539607, -203.91715537, -292.09872100, -396.25241451,
-516.38564863, -652.50322759, -804.60844201, -972.70364403,