Document codecs decode_encode() and encode_decode() APIs

[gpshead]

BPO	36530
Nosy	@gpshead, @njsmith
Superseder	bpo-30588: Missing documentation for codecs.escape_decode

^{Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.}

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GitHub fields:

assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2019-04-05.01:02:33.560>
created_at = <Date 2019-04-04.22:26:09.926>
labels = ['3.7', '3.8', 'docs']
title = 'Document codecs decode_encode() and encode_decode() APIs'
updated_at = <Date 2019-04-05.01:02:33.559>
user = 'https://github.com/gpshead'

bugs.python.org fields:

activity = <Date 2019-04-05.01:02:33.559>
actor = 'gregory.p.smith'
assignee = 'docs@python'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2019-04-05.01:02:33.560>
closer = 'gregory.p.smith'
components = ['Documentation']
creation = <Date 2019-04-04.22:26:09.926>
creator = 'gregory.p.smith'
dependencies = []
files = []
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 36530
keywords = []
message_count = 1.0
messages = ['339467']
nosy_count = 3.0
nosy_names = ['gregory.p.smith', 'njs', 'docs@python']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'normal'
resolution = 'duplicate'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = '30588'
type = None
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue36530'
versions = ['Python 3.7', 'Python 3.8']

[gpshead]

The codecs module has public decode_encode() and encode_decode() functions. They have never been documented, but are recommended for some uses such as:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14820429/how-do-i-decodestring-escape-in-python3/23151714#23151714

As public APIs, we should document them.