_zengl.py

import re
import struct
import sys
import textwrap

VERTEX_FORMAT = {
    "uint8x2": (0x1401, 2, 0, 1),
    "uint8x4": (0x1401, 4, 0, 1),
    "sint8x2": (0x1400, 2, 0, 1),
    "sint8x4": (0x1400, 4, 0, 1),
    "unorm8x2": (0x1401, 2, 1, 0),
    "unorm8x4": (0x1401, 4, 1, 0),
    "snorm8x2": (0x1400, 2, 1, 0),
    "snorm8x4": (0x1400, 4, 1, 0),
    "uint16x2": (0x1403, 2, 0, 1),
    "uint16x4": (0x1403, 4, 0, 1),
    "sint16x2": (0x1402, 2, 0, 1),
    "sint16x4": (0x1402, 4, 0, 1),
    "unorm16x2": (0x1403, 2, 1, 0),
    "unorm16x4": (0x1403, 4, 1, 0),
    "snorm16x2": (0x1402, 2, 1, 0),
    "snorm16x4": (0x1402, 4, 1, 0),
    "float16x2": (0x140B, 2, 0, 0),
    "float16x4": (0x140B, 4, 0, 0),
    "float32": (0x1406, 1, 0, 0),
    "float32x2": (0x1406, 2, 0, 0),
    "float32x3": (0x1406, 3, 0, 0),
    "float32x4": (0x1406, 4, 0, 0),
    "uint32": (0x1405, 1, 0, 1),
    "uint32x2": (0x1405, 2, 0, 1),
    "uint32x3": (0x1405, 3, 0, 1),
    "uint32x4": (0x1405, 4, 0, 1),
    "sint32": (0x1404, 1, 0, 1),
    "sint32x2": (0x1404, 2, 0, 1),
    "sint32x3": (0x1404, 3, 0, 1),
    "sint32x4": (0x1404, 4, 0, 1),
}

IMAGE_FORMAT = {
    "r8unorm": (0x8229, 0x1903, 0x1401, 0x1800, 1, 1, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rg8unorm": (0x822B, 0x8227, 0x1401, 0x1800, 2, 2, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rgba8unorm": (0x8058, 0x1908, 0x1401, 0x1800, 4, 4, 1, 1, "f"),
    "r8snorm": (0x8F94, 0x1903, 0x1401, 0x1800, 1, 1, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rg8snorm": (0x8F95, 0x8227, 0x1401, 0x1800, 2, 2, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rgba8snorm": (0x8F97, 0x1908, 0x1401, 0x1800, 4, 4, 1, 1, "f"),
    "r8uint": (0x8232, 0x8D94, 0x1401, 0x1800, 1, 1, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rg8uint": (0x8238, 0x8228, 0x1401, 0x1800, 2, 2, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rgba8uint": (0x8D7C, 0x8D99, 0x1401, 0x1800, 4, 4, 1, 1, "u"),
    "r16uint": (0x8234, 0x8D94, 0x1403, 0x1800, 1, 2, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rg16uint": (0x823A, 0x8228, 0x1403, 0x1800, 2, 4, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rgba16uint": (0x8D76, 0x8D99, 0x1403, 0x1800, 4, 8, 1, 1, "u"),
    "r32uint": (0x8236, 0x8D94, 0x1405, 0x1800, 1, 4, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rg32uint": (0x823C, 0x8228, 0x1405, 0x1800, 2, 8, 1, 1, "u"),
    "rgba32uint": (0x8D70, 0x8D99, 0x1405, 0x1800, 4, 16, 1, 1, "u"),
    "r8sint": (0x8231, 0x8D94, 0x1400, 0x1800, 1, 1, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rg8sint": (0x8237, 0x8228, 0x1400, 0x1800, 2, 2, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rgba8sint": (0x8D8E, 0x8D99, 0x1400, 0x1800, 4, 4, 1, 1, "i"),
    "r16sint": (0x8233, 0x8D94, 0x1402, 0x1800, 1, 2, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rg16sint": (0x8239, 0x8228, 0x1402, 0x1800, 2, 4, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rgba16sint": (0x8D88, 0x8D99, 0x1402, 0x1800, 4, 8, 1, 1, "i"),
    "r32sint": (0x8235, 0x8D94, 0x1404, 0x1800, 1, 4, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rg32sint": (0x823B, 0x8228, 0x1404, 0x1800, 2, 8, 1, 1, "i"),
    "rgba32sint": (0x8D82, 0x8D99, 0x1404, 0x1800, 4, 16, 1, 1, "i"),
    "r16float": (0x822D, 0x1903, 0x1406, 0x1800, 1, 2, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rg16float": (0x822F, 0x8227, 0x1406, 0x1800, 2, 4, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rgba16float": (0x881A, 0x1908, 0x1406, 0x1800, 4, 8, 1, 1, "f"),
    "r32float": (0x822E, 0x1903, 0x1406, 0x1800, 1, 4, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rg32float": (0x8230, 0x8227, 0x1406, 0x1800, 2, 8, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rgba32float": (0x8814, 0x1908, 0x1406, 0x1800, 4, 16, 1, 1, "f"),
    "rgb10a2unorm": (0x8059, 0x1908, 0x8368, 0x1800, 4, 4, 1, 1, "f"),
    "depth16unorm": (0x81A5, 0x1902, 0x1403, 0x1801, 1, 2, 0, 2, "f"),
    "depth24plus": (0x81A6, 0x1902, 0x1405, 0x1801, 1, 4, 0, 2, "f"),
    "depth24plus-stencil8": (0x88F0, 0x84F9, 0x84FA, 0x84F9, 2, 4, 0, 6, "x"),
    "depth32float": (0x8CAC, 0x1902, 0x1406, 0x1801, 1, 4, 0, 2, "f"),
}

TOPOLOGY = {
    "points": 0,
    "lines": 1,
    "line_loop": 2,
    "line_strip": 3,
    "triangles": 4,
    "triangle_strip": 5,
    "triangle_fan": 6,
}

SHORT_VERTEX_FORMAT = {
    "2u1": ("uint8x2", 2),
    "4u1": ("uint8x4", 4),
    "2i1": ("sint8x2", 2),
    "4i1": ("sint8x4", 4),
    "2nu1": ("unorm8x2", 2),
    "4nu1": ("unorm8x4", 4),
    "2ni1": ("snorm8x2", 2),
    "4ni1": ("snorm8x4", 4),
    "2u2": ("uint16x2", 4),
    "4u2": ("uint16x4", 8),
    "2i2": ("sint16x2", 4),
    "4i2": ("sint16x4", 8),
    "2nu2": ("unorm16x2", 4),
    "4nu2": ("unorm16x4", 8),
    "2ni2": ("snorm16x2", 4),
    "4ni2": ("snorm16x4", 8),
    "2h": ("float16x2", 4),
    "4h": ("float16x4", 8),
    "1f": ("float32", 4),
    "2f": ("float32x2", 8),
    "3f": ("float32x3", 12),
    "4f": ("float32x4", 16),
    "1u": ("uint32", 4),
    "2u": ("uint32x2", 8),
    "3u": ("uint32x3", 12),
    "4u": ("uint32x4", 16),
    "1i": ("sint32", 4),
    "2i": ("sint32x2", 8),
    "3i": ("sint32x3", 12),
    "4i": ("sint32x4", 16),
}

BUFFER_ACCESS = {
    "stream_draw": 0x88E0,
    "stream_read": 0x88E1,
    "stream_copy": 0x88E2,
    "static_draw": 0x88E4,
    "static_read": 0x88E5,
    "static_copy": 0x88E6,
    "dynamic_draw": 0x88E8,
    "dynamic_read": 0x88E9,
    "dynamic_copy": 0x88EA,
}

CULL_FACE = {
    "front": 0x0404,
    "back": 0x0405,
    "front_and_back": 0x0408,
    "none": 0,
}

MIN_FILTER = {
    "nearest": 0x2600,
    "linear": 0x2601,
    "nearest_mipmap_nearest": 0x2700,
    "linear_mipmap_nearest": 0x2701,
    "nearest_mipmap_linear": 0x2702,
    "linear_mipmap_linear": 0x2703,
}

MAG_FILTER = {
    "nearest": 0x2600,
    "linear": 0x2601,
}

TEXTURE_WRAP = {
    "repeat": 0x2901,
    "clamp_to_edge": 0x812F,
    "mirrored_repeat": 0x8370,
}

COMPARE_MODE = {
    "ref_to_texture": 0x884E,
    "none": 0,
}

COMPARE_FUNC = {
    "never": 0x0200,
    "less": 0x0201,
    "equal": 0x0202,
    "lequal": 0x0203,
    "greater": 0x0204,
    "notequal": 0x0205,
    "gequal": 0x0206,
    "always": 0x0207,
}

BLEND_FUNC = {
    "add": 0x8006,
    "subtract": 0x800A,
    "reverse_subtract": 0x800B,
    "min": 0x8007,
    "max": 0x8008,
}

BLEND_CONSTANT = {
    "zero": 0,
    "one": 1,
    "src_color": 0x0300,
    "one_minus_src_color": 0x0301,
    "src_alpha": 0x0302,
    "one_minus_src_alpha": 0x0303,
    "dst_alpha": 0x0304,
    "one_minus_dst_alpha": 0x0305,
    "dst_color": 0x0306,
    "one_minus_dst_color": 0x0307,
    "src_alpha_saturate": 0x0308,
    "constant_color": 0x8001,
    "one_minus_constant_color": 0x8002,
    "constant_alpha": 0x8003,
    "one_minus_constant_alpha": 0x8004,
    "src1_alpha": 0x8589,
    "src1_color": 0x88F9,
    "one_minus_src1_color": 0x88FA,
    "one_minus_src1_alpha": 0x88FB,
}

STENCIL_OP = {
    "zero": 0,
    "keep": 0x1E00,
    "replace": 0x1E01,
    "incr": 0x1E02,
    "decr": 0x1E03,
    "invert": 0x150A,
    "incr_wrap": 0x8507,
    "decr_wrap": 0x8508,
}

STEP = {
    "vertex": 0,
    "instance": 1,
}

VERTEX_SHADER_BUILTINS = {
    "gl_VertexID",
    "gl_InstanceID",
    "gl_DrawID",
    "gl_BaseVertex",
    "gl_BaseInstance",
}

UNIFORM_PACKER = {
    0x1404: (0, 1, "i"),
    0x8B53: (1, 2, "i"),
    0x8B54: (2, 3, "i"),
    0x8B55: (3, 4, "i"),
    0x8B56: (4, 1, "i"),
    0x8B57: (5, 2, "i"),
    0x8B58: (6, 3, "i"),
    0x8B59: (7, 4, "i"),
    0x1405: (8, 1, "I"),
    0x8DC6: (9, 2, "I"),
    0x8DC7: (10, 3, "I"),
    0x8DC8: (11, 4, "I"),
    0x1406: (12, 1, "f"),
    0x8B50: (13, 2, "f"),
    0x8B51: (14, 3, "f"),
    0x8B52: (15, 4, "f"),
    0x8B5A: (16, 4, "f"),
    0x8B65: (17, 6, "f"),
    0x8B66: (18, 8, "f"),
    0x8B67: (19, 6, "f"),
    0x8B5B: (20, 9, "f"),
    0x8B68: (21, 12, "f"),
    0x8B69: (22, 8, "f"),
    0x8B6A: (23, 12, "f"),
    0x8B5C: (24, 16, "f"),
}


class DefaultLoader:
    def __init__(self):
        import ctypes

        if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
            lib = ctypes.WinDLL("Opengl32.dll")
            proc = ctypes.cast(lib.wglGetProcAddress, ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_ulonglong, ctypes.c_char_p))
            if not lib.wglGetCurrentContext():
                raise RuntimeError("Cannot detect window with OpenGL support")

            def loader(name):
                return proc(name.encode()) or ctypes.cast(lib[name], ctypes.c_void_p).value

        elif sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
            lib = ctypes.CDLL("libGL.so")
            proc = ctypes.cast(lib.glXGetProcAddress, ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_ulonglong, ctypes.c_char_p))
            if not lib.glXGetCurrentContext():
                raise RuntimeError("Cannot detect window with OpenGL support")

            def loader(name):
                return proc(name.encode()) or ctypes.cast(lib[name], ctypes.c_void_p).value

        elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
            lib = ctypes.CDLL("/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/OpenGL")

            def loader(name):
                return ctypes.cast(lib[name], ctypes.c_void_p).value

        elif sys.platform.startswith("emscripten"):
            lib = ctypes.CDLL(None)

            def loader(name):
                return ctypes.cast(lib[name], ctypes.c_void_p).value

        elif sys.platform.startswith("wasi"):
            lib = ctypes.CDLL(None)

            def loader(name):
                return ctypes.cast(lib[name], ctypes.c_void_p).value

        self.load_opengl_function = loader


def loader(headless=False):
    if headless:
        import glcontext

        return glcontext.default_backend()(glversion=330, mode="standalone")

    if sys.platform == "emscripten":
        if "pygbag" in sys.modules:
            print("ZenGL: emscripten/pygbag (pyodide emulation )")
            import pyodide
        elif "pyodide" in sys.modules:
            print("ZenGL: --------- emscripten/pyodide ---------")

        import js
        import pyodide_js
        import _zengl_js

        canvas = pyodide_js.canvas.getCanvas3D()

        if canvas is None:
            canvas = js.document.getElementById("canvas")

        if canvas is None:
            canvas = js.document.createElement("canvas")
            canvas.id = "canvas"
            canvas.style.position = "fixed"
            canvas.style.top = "0"
            canvas.style.right = "0"
            js.document.body.appendChild(canvas)
            pyodide_js.canvas.setCanvas3D(canvas)

        gl = canvas.getContext(
            "webgl2", js.window.JSON.parse('{"powerPreference": "high-performance", "premultipliedAlpha": false, "antialias": false, "alpha": false, "depth": false, "stencil": false}')
        )

        callback = js.window.eval(_zengl_js.zengl_js)
        symbols = callback(pyodide_js._module, gl)
        pyodide_js._module.mergeLibSymbols(symbols)

    return DefaultLoader()


def calcsize(layout):
    nodes = layout.split(" ")
    if nodes[-1] == "/i":
        nodes.pop()
    stride = 0
    for node in nodes:
        if node[-1] == "x":
            stride += int(node[:-1])
            continue
        stride += SHORT_VERTEX_FORMAT[node][1]
    return stride


def bind(buffer, layout, *attributes):
    nodes = layout.split(" ")
    step = "vertex"
    if nodes[-1] == "/i":
        step = "instance"
        nodes.pop()
    res = []
    offset = 0
    idx = 0
    for node in nodes:
        if node[-1] == "x":
            offset += int(node[:-1])
            continue
        if len(attributes) == idx:
            raise ValueError(f'Not enough vertex attributes for format "{layout}"')
        location = attributes[idx]
        format, size = SHORT_VERTEX_FORMAT[node]
        if location >= 0:
            res.append(
                {
                    "location": location,
                    "buffer": buffer,
                    "format": format,
                    "offset": offset,
                    "step": step,
                }
            )
        offset += size
        idx += 1

    if len(attributes) != idx:
        raise ValueError(f'Too many vertex attributes for format "{layout}"')

    for x in res:
        x["stride"] = offset

    return res


def vertex_array_bindings(vertex_buffers, index_buffer):
    res = [index_buffer]
    for obj in vertex_buffers:
        buffer = obj["buffer"]
        if buffer is not None:
            res.extend([buffer, obj["location"], obj["offset"], obj["stride"], STEP[obj["step"]], obj["format"]])
    return tuple(res)


def resource_bindings(resources):
    uniform_buffers = []
    for obj in sorted((x for x in resources if x["type"] == "uniform_buffer"), key=lambda x: x["binding"]):
        binding = obj["binding"]
        buffer = obj["buffer"]
        offset = obj.get("offset", 0)
        size = obj.get("size", buffer.size - offset)
        uniform_buffers.extend([binding, buffer, offset, size])

    samplers = []
    for obj in sorted((x for x in resources if x["type"] == "sampler"), key=lambda x: x["binding"]):
        params = (
            MIN_FILTER[obj.get("min_filter", "linear")],
            MAG_FILTER[obj.get("mag_filter", "linear")],
            float(obj.get("min_lod", -1000.0)),
            float(obj.get("max_lod", 1000.0)),
            float(obj.get("lod_bias", 0.0)),
            TEXTURE_WRAP[obj.get("wrap_x", "repeat")],
            TEXTURE_WRAP[obj.get("wrap_y", "repeat")],
            TEXTURE_WRAP[obj.get("wrap_z", "repeat")],
            COMPARE_MODE[obj.get("compare_mode", "none")],
            COMPARE_FUNC[obj.get("compare_func", "never")],
            float(obj.get("max_anisotropy", 1.0)),
        )
        samplers.extend([obj["binding"], obj["image"], params])

    return tuple(uniform_buffers), tuple(samplers)


def framebuffer_attachments(attachments):
    if attachments is None:
        return None
    attachments = [x.face() if hasattr(x, "face") else x for x in attachments]
    size = attachments[0].size
    samples = attachments[0].samples
    for attachment in attachments:
        if attachment.size != size:
            raise ValueError("Attachments must be images with the same size")
        if attachment.samples != samples:
            raise ValueError("Attachments must be images with the same number of samples")
    depth_stencil_attachment = None
    if not attachments[-1].flags & 1:
        depth_stencil_attachment = attachments[-1]
        attachments = attachments[:-1]
    for attachment in attachments:
        if not attachment.flags & 1:
            raise ValueError("The depth stencil attachments must be the last item in the framebuffer")
    return size, tuple(attachments), depth_stencil_attachment


def settings(cull_face, depth, stencil, blend, attachments):
    if attachments:
        num_color_attachments = len(attachments[1])
        has_depth = attachments[2] is not None and attachments[2].flags & 2
        has_stencil = attachments[2] is not None and attachments[2].flags & 4
    else:
        num_color_attachments = 1
        has_depth = False
        has_stencil = False

    res = [num_color_attachments, CULL_FACE[cull_face]]

    if depth is None:
        depth = {}

    if has_depth:
        res.extend([True, COMPARE_FUNC[depth.get("func", "less")], bool(depth.get("write", True))])

    else:
        res.append(False)

    if stencil is None:
        stencil = {}

    if has_stencil:
        front = stencil.get("front", stencil.get("both", {}))
        back = stencil.get("back", stencil.get("both", {}))
        res.extend(
            [
                True,
                STENCIL_OP[front.get("fail_op", "keep")],
                STENCIL_OP[front.get("pass_op", "keep")],
                STENCIL_OP[front.get("depth_fail_op", "keep")],
                COMPARE_FUNC[front.get("compare_op", "always")],
                int(front.get("compare_mask", 0xFF)),
                int(front.get("write_mask", 0xFF)),
                int(front.get("reference", 0)),
                STENCIL_OP[back.get("fail_op", "keep")],
                STENCIL_OP[back.get("pass_op", "keep")],
                STENCIL_OP[back.get("depth_fail_op", "keep")],
                COMPARE_FUNC[back.get("compare_op", "always")],
                int(back.get("compare_mask", 0xFF)),
                int(back.get("write_mask", 0xFF)),
                int(back.get("reference", 0)),
            ]
        )

    else:
        res.append(False)

    if blend is not None:
        res.append(True)
        res.extend(
            [
                BLEND_FUNC[blend.get("op_color", "add")],
                BLEND_FUNC[blend.get("op_alpha", "add")],
                BLEND_CONSTANT[blend.get("src_color", "one")],
                BLEND_CONSTANT[blend.get("dst_color", "zero")],
                BLEND_CONSTANT[blend.get("src_alpha", "one")],
                BLEND_CONSTANT[blend.get("dst_alpha", "zero")],
            ]
        )

    else:
        res.append(False)

    return tuple(res)


def program(vertex_shader, fragment_shader, layout, includes):
    def include(match):
        name = match.group(1)
        content = includes.get(name)
        if content is None:
            raise KeyError(f'cannot include "{name}"')
        return content

    vert = textwrap.dedent(vertex_shader).strip()
    vert = re.sub(r'#include\s+"([^"]*)"', include, vert)
    vert = vert.encode().replace(b"\r", b"")

    frag = textwrap.dedent(fragment_shader).strip()
    frag = re.sub(r'#include\s+"([^"]*)"', include, frag)
    frag = frag.encode().replace(b"\r", b"")

    bindings = []
    for obj in sorted(layout, key=lambda x: x["name"]):
        bindings.extend((obj["name"], obj["binding"]))

    return (vert, 0x8B31), (frag, 0x8B30), tuple(bindings)


def compile_error(shader: bytes, shader_type: int, log: bytes):
    name = {0x8B31: "Vertex Shader", 0x8B30: "Fragment Shader"}[shader_type]
    log = log.rstrip(b"\x00").decode()
    raise ValueError(f"{name} Error\n\n{log}")


def linker_error(vertex_shader: bytes, fragment_shader: bytes, log: bytes):
    log = log.rstrip(b"\x00").decode()
    raise ValueError(f"Linker Error\n\n{log}")


def flatten(iterable):
    try:
        for x in iterable:
            yield from flatten(x)
    except TypeError:
        yield iterable


def clean_glsl_name(name):
    if name.endswith("[0]"):
        return name[:-3]
    return name


def uniforms(interface, selection, uniform_data):
    uniform_map = {clean_glsl_name(obj["name"]): obj for obj in interface[1]}
    uniforms = []
    layout = bytearray()
    offset = 0

    layout.extend(struct.pack("i", len(selection)))
    for name, values in selection.items():
        if name not in uniform_map:
            raise KeyError(f'Uniform "{name}" does not exist')
        location = uniform_map[name]["location"]
        size = uniform_map[name]["size"]
        gltype = uniform_map[name]["gltype"]
        if gltype not in UNIFORM_PACKER:
            raise ValueError(f'Uniform "{name}" has an unknown type')
        function, items, format = UNIFORM_PACKER[gltype]
        if values is None:
            values_count = size * items
            values = bytes(values_count * 4)
        else:
            values = tuple(flatten(values))
            values_count = len(values)
            values = b"".join(struct.pack(format, x) for x in values)
        count = values_count // items
        if values_count > size * items:
            raise ValueError(f'Uniform "{name}" must be {size * items} long at most')
        if values_count % items:
            raise ValueError(f'Uniform "{name}" must have a length divisible by {items}')
        layout.extend(struct.pack("4i", function, location, count, offset))
        uniforms.append((name, slice(offset, offset + len(values)), values))
        offset += len(values)

    data = uniform_data if uniform_data else memoryview(bytearray(offset))

    if len(data) != offset:
        raise ValueError(f"uniform_data must be {offset} bytes long")

    mapping = {}
    for name, idx, values in uniforms:
        data[idx] = values
        mapping[name] = data[idx]
    return mapping, memoryview(layout), data


def layout_bindings(layout):
    res = []
    if not layout:
        return res
    for obj in layout:
        name = str(obj["name"])
        binding = int(obj["binding"])
        res.append((name, binding))
    return res


def validate(interface, layout, resources, vertex_buffers, info):
    attributes, uniforms, uniform_buffers = interface
    attributes = [
        {
            "name": obj["name"].replace("[0]", f"[{i:d}]"),
            "location": obj["location"] + i if obj["location"] >= 0 else -1,
        }
        for obj in attributes
        for i in range(obj["size"])
        if obj["name"] not in VERTEX_SHADER_BUILTINS
    ]
    uniforms = [
        {
            "name": obj["name"].replace("[0]", f"[{i}]"),
            "location": obj["location"] + i if obj["location"] >= 0 else -1,
        }
        for obj in uniforms
        for i in range(obj["size"])
        if obj["gltype"] not in UNIFORM_PACKER
    ]
    bound_attributes = set()
    bound_uniforms = set()
    bound_uniform_buffers = set()
    uniform_binding_map = {}
    uniform_buffer_binding_map = {}
    attribute_map = {obj["location"]: obj for obj in attributes}
    uniform_map = {obj["name"]: obj for obj in uniforms}
    uniform_buffer_map = {obj["name"]: obj for obj in uniform_buffers}
    layout_map = {obj["name"]: obj for obj in layout}
    uniform_buffer_resources = {obj["binding"]: obj for obj in resources if obj["type"] == "uniform_buffer"}
    sampler_resources = {obj["binding"]: obj for obj in resources if obj["type"] == "sampler"}
    max_uniform_block_size = info["max_uniform_block_size"]

    for obj in uniform_buffers:
        if obj["size"] > max_uniform_block_size:
            name = obj["name"]
            reason = f"the maximum supported size is {max_uniform_block_size}"
            raise ValueError(f'Uniform buffer "{name}" is too large, {reason}')

    for obj in vertex_buffers:
        location = obj["location"]
        if location < 0:
            continue
        if location not in attribute_map:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid vertex attribute location {location}")
        if location in bound_attributes:
            name = attribute_map[location]["name"]
            raise ValueError(f'Duplicate vertex attribute binding for "{name}" at location {location}')
        bound_attributes.add(location)

    for obj in attributes:
        location = obj["location"]
        if location < 0:
            continue
        if location not in bound_attributes:
            name = obj["name"]
            raise ValueError(f'Unbound vertex attribute "{name}" at location {location}')

    for obj in layout:
        name = obj["name"]
        binding = obj["binding"]
        if name in uniform_map:
            uniform_binding_map[binding] = obj
        elif name in uniform_buffer_map:
            uniform_buffer_binding_map[binding] = obj
        else:
            raise ValueError(f'Cannot set layout binding for "{name}"')

    for obj in uniforms:
        name = obj["name"]
        location = obj["location"]
        if location < 0:
            continue
        if name not in layout_map:
            raise ValueError(f'Missing layout binding for "{name}"')
        binding = layout_map[name]["binding"]
        if binding not in sampler_resources:
            raise ValueError(f'Missing resource for "{name}" with binding {binding}')

    for obj in uniform_buffers:
        name = obj["name"]
        if name not in layout_map:
            raise ValueError(f'Missing layout binding for "{name}"')
        binding = layout_map[name]["binding"]
        if binding not in uniform_buffer_resources:
            raise ValueError(f'Missing resource for "{name}" with binding {binding}')

    for obj in resources:
        resource_type = obj["type"]
        binding = obj["binding"]
        if resource_type == "uniform_buffer":
            buffer = obj["buffer"]
            if binding not in uniform_buffer_binding_map:
                raise ValueError(f"Uniform buffer binding {binding} does not exist")
            name = uniform_buffer_binding_map[binding]["name"]
            if binding in bound_uniform_buffers:
                raise ValueError(f'Duplicate uniform buffer binding for "{name}" with binding {binding}')
            size = uniform_buffer_map[name]["size"]
            if buffer.size < size:
                reason = f'{buffer.size} is less than {size} for "{name}" with binding {binding}'
                raise ValueError(f"Uniform buffer is too small, {reason}")
            bound_uniform_buffers.add(binding)
        elif resource_type == "sampler":
            image = obj["image"]
            if binding not in uniform_binding_map:
                raise ValueError(f"Sampler binding {binding} does not exist")
            name = uniform_binding_map[binding]["name"]
            if binding in bound_uniforms:
                raise ValueError(f'Duplicate sampler binding for "{name}" with binding {binding}')
            if image.samples != 1:
                raise ValueError(f'Multisample images cannot be attached to "{name}" with binding {binding}')
            bound_uniforms.add(binding)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f'Invalid resource type "{resource_type}"')