build_main.py

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2005-2023, PyInstaller Development Team.
#
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (version 2
# or later) with exception for distributing the bootloader.
#
# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-or-later WITH Bootloader-exception)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
Build packages using spec files.

NOTE: All global variables, classes and imported modules create API for .spec files.
"""

import glob
import os
import pprint
import shutil
import enum

import sys

from PyInstaller import DEFAULT_DISTPATH, DEFAULT_WORKPATH, HOMEPATH, compat
from PyInstaller import log as logging
from PyInstaller.archive import pyz_crypto
from PyInstaller.building.api import COLLECT, EXE, MERGE, PYZ
from PyInstaller.building.datastruct import TOC, Target, Tree, _check_guts_eq, normalize_toc, normalize_pyz_toc
from PyInstaller.building.osx import BUNDLE
from PyInstaller.building.splash import Splash
from PyInstaller.building.toc_conversion import DependencyProcessor
from PyInstaller.building.utils import (
    _check_guts_toc, _check_guts_toc_mtime, _should_include_system_binary, format_binaries_and_datas, compile_pymodule,
    add_suffix_to_extension, postprocess_binaries_toc_pywin32, postprocess_binaries_toc_pywin32_anaconda
)
from PyInstaller.compat import PYDYLIB_NAMES, is_win, is_conda
from PyInstaller.depend import bindepend
from PyInstaller.depend.analysis import initialize_modgraph
from PyInstaller.depend.utils import create_py3_base_library, scan_code_for_ctypes
from PyInstaller import isolated
from PyInstaller.utils.misc import absnormpath, get_path_to_toplevel_modules, get_unicode_modules, mtime
from PyInstaller.utils.hooks.gi import compile_glib_schema_files

if is_win:
    from PyInstaller.utils.win32 import winmanifest

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

STRINGTYPE = type('')
TUPLETYPE = type((None,))

rthooks = {}

# Place where the loader modules and initialization scripts live.
_init_code_path = os.path.join(HOMEPATH, 'PyInstaller', 'loader')

IMPORT_TYPES = [
    'top-level', 'conditional', 'delayed', 'delayed, conditional', 'optional', 'conditional, optional',
    'delayed, optional', 'delayed, conditional, optional'
]

WARNFILE_HEADER = """\

This file lists modules PyInstaller was not able to find. This does not
necessarily mean this module is required for running your program. Python and
Python 3rd-party packages include a lot of conditional or optional modules. For
example the module 'ntpath' only exists on Windows, whereas the module
'posixpath' only exists on Posix systems.

Types if import:
* top-level: imported at the top-level - look at these first
* conditional: imported within an if-statement
* delayed: imported within a function
* optional: imported within a try-except-statement

IMPORTANT: Do NOT post this list to the issue-tracker. Use it as a basis for
            tracking down the missing module yourself. Thanks!

"""


@isolated.decorate
def discover_hook_directories():
    """
    Discover hook directories via pkg_resources and pyinstaller40 entry points. Perform the discovery in a subprocess
    to avoid importing the package(s) in the main process.

    :return: list of discovered hook directories.
    """

    import sys  # noqa: F401
    from traceback import format_exception_only
    import pkg_resources
    from PyInstaller.log import logger

    entry_points = pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('pyinstaller40', 'hook-dirs')
    # Ensure that pyinstaller_hooks_contrib comes last so that hooks from packages providing their own take priority.
    entry_points = sorted(entry_points, key=lambda x: x.module_name == "_pyinstaller_hooks_contrib.hooks")

    hook_directories = []
    for entry_point in entry_points:
        try:
            hook_directories.extend(entry_point.load()())
        except Exception as e:
            msg = "".join(format_exception_only(type(e), e)).strip()
            logger.warning("discover_hook_directories: Failed to process hook entry point '%s': %s", entry_point, msg)

    logger.debug("discover_hook_directories: Hook directories: %s", hook_directories)

    return hook_directories


# NOTE: this helper is called via isolated.call() in Analysis.assemble(). We cannot use @isolated.decorate here, because
# one of the tests (test_regression::test_issue_5131) needs to be able to monkey-patch it, in order to override the
# bindepend.getImports() in the isolated subprocess (!) with its own implementation...
def find_binary_dependencies(binaries, binding_redirects, import_packages):
    """
    Find dynamic dependencies (linked shared libraries) for the provided list of binaries.

    Before scanning the binaries, the function imports the packages from provided list of packages to import, to ensure
    that library search paths are properly set up (i.e., if a package sets up search paths when imported). Therefore,
    this function *must* always be called in an isolated subprocess to avoid import leaks!

    binaries
            List of binaries to scan for dynamic dependencies.
    binding_redirects
            List of assembly binding redirects.
    import_packages
            List of packages to import prior to scanning binaries.

    :return: expanded list of binaries and then dependencies.
    """
    import os

    from PyInstaller.depend import bindepend
    from PyInstaller.building.build_main import logger
    from PyInstaller import compat

    # Extra library search paths (used on Windows to resolve DLL paths).
    #
    # Always search `sys.base_prefix`, and search it first. This ensures that we resolve the correct version of
    # `python3X.dll` and `python3.dll` (a PEP-0384 stable ABI stub that forwards symbols to the fully versioned
    # `python3X.dll`), regardless of other python installations that might be present in the PATH.
    extra_libdirs = []
    if compat.is_win:
        extra_libdirs.append(compat.base_prefix)

    # On Windows, packages' initialization code might register additional DLL search paths, either by modifying the
    # `PATH` environment variable, or by calling `os.add_dll_directory`. Therefore, we import
    # all collected packages, and track changes made to the environment.
    if compat.is_win:
        # Track changes made via `os.add_dll_directory`.
        added_dll_directories = []
        _orig_add_dll_directory = os.add_dll_directory

        def _pyi_add_dll_directory(path):
            added_dll_directories.append(path)
            return _orig_add_dll_directory(path)

        os.add_dll_directory = _pyi_add_dll_directory

        # Import collected packages to set up environment.
        for package in import_packages:
            try:
                __import__(package)
            except Exception:
                pass

        # Process extra search paths...
        # Directories added via os.add_dll_directory() calls.
        logger.info("Extra DLL search directories (AddDllDirectory): %r", added_dll_directories)
        extra_libdirs += added_dll_directories

        # Restore original function
        os.add_dll_directory = _orig_add_dll_directory

        # Directories set via PATH environment variable.
        # NOTE: PATH might contain empty entries that need to be filtered out.
        path_directories = [directory for directory in os.environ.get("PATH", '').split(os.pathsep) if directory]
        logger.info("Extra DLL search directories (PATH): %r", path_directories)
        extra_libdirs += path_directories

    # Search for dependencies of the given binaries
    return bindepend.Dependencies(binaries, redirects=binding_redirects, xtrapath=extra_libdirs)


class _ModuleCollectionMode(enum.IntFlag):
    """
    Module collection mode flags.
    """
    PYZ = enum.auto()  # Collect byte-compiled .pyc into PYZ archive
    PYC = enum.auto()  # Collect byte-compiled .pyc as external data file
    PY = enum.auto()  # Collect source .py file as external data file


_MODULE_COLLECTION_MODES = {
    "pyz": _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ,
    "pyc": _ModuleCollectionMode.PYC,
    "py": _ModuleCollectionMode.PY,
    "pyz+py": _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ | _ModuleCollectionMode.PY,
    "py+pyz": _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ | _ModuleCollectionMode.PY,
}


def _get_module_collection_mode(mode_dict, name, noarchive=False):
    """
    Determine the module/package collection mode for the given module name, based on the provided collection
    mode settings dictionary.
    """
    # Default mode: collect into PYZ, unless noarchive is enabled. In that case, collect as pyc.
    mode_flags = _ModuleCollectionMode.PYC if noarchive else _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ

    # If we have no collection mode settings, end here and now.
    if not mode_dict:
        return mode_flags

    # Search the parent modules/packages in top-down fashion, and take the last given setting. This ensures that
    # a setting given for the top-level package is recursively propagated to all its subpackages and submodules,
    # but also allows individual sub-modules to override the setting again.
    mode = 'pyz'

    name_parts = name.split('.')
    for i in range(len(name_parts)):
        modlevel = ".".join(name_parts[:i + 1])
        modlevel_mode = mode_dict.get(modlevel, None)
        if modlevel_mode is not None:
            mode = modlevel_mode

    # Convert mode string to _ModuleCollectionMode flags
    try:
        mode_flags = _MODULE_COLLECTION_MODES[mode]
    except KeyError:
        raise ValueError(f"Unknown module collection mode for {name!r}: {mode!r}!")

    # noarchive flag being set means that we need to change _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ into _ModuleCollectionMode.PYC
    if noarchive and _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ in mode_flags:
        mode_flags ^= _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ
        mode_flags |= _ModuleCollectionMode.PYC

    return mode_flags


class Analysis(Target):
    """
    Class that performs analysis of the user's main Python scripts.

    An Analysis has five outputs, all TOC (Table of lists Contents) accessed as attributes of the analysis.

    scripts
            The scripts you gave Analysis as input, with any runtime hook scripts prepended.
    pure
            The pure Python modules.
    binaries
            The extensionmodules and their dependencies. The secondary dependencies are filtered. On Windows files from
            C:\\Windows are excluded by default. On Linux/Unix only system libraries from /lib or /usr/lib are excluded.
    datas
            Data-file dependencies. These are data-file that are found to be needed by modules. They can be anything:
            plugins, font files, images, translations, etc.
    zipfiles
            The zipfiles dependencies (usually .egg files).
    """
    _old_scripts = {
        absnormpath(os.path.join(HOMEPATH, "support", "_mountzlib.py")),
        absnormpath(os.path.join(HOMEPATH, "support", "useUnicode.py")),
        absnormpath(os.path.join(HOMEPATH, "support", "useTK.py")),
        absnormpath(os.path.join(HOMEPATH, "support", "unpackTK.py")),
        absnormpath(os.path.join(HOMEPATH, "support", "removeTK.py"))
    }

    def __init__(
        self,
        scripts,
        pathex=None,
        binaries=None,
        datas=None,
        hiddenimports=None,
        hookspath=None,
        hooksconfig=None,
        excludes=None,
        runtime_hooks=None,
        cipher=None,
        win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
        win_private_assemblies=False,
        noarchive=False,
        module_collection_mode=None,
    ):
        """
        scripts
                A list of scripts specified as file names.
        pathex
                An optional list of paths to be searched before sys.path.
        binaries
                An optional list of additional binaries (dlls, etc.) to include.
        datas
                An optional list of additional data files to include.
        hiddenimport
                An optional list of additional (hidden) modules to include.
        hookspath
                An optional list of additional paths to search for hooks. (hook-modules).
        hooksconfig
                An optional dict of config settings for hooks. (hook-modules).
        excludes
                An optional list of module or package names (their Python names, not path names) that will be
                ignored (as though they were not found).
        runtime_hooks
                An optional list of scripts to use as users' runtime hooks. Specified as file names.
        cipher
                Add optional instance of the pyz_crypto.PyiBlockCipher class (with a provided key).
        win_no_prefer_redirects
                If True, prefer not to follow version redirects when searching for Windows SxS Assemblies.
        win_private_assemblies
                If True, change all bundled Windows SxS Assemblies into Private Assemblies to enforce assembly versions.
        noarchive
                If True, do not place source files in a archive, but keep them as individual files.
        module_collection_mode
                An optional dict of package/module names and collection mode strings. Valid collection mode strings:
                'pyz' (default), 'pyc', 'py', 'pyz+py' (or 'py+pyz')
        """
        super().__init__()
        from PyInstaller.config import CONF

        self.inputs = []
        spec_dir = os.path.dirname(CONF['spec'])
        for script in scripts:
            # If path is relative, it is relative to the location of .spec file.
            if not os.path.isabs(script):
                script = os.path.join(spec_dir, script)
            if absnormpath(script) in self._old_scripts:
                logger.warning('Ignoring obsolete auto-added script %s', script)
                continue
            # Normalize script path.
            script = os.path.normpath(script)
            if not os.path.exists(script):
                raise SystemExit("script '%s' not found" % script)
            self.inputs.append(script)

        # Django hook requires this variable to find the script manage.py.
        CONF['main_script'] = self.inputs[0]

        self.pathex = self._extend_pathex(pathex, self.inputs)
        # Set global config variable 'pathex' to make it available for PyInstaller.utils.hooks and import hooks. Path
        # extensions for module search.
        CONF['pathex'] = self.pathex
        # Extend sys.path so PyInstaller could find all necessary modules.
        logger.info('Extending PYTHONPATH with paths\n' + pprint.pformat(self.pathex))
        sys.path.extend(self.pathex)

        # If pkg_resources has already been imported, force update of its working set to account for changes made to
        # sys.path. Otherwise, distribution data in the added path(s) may not be discovered.
        if 'pkg_resources' in sys.modules:
            # See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/373
            import pkg_resources
            if hasattr(pkg_resources, '_initialize_master_working_set'):
                pkg_resources._initialize_master_working_set()

        # Set global variable to hold assembly binding redirects
        CONF['binding_redirects'] = []

        self.hiddenimports = hiddenimports or []
        # Include modules detected when parsing options, like 'codecs' and encodings.
        self.hiddenimports.extend(CONF['hiddenimports'])

        self.hookspath = []
        # Append directories in `hookspath` (`--additional-hooks-dir`) to take precedence over those from the entry
        # points.
        if hookspath:
            self.hookspath.extend(hookspath)

        # Add hook directories from PyInstaller entry points.
        self.hookspath += discover_hook_directories()

        self.hooksconfig = {}
        if hooksconfig:
            self.hooksconfig.update(hooksconfig)

        # Custom runtime hook files that should be included and started before any existing PyInstaller runtime hooks.
        self.custom_runtime_hooks = runtime_hooks or []

        if cipher:
            logger.info('Will encrypt Python bytecode with provided cipher key')
            # Create a Python module which contains the decryption key which will be used at runtime by
            # pyi_crypto.PyiBlockCipher.
            pyi_crypto_key_path = os.path.join(CONF['workpath'], 'pyimod00_crypto_key.py')
            with open(pyi_crypto_key_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write('# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-\nkey = %r\n' % cipher.key)
            self.hiddenimports.append('tinyaes')

        self._input_binaries = []
        self._input_datas = []

        self.excludes = excludes or []
        self.scripts = []
        self.pure = []
        self.binaries = []
        self.zipfiles = []
        self.zipped_data = []
        self.datas = []
        self.dependencies = []
        self.binding_redirects = CONF['binding_redirects'] = []
        self.win_no_prefer_redirects = win_no_prefer_redirects
        self.win_private_assemblies = win_private_assemblies
        self._python_version = sys.version
        self.noarchive = noarchive
        self.module_collection_mode = module_collection_mode or {}

        # Expand the `binaries` and `datas` lists specified in the .spec file, and ensure that the lists are normalized
        # and sorted before guts comparison.
        #
        # While we use these lists to initialize `Analysis.binaries` and `Analysis.datas`, at this point, we need to
        # store them in separate variables, which undergo *full* guts comparison (`_check_guts_toc`) as opposed to
        # just mtime-based comparison (`_check_guts_toc_mtime`). Changes to these initial list *must* trigger a rebuild
        # (and due to the way things work, a re-analysis), otherwise user might end up with a cached build that fails to
        # reflect the changes.
        if binaries:
            logger.info("Appending 'binaries' from .spec")
            self._input_binaries = [(dest_name, src_name, 'BINARY')
                                    for dest_name, src_name in format_binaries_and_datas(binaries, workingdir=spec_dir)]
            self._input_binaries = sorted(normalize_toc(self._input_binaries))

        if datas:
            logger.info("Appending 'datas' from .spec")
            self._input_datas = [(dest_name, src_name, 'DATA')
                                 for dest_name, src_name in format_binaries_and_datas(datas, workingdir=spec_dir)]
            self._input_datas = sorted(normalize_toc(self._input_datas))

        self.__postinit__()

    _GUTS = (  # input parameters
        ('inputs', _check_guts_eq),  # parameter `scripts`
        ('pathex', _check_guts_eq),
        ('hiddenimports', _check_guts_eq),
        ('hookspath', _check_guts_eq),
        ('hooksconfig', _check_guts_eq),
        ('excludes', _check_guts_eq),
        ('custom_runtime_hooks', _check_guts_eq),
        ('win_no_prefer_redirects', _check_guts_eq),
        ('win_private_assemblies', _check_guts_eq),
        ('noarchive', _check_guts_eq),
        ('module_collection_mode', _check_guts_eq),

        ('_input_binaries', _check_guts_toc),
        ('_input_datas', _check_guts_toc),

        # 'cipher': no need to check as it is implied by an additional hidden import

        # calculated/analysed values
        ('_python_version', _check_guts_eq),
        ('scripts', _check_guts_toc_mtime),
        ('pure', _check_guts_toc_mtime),
        ('binaries', _check_guts_toc_mtime),
        ('zipfiles', _check_guts_toc_mtime),
        ('zipped_data', None),  # TODO check this, too
        ('datas', _check_guts_toc_mtime),
        # TODO: Need to add "dependencies"?

        # cached binding redirects - loaded into CONF for PYZ/COLLECT to find.
        ('binding_redirects', None),
    )

    def _extend_pathex(self, spec_pathex, scripts):
        """
        Normalize additional paths where PyInstaller will look for modules and add paths with scripts to the list of
        paths.

        :param spec_pathex: Additional paths defined defined in .spec file.
        :param scripts: Scripts to create executable from.
        :return: list of updated paths
        """
        # Based on main supplied script - add top-level modules directory to PYTHONPATH.
        # Sometimes the main app script is not top-level module but submodule like 'mymodule.mainscript.py'.
        # In that case PyInstaller will not be able find modules in the directory containing 'mymodule'.
        # Add this directory to PYTHONPATH so PyInstaller could find it.
        pathex = []
        # Add scripts paths first.
        for script in scripts:
            logger.debug('script: %s' % script)
            script_toplevel_dir = get_path_to_toplevel_modules(script)
            if script_toplevel_dir:
                pathex.append(script_toplevel_dir)
        # Append paths from .spec.
        if spec_pathex is not None:
            pathex.extend(spec_pathex)
        # Normalize paths in pathex and make them absolute.
        return [absnormpath(p) for p in pathex]

    def _check_guts(self, data, last_build):
        if Target._check_guts(self, data, last_build):
            return True
        for filename in self.inputs:
            if mtime(filename) > last_build:
                logger.info("Building because %s changed", filename)
                return True
        # Now we know that none of the input parameters and none of the input files has changed. So take the values
        # that were calculated / analyzed in the last run and store them in `self`. These TOC lists should already
        # be normalized.
        self.scripts = data['scripts']
        self.pure = data['pure']
        self.binaries = data['binaries']
        self.zipfiles = data['zipfiles']
        self.zipped_data = data['zipped_data']
        self.datas = data['datas']

        # Store previously found binding redirects in CONF for later use by PKG/COLLECT
        from PyInstaller.config import CONF
        self.binding_redirects = CONF['binding_redirects'] = data['binding_redirects']

        return False

    def assemble(self):
        """
        This method is the MAIN method for finding all necessary files to be bundled.
        """
        from PyInstaller.config import CONF

        for m in self.excludes:
            logger.debug("Excluding module '%s'" % m)
        self.graph = initialize_modgraph(excludes=self.excludes, user_hook_dirs=self.hookspath)

        # Initialize `binaries` and `datas` with `_input_binaries` and `_input_datas`. Make sure to copy the lists
        # to prevent modifications of original lists, which we need to store in original form for guts comparison.
        self.datas = [entry for entry in self._input_datas]
        self.binaries = [entry for entry in self._input_binaries]

        # TODO: find a better place where to put 'base_library.zip' and when to created it.
        # For Python 3 it is necessary to create file 'base_library.zip' containing core Python modules. In Python 3
        # some built-in modules are written in pure Python. base_library.zip is a way how to have those modules as
        # "built-in".
        libzip_filename = os.path.join(CONF['workpath'], 'base_library.zip')
        create_py3_base_library(libzip_filename, graph=self.graph)
        # Bundle base_library.zip as data file.
        # Data format of TOC item: ('relative_path_in_dist_dir', 'absolute_path_on_disk', 'DATA')
        self.datas.append((os.path.basename(libzip_filename), libzip_filename, 'DATA'))

        # Expand sys.path of module graph. The attribute is the set of paths to use for imports: sys.path, plus our
        # loader, plus other paths from e.g. --path option).
        self.graph.path = self.pathex + self.graph.path
        self.graph.set_setuptools_nspackages()

        logger.info("running Analysis %s", self.tocbasename)
        # Get paths to Python and, in Windows, the manifest.
        python = compat.python_executable
        if not is_win:
            # Linux/MacOS: get a real, non-link path to the running Python executable.
            while os.path.islink(python):
                python = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(python), os.readlink(python))
            depmanifest = None
        else:
            # Windows: Create a manifest to embed into built .exe, containing the same dependencies as python.exe.
            depmanifest = winmanifest.Manifest(
                type_="win32",
                name=CONF['specnm'],
                processorArchitecture=winmanifest.processor_architecture(),
                version=(1, 0, 0, 0)
            )
            depmanifest.filename = os.path.join(CONF['workpath'], CONF['specnm'] + ".exe.manifest")

        # We record "binaries" separately from the modulegraph, as there is no way to record those dependencies in the
        # graph. These include the python executable and any binaries added by hooks later. "binaries" are not the same
        # as "extensions" which are .so or .dylib that are found and recorded as extension nodes in the graph. Reset
        # seen variable before running bindepend. We use bindepend only for the python executable.
        bindepend.seen.clear()

        # Add binary and assembly dependencies of Python.exe. This also ensures that its assembly dependencies under
        # Windows get added to the built .exe's manifest. Python 2.7 extension modules have no assembly dependencies,
        # and rely on the app-global dependencies set by the .exe.
        self.binaries.extend(
            bindepend.Dependencies([('', python, '')], manifest=depmanifest, redirects=self.binding_redirects)[1:]
        )
        if is_win:
            depmanifest.writeprettyxml()

        # -- Module graph. --
        #
        # Construct the module graph of import relationships between modules required by this user's application. For
        # each entry point (top-level user-defined Python script), all imports originating from this entry point are
        # recursively parsed into a subgraph of the module graph. This subgraph is then connected to this graph's root
        # node, ensuring imported module nodes will be reachable from the root node -- which is is (arbitrarily) chosen
        # to be the first entry point's node.

        # List to hold graph nodes of scripts and runtime hooks in use order.
        priority_scripts = []

        # Assume that if the script does not exist, Modulegraph will raise error. Save the graph nodes of each in
        # sequence.
        for script in self.inputs:
            logger.info("Analyzing %s", script)
            priority_scripts.append(self.graph.add_script(script))

        # Analyze the script's hidden imports (named on the command line)
        self.graph.add_hiddenimports(self.hiddenimports)

        # -- Post-graph hooks. --
        self.graph.process_post_graph_hooks(self)

        # Update 'binaries' TOC and 'datas' TOC.
        deps_proc = DependencyProcessor(self.graph, self.graph._additional_files_cache)

        self.binaries.extend(deps_proc.make_binaries_toc())
        self.datas.extend(deps_proc.make_datas_toc())

        self.zipped_data = deps_proc.make_zipped_data_toc()  # Already normalized
        # Note: zipped eggs are collected below

        # -- Look for dlls that are imported by Python 'ctypes' module. --
        # First get code objects of all modules that import 'ctypes'.
        logger.info('Looking for ctypes DLLs')
        # dict like: {'module1': code_obj, 'module2': code_obj}
        ctypes_code_objs = self.graph.get_code_using("ctypes")

        for name, co in ctypes_code_objs.items():
            # Get dlls that might be needed by ctypes.
            logger.debug('Scanning %s for shared libraries or dlls', name)
            try:
                ctypes_binaries = scan_code_for_ctypes(co)
                self.binaries.extend(set(ctypes_binaries))
            except Exception as ex:
                raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to scan the module '{name}'. This is a bug. Please report it.") from ex

        self.datas.extend((dest, source, "DATA")
                          for (dest, source) in format_binaries_and_datas(self.graph.metadata_required()))

        # Analyze run-time hooks. Run-time hooks has to be executed before user scripts. Add them to the beginning of
        # 'priority_scripts'.
        priority_scripts = self.graph.analyze_runtime_hooks(self.custom_runtime_hooks) + priority_scripts

        # 'priority_scripts' is now a list of the graph nodes of custom runtime hooks, then regular runtime hooks, then
        # the PyI loader scripts. Further on, we will make sure they end up at the front of self.scripts

        # -- Extract the nodes of the graph as TOCs for further processing. --

        # Initialize the scripts list with priority scripts in the proper order.
        self.scripts = self.graph.nodes_to_toc(priority_scripts)
        self.scripts = normalize_toc(self.scripts)  # Should not really contain duplicates, but just in case...

        # Extend the binaries list with all the Extensions modulegraph has found.
        self.binaries += self.graph.make_binaries_toc()

        # Convert extension module names into full filenames, and append suffix. Ensure that extensions that come from
        # the lib-dynload are collected into _MEIPASS/lib-dynload instead of directly into _MEIPASS.
        for idx, (dest, source, typecode) in enumerate(self.binaries):
            if typecode != 'EXTENSION':
                continue

            # Convert to full filename and append suffix
            dest, source, typecode = add_suffix_to_extension(dest, source, typecode)

            # Divert into lib-dyload, if necessary (i.e., if file comes from lib-dynload directory) and its destination
            # path does not already have a directory prefix.
            src_parent = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source))
            if src_parent == 'lib-dynload' and not os.path.dirname(os.path.normpath(dest)):
                dest = os.path.join('lib-dynload', dest)

            # Update
            self.binaries[idx] = (dest, source, typecode)

        # Perform initial normalization of `datas` and `binaries`
        self.datas = normalize_toc(self.datas)
        self.binaries = normalize_toc(self.binaries)

        # Post-process GLib schemas
        self.datas = compile_glib_schema_files(self.datas, os.path.join(CONF['workpath'], "_pyi_gschema_compilation"))
        self.datas = normalize_toc(self.datas)

        # Process the pure-python modules list. Depending on the collection mode, these entries end up either in "pure"
        # list for collection into the PYZ archive, or in the "datas" list for collection as external data files.
        assert len(self.pure) == 0
        pure_pymodules_toc = self.graph.make_pure_toc()

        # Merge package collection mode settings from .spec file. These are applied last, so they override the
        # settings previously applied by hooks.
        self.graph._module_collection_mode.update(self.module_collection_mode)
        logger.debug("Module collection settings: %r", self.graph._module_collection_mode)

        pycs_dir = os.path.join(CONF['workpath'], 'localpycs')
        code_cache = self.graph.get_code_objects()

        for name, src_path, typecode in pure_pymodules_toc:
            assert typecode == 'PYMODULE'
            collect_mode = _get_module_collection_mode(self.graph._module_collection_mode, name, self.noarchive)

            # Collect byte-compiled .pyc into PYZ archive
            if _ModuleCollectionMode.PYZ in collect_mode:
                self.pure.append((name, src_path, typecode))

            # Pure namespace packages have no source path, and cannot be collected as external data file.
            if src_path in (None, '-'):
                continue

            # Collect source .py file as external data file
            if _ModuleCollectionMode.PY in collect_mode:
                dest_path = name.replace('.', os.sep)
                # Special case: modules have an implied filename to add.
                basename, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(src_path))
                if basename == '__init__':
                    dest_path += os.sep + '__init__' + ext
                else:
                    dest_path += ext
                self.datas.append((dest_path, src_path, "DATA"))

            # Collect byte-compiled .pyc file as external data file
            if _ModuleCollectionMode.PYC in collect_mode:
                dest_path = name.replace('.', os.sep)
                # Special case: modules have an implied filename to add.
                basename, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(src_path))
                if basename == '__init__':
                    dest_path += os.sep + '__init__'
                # Append the extension for the compiled result. In python 3.5 (PEP-488) .pyo files were replaced by
                # .opt-1.pyc and .opt-2.pyc. However, it seems that for bytecode-only module distribution, we always
                # need to use the .pyc extension.
                dest_path += '.pyc'

                # Compile
                obj_path = compile_pymodule(name, src_path, workpath=pycs_dir, code_cache=code_cache)

                self.datas.append((dest_path, obj_path, "DATA"))

        # Normalize list of pure-python modules (these will end up in PYZ archive, so use specific normalization).
        self.pure = normalize_pyz_toc(self.pure)

        # Associate the `pure` TOC list instance with code cache in the global `CONF`; this is used by `PYZ` writer
        # to obtain modules' code from cache instead
        #
        # (NOTE: back when `pure` was an instance of `TOC` class, the code object was passed by adding an attribute
        # to the `pure` itself; now that `pure` is plain `list`, we cannot do that anymore. But the association via
        # object ID should have the same semantics as the added attribute).
        from PyInstaller.config import CONF
        global_code_cache_map = CONF['code_cache']
        global_code_cache_map[id(self.pure)] = code_cache

        # Add remaining binary dependencies - analyze Python C-extensions and what DLLs they depend on.
        #
        # Up until this point, we did very best not to import the packages into the main process. However, a package
        # may set up additional library search paths during its import (e.g., by modifying PATH or calling the
        # add_dll_directory() function on Windows, or modifying LD_LIBRARY_PATH on Linux). In order to reliably
        # discover dynamic libraries, we therefore require an environment with all packages imported. We achieve that
        # by gathering list of all collected packages, and spawn an isolated process, in which we first import all
        # the packages from the list, and then perform search for dynamic libraries.
        logger.info('Looking for dynamic libraries')

        collected_packages = self.graph.get_collected_packages()
        self.binaries.extend(
            isolated.call(find_binary_dependencies, self.binaries, self.binding_redirects, collected_packages)
        )

        # Apply work-around for (potential) binaries collected from `pywin32` package...
        if is_win:
            self.binaries = postprocess_binaries_toc_pywin32(self.binaries)
            # With anaconda, we need additional work-around...
            if is_conda:
                self.binaries = postprocess_binaries_toc_pywin32_anaconda(self.binaries)

        # Include zipped Python eggs.
        logger.info('Looking for eggs')
        self.zipfiles = deps_proc.make_zipfiles_toc()  # Already normalized

        # Final normalization of datas and binaries
        self.datas = normalize_toc(self.datas)
        self.binaries = normalize_toc(self.binaries)

        # Verify that Python dynamic library can be found. Without dynamic Python library PyInstaller cannot continue.
        self._check_python_library(self.binaries)

        if is_win:
            # Remove duplicate redirects
            self.binding_redirects = list(set(self.binding_redirects))
            logger.info("Found binding redirects: \n%s", self.binding_redirects)

        # Write warnings about missing modules.
        self._write_warnings()
        # Write debug information about the graph
        self._write_graph_debug()

    def _write_warnings(self):
        """
        Write warnings about missing modules. Get them from the graph and use the graph to figure out who tried to
        import them.
        """
        def dependency_description(name, dep_info):
            if not dep_info or dep_info == 'direct':
                imptype = 0
            else:
                imptype = (dep_info.conditional + 2 * dep_info.function + 4 * dep_info.tryexcept)
            return '%s (%s)' % (name, IMPORT_TYPES[imptype])

        from PyInstaller.config import CONF
        miss_toc = self.graph.make_missing_toc()
        with open(CONF['warnfile'], 'w', encoding='utf-8') as wf:
            wf.write(WARNFILE_HEADER)
            for (n, p, status) in miss_toc:
                importers = self.graph.get_importers(n)
                print(
                    status,
                    'module named',
                    n,
                    '- imported by',
                    ', '.join(dependency_description(name, data) for name, data in importers),
                    file=wf
                )
        logger.info("Warnings written to %s", CONF['warnfile'])

    def _write_graph_debug(self):
        """
        Write a xref (in html) and with `--log-level DEBUG` a dot-drawing of the graph.
        """
        from PyInstaller.config import CONF
        with open(CONF['xref-file'], 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
            self.graph.create_xref(fh)
            logger.info("Graph cross-reference written to %s", CONF['xref-file'])
        if logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.DEBUG:
            return
        # The `DOT language's <https://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html>`_ default character encoding (see the end
        # of the linked page) is UTF-8.
        with open(CONF['dot-file'], 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
            self.graph.graphreport(fh)
            logger.info("Graph drawing written to %s", CONF['dot-file'])

    def _check_python_library(self, binaries):
        """
        Verify presence of the Python dynamic library in the binary dependencies. Python library is an essential
        piece that has to be always included.
        """
        # First check if libpython is already among the resolved binary dependencies.
        for dest_name, src_name, typecode in binaries:
            if typecode == 'BINARY' and dest_name in PYDYLIB_NAMES:
                # Just print its filename and return.
                logger.info('Using Python library %s', src_name)
                return

        # Python lib not in dependencies - try to find it.
        logger.info('Python library not among binary dependencies. Performing additional search...')
        python_lib = bindepend.get_python_library_path()
        logger.debug('Adding Python library to binary dependencies')
        binaries.append((os.path.basename(python_lib), python_lib, 'BINARY'))
        logger.info('Using Python library %s', python_lib)

    def exclude_system_libraries(self, list_of_exceptions=None):
        """
        This method may be optionally called from the spec file to exclude any system libraries from the list of
        binaries other than those containing the shell-style wildcards in list_of_exceptions. Those that match
        '*python*' or are stored under 'lib-dynload' are always treated as exceptions and not excluded.
        """

        self.binaries = [
            entry for entry in self.binaries if _should_include_system_binary(entry, list_of_exceptions or [])
        ]


class ExecutableBuilder:
    """
    Class that constructs the executable.
    """
    # TODO wrap the 'main' and 'build' function into this class.


def build(spec, distpath, workpath, clean_build):
    """
    Build the executable according to the created SPEC file.
    """
    from PyInstaller.config import CONF

    # Ensure starting tilde and environment variables get expanded in distpath / workpath.
    # '~/path/abc', '${env_var_name}/path/abc/def'
    distpath = os.path.abspath(compat.expand_path(distpath))
    workpath = os.path.abspath(compat.expand_path(workpath))
    CONF['spec'] = os.path.abspath(compat.expand_path(spec))

    CONF['specpath'], CONF['specnm'] = os.path.split(CONF['spec'])
    CONF['specnm'] = os.path.splitext(CONF['specnm'])[0]

    # Add 'specname' to workpath and distpath if they point to PyInstaller homepath.
    if os.path.dirname(distpath) == HOMEPATH:
        distpath = os.path.join(HOMEPATH, CONF['specnm'], os.path.basename(distpath))
    CONF['distpath'] = distpath
    if os.path.dirname(workpath) == HOMEPATH:
        workpath = os.path.join(HOMEPATH, CONF['specnm'], os.path.basename(workpath), CONF['specnm'])
    else:
        workpath = os.path.join(workpath, CONF['specnm'])
    CONF['workpath'] = workpath

    CONF['warnfile'] = os.path.join(workpath, 'warn-%s.txt' % CONF['specnm'])
    CONF['dot-file'] = os.path.join(workpath, 'graph-%s.dot' % CONF['specnm'])
    CONF['xref-file'] = os.path.join(workpath, 'xref-%s.html' % CONF['specnm'])

    CONF['code_cache'] = dict()

    # Clean PyInstaller cache (CONF['cachedir']) and temporary files (workpath) to be able start a clean build.
    if clean_build:
        logger.info('Removing temporary files and cleaning cache in %s', CONF['cachedir'])
        for pth in (CONF['cachedir'], workpath):
            if os.path.exists(pth):
                # Remove all files in 'pth'.
                for f in glob.glob(pth + '/*'):
                    # Remove dirs recursively.
                    if os.path.isdir(f):
                        shutil.rmtree(f)
                    else:
                        os.remove(f)

    # Create DISTPATH and workpath if they does not exist.
    for pth in (CONF['distpath'], CONF['workpath']):
        os.makedirs(pth, exist_ok=True)

    # Construct NAMESPACE for running the Python code from .SPEC file.
    # NOTE: Passing NAMESPACE allows to avoid having global variables in this module and makes isolated environment for
    #       running tests.
    # NOTE: Defining NAMESPACE allows to map any class to a apecific name for .SPEC.
    # FIXME: Some symbols might be missing. Add them if there are some failures.
    # TODO: What from this .spec API is deprecated and could be removed?
    spec_namespace = {
        # Set of global variables that can be used while processing .spec file. Some of them act as configuration
        # options.
        'DISTPATH': CONF['distpath'],
        'HOMEPATH': HOMEPATH,
        'SPEC': CONF['spec'],
        'specnm': CONF['specnm'],
        'SPECPATH': CONF['specpath'],
        'WARNFILE': CONF['warnfile'],
        'workpath': CONF['workpath'],
        # PyInstaller classes for .spec.
        'TOC': TOC,  # Kept for backward compatibility even though `TOC` class is deprecated.
        'Analysis': Analysis,
        'BUNDLE': BUNDLE,
        'COLLECT': COLLECT,
        'EXE': EXE,
        'MERGE': MERGE,
        'PYZ': PYZ,
        'Tree': Tree,
        'Splash': Splash,
        # Python modules available for .spec.
        'os': os,
        'pyi_crypto': pyz_crypto,
    }

    # Execute the specfile. Read it as a binary file...
    try:
        with open(spec, 'rb') as f:
            # ... then let Python determine the encoding, since ``compile`` accepts byte strings.
            code = compile(f.read(), spec, 'exec')
    except FileNotFoundError:
        raise SystemExit(f'Spec file "{spec}" not found!')
    exec(code, spec_namespace)


def __add_options(parser):
    parser.add_argument(
        "--distpath",
        metavar="DIR",
        default=DEFAULT_DISTPATH,
        help="Where to put the bundled app (default: ./dist)",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--workpath',
        default=DEFAULT_WORKPATH,
        help="Where to put all the temporary work files, .log, .pyz and etc. (default: ./build)",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-y',
        '--noconfirm',
        action="store_true",
        default=False,
        help="Replace output directory (default: %s) without asking for confirmation" %
        os.path.join('SPECPATH', 'dist', 'SPECNAME'),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--upx-dir',
        default=None,
        help="Path to UPX utility (default: search the execution path)",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "-a",
        "--ascii",
        action="store_true",
        help="Do not include unicode encoding support (default: included if available)",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--clean',
        dest='clean_build',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help="Clean PyInstaller cache and remove temporary files before building.",
    )


def main(
    pyi_config,
    specfile,
    noconfirm=False,
    ascii=False,
    distpath=DEFAULT_DISTPATH,
    workpath=DEFAULT_WORKPATH,
    upx_dir=None,
    clean_build=False,
    **kw
):
    from PyInstaller.config import CONF
    CONF['noconfirm'] = noconfirm

    # Some modules are included if they are detected at build-time or if a command-line argument is specified
    # (e.g., --ascii).
    if CONF.get('hiddenimports') is None:
        CONF['hiddenimports'] = []
    # Test unicode support.
    if not ascii:
        CONF['hiddenimports'].extend(get_unicode_modules())

    # If configuration dict is supplied - skip configuration step.
    if pyi_config is None:
        import PyInstaller.configure as configure
        CONF.update(configure.get_config(upx_dir=upx_dir))
    else:
        CONF.update(pyi_config)

    CONF['ui_admin'] = kw.get('ui_admin', False)
    CONF['ui_access'] = kw.get('ui_uiaccess', False)

    build(specfile, distpath, workpath, clean_build)