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megahal.c
3509 lines (2980 loc) · 82.1 KB
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megahal.c
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/*===========================================================================*/
/*
* Copyright (C) 1998 Jason Hutchens
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
* Software Foundation; either version 2 of the license or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the Gnu Public License for more
* details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
* 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/*===========================================================================*/
/*
* $Id: megahal.c,v 1.2 2004/02/25 20:19:40 lfousse Exp $
*
* File: megahal.c
*
* Program: MegaHAL
*
* Purpose: To simulate a natural language conversation with a psychotic
* computer. This is achieved by learning from the user's
* input using a third-order Markov model on the word level.
* Words are considered to be sequences of characters separated
* by whitespace and punctuation. Replies are generated
* randomly based on a keyword, and they are scored using
* measures of surprise.
*
* Author: Mr. Jason L. Hutchens (http://www.amristar.com.au/~hutch/)
*
* WWW: http://megahal.sourceforge.net
*
* Compilation Notes
* =================
*
* When compiling, be sure to link with the maths library so that the
* log() function can be found.
*
* On the Macintosh, add the library SpeechLib to your project. It is
* very important that you set the attributes to Import Weak. You can
* do this by selecting the lib and then use Project Inspector from the
* Window menu.
*
* CREDITS
* =======
*
* Amiga (AmigaOS)
* ---------------
* Dag Agren (dagren@ra.abo.fi)
*
* DEC (OSF)
* ---------
* Jason Hutchens (hutch@ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au)
*
* Macintosh
* ---------
* Paul Baxter (pbaxter@assistivetech.com)
* Doug Turner (dturner@best.com)
*
* PC (Linux)
* ----------
* Jason Hutchens (hutch@ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au)
*
* PC (OS/2)
* ---------
* Bjorn Karlowsky (?)
*
* PC (Windows 3.11)
* -----------------
* Jim Crawford (pfister_@hotmail.com)
*
* PC (Windows '95)
* ----------------
* Jason Hutchens (hutch@ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au)
*
* PPC (Linux)
* -----------
* Lucas Vergnettes (Lucasv@sdf.lonestar.org)
*
* SGI (Irix)
* ----------
* Jason Hutchens (hutch@ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au)
*
* Sun (SunOS)
* -----------
* Jason Hutchens (hutch@ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au)
*/
/*===========================================================================*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#if !defined(AMIGA) && !defined(__mac_os)
#include <malloc.h>
#endif
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#if defined(__mac_os)
#include <types.h>
#include <Speech.h>
#else
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#include "megahal.h"
#if defined(DEBUG)
#include "debug.h"
#endif
#define P_THINK 40
#define D_KEY 100000
#define V_KEY 50000
#define D_THINK 500000
#define V_THINK 250000
#define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b))?(a):(b)
#define COOKIE "MegaHALv8"
#define TIMEOUT 1
#define DEFAULT "."
#define COMMAND_SIZE (sizeof(command)/sizeof(command[0]))
#define BYTE1 unsigned char
#define BYTE2 unsigned short
#define BYTE4 unsigned long
#ifdef __mac_os
#define bool Boolean
#endif
#ifdef DOS
#define SEP "\\"
#else
#define SEP "/"
#endif
#ifdef AMIGA
#undef toupper
#define toupper(x) ToUpper(x)
#undef tolower
#define tolower(x) ToLower(x)
#undef isalpha
#define isalpha(x) IsAlpha(_AmigaLocale,x)
#undef isalnum
#define isalnum(x) IsAlNum(_AmigaLocale,x)
#undef isdigit
#define isdigit(x) IsDigit(_AmigaLocale,x)
#undef isspace
#define isspace(x) IsSpace(_AmigaLocale,x)
#endif
#ifndef __mac_os
#undef FALSE
#undef TRUE
typedef enum { FALSE, TRUE } bool;
#endif
typedef struct {
BYTE1 length;
char *word;
} STRING;
typedef struct {
BYTE4 size;
STRING *entry;
BYTE2 *index;
} DICTIONARY;
typedef struct {
BYTE2 size;
STRING *from;
STRING *to;
} SWAP;
typedef struct NODE {
BYTE2 symbol;
BYTE4 usage;
BYTE2 count;
BYTE2 branch;
struct NODE **tree;
} TREE;
typedef struct {
BYTE1 order;
TREE *forward;
TREE *backward;
TREE **context;
DICTIONARY *dictionary;
} MODEL;
typedef enum { UNKNOWN, QUIT, EXIT, SAVE, DELAY, HELP, SPEECH, VOICELIST, VOICE, BRAIN, QUIET} COMMAND_WORDS;
typedef struct {
STRING word;
char *helpstring;
COMMAND_WORDS command;
} COMMAND;
/*===========================================================================*/
static int width=75;
static int order=5;
static bool typing_delay=FALSE;
static bool noprompt=FALSE;
static bool speech=FALSE;
static bool quiet=FALSE;
static bool nowrap=FALSE;
static bool nobanner=FALSE;
static char *errorfilename = "megahal.log";
static char *statusfilename = "megahal.txt";
static DICTIONARY *words=NULL;
static DICTIONARY *greets=NULL;
static MODEL *model=NULL;
static FILE *errorfp;
static FILE *statusfp;
static DICTIONARY *ban=NULL;
static DICTIONARY *aux=NULL;
/*static DICTIONARY *fin=NULL; not used */
static DICTIONARY *grt=NULL;
static SWAP *swp=NULL;
static bool used_key;
static char *directory=NULL;
static char *last=NULL;
static COMMAND command[] = {
{ { 4, "QUIT" }, "quits the program and saves MegaHAL's brain", QUIT },
{ { 4, "EXIT" }, "exits the program *without* saving MegaHAL's brain", EXIT },
{ { 4, "SAVE" }, "saves the current MegaHAL brain", SAVE },
{ { 5, "DELAY" }, "toggles MegaHAL's typing delay (off by default)", DELAY },
{ { 6, "SPEECH" }, "toggles MegaHAL's speech (off by default)", SPEECH },
{ { 6, "VOICES" }, "list available voices for speech", VOICELIST },
{ { 5, "VOICE" }, "switches to voice specified", VOICE },
{ { 5, "BRAIN" }, "change to another MegaHAL personality", BRAIN },
{ { 4, "HELP" }, "displays this message", HELP },
{ { 5, "QUIET" }, "toggles MegaHAL's responses (on by default)",QUIET},
/*
{ { 5, "STATS" }, "Display stats", STATS},
{ { 5, "STATS-SESSION" }, "Display stats for this session only",STATS_SESSION},
{ { 5, "STATS-ALL" },"Display stats for the whole lifetime",STATS-ALL},
*/
};
#ifdef AMIGA
struct Locale *_AmigaLocale;
#endif
#ifdef __mac_os
Boolean gSpeechExists = false;
SpeechChannel gSpeechChannel = nil;
#endif
/* FIXME - these need to be static */
static void add_aux(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *, STRING);
static void add_key(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *, STRING);
static void add_node(TREE *, TREE *, int);
static void add_swap(SWAP *, char *, char *);
static TREE *add_symbol(TREE *, BYTE2);
static BYTE2 add_word(DICTIONARY *, STRING);
static int babble(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *, DICTIONARY *);
static bool boundary(char *, int);
static void capitalize(char *);
static void changevoice(DICTIONARY *, int);
static void change_personality(DICTIONARY *, unsigned int, MODEL **);
static void delay(char *);
static void die(int);
static bool dissimilar(DICTIONARY *, DICTIONARY *);
static void error(char *, char *, ...);
static float evaluate_reply(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *, DICTIONARY *);
static COMMAND_WORDS execute_command(DICTIONARY *, int *);
static void exithal(void);
static TREE *find_symbol(TREE *, int);
static TREE *find_symbol_add(TREE *, int);
static BYTE2 find_word(DICTIONARY *, STRING);
static char *generate_reply(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *);
static void help(void);
static void ignore(int);
static bool initialize_error(char *);
#ifdef __mac_os
static bool initialize_speech(void);
#endif
static bool initialize_status(char *);
static void learn(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *);
static void listvoices(void);
static void make_greeting(DICTIONARY *);
static void make_words(char *, DICTIONARY *);
static DICTIONARY *new_dictionary(void);
static char *read_input(char *);
static void save_model(char *, MODEL *);
#ifdef __mac_os
static char *strdup(const char *);
#endif
static void upper(char *);
static void write_input(char *);
static void write_output(char *);
#if defined(DOS) || defined(__mac_os)
static void usleep(int);
#endif
static char *format_output(char *);
static void free_dictionary(DICTIONARY *);
static void free_model(MODEL *);
static void free_tree(TREE *);
static void free_word(STRING);
static void free_words(DICTIONARY *);
static void initialize_context(MODEL *);
static void initialize_dictionary(DICTIONARY *);
static DICTIONARY *initialize_list(char *);
static SWAP *initialize_swap(char *);
static void load_dictionary(FILE *, DICTIONARY *);
static bool load_model(char *, MODEL *);
static void load_personality(MODEL **);
static void load_tree(FILE *, TREE *);
static void load_word(FILE *, DICTIONARY *);
static DICTIONARY *make_keywords(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *);
static char *make_output(DICTIONARY *);
static MODEL *new_model(int);
static TREE *new_node(void);
static SWAP *new_swap(void);
static bool print_header(FILE *);
static bool progress(char *, int, int);
static DICTIONARY *reply(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *);
static void save_dictionary(FILE *, DICTIONARY *);
static void save_tree(FILE *, TREE *);
static void save_word(FILE *, STRING);
static int search_dictionary(DICTIONARY *, STRING, bool *);
static int search_node(TREE *, int, bool *);
static int seed(MODEL *, DICTIONARY *);
static void show_dictionary(DICTIONARY *);
static void speak(char *);
static bool status(char *, ...);
static void train(MODEL *, char *);
static void typein(char);
static void update_context(MODEL *, int);
static void update_model(MODEL *, int);
static bool warn(char *, char *, ...);
static int wordcmp(STRING, STRING);
static bool word_exists(DICTIONARY *, STRING);
static int rnd(int);
/* Function: setnoprompt
Purpose: Set noprompt variable.
*/
void megahal_setnoprompt(void)
{
noprompt = TRUE;
}
void megahal_setnowrap (void)
{
nowrap = TRUE;
}
void megahal_setnobanner (void)
{
nobanner = TRUE;
}
void megahal_seterrorfile(char *filename)
{
errorfilename = filename;
}
void megahal_setstatusfile(char *filename)
{
statusfilename = filename;
}
void megahal_setdirectory (char *dir)
{
directory = dir;
}
/*
megahal_initialize --
Initialize various brains and files.
Results:
None.
*/
void megahal_initialize(void)
{
errorfp = stderr;
statusfp = stdout;
initialize_error(errorfilename);
initialize_status(statusfilename);
ignore(0);
#ifdef AMIGA
_AmigaLocale=OpenLocale(NULL);
#endif
#ifdef __mac_os
gSpeechExists = initialize_speech();
#endif
if(!nobanner)
fprintf(stdout,
"+------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n"
"| |\n"
"| # # ###### #### ## # # ## # |\n"
"| ## ## # # # # # # # # # # ### |\n"
"| # ## # ##### # # # ###### # # # # # |\n"
"| # # # # ### ###### # # ###### # # # ### |\n"
"| # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # |\n"
"| # # ###### #### # # # # # # ###### # ###r6 |\n"
"| |\n"
"| Copyright(C) 1998 Jason Hutchens |\n"
"+------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n"
);
words = new_dictionary();
greets = new_dictionary();
change_personality(NULL, 0, &model);
}
/*
megahal_do_reply --
Take string as input, and return allocated string as output. The
user is responsible for freeing this memory.
*/
char *megahal_do_reply(char *input, int log)
{
char *output = NULL;
if (log != 0)
write_input(input); /* log input if so desired */
upper(input);
make_words(input, words);
learn(model, words);
output = generate_reply(model, words);
capitalize(output);
return output;
}
/*
megahal_learn_no_reply --
Take string as input, update model but don't generate reply.
*/
void megahal_learn_no_reply(char *input, int log)
{
if (log != 0)
write_input(input); /* log input if so desired */
upper(input);
make_words(input, words);
learn(model, words);
}
/*
megahal_initial_greeting --
This function returns an initial greeting. It can be used to start
Megahal conversations, but it isn't necessary.
*/
char *megahal_initial_greeting(void)
{
char *output;
make_greeting(greets);
output = generate_reply(model, greets);
return output;
}
/*
megahal_output --
This function pretty prints output.
Wrapper function to have things in the right namespace.
*/
void megahal_output(char *output)
{
if(!quiet)
write_output(output);
}
/*
megahal_input --
Get a string from stdin, using a prompt.
*/
char *megahal_input(char *prompt)
{
if (noprompt)
return read_input("");
else
return read_input(prompt);
}
/*
megahal_command --
Check to see if input is a megahal command, and if so, act upon it.
Returns 1 if it is a command, 0 if it is not.
*/
int megahal_command(char *input)
{
int position = 0;
char *output;
make_words(input,words);
switch(execute_command(words, &position)) {
case EXIT:
exithal();
break;
case QUIT:
save_model("megahal.brn", model);
exithal();
break;
case SAVE:
save_model("megahal.brn", model);
break;
case DELAY:
typing_delay=!typing_delay;
printf("MegaHAL typing is now %s.\n", typing_delay?"on":"off");
return 1;
case SPEECH:
speech=!speech;
printf("MegaHAL speech is now %s.\n", speech?"on":"off");
return 1;
case HELP:
help();
return 1;
case VOICELIST:
listvoices();
return 1;
case VOICE:
changevoice(words, position);
return 1;
case BRAIN:
change_personality(words, position, &model);
make_greeting(greets);
output=generate_reply(model, greets);
write_output(output);
return 1;
case QUIET:
quiet=!quiet;
return 1;
default:
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
/*
megahal_cleanup --
Clean up everything. Prepare for exit.
*/
void megahal_cleanup(void)
{
save_model("megahal.brn", model);
#ifdef AMIGA
CloseLocale(_AmigaLocale);
#endif
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Execute_Command
*
* Purpose: Detect whether the user has typed a command, and
* execute the corresponding function.
*/
COMMAND_WORDS execute_command(DICTIONARY *words, int *position)
{
register unsigned int i;
register unsigned int j;
/*
* If there is only one word, then it can't be a command.
*/
*position=words->size+1;
if(words->size<=1) return(UNKNOWN);
/*
* Search through the word array. If a command prefix is found,
* then try to match the following word with a command word. If
* a match is found, then return a command identifier. If the
* Following word is a number, then change the judge. Otherwise,
* continue the search.
*/
for(i=0; i<words->size-1; ++i)
/*
* The command prefix was found.
*/
if(words->entry[i].word[words->entry[i].length - 1] == '#') {
/*
* Look for a command word.
*/
for(j = 0; j < COMMAND_SIZE; ++j)
if(wordcmp(command[j].word, words->entry[i + 1]) == 0) {
*position = i + 1;
return(command[j].command);
}
}
return(UNKNOWN);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: ExitHAL
*
* Purpose: Terminate the program.
*/
void exithal(void)
{
#ifdef __mac_os
/*
* Must be called because it does use some system memory
*/
if (gSpeechChannel) {
StopSpeech(gSpeechChannel);
DisposeSpeechChannel(gSpeechChannel);
gSpeechChannel = nil;
}
#endif
exit(0);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Read_Input
*
* Purpose: Read an input string from the user.
*/
char *read_input(char *prompt)
{
static char *input=NULL;
bool finish;
int length;
int c;
/*
* Perform some initializations. The finish boolean variable is used
* to detect a double line-feed, while length contains the number of
* characters in the input string.
*/
finish=FALSE;
length=0;
if(input==NULL) {
input=(char *)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(input==NULL) {
error("read_input", "Unable to allocate the input string");
return(input);
}
}
/*
* Display the prompt to the user.
*/
fprintf(stdout, prompt);
fflush(stdout);
/*
* Loop forever, reading characters and putting them into the input
* string.
*/
while(TRUE) {
/*
* Read a single character from stdin.
*/
c=getc(stdin);
/*
* If the character is a line-feed, then set the finish variable
* to TRUE. If it already is TRUE, then this is a double line-feed,
* in which case we should exit. After a line-feed, display the
* prompt again, and set the character to the space character, as
* we don't permit linefeeds to appear in the input.
*/
if((char)(c)=='\n') {
if(finish==TRUE) break;
fprintf(stdout, prompt);
fflush(stdout);
finish=TRUE;
c=32;
} else {
finish=FALSE;
}
/*
* Re-allocate the input string so that it can hold one more
* character.
*/
++length;
input=(char *)realloc((char *)input,sizeof(char)*(length+1));
if(input==NULL) {
error("read_input", "Unable to re-allocate the input string");
return(NULL);
}
/*
* Add the character just read to the input string.
*/
input[length-1]=(char)c;
input[length]='\0';
}
while(isspace(input[length-1])) --length;
input[length]='\0';
/*
* We have finished, so return the input string.
*/
return(input);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Initialize_Error
*
* Purpose: Close the current error file pointer, and open a new one.
*/
bool initialize_error(char *filename)
{
if(errorfp!=stderr) fclose(errorfp);
if(filename==NULL) return(TRUE);
errorfp = fopen(filename, "a");
if(errorfp==NULL) {
errorfp=stderr;
return(FALSE);
}
return(print_header(errorfp));
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Error
*
* Purpose: Print the specified message to the error file.
*/
void error(char *title, char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list argp;
fprintf(errorfp, "%s: ", title);
va_start(argp, fmt);
vfprintf(errorfp, fmt, argp);
va_end(argp);
fprintf(errorfp, ".\n");
fflush(errorfp);
fprintf(stderr, "MegaHAL died for some reason; check the error log.\n");
exit(1);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
bool warn(char *title, char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list argp;
fprintf(errorfp, "%s: ", title);
va_start(argp, fmt);
vfprintf(errorfp, fmt, argp);
va_end(argp);
fprintf(errorfp, ".\n");
fflush(errorfp);
fprintf(stderr, "MegaHAL emitted a warning; check the error log.\n");
return(TRUE);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Initialize_Status
*
* Purpose: Close the current status file pointer, and open a new one.
*/
bool initialize_status(char *filename)
{
if(statusfp!=stdout) fclose(statusfp);
if(filename==NULL) return(FALSE);
statusfp=fopen(filename, "a");
if(statusfp==NULL) {
statusfp=stdout;
return(FALSE);
}
return(print_header(statusfp));
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Status
*
* Purpose: Print the specified message to the status file.
*/
bool status(char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list argp;
va_start(argp, fmt);
vfprintf(statusfp, fmt, argp);
va_end(argp);
fflush(statusfp);
return(TRUE);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Print_Header
*
* Purpose: Display a copyright message and timestamp.
*/
bool print_header(FILE *file)
{
time_t clock;
char timestamp[1024];
struct tm *local;
clock=time(NULL);
local=localtime(&clock);
strftime(timestamp, 1024, "Start at: [%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S]\n", local);
fprintf(file, "MegaHALv8\n");
fprintf(file, "Copyright (C) 1998 Jason Hutchens\n");
fprintf(file, timestamp);
fflush(file);
return(TRUE);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Write_Output
*
* Purpose: Display the output string.
*/
void write_output(char *output)
{
char *formatted;
char *bit;
capitalize(output);
speak(output);
width=75;
formatted=format_output(output);
delay(formatted);
width=64;
formatted=format_output(output);
bit=strtok(formatted, "\n");
if(bit==NULL) (void)status("MegaHAL: %s\n", formatted);
while(bit!=NULL) {
(void)status("MegaHAL: %s\n", bit);
bit=strtok(NULL, "\n");
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Capitalize
*
* Purpose: Convert a string to look nice.
*/
void capitalize(char *string)
{
register unsigned int i;
bool start=TRUE;
for(i=0; i<strlen(string); ++i) {
if(isalpha(string[i])) {
if(start==TRUE) string[i]=(char)toupper((int)string[i]);
else string[i]=(char)tolower((int)string[i]);
start=FALSE;
}
if((i>2)&&(strchr("!.?", string[i-1])!=NULL)&&(isspace(string[i])))
start=TRUE;
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Upper
*
* Purpose: Convert a string to its uppercase representation.
*/
void upper(char *string)
{
register unsigned int i;
for(i=0; i<strlen(string); ++i) string[i]=(char)toupper((int)string[i]);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Write_Input
*
* Purpose: Log the user's input
*/
void write_input(char *input)
{
char *formatted;
char *bit;
width=64;
formatted=format_output(input);
bit=strtok(formatted, "\n");
if(bit==NULL) (void)status("User: %s\n", formatted);
while(bit!=NULL) {
(void)status("User: %s\n", bit);
bit=strtok(NULL, "\n");
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Function: Format_Output
*
* Purpose: Format a string to display nicely on a terminal of a given
* width.
*/
static char *format_output(char *output)
{
static char *formatted=NULL;
register unsigned int i,j,c;
int l;
if(formatted==NULL) {
formatted=(char *)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(formatted==NULL) {
error("format_output", "Unable to allocate formatted");
return("ERROR");
}