Assuming you've already read about :ref:`cascading_style_sheets_about`, this is an example that shows how use CSS to style a document.
Let's start with a basic HTML document that has no CSS and no style information.
We'll include a line to an :ref:`external-css` that we will eventually fill in with
style information. Note that the filename we specified is css-test.css
. You might
want a different file name for your project.
.. literalinclude:: css_test.html :linenos: :language: html :emphasize-lines: 9
If you open this document in a web browser, before we add the CSS, it looks like this:
First, let's just make sure our external style sheet is working. Create a new file called css_test.css
in the
same directory as the HTML document. We'll select the <body>
tag and make the background color red. That should
make it very obvious if it works or not.
body {
background-color: red;
}
If it doesn't work, make sure the <link>
tag in your html is correct, the file name matches, and they are in
the same directory. Ask the instructor for help if needed.
A red background looks terrible, so let's just update it to an off-white color:
body {
background-color: #ece3d7;
}
We can change fonts as well. This changes the font of every paragraph. See W3Schools section on specifying fonts.
p {
font-family: arial, sans-serif;
}
A bit more work and we can specify font size, color, and alignment of our <h1>
and <h2>
headings:
h1 {
font-size: 24px;
font-family: arial,sans-serif;
color: rgb(147, 26, 42);
text-align: center;
}
h2 {
font-size: 20px;
font-family: arial,sans-serif;
color: rgb(147, 26, 42);
}
You can specify the width
, or the max-width
of an element to keep the text from getting too long.
You can enforce spacing by specifying padding and margin. See
W3Schools article on the box model.
In addition to specifying padding
you can also specify top-padding
or left-padding
for example.
section {
background: #FFFFFF;
max-width: 800px;
padding: 5px;
}
You can put borders around things:
article {
border-style: solid;
border-width: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin: 5px;
padding: 5px;
}
Here's the full example. Don't forget you can use W3Schools CSS Reference to look up additional info on any of these attributes.
.. literalinclude:: css_test.css :linenos: :language: css
Here's the result:
We will go through this example in class. Outside of class, go through this tutorial:
http://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp
Don't check in any updates to your website with CSS, we'll do that later.