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install.txt
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Installing PHP
__________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents
Preface
1. General Installation Considerations
2. Installation on Windows systems
Windows Installer
Manual Installation Steps
ActiveScript
Microsoft IIS / PWS
Apache 1.3.x on Microsoft Windows
Apache 2.0.x on Microsoft Windows
Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Microsoft Windows
OmniHTTPd Server
Sambar Server on Microsoft Windows
Xitami on Microsoft Windows
Installation of extensions on Windows
3. Installation of PECL extensions
Introduction to PECL Installations
Downloading PECL extensions
PECL for Windows users
Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command
Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize
Compiling PECL extensions statically into PHP
4. Problems?
Read the FAQ
Other problems
Bug reports
5. Runtime Configuration
The configuration file
How to change configuration settings
6. Installation FAQ
__________________________________________________________________
Preface
These installation instructions were generated from the HTML version of
the PHP Manual so formatting and linking have been altered. See the
online and updated version at: http://php.net/install.windows
__________________________________________________________________
Chapter 1. General Installation Considerations
Before starting the installation, first you need to know what do you
want to use PHP for. There are three main fields you can use PHP, as
described in the What can PHP do? section:
* Websites and web applications (server-side scripting)
* Command line scripting
* Desktop (GUI) applications
For the first and most common form, you need three things: PHP itself,
a web server and a web browser. You probably already have a web
browser, and depending on your operating system setup, you may also
have a web server (e.g. Apache on Linux and MacOS X; IIS on Windows).
You may also rent webspace at a company. This way, you don't need to
set up anything on your own, only write your PHP scripts, upload it to
the server you rent, and see the results in your browser.
In case of setting up the server and PHP on your own, you have two
choices for the method of connecting PHP to the server. For many
servers PHP has a direct module interface (also called SAPI). These
servers include Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Server, Netscape
and iPlanet servers. Many other servers have support for ISAPI, the
Microsoft module interface (OmniHTTPd for example). If PHP has no
module support for your web server, you can always use it as a CGI or
FastCGI processor. This means you set up your server to use the CGI
executable of PHP to process all PHP file requests on the server.
If you are also interested to use PHP for command line scripting (e.g.
write scripts autogenerating some images for you offline, or processing
text files depending on some arguments you pass to them), you always
need the command line executable. For more information, read the
section about writing command line PHP applications. In this case, you
need no server and no browser.
With PHP you can also write desktop GUI applications using the PHP-GTK
extension. This is a completely different approach than writing web
pages, as you do not output any HTML, but manage Windows and objects
within them. For more information about PHP-GTK, please visit the site
dedicated to this extension. PHP-GTK is not included in the official
PHP distribution.
From now on, this section deals with setting up PHP for web servers on
Unix and Windows with server module interfaces and CGI executables. You
will also find information on the command line executable in the
following sections.
PHP source code and binary distributions for Windows can be found at
http://www.php.net/downloads.php. We recommend you to choose a mirror
nearest to you for downloading the distributions.
__________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2. Installation on Windows systems
This section applies to Windows 98/Me and Windows NT/2000/XP/2003. PHP
will not work on 16 bit platforms such as Windows 3.1 and sometimes we
refer to the supported Windows platforms as Win32. Windows 95 is no
longer supported as of PHP 4.3.0.
There are two main ways to install PHP for Windows: either manually or
by using the installer.
If you have Microsoft Visual Studio, you can also build PHP from the
original source code.
Once you have PHP installed on your Windows system, you may also want
to load various extensions for added functionality.
Warning
There are several all-in-one installers over the Internet, but none of
those are endorsed by PHP.net, as we believe that the manual
installation is the best choice to have your system secure and
optimised.
__________________________________________________________________
Windows Installer (PHP 5.2 and later)
The Windows PHP installer for later versions of PHP is built using MSI
technology using the Wix Toolkit (http://wix.sourceforge.net/). It will
install and configure PHP and all the built-in and PECL extensions, as
well as configure many of the popular web servers such as IIS, Apache,
and Xitami.
First, install your selected HTTP (web) server on your system, and make
sure that it works. Then proceed with one of the following install
types.
__________________________________________________________________
Normal Install
Run the MSI installer and follow the instructions provided by the
installation wizard. You will be prompted to select the Web Server you
wish to configure first, along with any configuration details needed.
You will then be prompted to select which features and extensions you
wish to install and enable. By selecting "Will be installed on local
hard drive" in the drop-down menu for each item you can trigger whether
to install the feature or not. By selecting "Entire feature will be
installed on local hard drive", you will be able to install all
sub-features of the included feature ( for example by selecting this
options for the feature "PDO" you will install all PDO Drivers ).
Warning
It is not recommended to install all extensions by default, since many
other them require dependencies from outside PHP in order to function
properly. Instead, use the Installation Repair Mode that can be
triggered thru the 'Add/Remove Programs' control panel to enable or
disable extensions and features after installation.
The installer then sets up PHP to be used in Windows and the php.ini
file, and configures certain web servers to use PHP. The installer will
currently configure IIS (CGI mode only), Apache, Xitami, and Sambar
Server; if you are using a different web server you'll need to
configure it manually.
__________________________________________________________________
Silent Install
The installer also supports a silent mode, which is helpful for Systems
Administrators to deploy PHP easily. To use silent mode:
msiexec.exe /i php-VERSION-win32-install.msi /q
You can control the install directory by passing it as a parameter to
the install. For example, to install to e:\php:
msiexec.exe /i php-VERSION-win32-install.msi /q INSTALLDIR=e:\php
You can also use the same syntax to specify the Apache Configuration
Directory (APACHEDIR), the Sambar Server directory (SAMBARDIR), and the
Xitami Server directory (XITAMIDIR).
You can also specify what features to install. For example, to install
the mysqli extension and the CGI executable:
msiexec.exe /i php-VERSION-win32-install.msi /q ADDLOCAL=cgi,ext_php_mysqli
The current list of Features to install is as follows:
MainExecutable - php.exe executable
ScriptExecutable - php-win.exe executable
ext_php_* - the various extensions ( for example: ext_php_mysql for MySQL )
apache13 - Apache 1.3 module
apache20 - Apache 2.0 module
apache22 - Apache 2,2 module
apacheCGI - Apache CGI executable
iis4ISAPI - IIS ISAPI module
iis4CGI - IIS CGI executable
NSAPI - Sun/iPlanet/Netscape server module
Xitami - Xitami CGI executable
Sambar - Sambar Server ISAPI module
CGI - php-cgi.exe executable
PEAR - PEAR installer
Manual - PHP Manual in CHM Format
For more information on installing MSI installers from the command
line, visit
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/msi/setup/command_line_options.
asp
__________________________________________________________________
Windows Installer (PHP 5.1.0 and earlier)
The Windows PHP installer is available from the downloads page at
http://www.php.net/downloads.php. This installs the CGI version of PHP
and for IIS, PWS, and Xitami, it configures the web server as well. The
installer does not include any extra external PHP extensions
(php_*.dll) as you'll only find those in the Windows Zip Package and
PECL downloads.
Note: While the Windows installer is an easy way to make PHP work,
it is restricted in many aspects as, for example, the automatic
setup of extensions is not supported. Use of the installer isn't the
preferred method for installing PHP.
First, install your selected HTTP (web) server on your system, and make
sure that it works.
Run the executable installer and follow the instructions provided by
the installation wizard. Two types of installation are supported -
standard, which provides sensible defaults for all the settings it can,
and advanced, which asks questions as it goes along.
The installation wizard gathers enough information to set up the
php.ini file, and configure certain web servers to use PHP. One of the
web servers the PHP installer does not configure for is Apache, so
you'll need to configure it manually.
Once the installation has completed, the installer will inform you if
you need to restart your system, restart the server, or just start
using PHP.
Warning
Be aware, that this setup of PHP is not secure. If you would like to
have a secure PHP setup, you'd better go on the manual way, and set
every option carefully. This automatically working setup gives you an
instantly working PHP installation, but it is not meant to be used on
online servers.
__________________________________________________________________
Manual Installation Steps
This install guide will help you manually install and configure PHP
with a web server on Microsoft Windows. To get started you'll need to
download the zip binary distribution from the downloads page at
http://www.php.net/downloads.php.
Although there are many all-in-one installation kits, and we also
distribute a PHP installer for Microsoft Windows, we recommend you take
the time to setup PHP yourself as this will provide you with a better
understanding of the system, and enables you to install PHP extensions
easily when needed.
Upgrading from a previous PHP version: Previous editions of the
manual suggest moving various ini and DLL files into your SYSTEM
(i.e. C:\WINDOWS) folder and while this simplifies the installation
procedure it makes upgrading difficult. We advise you remove all of
these files (like php.ini and PHP related DLLs from the Windows
SYSTEM folder) before moving on with a new PHP installation. Be sure
to backup these files as you might break the entire system. The old
php.ini might be useful in setting up the new PHP as well. And as
you'll soon learn, the preferred method for installing PHP is to
keep all PHP related files in one directory and have this directory
available to your systems PATH.
MDAC requirements: If you use Microsoft Windows 98/NT4 download the
latest version of the Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) for
your platform. MDAC is available at http://msdn.microsoft.com/data/.
This requirement exists because ODBC is built into the distributed
Windows binaries.
The following steps should be completed on all installations before any
server specific instructions are performed:
Extract the distribution file into a directory of your choice. If you
are installing PHP 4, extract to C:\, as the zip file expands to a
foldername like php-4.3.7-Win32. If you are installing PHP 5, extract
to C:\php as the zip file doesn't expand as in PHP 4. You may choose a
different location but do not have spaces in the path (like C:\Program
Files\PHP) as some web servers will crash if you do.
The directory structure extracted from the zip is different for PHP
versions 4 and 5 and look like as follows:
Example 2-2. PHP 5 package structure
c:\php
|
+--dev
| |
| |-php5ts.lib
|
+--ext -- extension DLLs for PHP
| |
| |-php_bz2.dll
| |
| |-php_cpdf.dll
| |
| |-..
|
+--extras
| |
| +--mibs -- support files for SNMP
| |
| +--openssl -- support files for Openssl
| |
| +--pdf-related -- support files for PDF
| |
| |-mime.magic
|
+--pear -- initial copy of PEAR
|
|
|-go-pear.bat -- PEAR setup script
|
|-fdftk.dll
|
|-..
|
|-php-cgi.exe -- CGI executable
|
|-php-win.exe -- executes scripts without an opened command prompt
|
|-php.exe -- CLI executable - ONLY for command line scripting
|
|-..
|
|-php.ini-development -- development php.ini settings
|
|-php.ini-production -- recommended php.ini settings for production
|
|-php5activescript.dll
|
|-php5apache.dll
|
|-php5apache2.dll
|
|-..
|
|-php5ts.dll -- core PHP DLL
|
|-...
Notice the differences and similarities. Both PHP 4 and PHP 5 have a
CGI executable, a CLI executable, and server modules, but they are
located in different folders and/or have different names. While PHP 4
packages have the server modules in the sapi folder, PHP 5
distributions have no such directory and instead they're in the PHP
folder root. The supporting DLLs for the PHP 5 extensions are also not
in a seperate directory.
Note: In PHP 4, you should move all files located in the dll and
sapi folders to the main folder (e.g. C:\php).
Here is a list of server modules shipped with PHP 5:
* sapi/php5apache2_2.dll - Apache 2.2.x module.
* sapi/php5apache.dll (php5apache.dll) - Apache 1.x module
* sapi/php5apache2.dll (php5apache2.dll) - - Apache 2.0.x module.
* sapi/php5isapi.dll - ISAPI Module for ISAPI compliant web servers
like IIS 5.0 or newer. However the FCGI SAPI is recommended with
IIS
* sapi/php5nsapi.dll (php5nsapi.dll) - Sun/iPlanet/Netscape server
module.
Server modules provide significantly better performance and additional
functionality compared to the CGI binary. The FastCGI is significantly
more stable and can be faster than the ISAPI module with IIS.
The CLI version is designed to let you use PHP for command line
scripting. More information about CLI is available in the chapter
about using PHP from the command line.
Warning
The SAPI modules have been significantly improved as of the 4.1
release, however, in older systems you may encounter server errors or
other server modules failing, such as ASP.
The CGI and CLI binaries, and the web server modules all require the
php5ts.dll file to be available to them. You have to make
sure that this file can be found by your PHP installation. The search
order for this DLL is as follows:
* The same directory from where php.exe is called, or in case you use
a SAPI module, the web server's directory (e.g. C:\Program
Files\Apache Group\Apache2\bin).
* Any directory in your Windows PATH environment variable.
To make php5ts.dll available you have three options: copy
the file to the Windows system directory, copy the file to the web
server's directory, or add your PHP directory, C:\php to the PATH. For
better maintenance, we advise you to follow the last option, add C:\php
to the PATH, because it will be simpler to upgrade PHP in the future.
Read more about how to add your PHP directory to PATH in the
corresponding FAQ entry (and then don't forget to restart the computer
- logoff isn't enough).
The next step is to set up a valid configuration file for PHP, php.ini.
There are two ini files distributed in the zip file, php.ini-development
and php.ini-production. We advise you to use php.ini-production,
because we optimized the default settings in this file for performance,
and security. Read this well documented file carefully because it has
changes from php.ini-production that will drastically affect your setup.
Some examples are display_errors being off and magic_quotes_gpc being off.
In addition to reading these, study the ini settings and set every
element manually yourself. If you would like to achieve the best
security, then this is the way for you, although PHP works fine with
these default ini files. Copy your chosen ini-file to a directory that
PHP is able to find and rename it to php.ini. PHP searches for php.ini
in the locations described in the Section called The configuration file
in Chapter 5 section.
If you are running Apache 2, the simpler option is to use the PHPIniDir
directive (read the installation on Apache 2 page), otherwise your best
option is to set the PHPRC environment variable. This process is
explained in the following FAQ entry.
Note: If you're using NTFS on Windows NT, 2000, XP or 2003, make
sure that the user running the web server has read permissions to
your php.ini (e.g. make it readable by Everyone).
The following steps are optional:
* Edit your new php.ini file. If you plan to use OmniHTTPd, do not
follow the next step. Set the doc_root to point to your web servers
document_root. For example:
doc_root = c:\inetpub\wwwroot // for IIS/PWS
doc_root = c:\apache\htdocs // for Apache
* Choose the extensions you would like to load when PHP starts. See
the section about Windows extensions, about how to set up one, and
what is already built in. Note that on a new installation it is
advisable to first get PHP working and tested without any
extensions before enabling them in php.ini.
* On PWS and IIS, you can set the browscap configuration setting to
point to: c:\windows\system\inetsrv\browscap.ini on Windows 9x/Me,
c:\winnt\system32\inetsrv\browscap.ini on NT/2000, and
c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\browscap.ini on XP. For an up-to-date
browscap.ini, read the following FAQ.
PHP is now setup on your system. The next step is to choose a web
server, and enable it to run PHP. Choose a web server from the table of
contents.
__________________________________________________________________
ActiveScript
This section contains notes specific to the ActiveScript installation.
ActiveScript is a Windows only SAPI that enables you to use PHP script
in any ActiveScript compliant host, like Windows Script Host,
ASP/ASP.NET, Windows Script Components or Microsoft Scriptlet control.
As of PHP 5.0.1, ActiveScript has been moved to the PECL repository.
The DLL for this PECL extension may be downloaded from either the PHP
Downloads page or from http://pecl4win.php.net/
Note: You should read the manual installation steps first!
After installing PHP, you should download the ActiveScript DLL
(php5activescript.dll) and place it in the main PHP folder (e.g.
C:\php).
After having all the files needed, you must register the DLL on your
system. To achieve this, open a Command Prompt window (located in the
Start Menu). Then go to your PHP directory by typing something like cd
C:\php. To register the DLL just type regsvr32 php5activescript.dll.
To test if ActiveScript is working, create a new file, named test.wsf
(the extension is very important) and type:
<job id="test">
<script language="PHPScript">
$WScript->Echo("Hello World!");
</script>
</job>
Save and double-click on the file. If you receive a little window
saying "Hello World!" you're done.
Note: In PHP 4, the engine was named 'ActivePHP', so if you are
using PHP 4, you should replace 'PHPScript' with 'ActivePHP' in the
above example.
Note: ActiveScript doesn't use the default php.ini file. Instead, it
will look only in the same directory as the .exe that caused it to
load. You should create php-activescript.ini and place it in that
folder, if you wish to load extensions, etc.
__________________________________________________________________
Microsoft IIS / PWS
This section contains notes and hints specific to IIS (Microsoft
Internet Information Server).
Warning
By using the CGI setup, your server is open to several possible
attacks. Please read our CGI security section to learn how to defend
yourself from those attacks.
__________________________________________________________________
General considerations for all installations of PHP with IIS or PWS
* First, read the Manual Installation Instructions. Do not skip this
step as it provides crucial information for installing PHP on
Windows.
* CGI users must set the cgi.force_redirect PHP directive to 0 inside
php.ini. Read the faq on cgi.force_redirect for important details.
Also, CGI users may want to set the cgi.redirect_status_env
directive. When using directives, be sure these directives aren't
commented out inside php.ini.
* The PHP 4 CGI is named php.exe while in PHP 5 it's php-cgi.exe. In
PHP 5, php.exe is the CLI, and not the CGI.
* Modify the Windows PATH environment variable to include the PHP
directory. This way the PHP DLL files and PHP executables can all
remain in the PHP directory without cluttering up the Windows
system directory. For more details, see the FAQ on Setting the
PATH.
* The IIS user (usually IUSR_MACHINENAME) needs permission to read
various files and directories, such as php.ini, docroot, and the
session tmp directory.
* Be sure the extension_dir and doc_root PHP directives are
appropriately set in php.ini. These directives depend on the system
that PHP is being installed on. In PHP 4, the extension_dir is
extensions while with PHP 5 it's ext. So, an example PHP 5
extensions_dir value is "c:\php\ext" and an example IIS doc_root
value is "c:\Inetpub\wwwroot".
* PHP extension DLL files, such as php_mysql.dll and php_curl.dll,
are found in the zip package of the PHP download (not the PHP
installer). In PHP 5, many extensions are part of PECL and can be
downloaded in the "Collection of PECL modules" package. Files such
as php_zip.dll and php_ssh2.dll. Download PHP files here.
* When defining the executable, the 'check that file exists' box may
also be checked. For a small performance penalty, the IIS (or PWS)
will check that the script file exists and sort out authentication
before firing up PHP. This means that the web server will provide
sensible 404 style error messages instead of CGI errors complaining
that PHP did not output any data.
__________________________________________________________________
Windows NT/200x/XP and IIS 4 or newer
PHP may be installed as a CGI binary, or with the ISAPI module. In
either case, you need to start the Microsoft Management Console (may
appear as 'Internet Services Manager', either in your Windows NT 4.0
Option Pack branch or the Control Panel=>Administrative Tools under
Windows 2000/XP). Then right click on your Web server node (this will
most probably appear as 'Default Web Server'), and select 'Properties'.
If you want to use the CGI binary, do the following:
* Under 'Home Directory', 'Virtual Directory', or 'Directory', do the
following:
* Change the Execute Permissions to 'Scripts only'
* Click on the 'Configuration' button, and choose the Application
Mappings tab. Click Add and set the Executable path to the
appropriate CGI file. An example PHP 5 value is: C:\php\php-cgi.exe
Supply .php as the extension. Leave 'Method exclusions' blank, and
check the 'Script engine' checkbox. Now, click OK a few times.
* Set up the appropriate security. (This is done in Internet Service
Manager), and if your NT Server uses NTFS file system, add execute
rights for I_USR_ to the directory that contains php.exe /
php-cgi.exe.
To use the ISAPI module, do the following:
* If you don't want to perform HTTP Authentication using PHP, you can
(and should) skip this step. Under ISAPI Filters, add a new ISAPI
filter. Use PHP as the filter name, and supply a path to the
php5isapi.dll.
* Under 'Home Directory', 'Virtual Directory', or 'Directory', do the
following:
* Change the Execute Permissions to 'Scripts only'
* Click on the 'Configuration' button, and choose the Application
Mappings tab. Click Add and set the Executable path to the
appropriate ISAPI DLL. An example PHP 5 value is:
C:\php\php5isapi.dll Supply .php as the extension. Leave 'Method
exclusions' blank, and check the 'Script engine' checkbox. Now,
click OK a few times.
* Stop IIS completely (NET STOP iisadmin)
* Start IIS again (NET START w3svc)
With IIS 6 (2003 Server), open up the IIS Manager, go to Web Service
Extensions, choose "Add a new Web service extension", enter in a name
such as PHP, choose the Add button and for the value browse to either
the ISAPI file (php5isapi.dll) or CGI (php.exe or
php-cgi.exe) then check "Set extension status to Allowed" and click OK.
In order to use index.php as a default content page, do the following:
From within the Documents tab, choose Add. Type in index.php and click
OK. Adjust the order by choosing Move Up or Move Down. This is similar
to setting DirectoryIndex with Apache.
The steps above must be repeated for each extension that is to be
associated with PHP scripts. .php is the most common although .php3 may
be required for legacy applications.
If you experience 100% CPU usage after some time, turn off the IIS
setting Cache ISAPI Application.
__________________________________________________________________
Windows and IIS
See http://www.php.net/install.windows
__________________________________________________________________
Apache 1.3.x on Microsoft Windows
This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache 1.3.x installs
of PHP on Microsoft Windows systems. There are also instructions and
notes for Apache 2 on a separate page.
Note: Please read the manual installation steps first!
There are two ways to set up PHP to work with Apache 1.3.x on Windows.
One is to use the CGI binary (php.exe for PHP 4 and php-cgi.exe for PHP
5), the other is to use the Apache Module DLL. In either case you need
to edit your httpd.conf to configure Apache to work with PHP, and then
restart the server.
It is worth noting here that now the SAPI module has been made more
stable under Windows, we recommend it's use above the CGI binary, since
it is more transparent and secure.
Although there can be a few variations of configuring PHP under Apache,
these are simple enough to be used by the newcomer. Please consult the
Apache Documentation for further configuration directives.
After changing the configuration file, remember to restart the server,
for example, NET STOP APACHE followed by NET START APACHE, if you run
Apache as a Windows Service, or use your regular shortcuts.
Note: Remember that when adding path values in the Apache
configuration files on Windows, all backslashes such as
c:\directory\file.ext must be converted to forward slashes, as
c:/directory/file.ext. A trailing slash may also be necessary for
directories.
__________________________________________________________________
Installing as an Apache module
You should add the following lines to your Apache httpd.conf file:
Example 2-3. PHP as an Apache 1.3.x module
This assumes PHP is installed to c:\php. Adjust the path if this is not
the case.
For PHP 5:
# Add to the end of the LoadModule section
LoadModule php5_module "C:/php/php5apache.dll"
# Add to the end of the AddModule section
AddModule mod_php5.c
For both:
# Add this line inside the <IfModule mod_mime.c> conditional brace
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
# For syntax highlighted .phps files, also add
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
__________________________________________________________________
Installing as a CGI binary
If you unzipped the PHP package to C:\php\ as described in the Manual
Installation Steps section, you need to insert these lines to your
Apache configuration file to set up the CGI binary:
Example 2-4. PHP and Apache 1.3.x as CGI
ScriptAlias /php/ "c:/php/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
# For PHP 4
Action application/x-httpd-php "/php/php.exe"
# For PHP 5
Action application/x-httpd-php "/php/php-cgi.exe"
# specify the directory where php.ini is
SetEnv PHPRC C:/php
Note that the second line in the list above can be found in the actual
versions of httpd.conf, but it is commented out. Remember also to
substitute the c:/php/ for your actual path to PHP.
Warning
By using the CGI setup, your server is open to several possible
attacks. Please read our CGI security section to learn how to defend
yourself from those attacks.
If you would like to present PHP source files syntax highlighted, there
is no such convenient option as with the module version of PHP. If you
chose to configure Apache to use PHP as a CGI binary, you will need to
use the highlight_file() function. To do this simply create a PHP
script file and add this code: <?php
highlight_file('some_php_script.php'); ?>.
__________________________________________________________________
Apache 2.0.x on Microsoft Windows
This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache 2.0.x installs
of PHP on Microsoft Windows systems. We also have instructions and
notes for Apache 1.3.x users on a separate page.
Note: You should read the manual installation steps first!
Apache 2.2.x Support: Users of Apache 2.2.x may use the
documentation below except the appropriate DLL file is named
php5apache2_2.dll and it only exists as of PHP 5.2.0. See also
http://snaps.php.net/
Warning
We do not recommend using a threaded MPM in production with Apache2.
Use the prefork MPM instead, or use Apache1. For information on why,
read the related FAQ entry on using Apache2 with a threaded MPM
You are highly encouraged to take a look at the Apache Documentation to
get a basic understanding of the Apache 2.0.x Server. Also consider to
read the Windows specific notes for Apache 2.0.x before reading on
here.
PHP and Apache 2.0.x compatibility notes: The following versions of
PHP are known to work with the most recent version of Apache 2.0.x:
* PHP 4.3.0 or later available at http://www.php.net/downloads.php.
* the latest stable development version. Get the source code
http://snaps.php.net/php5-latest.tar.gz or download binaries for
Windows http://snaps.php.net/win32/php5-win32-latest.zip.
* a prerelease version downloadable from http://qa.php.net/.
* you have always the option to obtain PHP through SVN.
These versions of PHP are compatible to Apache 2.0.40 and later.
Apache 2.0 SAPI-support started with PHP 4.2.0. PHP 4.2.3 works with
Apache 2.0.39, don't use any other version of Apache with PHP 4.2.3.
However, the recommended setup is to use PHP 4.3.0 or later with the
most recent version of Apache2.
All mentioned versions of PHP will work still with Apache 1.3.x.
Warning
Apache 2.0.x is designed to run on Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000 or
Windows XP. At this time, support for Windows 9x is incomplete. Apache
2.0.x is not expected to work on those platforms at this time.
Download the most recent version of Apache 2.0.x and a fitting PHP
version. Follow the Manual Installation Steps and come back to go on
with the integration of PHP and Apache.
There are two ways to set up PHP to work with Apache 2.0.x on Windows.
One is to use the CGI binary the other is to use the Apache module DLL.
In either case you need to edit your httpd.conf to configure Apache to
work with PHP and then restart the server.
Note: Remember that when adding path values in the Apache
configuration files on Windows, all backslashes such as
c:\directory\file.ext must be converted to forward slashes, as
c:/directory/file.ext. A trailing slash may also be necessary for
directories.
__________________________________________________________________
Installing as a CGI binary
You need to insert these three lines to your Apache httpd.conf
configuration file to set up the CGI binary:
Example 2-5. PHP and Apache 2.0 as CGI
ScriptAlias /php/ "c:/php/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
# For PHP 4
Action application/x-httpd-php "/php/php.exe"
# For PHP 5
Action application/x-httpd-php "/php/php-cgi.exe"
Warning
By using the CGI setup, your server is open to several possible
attacks. Please read our CGI security section to learn how to defend
yourself from those attacks.
__________________________________________________________________
Installing as an Apache module
You need to insert these two lines to your Apache httpd.conf
configuration file to set up the PHP module for Apache 2.0:
Example 2-6. PHP and Apache 2.0 as Module
# For PHP 5 do something like this:
LoadModule php5_module "c:/php/php5apache2.dll"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
# configure the path to php.ini
PHPIniDir "C:/php"
Note: Remember to substitute your actual path to PHP for the c:/php/
in the above examples. Take care to use either
php5apache2.dll in your LoadModule directive and not php5apache.dll
as the latter ones are designed to run with Apache 1.3.x.
Note: If you want to use content negotiation, read related FAQ.
Warning
Don't mix up your installation with DLL files from different PHP
versions. You have the only choice to use the DLL's and extensions that
ship with your downloaded PHP version.
__________________________________________________________________
Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Microsoft Windows
This section contains notes and hints specific to Sun Java System Web
Server, Sun ONE Web Server, iPlanet and Netscape server installs of PHP
on Windows.
From PHP 4.3.3 on you can use PHP scripts with the NSAPI module to
generate custom directory listings and error pages. Additional
functions for Apache compatibility are also available. For support in
current web servers read the note about subrequests.
__________________________________________________________________
CGI setup on Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers
To install PHP as a CGI handler, do the following:
* Copy php5ts.dll to your systemroot (the directory where you
installed Windows)
* Make a file association from the command line. Type the following
two lines:
assoc .php=PHPScript
ftype PHPScript=c:\php\php.exe %1 %*
* In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a dummy
shellcgi directory and remove it just after (this step creates 5
important lines in obj.conf and allow the web server to handle
shellcgi scripts).
* In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a new mime
type (Category: type, Content-Type: magnus-internal/shellcgi, File
Suffix:php).
* Do it for each web server instance you want PHP to run
More details about setting up PHP as a CGI executable can be found
here: http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php.html
__________________________________________________________________
NSAPI setup on Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers
To install PHP with NSAPI, do the following:
* Copy php5ts.dll to your systemroot (the directory where you
installed Windows)
* Make a file association from the command line. Type the following
two lines:
assoc .php=PHPScript
ftype PHPScript=c:\php\php.exe %1 %*
* In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a new mime
type (Category: type, Content-Type: magnus-internal/x-httpd-php,
File Suffix: php).
* Edit magnus.conf (for servers >= 6) or obj.conf (for servers < 6)
and add the following: You should place the lines after mime types
init.
Init fn="load-modules" funcs="php5_init,php5_execute,php5_auth_trans" shlib="c:/
php/sapi/php5nsapi.dll"
Init fn="php5_init" LateInit="yes" errorString="Failed to initialise PHP!" [php_
ini="c:/path/to/php.ini"]
The php_ini parameter is optional but with it you
can place your php.ini in your web server configuration directory.
* Configure the default object in obj.conf (for virtual server
classes [Sun Web Server 6.0+] in their vserver.obj.conf): In the
<Object name="default"> section, place this line necessarily after
all 'ObjectType' and before all 'AddLog' lines:
Service fn="php5_execute" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php" [inikey=value inike
y=value ...]
As additional parameters you can add some special
php.ini-values, for example you can set a
docroot="/path/to/docroot" specific to the context php5_execute is
called. For boolean ini-keys please use 0/1 as value, not
"On","Off",... (this will not work correctly), e.g.
zlib.output_compression=1 instead of zlib.output_compression="On"
* This is only needed if you want to configure a directory that only
consists of PHP scripts (same like a cgi-bin directory):
<Object name="x-httpd-php">
ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php"
Service fn=php5_execute [inikey=value inikey=value ...]
</Object>
After that you can configure a directory in the Administration
server and assign it the style x-httpd-php. All files in it will
get executed as PHP. This is nice to hide PHP usage by renaming
files to .html.
* Restart your web service and apply changes
* Do it for each web server instance you want PHP to run
Note: More details about setting up PHP as an NSAPI filter can be
found here: http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php4.html
Note: The stacksize that PHP uses depends on the configuration of
the web server. If you get crashes with very large PHP scripts, it
is recommended to raise it with the Admin Server (in the section
"MAGNUS EDITOR").
__________________________________________________________________
CGI environment and recommended modifications in php.ini
Important when writing PHP scripts is the fact that Sun JSWS/Sun ONE
WS/iPlanet/Netscape is a multithreaded web server. Because of that all
requests are running in the same process space (the space of the web
server itself) and this space has only one environment. If you want to
get CGI variables like PATH_INFO, HTTP_HOST etc. it is not the correct
way to try this in the old PHP 3.x way with getenv() or a similar way
(register globals to environment, $_ENV). You would only get the
environment of the running web server without any valid CGI variables!
Note: Why are there (invalid) CGI variables in the environment?
Answer: This is because you started the web server process from the
admin server which runs the startup script of the web server, you
wanted to start, as a CGI script (a CGI script inside of the admin
server!). This is why the environment of the started web server has
some CGI environment variables in it. You can test this by starting
the web server not from the administration server. Use the command
line as root user and start it manually - you will see there are no
CGI-like environment variables.
Simply change your scripts to get CGI variables in the correct way for
PHP 5.x by using the superglobal $_SERVER. If you have older scripts
which use $HTTP_HOST, etc., you should turn on register_globals in
php.ini and change the variable order too (important: remove "E" from
it, because you do not need the environment here):
variables_order = "GPCS"
register_globals = On
__________________________________________________________________
Special use for error pages or self-made directory listings (PHP >= 4.3.3)
You can use PHP to generate the error pages for "404 Not Found" or
similar. Add the following line to the object in obj.conf for every
error page you want to overwrite:
Error fn="php5_execute" code=XXX script="/path/to/script.php" [inikey=value inik
ey=value...]
where XXX is the HTTP error code. Please delete any other Error
directives which could interfere with yours. If you want to place a
page for all errors that could exist, leave the code parameter out.
Your script can get the HTTP status code with $_SERVER['ERROR_TYPE'].
Another possibility is to generate self-made directory listings. Just
create a PHP script which displays a directory listing and replace the
corresponding default Service line for type="magnus-internal/directory"
in obj.conf with the following:
Service fn="php5_execute" type="magnus-internal/directory" script="/path/to/scri
pt.php" [inikey=value inikey=value...]
For both error and directory listing pages the original URI and
translated URI are in the variables $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] and
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'].
__________________________________________________________________
Note about nsapi_virtual() and subrequests (PHP >= 4.3.3)
The NSAPI module now supports the nsapi_virtual() function (alias:
virtual()) to make subrequests on the web server and insert the result
in the web page. The problem is, that this function uses some
undocumented features from the NSAPI library.
Under Unix this is not a problem, because the module automatically
looks for the needed functions and uses them if available. If not,
nsapi_virtual() is disabled.
Under Windows limitations in the DLL handling need the use of a
automatic detection of the most recent ns-httpdXX.dll file. This is
tested for servers till version 6.1. If a newer version of the Sun
server is used, the detection fails and nsapi_virtual() is disabled.