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10.3897_phytokeys.12.3221.xml
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10.3897_phytokeys.12.3221.xml
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//TaxonX//DTD Taxonomic Treatment Publishing DTD v0 20100105//EN" "tax-treatment-NS0.dtd"><article article-type="research-article" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tp="http://www.plazi.org/taxpub">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PhytoKeys</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title xml:lang="en">PhytoKeys</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">PhytoKeys</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1314-2011</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1314-2003</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Pensoft Publishers</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/phytokeys.12.3221</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A new species of
<italic>Camchaya</italic> (Asteraceae, Vernonieae) from Thailand
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">
<name name-style="western">
<surname>Bunwong</surname>
<given-names>Sukhonthip</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">
<name name-style="western">
<surname>Chantaranothai</surname>
<given-names>Pranom</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">
<name name-style="western">
<surname>Keeley</surname>
<given-names>Sterling C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1">
<label>1</label>Maejo University Phrae Campus, Mae Sai, Rong Kwang, Phrae 54140, Thailand
</aff>
<aff id="A2">
<label>2</label>Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
</aff>
<aff id="A3">
<label>3</label>Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
</aff>
<author-notes>
<fn fn-type="corresp">
<p>Corresponding author: Sukhonthip Bunwong (<email xlink:type="simple">sukhonthip@phrae.mju.ac.th</email>; <email xlink:type="simple">sukhonthipb37@gmail.com</email>)</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="edited-by">
<p>Academic editor: Vicki Funk</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>8</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<issue>12</issue>
<fpage>53</fpage>
<lpage>57</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>12</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>4</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Sukhonthip Bunwong, Pranom Chantaranothai, Sterling C. Keeley</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0" xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<label>Abstract</label>
<p><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya thailandica</tp:taxon-name></italic> Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley, <bold>sp. nov.</bold> from Phu Phrabat Historical Park, Udon Thani, Thailandis described as a new species. Plant of this new species are similar to <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic> (Gagnep.) Bunwong & H.Rob. but differ in having ovate phyllaries without margin spines, 10-ribbed achenes, and broadly ovate leaves. This species is a rare endemic known only from the type collection and probably confined to open areas of sandstone hills in Udon Thani province.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<label>Keywords</label>
<kwd>Asteraceae</kwd>
<kwd>Compositae</kwd>
<kwd>Vernonieae</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Camchaya</italic></kwd>
<kwd>Thailand</kwd>
<kwd>new species</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<sec sec-type="Introduction">
<title>Introduction</title>
<p><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">Koyama (1984)</xref> described six species of <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic> in Thailand, recognizing the genus based on the presence of 5–10 ribbed achenes and a bristle-like pappus on some florets, thus broadening earlier concepts of the genus by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">Kerr (1935)</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">Kitamura (1968)</xref>. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">Bunwong et al. (2009)</xref> reviewed the status of <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya eberhardtii</tp:taxon-name></italic> (Gagnep.) Kitam., <italic><tp:taxon-name>Iodocephalus glandulosus</tp:taxon-name></italic> Kerr and <italic><tp:taxon-name>Iodocephalus eberhardtii</tp:taxon-name></italic> Gagnep. and recognized these taxa as <italic><tp:taxon-name>Iodocephalopsis eberhardtii</tp:taxon-name></italic> (Gagnep.) Bunwong & H.Rob. while <italic><tp:taxon-name>Iodocephalopsis gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic> Thorel ex Gagnep. was recognized as <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic> (Gagnep.) Bunwong & H.Rob. Continuing with these studies <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">Bunwong (2010)</xref> found seven species of <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic> including a new <!--PageBreak-->taxon, <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya thailandica</tp:taxon-name></italic>, described here. <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya thailandica</tp:taxon-name></italic> is one of the five endemic Thai species: including <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya pentagona</tp:taxon-name></italic>, <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya spinulifera</tp:taxon-name></italic>, <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya tenuiflora</tp:taxon-name></italic>, and <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic>. The two remaining species, <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya kampotensis</tp:taxon-name></italic> and <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya loloana</tp:taxon-name></italic> extend beyond Thailand into Laos, Cambodia and adjacent Yunnan, China.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods">
<title>Methodology</title>
<p><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic> specimens examined were obtained from the following herbaria: AAU, BK, BKF, BM, CMU, E, K, KKU, L, P, QBG, and US. All measurements given herein were taken from field notes, dried herbarium specimens, and spirit collections. Pollen and achenes were obtained from field collections around Thailand by the first author. Pollen samples for the SEM work were acetolyzed (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">Erdtman 1960</xref>). Acetolyzed pollen was freeze-dried using the critical point drying method. Acetolyzed pollen, unacetolyzed achenes and leaf surfaces were then placed on specimen stubs with double sided silver tape and sputter coated with gold. Photomicrographs were taken with SEM (LEO, 1450VP; Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University).</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="Taxonomy">
<title>Taxonomy</title>
<tp:taxon-treatment>
<tp:nomenclature>
<tp:taxon-name>
<tp:taxon-name-part taxon-name-part-type="genus">Camchaya</tp:taxon-name-part>
<tp:taxon-name-part taxon-name-part-type="species">thailandica</tp:taxon-name-part>
<object-id xlink:type="simple">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77119225-1</object-id>
<object-id xlink:type="simple">http://species-id.net/wiki/Camchaya_thailandica</object-id>
</tp:taxon-name>
<tp:taxon-authority>Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley</tp:taxon-authority>
<tp:taxon-status xlink:type="simple">sp. nov.</tp:taxon-status>
</tp:nomenclature>
<tp:treatment-sec sec-type="Type">
<title>Type.</title>
<p>Thailand. Prov. Udon Thani, rare on rocky areas in Phu Phrabat Historical Park. alt. 300 m, <named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">17°43.84'N; 102°29.65'E</named-content>, 29 September 2007 (flower) S. Bunwong 328 (holotype KKU, isotype US) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figures 1</xref><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2"></xref><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">–3</xref>). Known only from the type collection.</p>
<p>Annual. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, pedunculate. Phyllaries imbricate in 5–6 series, arachnoid-glandular, apices purple. Differs from <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic> (Gagnep.) Bunwong & H.Rob. in having ovate acuminate rather than broadly ovate acute phyllaries without margin spines, 10-ribbed rather than 4–5-ribbed achenes, and broadly ovate leaves.</p>
<p>Annual herbs, 50–100 cm tall. <italic>Stems</italic> erect, rounded, inconspicuously ribbed, scabrous, hairs uniseriate, T-shaped, and glandular. <italic>Leaves</italic> alternate; petioles to 2 cm long; blades elliptic to oblong, 3–8 by 2–3 cm, chartaceous; bases attenuate, margins serrate, apices acute; both surfaces pubescent, hairs cylindric, T-shaped, and glandular, lateral veins 5–10 pairs. <italic>Capitulescences</italic> terminal and axillary, corymbose. <italic>Capitula</italic> pedunculate, involucres broadly campanulate, 5–6 mm diam. <italic>Receptacles</italic> convex, 2.5–3 mm diam., glabrous. <italic>Phyllaries</italic> 5–6-seriate, imbricate,light green with purple apices, 7–8 mm long, margins pale, without margin spines, outer surfaces arachnoid-glandular; the outer and the middle ones ovate, apices acuminate; the inner ones lanceolate to oblong, apices acuminate. <italic>Florets</italic> 50–70; corollas infundibular, purple, pubescent,<!--PageBreak--><!--PageBreak--> glands capitate; tubes 6–7 mm long; lobes 2.5–3 mm long. <italic>Anthers ca</italic>. 2 mm long, bases rounded, apical appendages acute. <italic>Styles</italic> purple, 6–7 mm long; branches 2–2.5 mm long; sweeping hairs on the outer surfaces reaching below style bifurcation. <italic>Achenes</italic> obovate, <italic>ca</italic>. 1.5 mm long, glandular, 10-ribbed, carpopodium absent. <italic>Pappus</italic> bristles, uniseriate, 1–2 mm long, sometimes absent, deciduous. <italic>Pollen</italic> echinolophate, 6-porate, without micropuncta.</p>
<fig id="F1" position="float" orientation="portrait">
<label>Figure 1.</label>
<caption><p>Capitulescences, <bold>A–B</bold> terminal <bold>C</bold> axillary. Note that phyllaries are in 5–6 series and without margin spines.</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="PhytoKeys-012-053-g001.jpg" position="float" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F2" position="float" orientation="portrait">
<label>Figure 2.</label>
<caption><p>SEM micrographs, <bold>A</bold> Achene with glands and 10 ribs, <bold>B</bold> Abaxial leaf surface with cylindrical hairs and capitate glands.</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="PhytoKeys-012-053-g002.jpg" position="float" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F3" position="float" orientation="portrait">
<label>Figure 3. </label>
<caption><p><bold>A–B</bold> SEM micrographs of acetolysed pollen show 6-porate echinolophate pollen. (scale bars = 6 µm).</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="PhytoKeys-012-053-g003.jpg" position="float" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple"></graphic>
</fig>
</tp:treatment-sec>
<tp:treatment-sec sec-type="Distribution">
<title>Distribution.</title>
<p>Endemic to Thailand. Only found in Phu Phrabat Historical Park, Udon Thani province.</p>
</tp:treatment-sec>
<tp:treatment-sec sec-type="Ecology">
<title>Ecology.</title>
<p>Rocky areas of sandstone hills, scattering in dipterocarp forest, flowering from November and December.</p>
</tp:treatment-sec>
<tp:treatment-sec sec-type="Discussion">
<title>Discussion.</title>
<p><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya thailandica</tp:taxon-name></italic> is similar to <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic> in having ovate phyllaries without spines on the margin, but differs in having 10-ribbed achenes and a broadly ovate leaf shape. Its 6-porate echinolophate pollen is unique to <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic> (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">Bunwong and Chantaranothai 2008</xref>) and places it firmly in this genus. Additionally, this species has an inconspicuous carpopodium which is common in <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic>.</p>
<sec sec-type="Key to the genus Camchaya">
<title>Key to the genus <italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya</tp:taxon-name></italic></title>
<table-wrap content-type="key" position="anchor" orientation="portrait">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries broadly ovate without margin spines</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries broadly ovate with margin spines</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Achenes 4–5-ribbed</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya gracilis</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Achenes 10-ribbed</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya thailandica</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Achenes 5 (6–9)-ribbed</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya pentagona</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Achenes 10-ribbed</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries eglandular, margin spines to 10 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya spinulifera</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries glandular, margin spines to 5 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries acuminate; achenes 2.5–3 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya kampotensis</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Phyllaries aristate or apiculate; achenes 1.5–2 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leaves with T-shaped hairs; phyllaries spinose ≤ 1 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya loloana</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leaves without T-shaped hairs; phyllaries spinose ≥ 1 mm long</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic><tp:taxon-name>Camchaya tenuiflora</tp:taxon-name></italic></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</sec>
</tp:treatment-sec>
</tp:taxon-treatment>
</sec>
</body>
<back>
<ack>
<title>Acknowledgements</title>
<p>The authors thank Maejo University Phrae Campus for financial support and acknowledge the curators and staff of the following herbaria for access to their facilities: AAU, BK, BKF, BM, CMU, E, K, KKU, L, P, QBG, and US. We also thank the editor and reviewers for their critical comments.</p>
</ack>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="B1"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Bunwong</surname> <given-names>S</given-names></name><name name-style="western"><surname>Chantaranothai</surname> <given-names>P</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>2008</year>)<article-title> Pollen morphology of the Tribe Vernonieae (Compositae) in Thailand.</article-title> <source>Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University </source> <volume>8</volume>: <fpage>45</fpage>-<lpage>55</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B2"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Bunwong</surname> <given-names>S</given-names></name><name name-style="western"><surname>Robinson</surname> <given-names>H</given-names></name><name name-style="western"><surname>Chantaranothai</surname> <given-names>P</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>2009</year>)<article-title> Taxonomic notes on <italic>Camchaya</italic> and <italic>Iodocephalus</italic> (Vernonieae: Asteraceae), and a new genus <italic>Iodocephalopsis</italic>.</article-title> <source>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington </source> <volume>122</volume> (<issue>3</issue>): <fpage>357</fpage>-<lpage>363</lpage>. doi: 10.2988/08-45.1</mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B3"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Bunwong</surname> <given-names>S</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>2010</year>)<source> Morphological and Molecular Systematics of Vernonieae (Asteraceae) in Thailand. PhD Thesis, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.</source></mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B4"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Erdtman</surname> <given-names>G</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>1960</year>)<article-title> The acetolysis method.</article-title> <source>Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift </source> <volume>54</volume>: <fpage>561</fpage>-<lpage>564</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B5"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Kerr</surname> <given-names>AFG</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>1935</year>)<article-title> Contributions to the Flora of Siam.</article-title> <source>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Kew </source> <volume>1935</volume>: <fpage>326</fpage>-<lpage>327</lpage>. doi: 10.2307/4107139</mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B6"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Kitamura</surname> <given-names>S</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>1968</year>)<article-title> Compositae of Southeast Asia and Himalayas II.</article-title> <source>Acta Phytotaxonomica Geobotanica </source> <volume>23</volume>(<issue>3–4</issue>): <fpage>65</fpage>-<lpage>81</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref>
<ref id="B7"><mixed-citation xlink:type="simple"><person-group><name name-style="western"><surname>Koyama</surname> <given-names>H</given-names></name></person-group> (<year>1984</year>)<article-title> Taxonomic Studies in the Compositae of Thailand 3.</article-title> <source>Acta Phytotaxonomica Geobotanica </source> <volume>35</volume>(<issue>1–3</issue>): <fpage>49</fpage>-<lpage>58</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>