oci-connect.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<refentry xml:id="function.oci-connect" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>oci_connect</refname>
  <refpurpose>建立一个到 Oracle 服务器的连接</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type class="union"><type>resource</type><type>false</type></type><methodname>oci_connect</methodname>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>username</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>password</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type class="union"><type>string</type><type>null</type></type><parameter>connection_string</parameter><initializer>&null;</initializer></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>string</type><parameter>encoding</parameter><initializer>""</initializer></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>session_mode</parameter><initializer><constant>OCI_DEFAULT</constant></initializer></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   返回大多数其他 OCI8 操作所需的连接标识符。
  </para>
  <para>
   为了提高性能，大多数应用程序应该使用 <function>oci_pconnect</function> 的持久连接而不是
   <function>oci_connect</function>。有关连接管理和连接池的基本信息，请参阅<link linkend="oci8.connection">连接处理</link>。
  </para>
  <para>
   使用相同参数对 <function>oci_connect</function> 的第二次和后续调用将返回从第一次调用返回的连接句柄。这意味着一个句柄中的事务也在其他句柄中，因为它们使用<emphasis
   >相同的</emphasis>底层数据库连接。如果两个句柄需要在事务上相互隔离，请改用 <function>oci_new_connect</function>。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>username</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       Oracle 用户名。
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>password</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       <parameter>username</parameter> 的密码。
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>connection_string</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      &oci.db;
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>encoding</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      &oci.charset;
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>session_mode</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      &oci.sessionmode;
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   返回连接标识符或出错时为 &false;。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <informaltable>
   <tgroup cols="2">
    <thead>
     <row>
      <entry>&Version;</entry>
      <entry>&Description;</entry>
     </row>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
     <row>
      <entry>8.0.0、PECL OCI8 3.0.0</entry>
      <entry>
       <parameter>connection_string</parameter> 现在可为 null。
      </entry>
     </row>
    </tbody>
   </tgroup>
  </informaltable>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>使用 Easy Connect 语法的基础 <function>oci_connect</function></title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

// Connects to the XE service (i.e. database) on the "localhost" machine
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
oci_execute($stid);

echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
    echo "<tr>\n";
    foreach ($row as $item) {
        echo "    <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "&nbsp;") . "</td>\n";
    }
    echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>使用 Network Connect 名称的基础 <function>oci_connect</function></title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

// Connects to the MYDB database described in tnsnames.ora file,
// One example tnsnames.ora entry for MYDB could be:
//   MYDB =
//     (DESCRIPTION =
//       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mymachine.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521))
//       (CONNECT_DATA =
//         (SERVER = DEDICATED)
//         (SERVICE_NAME = XE)
//       )
//     )

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'MYDB');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
oci_execute($stid);

echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
    echo "<tr>\n";
    foreach ($row as $item) {
        echo "    <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "&nbsp;") . "</td>\n";
    }
    echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>带有显式字符集的 <function>oci_connect</function></title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE', 'AL32UTF8');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
oci_execute($stid);

echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
    echo "<tr>\n";
    foreach ($row as $item) {
        echo "    <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "&nbsp;") . "</td>\n";
    }
    echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>多次调用 <function>oci_connect</function></title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

$c1 = oci_connect("hr", "welcome", 'localhost/XE');
$c2 = oci_connect("hr", "welcome", 'localhost/XE');

// Both $c1 and $c2 show the same PHP resource id meaning they use the
// same underlying database connection
echo "c1 is $c1<br>\n";
echo "c2 is $c2<br>\n";

function create_table($conn)
{
    $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "create table hallo (test varchar2(64))");
    oci_execute($stmt);
    echo "Created table<br>\n";
}

function drop_table($conn)
{
    $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "drop table hallo");
    oci_execute($stmt);
    echo "Dropped table<br>\n";
}

function insert_data($connname, $conn)
{
    $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "insert into hallo
              values(to_char(sysdate,'DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'))");
    oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
    echo "$connname inserted row without committing<br>\n";
}

function rollback($connname, $conn)
{
    oci_rollback($conn);
    echo "$connname rollback<br>\n";
}

function select_data($connname, $conn)
{
    $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "select * from hallo");
    oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
    echo "$connname ----selecting<br>\n";
    while (oci_fetch($stmt)) {
        echo "    " . oci_result($stmt, "TEST") . "<br>\n";
    }
    echo "$connname ----done<br>\n";
}

create_table($c1);

insert_data('c1', $c1);   // Insert a row using c1
sleep(2);                 // sleep to show a different timestamp for the 2nd row
insert_data('c2', $c2);   // Insert a row using c2

select_data('c1', $c1);   // Results of both inserts are returned
select_data('c2', $c2);   // Results of both inserts are returned

rollback('c1', $c1);      // Rollback using c1

select_data('c1', $c1);   // Both inserts have been rolled back
select_data('c2', $c2);

drop_table($c1);

// Closing one of the connections makes the PHP variable unusable, but
// the other could be used
oci_close($c1);
echo "c1 is $c1<br>\n";
echo "c2 is $c2<br>\n";


// Output is:
//    c1 is Resource id #5
//    c2 is Resource id #5
//    Created table
//    c1 inserted row without committing
//    c2 inserted row without committing
//    c1 ----selecting
//        09-DEC-09 12:14:43
//        09-DEC-09 12:14:45
//    c1 ----done
//    c2 ----selecting
//        09-DEC-09 12:14:43
//        09-DEC-09 12:14:45
//    c2 ----done
//    c1 rollback
//    c1 ----selecting
//    c1 ----done
//    c2 ----selecting
//    c2 ----done
//    Dropped table
//    c1 is
//    c2 is Resource id #5

?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="notes">
  &reftitle.notes;
  <note>
   <para>
    错误安装或配置的 OCI8 扩展通常会表现为连接问题或错误。有关故障排除信息，请参阅<link linkend="oci8.setup">安装/配置</link>。
   </para>
  </note>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>oci_pconnect</function></member>
    <member><function>oci_new_connect</function></member>
    <member><function>oci_close</function></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

</refentry>
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