The Edimax AC600 needs special treatment to install the drivers for Debian on the BeagleBone Black or BeagleBone Green.
The instructions are based on those found here.
apt-get update
apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential git
git clone https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au.git
cd ~/rtl8812au
#
# Before we can run `make`, we need to add the `armv7l` directory. I don't know why it's missing or if it's the correct thing
# to do. But if fixes a `make` problem and doesn't have any issues.
#
ln -s /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/arch/arm /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/arch/armv7l
# Now we can continue and make
make
make install
modprobe 8812au