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view.go
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view.go
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// Copyright 2017 Pilosa Corp.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package pilosa
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"runtime"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"github.com/pilosa/pilosa/v2/pql"
"github.com/pilosa/pilosa/v2/roaring"
"github.com/pilosa/pilosa/v2/stats"
"github.com/pilosa/pilosa/v2/testhook"
"github.com/pkg/errors"
"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
)
// View layout modes.
const (
viewStandard = "standard"
viewBSIGroupPrefix = "bsig_"
)
// view represents a container for field data.
type view struct {
mu sync.RWMutex
path string
index string
field string
name string
qualifiedName string
holder *Holder
idx *Index
fieldType string
cacheType string
cacheSize uint32
// Fragments by shard.
fragments map[uint64]*fragment
broadcaster broadcaster
stats stats.StatsClient
rowAttrStore AttrStore
knownShards *roaring.Bitmap
knownShardsCopied uint32
}
// newView returns a new instance of View.
func newView(holder *Holder, path, index, field, name string, fieldOptions FieldOptions) *view {
panicOn(validateName(name))
return &view{
path: path,
index: index,
field: field,
name: name,
qualifiedName: FormatQualifiedViewName(index, field, name),
holder: holder,
fieldType: fieldOptions.Type,
cacheType: fieldOptions.CacheType,
cacheSize: fieldOptions.CacheSize,
fragments: make(map[uint64]*fragment),
broadcaster: NopBroadcaster,
stats: stats.NopStatsClient,
knownShards: roaring.NewSliceBitmap(),
}
}
// addKnownShard adds a known shard to v, which you should only do when
// holding the lock -- but that's probably a given, since you're presumably
// calling it because you were potentially altering the shard list. Since
// you have the write lock, availableShards() can't be happening right now.
// Either it'll get the previous value or the next value of knownShards,
// and either is probably fine.
//
// This means that we only copy the (probably tiny) bitmap if we're
// modifying it after it's been read. If it never gets read, knownShardsCopied
// never changes. If it gets read, then we treat that one as immutable --
// we never modify it again, because the field code might be reading it, so
// we make a fresh copy. Since shards almost never change, the expected
// behavior is that we call addKnownShard a lot during initial startup,
// when knownShardsCopied is 0, and then after that calls to availableShards
// return that bitmap, and set knownShardsCopied to 1, but we rarely modify
// the list.
func (v *view) addKnownShard(shard uint64) {
v.notifyIfNewShard(shard)
if atomic.LoadUint32(&v.knownShardsCopied) == 1 {
v.knownShards = v.knownShards.Clone()
atomic.StoreUint32(&v.knownShardsCopied, 0)
}
_, err := v.knownShards.Add(shard)
panicOn(err)
}
// removeKnownShard removes a known shard from v. See the notes on addKnownShard.
func (v *view) removeKnownShard(shard uint64) {
if atomic.LoadUint32(&v.knownShardsCopied) == 1 {
v.knownShards = v.knownShards.Clone()
atomic.StoreUint32(&v.knownShardsCopied, 0)
}
_, _ = v.knownShards.Remove(shard)
}
// open opens and initializes the view.
func (v *view) open() error {
if v.knownShards == nil {
v.knownShards = roaring.NewSliceBitmap()
}
// Never keep a cache for field views.
if strings.HasPrefix(v.name, viewBSIGroupPrefix) {
v.cacheType = CacheTypeNone
}
if err := func() error {
// Ensure the view's path exists.
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("ensure view path exists: %s", v.path)
err := os.MkdirAll(v.path, 0777)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "creating view directory")
}
err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(v.path, "fragments"), 0777)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "creating fragments directory")
}
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("open fragments for index/field/view: %s/%s/%s", v.index, v.field, v.name)
if err := v.openFragmentsInTx(); err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "opening fragments")
}
return nil
}(); err != nil {
v.close()
return err
}
_ = testhook.Opened(v.holder.Auditor, v, nil)
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("successfully opened index/field/view: %s/%s/%s", v.index, v.field, v.name)
return nil
}
var workQueue = make(chan struct{}, runtime.NumCPU()*2)
// replaces v.openFragments() with Tx generic code.
func (v *view) openFragmentsInTx() error {
shards, err := v.holder.txf.GetShardsForIndex(v.idx, v.path, false)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "DBPerShardGetShardsForIndex()")
}
eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(context.Background())
var mu sync.Mutex
shardCh := make(chan uint64, len(shards))
for i := range shards {
shardCh <- shards[i]
}
shardLoop:
for range shards {
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
break shardLoop
default:
workQueue <- struct{}{}
eg.Go(func() error {
defer func() {
<-workQueue
}()
var shard uint64
select {
case shard = <-shardCh:
default:
return nil // no more work
}
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("open index/field/view/fragment: %s/%s/%s/%d", v.index, v.field, v.name, shard)
frag := v.newFragment(v.fragmentPath(shard), shard)
if err := frag.Open(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("open fragment: shard=%d, err=%s", frag.shard, err)
}
frag.RowAttrStore = v.rowAttrStore
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("add index/field/view/fragment to view.fragments: %s/%s/%s/%d", v.index, v.field, v.name, shard)
mu.Lock()
v.fragments[frag.shard] = frag
v.addKnownShard(shard)
mu.Unlock()
return nil
})
}
}
return eg.Wait()
}
// close closes the view and its fragments.
func (v *view) close() error {
v.mu.Lock()
defer v.mu.Unlock()
defer func() {
_ = testhook.Closed(v.holder.Auditor, v, nil)
}()
// Close all fragments.
eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(context.Background())
fragLoop:
for _, loopFrag := range v.fragments {
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
break fragLoop
default:
frag := loopFrag
workQueue <- struct{}{}
eg.Go(func() error {
defer func() {
<-workQueue
}()
if err := frag.Close(); err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "closing fragment")
}
return nil
})
}
}
err := eg.Wait()
v.fragments = make(map[uint64]*fragment)
v.knownShards = nil
return err
}
// flags returns a set of flags for the underlying fragments.
func (v *view) flags() byte {
var flag byte
if v.fieldType == FieldTypeInt || v.fieldType == FieldTypeDecimal {
flag |= roaringFlagBSIv2
}
return flag
}
// availableShards returns a bitmap of shards which contain data.
func (v *view) availableShards() *roaring.Bitmap {
// A read lock prevents anything with the write lock from being
// active, so anything that's calling add/removeKnownShard won't
// be doing it here. But we do need to indicate that we came
// through, but we don't want to block on a write lock. So we
// use an atomic for that.
v.mu.RLock()
defer v.mu.RUnlock()
atomic.StoreUint32(&v.knownShardsCopied, 1)
return v.knownShards
}
// fragmentPath returns the path to a fragment in the view.
func (v *view) fragmentPath(shard uint64) string {
return filepath.Join(v.path, "fragments", strconv.FormatUint(shard, 10))
}
// Fragment returns a fragment in the view by shard.
func (v *view) Fragment(shard uint64) *fragment {
v.mu.RLock()
defer v.mu.RUnlock()
return v.fragments[shard]
}
// allFragments returns a list of all fragments in the view.
func (v *view) allFragments() []*fragment {
v.mu.Lock()
defer v.mu.Unlock()
other := make([]*fragment, 0, len(v.fragments))
for _, fragment := range v.fragments {
other = append(other, fragment)
}
return other
}
// recalculateCaches recalculates the cache on every fragment in the view.
func (v *view) recalculateCaches() {
for _, fragment := range v.allFragments() {
fragment.RecalculateCache()
}
}
// CreateFragmentIfNotExists returns a fragment in the view by shard.
func (v *view) CreateFragmentIfNotExists(shard uint64) (*fragment, error) {
v.mu.Lock()
defer v.mu.Unlock()
// Find fragment in cache first.
if frag := v.fragments[shard]; frag != nil {
return frag, nil
}
// Initialize and open fragment.
frag := v.newFragment(v.fragmentPath(shard), shard)
if err := frag.Open(); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "opening fragment")
}
frag.RowAttrStore = v.rowAttrStore
v.fragments[shard] = frag
v.addKnownShard(shard)
return frag, nil
}
func (v *view) notifyIfNewShard(shard uint64) {
if v.knownShards.Contains(shard) { //checks the fields remoteShards bitmap to see if broadcast needed
return
}
broadcastChan := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
msg := &CreateShardMessage{
Index: v.index,
Field: v.field,
Shard: shard,
}
// Broadcast a message that a new max shard was just created.
err := v.broadcaster.SendSync(msg)
if err != nil {
v.holder.Logger.Printf("broadcasting create shard: %v", err)
}
close(broadcastChan)
}()
// We want to wait until the broadcast is complete, but what if it
// takes a really long time? So we time out.
select {
case <-broadcastChan:
case <-time.After(50 * time.Millisecond):
v.holder.Logger.Debugf("broadcasting create shard took >50ms")
}
}
func (v *view) newFragment(path string, shard uint64) *fragment {
frag := newFragment(v.holder, path, v.index, v.field, v.name, shard, v.flags())
frag.CacheType = v.cacheType
frag.CacheSize = v.cacheSize
frag.stats = v.stats
if v.fieldType == FieldTypeMutex {
frag.mutexVector = newRowsVector(frag)
} else if v.fieldType == FieldTypeBool {
frag.mutexVector = newBoolVector(frag)
}
return frag
}
// deleteFragment removes the fragment from the view.
func (v *view) deleteFragment(shard uint64) error {
v.mu.Lock()
defer v.mu.Unlock()
f := v.fragments[shard]
if f == nil {
return ErrFragmentNotFound
}
v.holder.Logger.Printf("delete fragment: (%s/%s/%s) %d", v.index, v.field, v.name, shard)
idx := f.holder.Index(v.index)
f.Close()
if err := idx.holder.txf.DeleteFragmentFromStore(f.index, f.field, f.view, f.shard, f); err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "DeleteFragment")
}
delete(v.fragments, shard)
v.removeKnownShard(shard)
return nil
}
// row returns a row for a shard of the view.
func (v *view) row(txOrig Tx, rowID uint64) (*Row, error) {
row := NewRow()
for _, frag := range v.allFragments() {
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = v.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: !writable, Index: v.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: frag.shard})
defer tx.Rollback()
}
fr, err := frag.row(tx, rowID)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
} else if fr == nil {
continue
}
row.Merge(fr)
}
return row, nil
}
// setBit sets a bit within the view.
func (v *view) setBit(txOrig Tx, rowID, columnID uint64) (changed bool, err error) {
shard := columnID / ShardWidth
var frag *fragment
frag, err = v.CreateFragmentIfNotExists(shard)
if err != nil {
return changed, err
}
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = v.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: writable, Index: v.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: shard})
defer func() {
if err == nil {
panicOn(tx.Commit())
} else {
tx.Rollback()
}
}()
}
return frag.setBit(tx, rowID, columnID)
}
// clearBit clears a bit within the view.
func (v *view) clearBit(txOrig Tx, rowID, columnID uint64) (changed bool, err error) {
shard := columnID / ShardWidth
frag := v.Fragment(shard)
if frag == nil {
return false, nil
}
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = v.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: writable, Index: v.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: shard})
defer func() {
if err == nil {
panicOn(tx.Commit())
} else {
tx.Rollback()
}
}()
}
return frag.clearBit(tx, rowID, columnID)
}
// value uses a column of bits to read a multi-bit value.
func (v *view) value(txOrig Tx, columnID uint64, bitDepth uint) (value int64, exists bool, err error) {
shard := columnID / ShardWidth
frag, err := v.CreateFragmentIfNotExists(shard)
if err != nil {
return value, exists, err
}
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = frag.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: !writable, Index: frag.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: frag.shard})
defer tx.Rollback()
}
return frag.value(tx, columnID, bitDepth)
}
// setValue uses a column of bits to set a multi-bit value.
func (v *view) setValue(txOrig Tx, columnID uint64, bitDepth uint, value int64) (changed bool, err error) {
shard := columnID / ShardWidth
frag, err := v.CreateFragmentIfNotExists(shard)
if err != nil {
return changed, err
}
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = v.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: writable, Index: v.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: shard})
defer func() {
if err == nil {
panicOn(tx.Commit())
} else {
tx.Rollback()
}
}()
}
return frag.setValue(tx, columnID, bitDepth, value)
}
// clearValue removes a specific value assigned to columnID
func (v *view) clearValue(txOrig Tx, columnID uint64, bitDepth uint, value int64) (changed bool, err error) {
shard := columnID / ShardWidth
frag := v.Fragment(shard)
if frag == nil {
return false, nil
}
tx := txOrig
if NilInside(tx) {
tx = v.idx.holder.txf.NewTx(Txo{Write: writable, Index: v.idx, Fragment: frag, Shard: shard})
defer func() {
if err == nil {
panicOn(tx.Commit())
} else {
tx.Rollback()
}
}()
}
return frag.clearValue(tx, columnID, bitDepth, value)
}
// rangeOp returns rows with a field value encoding matching the predicate.
func (v *view) rangeOp(qcx *Qcx, op pql.Token, bitDepth uint, predicate int64) (_ *Row, err0 error) {
r := NewRow()
for _, frag := range v.allFragments() {
tx, finisher := qcx.GetTx(Txo{Write: !writable, Index: v.idx, Shard: frag.shard})
defer finisher(&err0)
other, err := frag.rangeOp(tx, op, bitDepth, predicate)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
r = r.Union(other)
}
return r, nil
}
// upgradeViewBSIv2 upgrades the fragments of v. Returns ok true if any fragment upgraded.
func upgradeViewBSIv2(v *view, bitDepth uint) (ok bool, _ error) {
// If reading from an old formatted BSI roaring bitmap, upgrade and reload.
for _, frag := range v.allFragments() {
if frag.storage.Flags&roaringFlagBSIv2 == 1 {
continue // already upgraded, skip
}
ok = true // mark as upgraded, requires reload
if tmpPath, err := upgradeRoaringBSIv2(frag, bitDepth); err != nil {
return ok, errors.Wrap(err, "upgrading bsi v2")
} else if err := frag.closeStorage(); err != nil {
return ok, errors.Wrap(err, "closing after bsi v2 upgrade")
} else if err := os.Rename(tmpPath, frag.path); err != nil {
return ok, errors.Wrap(err, "renaming after bsi v2 upgrade")
} else if err := frag.openStorage(true); err != nil {
return ok, errors.Wrap(err, "re-opening after bsi v2 upgrade")
}
}
return ok, nil
}
// ViewInfo represents schema information for a view.
type ViewInfo struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
}
type viewInfoSlice []*ViewInfo
func (p viewInfoSlice) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
func (p viewInfoSlice) Len() int { return len(p) }
func (p viewInfoSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return p[i].Name < p[j].Name }
// FormatQualifiedViewName generates a qualified name for the view to be used with Tx operations.
func FormatQualifiedViewName(index, field, view string) string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s\x00%s\x00%s\x00", index, field, view)
}