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Composite Pattern in Design Pattern
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<div class="post-description">Let's begin to learn what's Composite Pattern.</div>
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><h1>组合模式</h1>
<h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>
<p>组合模式（Composite Pattern），又叫部分整体模式，是用于把一组相似的对象当作一个单一的对象。</p>
<p>组合模式依据树形结构来组合对象，用来表示部分以及整体层次。</p>
<p>这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它创建了对象组的树形结构。</p>
<p>这种模式创建了一个包含自己对象组的类。该类提供了修改相同对象组的方式。</p>
<h2 id="主要解决">主要解决</h2>
<p>它在我们树型结构的问题中，模糊了简单元素和复杂元素的概念，客户程序可以像处理简单元素一样来处理复杂元素，从而使得客户程序与复杂元素的内部结构解耦。</p>
<h2 id="何时使用">何时使用</h2>
<ul>
<li>您想表示对象的部分-整体层次结构（树形结构）</li>
<li>您希望用户忽略组合对象与单个对象的不同，用户将统一地使用组合结构中的所有对象</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="应用实例">应用实例</h2>
<ul>
<li>算术表达式包括操作数、操作符和另一个操作数，其中，另一个操作符也可以是操作数、操作符和另一个操作数</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="优点">优点</h2>
<ul>
<li>高层模块调用简单</li>
<li>节点自由增加</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="实现">实现</h2>
<p><img src="assets/composite-pattern.png" alt="Composite Pattern"></p>
<h3 id="Employee">Employee</h3>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> individual.cy.learn.pattern.structural.composite;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.ArrayList;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.List;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> mystic</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> <span class="type">int</span> id;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String name;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String dept;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="type">int</span> salary;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> List<Employee> subordinateList;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">Employee</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> id, String name, String dept, <span class="type">int</span> salary)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.id = id;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.name = name;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.dept = dept;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.salary = salary;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.subordinateList = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayList</span><>();</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">add</span><span class="params">(Employee employee)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> subordinateList.add(employee);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">remove</span><span class="params">(Employee employee)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> subordinateList.remove(employee);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">getId</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> id;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">getName</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> name;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setName</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.name = name;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">getDept</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> dept;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setDept</span><span class="params">(String dept)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.dept = dept;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">getSalary</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> salary;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setSalary</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> salary)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.salary = salary;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> List<Employee> <span class="title function_">getSubordinateList</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> subordinateList;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">toString</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"Employee{"</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"id="</span> + id +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">", name='"</span> + name + <span class="string">'\''</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">", dept='"</span> + dept + <span class="string">'\''</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">", salary="</span> + salary +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'}'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="Tester">Tester</h3>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> individual.cy.learn.pattern.structural.composite;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> mystic</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">CompositePatternTester</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">ceo</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">10000</span>, <span class="string">"Adam"</span>, <span class="string">"CEO"</span>, <span class="number">70000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">headSales</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">20000</span>, <span class="string">"Robert"</span>, <span class="string">"Head Sales"</span>, <span class="number">20000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">headMarketing</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">30000</span>, <span class="string">"Michel"</span>, <span class="string">"Head Marketing"</span>, <span class="number">20000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">salesExecutive1</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">20001</span>, <span class="string">"Richard"</span>, <span class="string">"Sales"</span>, <span class="number">10000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">salesExecutive2</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">20002</span>, <span class="string">"Rob"</span>, <span class="string">"Sales"</span>, <span class="number">10000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">clerk1</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">30001</span>, <span class="string">"Laura"</span>, <span class="string">"Marketing"</span>, <span class="number">10000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Employee</span> <span class="variable">clerk2</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Employee</span>(<span class="number">30002</span>, <span class="string">"Bob"</span>, <span class="string">"Marketing"</span>, <span class="number">10000</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> ceo.add(headSales);</span><br><span class="line"> ceo.add(headMarketing);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> headSales.add(salesExecutive1);</span><br><span class="line"> headSales.add(salesExecutive2);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> headMarketing.add(clerk1);</span><br><span class="line"> headMarketing.add(clerk2);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"ceo = "</span> + ceo);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// print ceo immediate subordinate</span></span><br><span class="line"> ceo.getSubordinateList().forEach(System.out::println);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// print ceo immediate subordinate's immediate subordinate</span></span><br><span class="line"> ceo.getSubordinateList().stream()</span><br><span class="line"> .flatMap(ceoSubordinate -> ceoSubordinate.getSubordinateList().stream())</span><br><span class="line"> .forEach(System.out::println);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<hr>
<figure class="highlight text"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ceo = Employee{id=10000, name='Adam', dept='CEO', salary=70000}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=20000, name='Robert', dept='Head Sales', salary=20000}</span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=30000, name='Michel', dept='Head Marketing', salary=20000}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=20001, name='Richard', dept='Sales', salary=10000}</span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=20002, name='Rob', dept='Sales', salary=10000}</span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=30001, name='Laura', dept='Marketing', salary=10000}</span><br><span class="line">Employee{id=30002, name='Bob', dept='Marketing', salary=10000}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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