python/python-basics-notebook-empty.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# Python Basics\n",
    "\n",
    "This is a collection of exercises that I wrote as a refresher of key Python features.\n",
    "\n",
    "## Built-in datatypes and variable binding\n",
    "Python uses <a href=“”>late/runtime/dynamic binding</a>. This means that the type of data in a variable is not explicitly identified in a program, like it is in C++ or Java.\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2 <class 'int'>\n",
      "115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639936 <class 'int'>\n",
      "1.4142135623730951 <class 'float'>\n",
      "U of M <class 'str'>\n",
      "False <class 'bool'>\n",
      "['a', 2, 3.14, True] <class 'list'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## ints and floats"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7/2 is 3.5\n",
      "7//2 is 3\n",
      "7%2 is 1\n",
      "2**3 is 8\n",
      "2**3.0 is 8.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### boolean\n",
    "\n",
    "Python's boolean values are True and False. It is case-sensitive: capitalizing the first letter is required. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a is True\n",
      "b is False\n",
      "a and b is False\n",
      "a or b is True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Strings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello World\n",
      "['Hello', 'World']\n",
      "Hello_World\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Lists and tuples"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "range(0, 5) range(0, 2) range(1, 3) range(2, 5)\n",
      "y = range(1, 6, 2)\n",
      "[0]*5 is [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#shortcut for list of consecutive integers\n",
    "\n",
    "#slices\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]\n",
      "[(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25), (6, 36), (7, 49), (8, 64), (9, 81)]\n",
      "[(0, 0, 0), (1, 1, 1), (2, 4, 8), (3, 9, 27), (4, 16, 64), (5, 25, 125), (6, 36, 216), (7, 49, 343), (8, 64, 512), (9, 81, 729)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#List comprehension\n",
    "# create a list of squares for integers 0 to 9\n",
    "\n",
    "# create a list of tuples (x, x*x) for integers 0 to 9\n",
    "\n",
    "# create a list of tuples (x, x*x, x**3) for integers 0 to 9\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Looping (for, while, reduce)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5050\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#for\n",
    "#sum integers from 1 to 100\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5050\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#while\n",
    "#sum integers from 1 to 100\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5050\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#concise way to sum integers from 1 to 100 using reduce\n",
    "\n",
    "import functools\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5050\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#use the sum function\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5050.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#preferred way to sum floating point (faster) using fsum\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Conditional execution (if)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0.9724236150833007 is above median\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#if\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dictionaries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "104.34\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'T': 1, 'h': 2, 'e': 3, ' ': 8, 'q': 1, 'u': 2, 'i': 1, 'c': 1, 'k': 1, 'b': 1, 'r': 2, 'o': 4, 'w': 1, 'n': 1, 'f': 1, 'x': 1, 'j': 1, 'm': 1, 'p': 1, 's': 1, 'v': 1, 't': 1, 'l': 1, 'a': 1, 'z': 1, 'y': 1, 'd': 1, 'g': 1, '.': 1}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#distribution of characters in a string\n",
    "s = \"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\"\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0! = 1\n",
      "1! = 1\n",
      "2! = 2\n",
      "3! = 6\n",
      "4! = 24\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def factorial(n):\n",
    "    ...\n",
    "for n in range(0,5):\n",
    "    print(str(n) +\"! =\", factorial(n))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "16\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def gcd(a, b):\n",
    "    ...\n",
    "\n",
    "print(gcd(144, 256))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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