test_misc.py

# Owner(s): ["module: dynamo"]
import abc
import collections
import copy
import dataclasses
import dis
import enum
import functools
import gc
import itertools
import logging
import math
import operator
import os
import random
import sys
import tempfile
import threading
import traceback
import typing
import unittest
import unittest.mock as mock
import warnings
import weakref
from unittest.mock import patch

import numpy as np
import torch

import torch._dynamo.test_case
import torch._dynamo.testing
import torch.onnx.operators

import torch.utils._pytree as pytree
from torch._C import FileCheck
from torch._dynamo import allow_in_graph, bytecode_analysis, bytecode_transformation
from torch._dynamo.eval_frame import _debug_get_cache_entry_list
from torch._dynamo.exc import Unsupported
from torch._dynamo.source import ConstantSource, GetItemSource, LocalSource
from torch._dynamo.testing import (
    CompileCounter,
    CompileCounterWithBackend,
    expectedFailureDynamic,
    same,
    skipIfNotPy311,
    unsupported,
    xfailIfPy312,
)
from torch._dynamo.utils import CompileProfiler, counters, ifdynstaticdefault
from torch._inductor.utils import run_and_get_code
from torch.ao.quantization import MinMaxObserver
from torch.ao.quantization.fake_quantize import FakeQuantize
from torch.ao.quantization.qconfig import QConfig
from torch.ao.quantization.quantize_fx import prepare_qat_fx
from torch.fx.experimental.recording import NotEqualError, replay_shape_env_events
from torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes import (
    _constrain_range_for_size,
    constrain_range,
    constrain_unify,
    ConstraintViolationError,
    expect_true,
    guard_size_oblivious,
    ShapeEnv,
)
from torch.nn import functional as F
from torch.testing import make_tensor
from torch.testing._internal.common_cuda import (
    PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_FLASH_ATTENTION,
    SM80OrLater,
    TEST_CUDA,
    TEST_MULTIGPU,
)
from torch.testing._internal.common_methods_invocations import (
    sample_inputs_take_along_dim,
)
from torch.testing._internal.common_utils import (
    freeze_rng_state,
    IS_FBCODE,
    set_default_dtype,
    wrapDeterministicFlagAPITest,
)
from torch.testing._internal.jit_utils import JitTestCase
from torch.testing._internal.logging_utils import logs_to_string

mytuple = collections.namedtuple("mytuple", ["a", "b", "ab"])
T = typing.TypeVar("T")


# Specializes a test to run only if translation validation is set.
def onlyIfTranslationValidation(fn: typing.Callable) -> typing.Callable:
    @functools.wraps(fn)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        import torch.fx.experimental.validator

        if torch.fx.experimental.validator.translation_validation_enabled():
            return fn(*args, **kwargs)
        raise unittest.SkipTest(f"only works when TV is True.")

    return wrapper


def cleanup_op(opname):
    ns, name = opname.split("::")
    if not hasattr(torch.ops, ns):
        return
    actual_ns = getattr(torch.ops, ns)
    if not hasattr(actual_ns, name):
        return
    delattr(actual_ns, name)


class MyPickledModule(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, z):
        super().__init__()
        self.z = z

    def forward(self, x, y):
        return x * x * x + y + self.z


# These are used for test_{cond/map}_with_quantization
default_symmetric_fake_quant = FakeQuantize.with_args(
    observer=MinMaxObserver, qscheme=torch.per_tensor_symmetric, dtype=torch.quint8
)
default_weight_symmetric_fake_quant = FakeQuantize.with_args(
    observer=MinMaxObserver, qscheme=torch.per_tensor_symmetric, dtype=torch.qint8
)
uniform_qconfig_8bit = QConfig(
    activation=default_symmetric_fake_quant,
    weight=default_weight_symmetric_fake_quant.with_args,
)
qconfig_dict = {"object_type": [(torch.nn.Linear, uniform_qconfig_8bit)]}


def closure_adder(val):
    def inner(x):
        return torch.sin(x + val)

    return inner


class UserDefineSetAttr:
    setup = False

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        assert torch.compiler.is_dynamo_compiling() or UserDefineSetAttr.setup
        super().__setattr__(f"pfx_{key}", value)

    def __getattr__(self, key):
        assert torch.compiler.is_dynamo_compiling() or UserDefineSetAttr.setup
        return self.__dict__[f"pfx_{key}"]


class MiscTests(torch._dynamo.test_case.TestCase):
    def test_get_cache_entry(self):
        def f(x):
            return x + 1

        torch.compile(f)(torch.randn(5, 5, 5))
        entries = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(f)
        self.assertTrue(len(entries) > 0)

        def g(x):
            return x + 2

        entries = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(g)
        self.assertTrue(len(entries) == 0)

        try:
            _debug_get_cache_entry_list(1)
        except TypeError as e:
            self.assertIn("expected a code object!", str(e))

        # test get cache entry on skipped code object
        def h(x):
            x = x + 1
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return x + 1

        torch.compile(h)(torch.randn(3, 3))

        entries = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(torch._dynamo.graph_break)
        self.assertEqual(len(entries), 0)

    def test_boolarg(self):
        def boolarg(aa, bb, flag):
            if flag:
                return aa - bb
            else:
                return bb - aa

        a = torch.randn(10, 10)
        b = torch.randn(10, 10)
        correct1 = boolarg(a, b, True)
        correct2 = boolarg(a, b, False)
        correct3 = boolarg(a, b, None)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        opt_boolarg = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(counter)(boolarg)
        val1 = opt_boolarg(a, b, True)
        val2 = opt_boolarg(a, b, False)
        val3 = opt_boolarg(a, b, None)
        val4 = opt_boolarg(a, b, True)
        self.assertTrue(same(val1, correct1))
        self.assertTrue(same(val2, correct2))
        self.assertTrue(same(val3, correct3))
        self.assertTrue(same(val4, correct1))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 3)

    def test_invalid_args_builtin(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x):
            x = x.sin()
            if isinstance(x, torch.Tensor, invalid=True):
                x = x.sin()
            return x

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            fn(torch.randn(16))

    def test_callpacked(self):
        def call_packed(args):
            a, b, c = args
            return a - b * c

        counter = CompileCounter()
        a = torch.randn(10, 10)
        b = torch.randn(10, 10)
        c = torch.randn(10, 10)
        correct = call_packed([a, b, c])
        opt_call_packed = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(counter)(call_packed)
        val1 = opt_call_packed([a, b, c])
        val2 = opt_call_packed((a, b, c))
        val3 = opt_call_packed([a, b, c])
        val4 = opt_call_packed((a, b, c))
        self.assertTrue(same(val1, correct))
        self.assertTrue(same(val2, correct))
        self.assertTrue(same(val3, correct))
        self.assertTrue(same(val4, correct))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

    def test_raises(self):
        def fn(a, b, c, cls):
            x = a + b - c * 10
            raise cls(str(x))

        counter = CompileCounter()
        a = torch.randn(10, 10)
        b = torch.randn(10, 10)
        c = torch.randn(10, 10)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
        self.assertRaises(AssertionError, lambda: opt_fn(a, b, c, AssertionError))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 3)

    def test_module_not_callable(self):
        def fn(x):
            return torch.fft(x)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        a = torch.randn(10, 10)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
        self.assertRaisesRegex(
            TypeError, "'module' object is not callable", lambda: opt_fn(a)
        )

    def test_inplace(self):
        def inplace1(a, b):
            o = torch.empty((10, 10))
            o.copy_(a)
            o -= b
            return o

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, inplace1, 2, expected_ops=3)

    def test_inplace_desugaring(self):
        def inplace_on_literals(y):
            x0 = 1
            x0 += y
            x1 = 1
            x1 -= y
            return x0, x1

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, inplace_on_literals, 1, expected_ops=2
        )

    def test_unpack4(self):
        def unpack4(a, b):
            a = a[:5, :]
            b = b[:5, :]
            x, y = a.size()
            o = torch.empty((x, y))
            o.copy_(a / b)
            return o

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            unpack4,
            2,
            expected_ops=5,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(5, 7),
        )

    def test_unpack5(self):
        def unpack5(a, b):
            a = a[:5, :]
            b = b[:5, :]
            x, y = a.shape
            o = torch.empty((x, y))
            o.copy_(a / b)
            return o

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            unpack5,
            2,
            expected_ops=5,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(5, 7),
        )

    def test_matmul1(self):
        def matmul_op1(a, b):
            return a @ b

        # TODO(jansel): FX doesn't support this, should add upstream support
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, matmul_op1, 2, expected_ops=1)

    def test_int_shape_binops(self):
        def fn(x):
            # Test reversal by putting int arg first.
            y = 15 - x.shape[0]
            y = 4 + y
            y = 5 * y
            y = 2 % y
            y = 3**y
            y = 10 // y
            y = pow(2, y)
            y = 10 / y
            return x + y

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 11)
        )

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(only_allow_pt2_compliant_ops=True)
    def test_pt2_compliant_ops_are_allowed(self):
        lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
        try:
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::bar",
                "(Tensor x) -> Tensor",
                lib=lib,
                tags=(torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,),
            )
            torch.library.impl(
                "mylib::bar", "CompositeImplicitAutograd", torch.sin, lib=lib
            )
            assert torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag in torch.ops.mylib.bar.default.tags

            def f(x):
                return torch.ops.mylib.bar(x)

            overload = torch.ops.mylib.bar.default

            def g(x):
                return overload(x)

            x = torch.randn(3)

            counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            optimized_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
            _ = optimized_f(x)

            optimized_g = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
            _ = optimized_g(x)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::bar")
            del lib

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(only_allow_pt2_compliant_ops=True)
    def test_non_pt2_compliant_ops_graph_break(self):
        lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
        try:
            torch.library.define("mylib::bar2", "(Tensor x) -> Tensor", lib=lib)
            torch.library.impl(
                "mylib::bar2", "CompositeImplicitAutograd", torch.sin, lib=lib
            )
            assert torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag not in torch.ops.mylib.bar2.default.tags

            def f(x):
                return torch.ops.mylib.bar2(x)

            overload = torch.ops.mylib.bar2.default

            def g(x):
                return overload(x)

            x = torch.randn(3)

            counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported, "not PT2 compliant"
            ):
                optimized_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
                y = optimized_f(x)

            with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported, "not PT2 compliant"
            ):
                optimized_g = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
                y = optimized_g(x)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::bar2")
            del lib

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(only_allow_pt2_compliant_ops=True)
    def test_pt2_compliant_overload(self):
        lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
        try:
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::bar3.tensor",
                "(Tensor x) -> Tensor",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::bar3.int", "(Tensor x, int dim) -> Tensor", lib=lib
            )

            torch.library.impl(
                "mylib::bar3.tensor",
                "CompositeImplicitAutograd",
                torch.sin,
                lib=lib,
            )
            torch.library.impl(
                "mylib::bar3.int", "CompositeImplicitAutograd", torch.sum, lib=lib
            )

            def f(x):
                return torch.ops.mylib.bar3(x)

            def g(x):
                return torch.ops.mylib.bar3(x, 1)

            def h(x):
                return torch.ops.mylib.bar3(x, x, x)

            x = torch.randn(3)

            counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            optimized_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
            optimized_g = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(g)
            optimized_h = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(h)

            # No error: the overload is PT2 compliant
            optimized_f(x)

            with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported, "not PT2 compliant"
            ):
                y = optimized_g(x)

            # graph break on incorrect parsing
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported, "failed to"):
                y = optimized_h(x)

        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::bar3")
            del lib

    def test_auto_functionalize_can_with_default(self):
        lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
        torch.library.define(
            "mylib::foo",
            "(Tensor a, int b, Tensor(d!)? c=None, Tensor? d=None, int e=-1) -> ()",
            tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
            lib=lib,
        )

        @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
        def foo_impl(a, b, c=None, d=None, e=-1):
            a + b
            return

        def f(a, mode):
            return torch.ops.mylib.foo(
                a,
                0,
            )

        a = torch.tensor([10, 10, 10], dtype=torch.int64)

        torch.compile(f)(a, 0)

        cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
        del lib

    def test_user_defined_setattr1(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(obj):
            obj.y = obj.x + 1

        obj = UserDefineSetAttr()
        with patch.object(UserDefineSetAttr, "setup", True):
            obj.x = torch.randn(8)
        fn(obj)
        with patch.object(UserDefineSetAttr, "setup", True):
            self.assertEqual(obj.y, obj.x + 1)
        self.assertEqual(obj.__dict__.keys(), {"pfx_x", "pfx_y"})

    def test_user_defined_setattr2(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            obj = UserDefineSetAttr()
            obj.x = x
            obj.y = obj.x + 1
            return obj

        x = torch.randn(8)
        obj = fn(x)
        with patch.object(UserDefineSetAttr, "setup", True):
            self.assertIs(obj.x, x)
            self.assertEqual(obj.y, x + 1)
        self.assertEqual(obj.__dict__.keys(), {"pfx_x", "pfx_y"})

    def test_closure_recompiles(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        def fn(x, other_fn):
            return other_fn(x + 1) - 1

        opt = torch.compile(fn, backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)

        x = torch.randn(8)
        for f in (
            closure_adder(5),
            closure_adder(5),
            closure_adder(torch.randn(8)),
            closure_adder(torch.randn(8)),
        ):
            self.assertEqual(opt(x, f), fn(x, f))

        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 2)

    def test_generate_trivial_abstract_impl(self):
        try:
            lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::foo",
                "(Tensor x, Tensor[] y, Tensor(a!)? z, SymInt w) -> ()",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )

            @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
            @torch._dynamo.disable
            def foo_impl(x, y, z, w):
                x + y[0] + w
                return

            def f(x, y, z, w):
                return torch.ops.mylib.foo(x, y, z, 2)

            x = torch.randn(3)
            y = (torch.randn(3), torch.randn(3))
            z = torch.randn(3)
            w = torch.randn(3)
            args = (x, y, z, w)

            output = torch.compile(f, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(*args)
            self.assertEqual(output, None)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
            del lib

    def test_can_auto_functionalize(self):
        from torch._higher_order_ops.auto_functionalize import can_auto_functionalize

        expected_true = [
            "(Tensor(a!) x) -> ()",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> ()",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor[] y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> ()",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> Tensor",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> (Tensor, Tensor)",
        ]
        expected_false = [
            "(Tensor x) -> ()",
            "(Tensor(a) x) -> Tensor(a)",
            "(Tensor(a!) x) -> Tensor(a!)",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!)[] z, SymInt w) -> ()",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> Tensor(a)",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> (Tensor, Tensor(a))",
            "(Tensor(a) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> (Tensor, Tensor(a))",
            "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor(c!)? n) -> (Tensor, Tensor[])",
        ]
        for schema in expected_true:
            try:
                lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
                torch.library.define("mylib::a", schema, lib=lib)
                self.assertTrue(
                    can_auto_functionalize(torch.ops.mylib.a.default), msg=schema
                )
                self.assertFalse(can_auto_functionalize(torch.ops.mylib.a))
            finally:
                cleanup_op("mylib::a")
                del lib
        for schema in expected_false:
            try:
                lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
                torch.library.define("mylib::a", schema, lib=lib)
                self.assertFalse(
                    can_auto_functionalize(torch.ops.mylib.a.default), msg=schema
                )
                self.assertFalse(can_auto_functionalize(torch.ops.mylib.a))
            finally:
                cleanup_op("mylib::a")
                del lib

    def test_auto_functionalize(self):
        try:
            lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::foo",
                "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor[] y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor n) -> ()",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )

            @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
            @torch._dynamo.disable
            def foo_impl(x, y, z, w, n):
                x.add_(y[0] + w)
                z.add_(y[1] + n)

            def f(x, y, z, n):
                torch.ops.mylib.foo(x, y, z, 2, n)

            x = torch.randn(3)
            y = (torch.randn(3), torch.randn(3))
            z = torch.randn(3)
            n = torch.randn(3)
            orig_args = (x, y, z, n)

            compiled_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)

            log_stream, ctx = logs_to_string(
                "torch._inductor.compile_fx", "post_grad_graphs"
            )
            with ctx():
                torch.compile(f, backend="inductor", fullgraph=True)(*compiled_args)

            post_grad_graphs = "\n".join(
                log_stream.getvalue().strip().split("\n")[3:]
            ).strip()

            # Check the graph under static shapes
            if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
                self.assertExpectedInline(
                    post_grad_graphs,
                    """\
def forward(self, arg0_1: "f32[3]", arg1_1: "f32[3]", arg2_1: "f32[3]", arg3_1: "f32[3]", arg4_1: "f32[3]"):
        # No stacktrace found for following nodes
        foo_default = torch.ops.mylib.foo.default(arg0_1, [arg3_1, arg4_1], arg1_1, 2, arg2_1);  arg0_1 = arg3_1 = arg4_1 = arg1_1 = arg2_1 = None
        return ()""",
                )

            eager_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)
            f(*eager_args)
            self.assertEqual(compiled_args, eager_args)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
            del lib

    def test_auto_functionalize_with_returns(self):
        try:
            lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::foo",
                "(Tensor(a!) x, Tensor[] y, Tensor(b!) z, SymInt w, Tensor n) -> (Tensor, Tensor)",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )

            @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
            @torch._dynamo.disable
            def foo_impl(x, y, z, w, n):
                x.add_(y[0] + w)
                z.add_(y[1] + n)
                return y[0] + w, y[1] + n

            @torch.library.impl_abstract("mylib::foo", lib=lib)
            def foo_abstract(x, y, z, w, n):
                return y[0] + w, y[1] + n

            def f(x, y, z, n):
                return torch.ops.mylib.foo(x, y, z, 2, n)

            x = torch.randn(3)
            y = (torch.randn(3), torch.randn(3))
            z = torch.randn(3)
            n = torch.randn(3)
            orig_args = (x, y, z, n)

            compiled_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)
            log_stream, ctx = logs_to_string(
                "torch._inductor.compile_fx", "post_grad_graphs"
            )
            with ctx():
                compiled_out = torch.compile(f, backend="inductor", fullgraph=True)(
                    *compiled_args
                )

            if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
                post_grad_graphs = "\n".join(
                    log_stream.getvalue().strip().split("\n")[3:]
                ).strip()
                self.assertExpectedInline(
                    post_grad_graphs,
                    """\
def forward(self, arg0_1: "f32[3]", arg1_1: "f32[3]", arg2_1: "f32[3]", arg3_1: "f32[3]", arg4_1: "f32[3]"):
        # No stacktrace found for following nodes
        foo_default = torch.ops.mylib.foo.default(arg0_1, [arg3_1, arg4_1], arg1_1, 2, arg2_1);  arg0_1 = arg3_1 = arg4_1 = arg1_1 = arg2_1 = None
        getitem_4: "f32[3]" = foo_default[0]
        getitem_5: "f32[3]" = foo_default[1];  foo_default = None
        return (getitem_4, getitem_5)""",
                )

            eager_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)
            eager_out = f(*eager_args)
            self.assertEqual(compiled_args, eager_args)
            self.assertEqual(compiled_out, eager_out)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
            del lib

    def test_auto_functionalize_on_view(self):
        try:
            lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::foo",
                "(Tensor(a!) x) -> ()",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )

            @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
            @torch._dynamo.disable
            def foo_impl(x):
                x_np = x.detach().numpy()  # view
                np.sin(x_np, out=x_np)
                return

            x = torch.randn(3)
            expected = x.sin()
            torch.ops.mylib.foo(x)
            assert torch.allclose(x, expected)

            @torch.compile(backend="aot_eager_decomp_partition", fullgraph=True)
            def f(x):
                x = x.clone()
                y = x[:]
                torch.ops.mylib.foo(y)
                return x

            y = f(x)
            self.assertEqual(y, x.sin())
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
            del lib

    def test_auto_functionalize_optional(self):
        try:
            lib = torch.library.Library("mylib", "FRAGMENT")
            torch.library.define(
                "mylib::foo",
                "(Tensor(a!)? x, Tensor[] y, Tensor(b!)? z, SymInt w, Tensor n) -> ()",
                tags=torch.Tag.pt2_compliant_tag,
                lib=lib,
            )

            @torch.library.impl("mylib::foo", "cpu", lib=lib)
            @torch._dynamo.disable
            def foo_impl(x, y, z, w, n):
                if x is not None:
                    x.add_(y[0] + w)
                if z is not None:
                    z.add_(y[1] + n)

            def f(x, y, z, n):
                torch.ops.mylib.foo(x, y, z, 2, n)

            x = None
            y = (torch.randn(3), torch.randn(3))
            z = torch.randn(3)
            n = torch.randn(3)
            orig_args = (x, y, z, n)

            compiled_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)
            log_stream, ctx = logs_to_string(
                "torch._inductor.compile_fx", "post_grad_graphs"
            )
            with ctx():
                torch.compile(f, backend="inductor", fullgraph=True)(*compiled_args)

            if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
                post_grad_graphs = "\n".join(
                    log_stream.getvalue().strip().split("\n")[3:]
                ).strip()
                self.assertExpectedInline(
                    post_grad_graphs,
                    """\
def forward(self, arg0_1: "f32[3]", arg1_1: "f32[3]", arg2_1: "f32[3]", arg3_1: "f32[3]"):
        # No stacktrace found for following nodes
        foo_default = torch.ops.mylib.foo.default(None, [arg2_1, arg3_1], arg0_1, 2, arg1_1);  arg2_1 = arg3_1 = arg0_1 = arg1_1 = None
        return ()""",
                )

            eager_args = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, torch.clone, orig_args)
            f(*eager_args)
            self.assertEqual(compiled_args, eager_args)
        finally:
            cleanup_op("mylib::foo")
            del lib

    def test_shape_int_inplace_binops(self):
        def fn(x):
            p = x.shape[0]
            p += 2
            p -= 2
            p **= 2
            p /= 2
            p *= 2
            p //= 2
            p %= 2
            return x + p

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 10)
        )

    def test_int_shape_inplace_binops(self):
        def fn(x):
            p = x.shape[0]
            # Test reversal by putting constant first
            y = 2
            y += p
            y = 2
            y -= p
            y = 2
            y **= p
            y = 2
            y /= p
            y = 2
            y *= p
            y = 2
            y //= p
            y = 2
            y %= p
            return x + y

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 10)
        )

    def test_int_int_comparisons(self):
        def fn(x):
            if 2 != 2:
                out = 1
            elif 2 < 1:
                out = 1
            elif 1 > 2:
                out = 1
            elif 1 >= 2:
                out = 1
            elif 2 <= 1:
                out = 1
            elif 2 == 2:
                out = 2
            else:
                out = 1
            return x + out

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1)

    def test_shape_int_comparisons(self):
        def fn(x):
            a = x.shape[0]
            # Ensure support for constant on right side
            if a != 10:
                out = 1
            elif a < 2:
                out = 1
            elif a > 12:
                out = 1
            elif a >= 12:
                out = 1
            elif a <= 2:
                out = 1
            elif a == 10:
                out = 2
            else:
                out = 1
            return x + out

        # expect for dynamic: size, index, 6 comparison ops, add
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 9)
        )

    def test_int_shape_comparisons(self):
        def fn(x):
            a = x.shape[0]
            # Ensure support for constant on left side
            if 10 != a:
                out = 1
            elif 12 < a:
                out = 1
            elif 2 > a:
                out = 1
            elif 2 >= a:
                out = 1
            elif 12 <= a:
                out = 1
            elif 10 == a:
                out = 2
            else:
                out = 1
            return x + out

        # expect for dynamic: size, index, 6 comparison ops, add
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 9)
        )

    def test_param_shape_binops(self):
        class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.param = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(15))

            def forward(self, x):
                # Test reversal by putting param shape arg first.
                p = self.param.shape[0]
                y = p - x.shape[0]
                y = p + y
                y = p * y
                y = p % y
                y = p**y
                y = p // y
                y = pow(p, y)
                y = p / y
                return x + y

        counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        mod = MyModule()
        optimized_mod = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(mod)

        x = torch.randn(3)
        ref = mod(x)
        res = optimized_mod(x)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(counts.frame_count, 1)

        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(counts.op_count, """1""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(counts.op_count, """11""")

    def test_user_defined_binop(self):
        class MyClass:
            def __init__(self, value):
                self.value = value

            def __radd__(self, other):
                return self.value + other

        def fn(x, c):
            y = x.shape[0] + c
            return x + y

        counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts)(fn)

        x = torch.randn(3)
        c = MyClass(4)
        ref = fn(x, c)
        res = opt_fn(x, c)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(counts.frame_count, 1)
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(counts.op_count, """1""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(counts.op_count, """4""")

    def test_user_defined_iter(self):
        class Mod:
            def __init__(self):
                self.a = [torch.randn(2, 2), torch.randn(2, 2)]

            def __iter__(self):
                return iter(self.a)

        def f(mod):
            ret = []
            for x in mod:
                ret.append(x + 1)
            return ret

        mod = Mod()
        counts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counts, nopython=True)(f)
        ref = f(mod)
        res = opt_fn(mod)
        res = opt_fn(mod)
        res = opt_fn(mod)
        res = opt_fn(mod)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(counts.frame_count, 1)

        mod.a.append(torch.randn(2, 2))
        # `for x in mod` is inlined, where iter(m.a) creates a guard on the list length of m.a
        # Mutating length of mod.a causes a re-compilation.
        ref2 = f(mod)
        res2 = opt_fn(mod)
        res2 = opt_fn(mod)
        res2 = opt_fn(mod)
        res2 = opt_fn(mod)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref2, res2))
        self.assertEqual(counts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_compare_shapes_eq(self):
        def compare_shapes(a, b, to_list):
            x = list(a.unsqueeze(-1).shape) if to_list else a.shape
            y = list(b.unsqueeze(-1).shape) if to_list else b.shape
            if x == y:
                return a + 1
            else:
                return a + 2

        # Test both ListVariable and ShapeVariable
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b, to_list=True), 2
        )
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b, to_list=False), 2
        )

    def test_compare_shapes_tuple_eq(self):
        def compare_shapes(a, b):
            x = tuple(a.unsqueeze(-1).shape)
            y = tuple(b.unsqueeze(-1).shape)
            if x == y:
                return a + 1
            else:
                return a + 2

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b), 2)

    def test_compare_shapes_tuple_neq(self):
        def compare_shapes(a, b):
            x = tuple(a.unsqueeze(-1).shape)
            y = tuple(b.unsqueeze(-1).shape)
            if x != y:
                return a + 1
            else:
                return a + 2

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b), 2)

    def test_compare_shapes_neq(self):
        def compare_shapes(a, b, to_list):
            x = list(a.unsqueeze(-1).shape) if to_list else a.shape
            y = list(b.unsqueeze(-1).shape) if to_list else b.shape
            if x != y:
                return a + 1
            else:
                return a + 2

        # Test both ListVariable and ShapeVariable
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b, to_list=True), 2
        )
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, lambda a, b: compare_shapes(a, b, to_list=False), 2
        )

    def test_compare_shapes_with_constant(self):
        def compare_shapes(a):
            x = a.shape
            if x[0] != 3:
                return a * 4
            return a * 3

        guard_failure = None

        def guard_failures(failure):
            nonlocal guard_failure
            guard_failure = failure

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(
            "eager", nopython=True, guard_fail_fn=guard_failures
        )(compare_shapes)
        opt_fn(torch.randn([3, 4]))
        opt_fn(torch.randn([4, 3]))
        self.assertIn(
            """tensor 'L['a']' size mismatch at index 0. expected 3, actual 4""",
            guard_failure.reason,
        )

    def test_builtin_abs(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            return abs(x) + abs(y)

        sample = torch.randn(10, 10)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)

        for sample in [
            (torch.randn(10, 10), torch.randn(10, 10)),
            (-10, make_tensor(10, dtype=torch.int64, device="cpu")),
            (-0.1, torch.randn(10)),
        ]:
            expect = fn(*sample)
            actual = opt_fn(*sample)
            self.assertEqual(expect, actual)

    def test_builtin_isinstance(self):
        def fn(x):
            t = torch.arange(1, 3)
            a = isinstance(x, torch.Tensor)
            b = isinstance(t, torch.Tensor)
            c = isinstance(x, int)
            d = isinstance(3, int)
            e = isinstance([1, 2, 3], list)
            f = isinstance({"foo": 1, "bar": 2}, dict)
            res = [a, b, c, d, e, f]
            # Can't run yet due to other unimplemented instructions
            # res += [isinstance(torch.nn.LazyLinear(2, 3), torch.nn.Linear)]
            return res

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1)

    @unittest.skipIf(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8), "Requires astunparse")
    def test_cse_dict_guards(self):
        def fn(x):
            ret = torch.zeros(3)
            for v in x.values():
                ret = ret + v
            return ret

        from torch._dynamo.guards import build_guard_function, CLOSURE_VARS

        x = {3: torch.randn(3), 2: torch.randn(3), 4: torch.randn(3)}
        _, guards = torch._dynamo.export(fn, x)

        code_lists = [c for g in guards for c in g.code_list or []]
        _, pycode = build_guard_function(code_lists, [])
        # Make sure we just call "list(dict.keys())" once
        self.assertEqual(pycode.count("keys"), 1)

    def test_sys_modules(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            mod_a = sys.modules.get("aaaaaaaa")
            assert mod_a is None
            assert "bbbbbbbb" not in sys.modules

            assert "operator" in sys.modules
            operator = sys.modules["operator"]
            builtins = sys.modules.get("builtins")
            operator2 = sys.modules.get("cccccccc", operator)

            return operator.add(x, y), operator2.neg(builtins.abs(x))

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn, 2, expected_ops=3)

        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        _, guards = torch._dynamo.export(fn, x, x)
        guard_code = []
        for guard in guards:
            if guard.code_list:
                guard_code += guard.code_list

        # Filter out id-matches that won't reproduce run to run
        guard_code = filter(
            lambda line: "id" not in line and "lookup_backend" not in line,
            sorted(guard_code),
        )
        guard_code_str = "\n".join(guard_code)

        for line in """\
2 <= L['x'].size()[0]
L['x'] is L['y']
L['x'].ndimension() == 2
L['x'].requires_grad == False
L['x'].size()[1] == L['x'].size()[0]
L['x'].storage_offset() == 0
___dict_contains('builtins', G['sys'].modules)
___dict_contains('operator', G['sys'].modules)
___dict_contains('operator', G['sys'].modules)
hasattr(L['x'], '_dynamo_dynamic_indices') == False
not ___dict_contains('aaaaaaaa', G['sys'].modules)
not ___dict_contains('bbbbbbbb', G['sys'].modules)
not ___dict_contains('cccccccc', G['sys'].modules)
str(L['x'].device) == 'cpu'
str(L['x'].dtype) == 'torch.float32'
utils_device.CURRENT_DEVICE == None""".split(
            "\n"
        ):
            self.assertIn(
                line,
                guard_code_str,
            )

    def test_fold(self):
        def fn(a):
            return a + math.sqrt(63)

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1)

    def test_getattr_dict(self):
        def fn(x):
            from torch.masked.maskedtensor._ops_refs import _MASKEDTENSOR_FUNCTION_TABLE

            return x * len(_MASKEDTENSOR_FUNCTION_TABLE)

        i = torch.randn(5)
        r1 = fn(i)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        r2 = opt_fn(i)
        self.assertEqual(r1, r2)

    def test_shape_unpack(self):
        def fn(x):
            a, b = x.size()
            return x * b

        i = torch.randn(5, 10)
        r1 = fn(i)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        r2 = opt_fn(i)
        self.assertTrue(same(r1, r2))

    def test_typing_dict(self):
        def fn(d):
            return d[T]

        d = {T: torch.randn(3)}
        r1 = fn(d)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        r2 = opt_fn(d)
        self.assertEqual(r1, r2)

    def test_tensor_iter(self):
        def fn(x):
            for y in x:
                y.add_(1.0)
            return y

        # expect extra size node for dynamic
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            fn,
            1,
            expected_ops=20,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(20, 21),
        )

    def test_empty_list(self):
        def fn(x, ll):
            if len(ll) == 0 and not ll and ll is not None:
                return x + 1

        i = torch.randn(5, 10)
        r1 = fn(i, [])
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        r2 = opt_fn(i, [])
        r3 = opt_fn(i, tuple())
        self.assertTrue(same(r1, r2))
        self.assertTrue(same(r1, r3))

    def test_min_max_over_iterable(self):
        def get_test_fn(func):
            def _fn(a, b, func=func):
                # try all of list, iterator, tuple, vararg.
                lst = [a.shape[0] + 1, 8, a.shape[0]]
                x = func(lst)
                y = func(iter(lst))
                z = func(tuple(lst))
                w = func(*lst)
                return a + (x + y + z + w)

            return _fn

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            get_test_fn(func=min),
            2,
            expected_ops=1,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 14),
        )
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            get_test_fn(func=max),
            2,
            expected_ops=1,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 17),
        )

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_torch_check(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnts, fullgraph=True)
        def f(x):
            y = x.item()
            torch._check(y >= 0)
            return torch.arange(0, y)

        f(torch.tensor([3]))
        f(torch.tensor([4]))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_torch_check_symbolic_shape_rel(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnts, fullgraph=True)
        def f(x):
            y = x.item()
            torch._check(x.shape[0] == 1)
            torch._check(x.shape[0] != 2)
            torch._check(x.shape[0] >= 0)
            torch._check(x.shape[0] > 0)
            torch._check(x.shape[0] < 4)
            torch._check(x.shape[0] <= 3)
            return torch.arange(0, y)

        f(torch.tensor([3]))
        f(torch.tensor([4]))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    # Translation validation changes the exception type, don't run with it
    @torch.fx.experimental._config.patch(translation_validation=False)
    def test_torch_check_is_size(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnts, fullgraph=True)
        def f(x):
            y = x.item()
            torch._check_is_size(y)
            # Cannot conditional on unbacked SymInt
            if y == 0:
                assert False
            else:
                return torch.arange(0, y)

        self.assertRaises(torch._dynamo.exc.UserError, lambda: f(torch.tensor([3])))

    def test_config_obj(self):
        class Cfg:
            def __init__(self):
                self.val = 0.5
                self.count = 3

        def fn(x, cfg):
            for i in range(cfg.count):
                x = x + cfg.val
            return x

        cfg1 = Cfg()
        cfg1.val = 1.0
        cfg2 = Cfg()
        v = torch.zeros(1)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        v = opt_fn(v, cfg1)  # 3
        v = opt_fn(v, cfg2)  # 4.5
        cfg2.count = 1
        v = opt_fn(v, cfg2)  # 5
        cfg2.val = 2.0
        v = opt_fn(v, cfg2)  # 7
        self.assertEqual(v[0], 7)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 8)

    def test_config_getattr_default(self):
        class Cfg:
            def __init__(self):
                self.val = 0.5
                self.count = 10

        def fn(x, cfg):
            if getattr(cfg, "just_add_7", False):
                return x + 7
            for i in range(cfg.count):
                x = x + cfg.val
            return x

        cfg1 = Cfg()
        v = torch.zeros(1)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 5)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 5)
        cfg1.just_add_7 = True
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 7)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 7)
        cfg1.just_add_7 = False
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 5)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, cfg1)[0], 5)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 3)

    def test_size_input(self):
        def fn(x, s):
            a, b = s
            return x + (a - b)

        v = torch.zeros(10, 20)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, v.size())[0, 0], -10)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, (10, 20))[0, 0], -10)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v, [10, 20])[0, 0], -10)
        # One recompile per differing input type
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 3)

    def test_cell_output1(self):
        out = None

        def fn(a, b):
            nonlocal out
            out = a + b * 10

        v = torch.Tensor([100])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertIsNone(opt_fn(v, v))
        self.assertEqual(out[0], 1100)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_cell_output2(self):
        out = None

        def fn(a, b):
            nonlocal out
            c = unsupported(a, b)
            out = a + b * 10 + c

        v = torch.Tensor([100])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertIsNone(opt_fn(v, v))
        self.assertEqual(out[0], 1200)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    def test_return_nested_function(self):
        out = None

        def fn(a, b):
            nonlocal out
            c = a + b
            d = a + 1.0

            def fn2(f: int = 7, g: float = 9.0):
                nonlocal out
                out = a + b * 10
                return c * f - d * g

            return fn2

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        opt_fn_ret = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(opt_fn(v1, v2))
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn_ret(1.5)[0], -459)
        self.assertEqual(out[0], 2100)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 7)

    def test_tensor_dict1(self):
        def fn(inputs):
            return inputs["a"] - inputs["b"] * 1.5

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn({"a": v1, "b": v2})[0], -200)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_tensor_dict3(self):
        def fn(inputs_a, inputs_b):
            total = torch.zeros(1)
            input_keys = inputs_a.keys() | inputs_b.keys()
            for k in input_keys:
                if k in inputs_a:
                    total += inputs_a[k]
                if k in inputs_b:
                    total += inputs_b[k]
            return total

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(
            opt_fn({"a": v1, "b": v2}, {"b": v1, "c": v2}),
            fn({"a": v1, "b": v2}, {"b": v1, "c": v2}),
        )
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 5)

    def test_tensor_dict2(self):
        def fn1(inputs):
            total = torch.zeros(1)
            for k, v in inputs.items():
                total += v
            return total

        def fn2(inputs):
            total = torch.zeros(1)
            for v in inputs.values():
                total += v
            return total

        def fn3(inputs):
            total = torch.zeros(1)
            for k in inputs.keys():
                total += inputs[k]
            return total

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn1)
        opt_fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn2)
        opt_fn3 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn3)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn1({"a": v1, "b": v2})[0], 300)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn2({"a": v1, "b": v2})[0], 300)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn3({"a": v1, "b": v2})[0], 300)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 3)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 9)

    def test_dictcomp(self):
        def fn1(inputs):
            return {k: v + 1 for k, v in inputs.items()}

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn1)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn1({"a": v1, "b": v2})["a"], 101)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn1({"a": v1, "b": v2})["b"], 201)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_listcomp(self):
        def fn2(inputs):
            return torch.sum(torch.cat([v + 1 for k, v in inputs.items()], 0))

        v1 = torch.Tensor([100])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([200])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn2)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn2({"a": v1, "b": v2}), 302)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 4)

    def test_is_floating_point(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            x = a + 1.0
            if torch.is_floating_point(b):
                x = x + b
            return x + 2.0

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=2, expected_ops=3)

    def test_is_floating_point2(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            x = a + 1.0
            if b.is_floating_point():
                x = x + b
            return x + 2.0

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=2, expected_ops=3)

    def test_is_tensor(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            x = a + 1.0
            if torch.is_tensor(b):
                x = x + b
            return x + 2.0

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=2, expected_ops=3)

    def test_is_tensor2(self):
        def fn(x):
            if torch.is_tensor(x):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return torch.ones([2, 3])

        x1 = {"input": torch.rand(2, 3)}
        x2 = torch.rand(2, 3)
        ref1 = fn(x1)
        ref2 = fn(x2)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res1 = opt_fn(x1)
        res2 = opt_fn(x2)
        self.assertEqual(ref1, res1)
        self.assertEqual(ref2, res2)

    def test_numel(self):
        def fn(a):
            return (a + a.numel() + torch.numel(a), a + a.nelement())

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            fn=fn,
            nargs=1,
            expected_ops=3,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(3, 6),
        )

    def test_pair(self):
        def fn(a):
            return (
                torch.zeros(torch.nn.modules.utils._pair(a.size()))
                + a
                + torch.ones(torch.nn.modules.utils._ntuple(3)(3)).sum()
            )

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            fn=fn,
            nargs=1,
            expected_ops=5,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(5, 8),
        )

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "capture_scalar_outputs", True)
    def test_tensor_item_capture(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            return (a + b).sum().item()

        v1 = torch.randn((10, 10))
        v2 = torch.randn((10, 10))
        correct = fn(v1, v2)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v1, v2), correct)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "capture_scalar_outputs", False)
    def test_tensor_item_no_capture(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            return (a + b).sum().item()

        v1 = torch.randn((10, 10))
        v2 = torch.randn((10, 10))
        correct = fn(v1, v2)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v1, v2), correct)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_namedtuple1(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            tmp = mytuple(a, b, a + b)
            return mytuple(tmp.a, tmp[1], tmp.ab + b)

        v1 = torch.Tensor([10])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([20])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(v1, v2).ab, 50)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_namedtuple2(self):
        def fn(packed):
            a, b, c = packed
            if hasattr(packed, "b"):
                b = packed.b + 1
            c = packed[2]
            return a + b + c

        v1 = torch.Tensor([1])
        v2 = torch.Tensor([2])
        v3 = torch.Tensor([3])
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(mytuple(v1, v2, v3))[0], 7)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    def test_namedtuple3(self):
        def fn(x, packed):
            if isinstance(packed, mytuple):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand([2, 3])
        packed = mytuple(1, 2, 3)
        ref = fn(x, packed)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, packed)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_range_input(self):
        def fn(a, rng):
            x = a
            for i in rng:
                x = x + i
            return x

        def fn1(a):
            return fn(a, rng=range(3))

        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn=fn1, nargs=1, expected_ops=3
        )

    def test_range_with_shape(self):
        def fn(a):
            for i in range(1, a.shape[0]):
                a += 1
            return a

        # expect 1 more op (size call) for dynamic
        return torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self,
            fn=fn,
            nargs=1,
            expected_ops=9,
            expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(9, 10),
        )

    def test_build_tuple_unpack(self):
        def fn1(a, b, c):
            return a - b / c

        def fn2(a, b, c):
            tmp1 = (a,)
            tmp2 = (b, c)
            args = (*tmp1, *tmp2)
            return fn1(*args)

        def fn3(a, *args):
            return fn1(a, *args)

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn2, nargs=3, expected_ops=2)
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn3, nargs=3, expected_ops=2)

    def test_list_mul(self):
        def fn(count):
            head_mask = count * [None] * count
            return head_mask

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(2), [None] * 4)
        # TODO: the captured frame here is a bit goofy, because we don't
        # output anything and none of the traced operations have side
        # effects.  Probably need better heuristic for bailing on
        # dynamo if there are no outputs
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """0""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """0""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """1""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """2""")

    def test_list_slice_mul(self):
        def fn(count):
            a = [1, 2, 3]
            head_mask = count * a[1:] * count
            return head_mask

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(2), [2, 3] * 4)
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """0""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """0""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """1""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """2""")

    def test_tuple_mul(self):
        def fn(count):
            head_mask = count * (2, 3) * count
            return head_mask

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(2), (2, 3) * 4)
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """0""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """0""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.frame_count, """1""")
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """2""")

    def test_tuple_mul_with_shape(self):
        def fn(a):
            x = a.shape[0]
            y = 2 * (x, 3) * 2
            return a + y[4]

        # expect 3 ops post folding for dynamic case: size, index, add
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=1, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(1, 3)
        )

    def test_tuple_iadd_with_shape(self):
        def fn(a):
            output = (a + a.shape[0], a - a.shape[0])
            # tuple += tuple
            output += (a - a.shape[0], a + a.shape[0])
            # tuple += constant tuple
            output += (2, 3)
            return output

        # expect 4 add / subs for static, 4 * 3 (size, index, math op) for dynamic
        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=4, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(4, 12)
        )

    def test_list_iadd_with_shape(self):
        def fn(a):
            output = [a + a.shape[0], a - a.shape[0]]
            # list += list
            output += [a - a.shape[0], a + a.shape[0]]
            # list += tuple
            output += (a + a.shape[0], a - a.shape[0])
            return output

        # expect 6 add / subs for static, 6 * 3 (size, index, math op) for dynamic

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(
            self, fn, 1, expected_ops=6, expected_ops_dynamic=ifdynstaticdefault(6, 18)
        )

    def test_list_iadd_side_effect(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            a += [b]
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return a

        a = [1, 2, 3]
        b = torch.ones(2, 2)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)

        exp = fn(a, b)

        a = [1, 2, 3]
        b = torch.ones(2, 2)
        act = opt_fn(a, b)

        self.assertEqual(exp, act)

    def test_user_getattr1(self):
        class MyConfig(dict):
            def __getattr__(self, name):
                return self[name]

        def fn(cfg, x, y):
            return x + y + cfg.offset

        x = torch.randn(10)
        cfg = MyConfig(offset=5)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(cfg, x, x), 2 * x + 5))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_user_getattr2(self):
        class MyConfig:
            defined_on_class = 1

            def __init__(self):
                self.defined_on_object = 2

            def __getattr__(self, name):
                return 3

        def fn(cfg, x):
            return x + cfg.defined_on_class - cfg.defined_on_object + cfg.not_defined

        x = torch.randn(10)
        cfg = MyConfig()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(cfg, x), x + 1 - 2 + 3))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    def test_getset_descriptor(self):
        def fn(g, x):
            return g.__get__(x)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fullgraph=True, backend="eager")(fn)
        g = torch.Tensor.shape

        res = opt_fn(g, torch.ones(2, 2))
        exp_res = fn(g, torch.ones(2, 2))
        self.assertEqual(res, exp_res)

    def test_get_attr_function(self):
        def fn(g, x):
            return g(x)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        g = torch.Tensor.shape.__get__

        res = opt_fn(g, torch.ones(2, 2))
        exp_res = fn(g, torch.ones(2, 2))
        self.assertEqual(res, exp_res)

    def test_user_getattribute(self):
        class MyObject:
            def __init__(self):
                self.custom_dict = {"a": torch.rand((2, 2))}
                self.my_number = 42

            def __getattribute__(self, name):
                custom_dict = super().__getattribute__("custom_dict")
                if name in custom_dict:
                    return custom_dict[name]
                return super().__getattribute__(name)

            def run(self, x):
                return self.my_number * x + self.a * x

        def fn(obj, x):
            return obj.run(x)

        obj = MyObject()
        x = torch.rand((2, 2))
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(obj, x), fn(obj, x)))

    def test_nn_module_getattr(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.custom_dict = {"queue": [torch.rand((2, 2)) for _ in range(3)]}
                self.other_attr = torch.rand((2, 2))

            def __getattr__(self, name):
                custom_dict = self.custom_dict
                if name in custom_dict:
                    return custom_dict[name]
                return super().__getattr__(name)

            def forward(self, x):
                return x @ self.other_attr + self.queue[-1]

        x = torch.rand((2, 2))
        mod = MyMod()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_mod = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(mod)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_mod(x), mod(x)))
        self.assertTrue(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertTrue(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_nn_module_getattribute(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.my_number = 42

            def __getattribute__(self, name):
                if name == "special_attr":
                    return torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
                return super().__getattribute__(name)

            def forward(self, x):
                return self.my_number * x + self.special_attr * x

        def fn(mod, x):
            return mod(x)

        mod = MyMod()
        x = torch.rand((2, 2))
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(mod, x), fn(mod, x)))

    def test_constant_getattr(self):
        # https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/97480
        def fn():
            return getattr(None, "arg", 3)

        cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        optimized_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnt)(fn)
        res = optimized_fn()
        self.assertTrue(same(res, 3))

    def test_user_property(self):
        class MyConfig:
            @property
            def prop5(self):
                return 5

        def fn(cfg, x, y):
            return x + y + cfg.prop5

        x = torch.randn(10)
        cfg = MyConfig()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(cfg, x, x), 2 * x + 5))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_dataclass_fields(self):
        @dataclasses.dataclass
        class MyDataClass:
            a: torch.Tensor
            b: torch.Tensor = None
            c: torch.Tensor = None
            d: torch.Tensor = None
            e: torch.Tensor = None

        def fn(obj):
            class_fields = dataclasses.fields(obj)
            assert len(class_fields)
            assert all(field.default is None for field in class_fields[1:])
            other_fields_are_none = all(
                getattr(obj, field.name) is None for field in class_fields[1:]
            )
            assert not other_fields_are_none

            if not hasattr(obj, "a"):
                return -1
            if hasattr(obj, "z"):
                return -2

            total = getattr(obj, class_fields[0].name)
            for field in class_fields[1:]:
                v = getattr(obj, field.name)
                if v is not None:
                    total += v

            return total

        obj1 = MyDataClass(torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10))
        obj2 = MyDataClass(torch.randn(10), e=torch.randn(10))
        correct1 = fn(obj1)
        correct2 = fn(obj2)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(obj1), correct1))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(obj2), correct2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)

        # guard failure
        obj2.z = True
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(obj2), -2)

    def test_dataclass_local_hasattr(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()
        x = torch.randn(10)

        @dataclasses.dataclass
        class MyDataClass:
            a: torch.Tensor
            b: torch.Tensor

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)
        def fn():
            obj = MyDataClass(x + 1, x - 1)
            if not hasattr(obj, "a"):
                return -1
            if hasattr(obj, "z"):
                return -2
            return obj

        result = fn()
        self.assertIsInstance(result, MyDataClass)
        self.assertEqual(result.a, x + 1)
        self.assertEqual(result.b, x - 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.op_count, 2)

    def test_catch_watchings1(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
                return x.sin()

        x = torch.randn(8)
        self.assertEqual(fn(x), x.sin())
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)

    def test_catch_watchings2(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            return x.sin(), warnings.catch_warnings(record=True)

        x = torch.randn(8)
        _, a = fn(x)
        _, b = fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertIsInstance(a, warnings.catch_warnings)
        self.assertIsInstance(b, warnings.catch_warnings)
        self.assertIsNot(a, b)

    def test_tensor_build_list_unpack(self):
        def fn(x):
            # seen in fastNLP_Bert
            return torch.cat([*x], dim=-1)

        val = torch.randn([1, 1, 473, 768])
        correct = fn(val)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(val), correct))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_int_constant(self):
        def fn(x, a, b):
            return x + (a % b)

        args = [torch.randn(10), 4096, np.int64(8)]
        correct = fn(*args)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, dynamic=True, nopython=True)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(*args), correct))
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(*args), correct))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_subdtype(self):
        def fn(x, n):
            return np.issubdtype(type(n), np.integer) + x

        args = [torch.randn(10), 4096]
        correct = fn(*args)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(*args), correct)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_take_along_axis(self):
        def fn(x, i, a):
            return np.take_along_axis(x, i, a)

        def sample_to_args(s):
            args = (s.input, *sample.args)
            return tuple(a.numpy() if isinstance(a, torch.Tensor) else a for a in args)

        samples = list(
            sample_inputs_take_along_dim(
                None, "cpu", torch.float32, requires_grad=False
            )
        )
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        i = 1
        for sample in samples:
            args = sample_to_args(sample)
            if len(args) < 3:
                # if axis is None, second argument is treated as 1d array
                args = (args[0], np.ravel(args[1]), None)
            self.assertEqual(fn(*args), opt_fn(*args))
            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, i)
            i += 1

    def test_numpy_torch_operators(self):
        def fn(op, t1, t2):
            return op(t1, t2)

        from torch._dynamo.variables.builtin import BuiltinVariable

        operators = BuiltinVariable._fx_graph_functions()

        for op, t1_np, t2_np in itertools.product(
            operators, (True, False), (True, False)
        ):
            if op in [operator.eq, operator.ne]:
                # returns equivalent of torch.eq/ne
                continue
            if op is operator.getitem:
                # skip
                # Did you know that tensor[ndarray_of_floats] works?
                continue
            if op is operator.imatmul and (t1_np or t2_np):
                # skip
                # in numpy, in place matmul does not work single
                # dimensional arrays
                continue
            t1 = torch.rand(5)
            if t1_np:
                t1 = t1.numpy()
            t2 = torch.rand(5)
            if t2_np:
                t2 = t2.numpy()
            try:
                # TODO try a bit harder
                result = op(t1, t2)
            except (RuntimeError, TypeError, IndexError):
                continue
            cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
            self.assertEqual(result, opt_fn(op, t1, t2), msg=f"{op=} {t1_np=} {t2_np=}")
            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1, msg=f"{op=} {t1_np=} {t2_np=}")
            torch._dynamo.reset()

    def test_numpy_ndarray_graph_break(self):
        def fn(x):
            a = x.numpy()
            b = a.real
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            c = np.multiply(b, 2.0)
            return c

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = torch.randn(3)
            ref = fn(x)
            res = opt_fn(x)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_ndarray_graph_break_with_multiple_outputs(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            a = x.numpy()
            b = y.numpy()
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return np.add(a, 1), np.add(b, 1)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = torch.randn([1, 3])
            y = torch.randn([1, 3])
            ref = fn(x, y)
            res = opt_fn(x, y)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_force(self):
        def fn(x):
            return x.numpy(force=False)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        x = torch.randn(3)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(type(res), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        def fn(x):
            return x.numpy(force=True)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        x = torch.randn(3, requires_grad=True)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(type(res), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_recompilation_scalar(self):
        def fn(x, a):
            return np.where(x < 0.5, a, x)

        x = np.random.randn(8)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, dynamic=True)(fn)

        ref = fn(x, 3)
        res = opt_fn(x, 3)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

        ref = fn(x, 4)
        res = opt_fn(x, 4)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_tensor_interacts_with_numpy_ndarray(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            a = x.numpy()
            b = y.numpy()
            c = np.ones_like(a)
            d = np.ones_like(b)
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return np.add(a, c), np.add(b, d)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = torch.randn([1, 3])
            y = torch.randn([1, 3])
            ref = fn(x, y)
            res = opt_fn(x, y)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_ndarray_works_with_builtin_function(self):
        def fn(x):
            v = x.sum() / len(x)
            return v

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = np.random.randn(2, 3)
            ref = fn(x)
            res = opt_fn(x)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_array_of_arrays(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            return np.array([x, y])

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)

        x, y = np.float64(1), np.float64(2)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(res, np.array([1, 2], dtype=float))
        self.assertEqual(type(res), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        x, y = np.arange(2), np.arange(2) + 2
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(res, np.array([[0, 1], [2, 3]]))
        self.assertEqual(type(res), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_numpy_readonly(self):
        @torch.compile(fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            return x

        x = np.broadcast_to(np.arange(3), (2, 3))
        self.assertFalse(x.flags.writeable)

        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter("error")
            y = fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(y.flags.writeable)  # XXX: differs from numpy

    def test_numpy_tolist(self):
        def fn(x):
            return x.tolist()

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)

        x = np.arange(5)
        r = opt_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(r, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
        self.assertEqual(type(r), list)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_size_attr(self):
        def fn(x):
            return x.size + x

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)

        x = np.arange(5)
        r = opt_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(r, fn(x))
        self.assertEqual(type(r), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_no_raise(self):
        def _inf_nan_preprocess(t, t_np):
            t_np = np.nan_to_num(t_np)
            return t, t_np

        def fn():
            # shape, dims format
            test_cases = (
                (3, 3),
                (4, 4),
                (5, 5),
            )

            for shape in test_cases:
                t = torch.randn(shape, dtype=torch.complex64)
                t_np = np.random.randn(*shape).astype(np.complex64)

                _, t_np = _inf_nan_preprocess(t, t_np)
                print(t, t_np)  # Just a side effect so that compilation kicks in

        cnt = CompileCounterWithBackend("inductor")
        fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnt)(fn)
        fn()
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, ifdynstaticdefault(2, 1))

    def test_mandelbrot_numpy(self):
        def mandelbrot_numpy(max_iter):
            # Define the boundaries of the complex plane
            xn = 450
            yn = 375
            xmin = -2.25
            xmax = 0.75
            ymin = -1.25
            ymax = 1.25

            # Create the grid of complex numbers
            x_values = np.linspace(xmin, xmax, xn, dtype=np.float64)
            y_values = np.linspace(ymin, ymax, yn, dtype=np.float64)
            rx, iy = np.meshgrid(x_values, y_values, indexing="xy")

            x = rx.copy()
            y = iy.copy()
            mask = np.zeros_like(x)
            for i in range(max_iter):
                x_prev = x
                y_prev = y
                x = x_prev**2 - y_prev**2 + rx
                y = 2 * x_prev * y_prev + iy
                inside = np.sqrt(x**2 + y**2) <= 2
                mask += inside
            return mask

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(mandelbrot_numpy)
        n_iter = torch._dynamo.config.cache_size_limit - 2
        for i in range(n_iter):
            x = i + 3
            ref = mandelbrot_numpy(x)
            res = opt_fn(x)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        # We need to specialise the number as it's in a forloop
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, n_iter)

    def test_numpy_as_global(self):
        global x
        x = np.arange(10)

        @torch.compile(fullgraph=True)
        def fn(y):
            return y + x + x

        r = fn(np.arange(10))
        self.assertEqual(type(r), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(r, x * 3)
        del x

    def test_numpy_gt(self):
        x = np.arange(10)

        @torch.compile
        def fn(y):
            return y >= 3

        r = fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(type(r), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(r, x >= 3)

    def test_numpy_min(self):
        x = np.arange(10)

        @torch.compile
        def fn(y):
            return min(y, 3), min(y, y - 1)

        r1, r2 = fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(type(r1), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(type(r2), np.ndarray)
        self.assertEqual(r1, np.minimum(x, 3))
        self.assertEqual(r2, np.minimum(x, x - 1))

    def test_graph_break_correctly_when_passing_numpy_ndarray_to_torch_function(self):
        # from transformers/models/big_bird/modeling_big_bird.py
        def fn(x: int, y: torch.Tensor):
            ndarray_list = [np.ones([2, x])]
            ndarray = np.stack(ndarray_list, axis=0)
            tensor = torch.tensor(ndarray, dtype=torch.long)
            tensor.unsqueeze_(0)
            return tensor + y

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for x in range(1, 10):
            y = torch.randn([1, 2, x])
            ref = fn(x, y)
            res = opt_fn(x, y)
            self.assertEqual(ref, res)
        # It's all traced once with x = 1, x = 2 and then x = ks0
        # For dynamic it's x=1 and x=ks0
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, ifdynstaticdefault(3, 2))

    def test_numpy_with_builtin_type(self):
        x = np.random.rand(5)

        def fn(x):
            return (x * 5).astype(bool).astype(float).astype(int) + 8

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        r = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(r.dtype, int)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_with_builtin_type(self):
        x = torch.randn(5)

        def fn(x):
            return (x * 5).to(bool).to(float).to(int) + 8

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        r = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(r.dtype, torch.int64)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_unique_f16(self):
        def fn():
            x = np.asarray([1, 1, 2, 2, 3], dtype=np.float16)
            return np.unique(x)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        r = opt_fn()
        self.assertEqual(r.dtype, np.float16)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_fallback_on_eager(self):
        def fn():
            return np.asarray(["L", "U"])

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        r = opt_fn()
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 0)  # graph break
        self.assertEqual(r, np.asarray(["L", "U"]))

        # repeat with a different function
        def fn2():
            return np.random.choice(["L", "U"])

        cnts2 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts2)(fn2)

        r2 = fn2()
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 0)
        assert r2 in ("L", "U")

    def test_trace_ndarray_frame(self):
        def fn(x):
            x = x**2
            print("graph break.")
            return 2 * x

        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)

        x = np.arange(8)
        self.assertEqual(fn(x), compiled_fn(x))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

    def test_trace_ndarray_frame_2(self):
        # no tensors/ndarray as inputs in the frame
        def fn(x):
            print("graph break.")
            return 2 * np.arange(x)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)

        x = 8
        self.assertEqual(fn(x), compiled_fn(x))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_numpy_non_torch_dtype(self):
        # test that we gracefully graph break on dtypes
        # that do not have pytorch equivalents.
        def fn(x):
            return isinstance(x, torch.Tensor)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        # torch does not have the `uint16` dtype
        for x in [np.array([42], dtype=np.uint16), np.uint16(42), np.dtype("uint16")]:
            r = opt_fn(x)

            self.assertEqual(r, False)
            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 0)  # graph break

    def test_numpy_iter(self):
        # test that iteration over an ndarray produces ndarrays not bare tensors
        def fn(x):
            return [bm for bm in x]

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

        proba_map = np.arange(3)[:, None]
        res = opt_fn(proba_map)

        self.assertEqual([type(r) for r in res], [np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray])
        self.assertEqual(res, [np.array([0]), np.array([1]), np.array([2])])
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    # cache size limit needs to be larger than the `dtypes` list size
    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(cache_size_limit=12)
    def test_dtypes_no_graphbreaks(self):
        dtypes = [
            # floats
            float,
            np.float64,
            "float64",
            np.float32,
            "float32",
            # np.dtype('float64')   # XXX: this is not supported, yet
            # integers
            int,
            "int",
            np.intp,
            np.int32,
            np.uint8
            # np.dtype('int')       # XXX: as above
        ]

        def fn(dt):
            return np.arange(5, dtype=dt)

        for dtyp in dtypes:
            cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)

            val = fn(dtyp)
            opt_val = opt_fn(dtyp)

            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)  # no graph break

    # setting the config value makes the PRNG identical to numpy's
    # NB this may involve a graph break
    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(use_numpy_random_stream=True)
    def test_numpy_random_config_to_numpy(self):
        @torch.compile
        def fn():
            return np.random.uniform(size=13)

        self.assertEqual(fn().shape, (13,))

    def test_inplace_view_on_graph_input(self):
        # graph break when calling methods with inplace_view tag on graph input
        func_args_map = {
            lambda x: x.resize_(6).mul_(2): torch.ones(4),
            lambda x: x.t_().mul_(2): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.transpose_(0, 1).mul_(2): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.squeeze_().mul_(2): torch.rand(1, 2, 3),
            lambda x: x.unsqueeze_(0).mul_(2): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.resize_as_(torch.rand(200, 300)): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.swapaxes_(0, 1).mul_(2): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.swapdims_(0, 1).mul_(2): torch.rand(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.rename_("N", "C").mul_(2): torch.zeros(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.as_strided_((3, 2), (2, 1)).mul_(2): torch.zeros(2, 3),
            lambda x: x.detach_().mul_(2): torch.zeros(2, 3),
        }
        for func, args in func_args_map.items():
            args_clone = args.clone()
            cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
            opt_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(func)
            self.assertTrue(same(func(args).shape, opt_f(args_clone).shape))
            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
            self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)  # mul_

    def test_out_variants_with_resizing_on_graph_inputs(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            return torch.cosh(x, out=y) + 1

        x = torch.rand(2, 3)
        y = torch.rand(4)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend=cnts)
        self.assertTrue(same(fn(x, y), opt_fn(x.clone(), y.clone())))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_out_variants_with_resizing_on_graph_inputs_with_dynamic(self):
        # https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/120482
        class CustomModel(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()

            def forward(self, inputs):
                return torch.outer(**inputs)

        compile_fn = torch.compile(CustomModel(), fullgraph=True)

        shapes = [(2, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1)]
        for shape in shapes:
            vec1, vec2 = shape
            input_tensor1 = torch.randn(vec1)
            input_tensor2 = torch.randn(vec2)
            out_tensor = torch.empty(shape)
            args = {"input": input_tensor1, "vec2": input_tensor2, "out": out_tensor}
            res = compile_fn(args)
            opt_res = res.clone()  # cuz this is out and we mutate it
            res = CustomModel()(args)
            self.assertEqual(res, opt_res)

    def test_dict_mutation_side_effect(self):
        def fn(d):
            d["c"] = d["a"] + d.pop("b")
            return d

        args1 = {"a": torch.randn(10), "b": torch.randn(10)}
        args2 = dict(args1)
        assert fn(args1) is args1
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertIs(opt_fn(args2), args2)
        self.assertTrue(same(args1, args2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)

    def test_dict_order_keys(self):
        def fn(d):
            c = 0
            for v in d.values():
                c += v
            return c

        args1 = {}
        args1["a"] = torch.rand(10)
        args1["b"] = torch.rand(10)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(fn(args1), opt_fn(args1))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

        # A different order of keys recompiles
        args2 = {}
        args2["b"] = args1["b"]
        args2["a"] = args1["a"]
        self.assertEqual(fn(args2), opt_fn(args2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        # Extra calls don't recompile
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_dict_namedtuple(self):
        def fn(d):
            return d[3] * 2

        args1 = {collections.namedtuple: None, 3: torch.randn(3)}
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(fn(args1), opt_fn(args1))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        # Test a failing namedtuple guard
        args2 = {2: None, 3: torch.randn(3)}
        self.assertEqual(fn(args2), opt_fn(args2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_dict_order_keys_tensors(self):
        def fn(d, x):
            return d[x] + 3

        args1 = {}
        x = torch.randn(10)
        y = torch.randn(10)
        z = torch.randn(10)
        args1[x] = y
        args1[3] = z

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(fn(args1, x), opt_fn(args1, x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        # Calling again doesn't recompile (same id and key order)
        opt_fn(args1, x)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        args2 = {}
        args2[3] = z
        args2[x] = y

        # Different order recompiles
        self.assertEqual(fn(args2, x), opt_fn(args2, x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_dict_order_keys_modules(self):
        def fn(d, x):
            return d[x](torch.ones(2, 2))

        args1 = {}
        x = torch.nn.Linear(2, 2)
        y = torch.nn.Linear(2, 2)
        z = torch.nn.Linear(2, 2)
        args1[x] = y
        args1[3] = z

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(fn(args1, x), opt_fn(args1, x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        # Calling again doesn't recompile (same id and key order)
        opt_fn(args1, x)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        args2 = {}
        args2[3] = z
        args2[x] = y

        # Different order recompiles
        self.assertEqual(fn(args2, x), opt_fn(args2, x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_dunder_new_function_inlining(self):
        # https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/107460

        counters.clear()

        class ModelA(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()

            def forward(self, x):
                return torch.tanh(x + 1)

        class ModelB(torch.nn.Module):
            def __new__(cls):
                return ModelA()

        class Model(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.layer = torch.nn.Linear(2, 2)

            def forward(self, x):
                other = ModelB()
                return self.layer(x) + other(x)

        x = torch.rand(2, 2)
        m = Model()

        opt_m = torch.compile(backend="eager")(m)
        ref = m(x)
        res = opt_m(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 1)
        self.assertFalse("super() nn.Module.__init__" in counters["graph_break"])

    def test_class_duner_mro(self):
        class ModuleA(torch.nn.Module):
            pass

        class ModuleB(ModuleA):
            pass

        def fn(x, mod):
            if ModuleA in type(mod).__mro__:
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(2, 3)
        mod = ModuleB()
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)
        ref = fn(x, mod)
        res = opt_fn(x, mod)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_nested_wraps(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            def add(x, y):
                return x + y

            @functools.wraps(add)
            def wrapped_call(x, y):
                return add(x, y)

            return wrapped_call(x, y)

        x = torch.randn(3, 3)
        y = torch.randn(3, 3)

        o = torch.compile(foo, fullgraph=True, backend="eager")(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(o, x + y)

        def foo(x, y):
            def nested_call(x, y):
                def mul(x, y):
                    return x * y

                @functools.wraps(mul)
                def double_nested_call(x, y):
                    return mul(x, y)

                return double_nested_call(x, y)

            return nested_call(x, y)

        o = torch.compile(foo, fullgraph=True, backend="eager")(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(o, x * y)

    def test_module_deepcopy(self):
        m1 = torch.nn.Sequential(
            torch.nn.Linear(10, 10),
            torch.nn.ReLU(),
            torch.nn.Linear(10, 10),
            torch.nn.ReLU(),
        )
        m2 = torch.nn.Sequential(
            torch.nn.Linear(10, 10),
            torch.nn.ReLU(),
            torch.nn.Linear(10, 10),
            torch.nn.ReLU(),
        )

        def fn(m, x):
            m_copy = copy.deepcopy(m)
            return m_copy(x)

        v = torch.randn(10)
        correct1 = fn(m1, v)
        correct2 = fn(m2, v)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(m1, v), correct1))
        for _ in range(10):
            self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(m2, v), correct2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 4)

    def test_type_copy(self):
        def fn(seq):
            a, b = seq
            return type(seq)([a + 1, b + 2, a + b])

        args1 = [torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10)]
        args2 = (torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10))
        correct1 = fn(args1)
        correct2 = fn(args2)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(args1), correct1))
        self.assertTrue(same(opt_fn(args2), correct2))
        self.assertIsInstance(opt_fn(args1), list)
        self.assertIsInstance(opt_fn(args2), tuple)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 6)

    def test_setattr_mutation1(self):
        class MyObj:  # noqa: B903
            def __init__(self, a, b):
                self.a = a
                self.b = b

        def fn(obj):
            obj.c = obj.a * obj.b + 1
            obj.b = obj.a * obj.c + 2
            obj.a = obj.b * obj.c + 3
            obj.c = obj.a * obj.b + 4
            obj.b = obj.a * obj.c + 5
            obj.a = obj.b * obj.c + 6
            return obj

        x1 = torch.randn(10)
        x2 = torch.randn(10)
        obj1 = MyObj(x1, x2)
        obj2 = MyObj(x1, x2)
        fn(obj2)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        self.assertIs(opt_fn(obj1), obj1)
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.a, obj2.a))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.b, obj2.b))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.c, obj2.c))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 12)

    def test_setattr_mutation2(self):
        class MyObj:
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.a = x + 1
                self.b = x + 2

        def fn(x):
            x = x / 3.0
            obj = MyObj(x)
            obj.c = obj.a * obj.b + 1
            obj.b = obj.a * obj.c + 2
            obj.a = obj.b * obj.c + 3
            return obj

        x1 = torch.randn(10)
        obj2 = fn(x1)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        obj1 = opt_fn(x1)
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.a, obj2.a))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.b, obj2.b))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1.c, obj2.c))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 9)

    def test_setattr_mutation3(self):
        # TODO(jansel): dead code eliminate the object creation
        class MyObj:
            def __init__(self, x):
                super().__init__()
                self.a = x + 1
                self.b = x + 2

        def fn(x):
            x = x / 3.0
            obj = MyObj(x)
            obj.c = obj.a * obj.b + 1
            obj.b = obj.a * obj.c + 2
            obj.a = obj.b * obj.c + 3
            return obj.a, obj.b, obj.c

        x1 = torch.randn(10)
        obj2 = fn(x1)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        obj1 = opt_fn(x1)
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1, obj2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 9)

    def test_object_setattr(self):
        @dataclasses.dataclass
        class A:
            x: torch.Tensor

        def fn1(x) -> None:
            a = A(x)
            object.__setattr__(a, "x", x + 2)
            return a

        x1 = torch.randn(10)
        obj11 = fn1(x1.clone())

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn1)
        obj12 = opt_fn1(x1.clone())
        self.assertTrue(same(obj11.x, x1 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj12.x, x1 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj11.x, obj12.x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
        class B:
            x: torch.Tensor

        def fn2(x) -> None:
            b = B(x)
            return b

        x2 = torch.randn(10)
        obj21 = fn2(x2.clone())

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn2)
        obj22 = opt_fn2(x2.clone())
        self.assertTrue(same(obj21.x, x2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj22.x, x2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj21.x, obj22.x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 0)

        @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
        class C:
            x: torch.Tensor

        def fn3(x) -> None:
            c = C(x)
            object.__setattr__(c, "x", x + 2)
            return c

        x3 = torch.randn(10)
        obj31 = fn3(x3.clone())

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn3 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn3)
        obj32 = opt_fn3(x3.clone())
        self.assertTrue(same(obj31.x, x3 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj32.x, x3 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj31.x, obj32.x))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
        class D:
            x: torch.Tensor

            def __post_init__(self):
                object.__setattr__(self, "y", self.x + 2)

        def fn4(x) -> None:
            d = D(x)
            return d

        x4 = torch.randn(10)
        obj41 = fn4(x4.clone())

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn4 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn4)
        obj42 = opt_fn4(x4.clone())
        self.assertTrue(same(obj41.x, x4))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj42.x, x4))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj41.x, obj42.x))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj41.y, x4 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj42.y, x4 + 2))
        self.assertTrue(same(obj41.y, obj42.y))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_user_defined_class_name(self):
        class MyClassFoo:
            pass

        def fn1(a, b, c):
            tmp = MyClassFoo()
            if tmp.__class__.__name__ == "MyClassFoo":
                return a - b / c

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn1, nargs=3)

    def test_user_defined_class_python_type(self):
        class MyClass1:
            pass

        class ExampleMeta(type):
            pass

        class MyClass2(metaclass=ExampleMeta):
            pass

        def fn(x, c):
            if isinstance(c, MyClass1):
                return x + 1
            elif isinstance(c, MyClass2):
                return x + 2
            else:
                return x + 3

        x = torch.rand(3)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        for c in [MyClass1, MyClass2]:
            ref = fn(x, c)
            res = opt_fn(x, c)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_super_calling_with_metaclass(self):
        class ExampleMeta(type):
            pass

        class MyClass1(metaclass=ExampleMeta):
            coeff = 4  # Force the constant guard to test source in guards

            @classmethod
            def add(cls, x):
                return x + 1

        class MyClass2(MyClass1):
            @classmethod
            def add(cls, x):
                torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                return x + super().add(x) + super().coeff

        def fn(x, obj):
            return x + obj.add(x)

        x = torch.rand(3)
        obj = MyClass2()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        ref = fn(x, obj)
        res = opt_fn(x, obj)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_usr_cls_staticmethod(self):
        class Foo:
            @staticmethod
            def bar(a, b):
                return a + b

        def fn(a, b):
            return Foo.bar(a, b) - 1

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=2)

    def test_usr_cls_classmethod(self):
        class Foo:
            @classmethod
            def bar(cls, a, b):
                return a + b

        def fn(a, b):
            return Foo.bar(a, b) - 1

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=2)

    def test_dunder_methods(self):
        class Foo:
            def __init__(self, val):
                super().__init__()
                self.val = val

            def __add__(self, other):
                return Foo(self.val + other.val)

            def __mul__(self, other):
                return Foo(self.val * other.val)

            def __truediv__(self, other):
                return Foo(self.val / other.val)

            def __sub__(self, other):
                return Foo(self.val - other.val)

        def fn(a, b, c):
            return Foo(a) + Foo(b) * Foo(c) / Foo(a) - Foo(b)

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, fn=fn, nargs=3, expected_ops=4)

    def test_function_annotation(self):
        class Variable:
            pass

        def fn(x):
            x = x / 3.0

            def inner(y: typing.List[Variable]):
                return x + 1

            return inner

        x1 = torch.randn(10)
        obj2 = fn(x1)([])

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(fn)
        opt_fn_inner = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(opt_fn(x1))
        obj1 = opt_fn_inner([])
        self.assertTrue(same(obj1, obj2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_nested_closure(self):
        v0 = torch.randn(10)

        def fn1():
            v1 = torch.randn(10)

            def fn2(*args, **kwargs):
                assert len(args) == 1
                assert len(kwargs) == 1
                v2 = torch.randn(10) + args[0] + kwargs["b"]

                def fn3(v3=torch.randn(10)):
                    def fn4():
                        return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3 + 1

                    return fn4

                return fn3

            return fn2(1, b=2)()

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(fn1)
        tmp1 = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(opt_fn1())
        tmp2 = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(opt_fn1())
        self.assertTrue(tmp1().shape, (10,))
        self.assertTrue(same(tmp1(), tmp1()))
        self.assertFalse(same(tmp1(), tmp2()))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 9)

    def test_nested_closure_mutation(self):
        def fn1():
            v1 = torch.randn(10)

            def fn2():
                v2 = torch.randn(10)

                def fn3():
                    nonlocal v1, v2
                    v1 += 1
                    v2 += 2
                    return v1 + v2

                return fn3

            rv = fn2()
            rv()
            rv()
            return rv

        torch.manual_seed(9000)
        counter1 = fn1()
        result1 = [counter1(), counter1(), counter1()]

        torch.manual_seed(9000)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(fn1)
        counter2 = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(opt_fn1())
        result2 = [counter2(), counter2(), counter2()]
        result1.append(counter1())
        result2.append(counter2())

        self.assertTrue(same(result1, result2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 11)

    def test_write_to_closures_in_inlining(self):
        out = []
        for use_dynamo in [False, True]:

            def make_counter():
                x = torch.randn(10)

                def counter():
                    nonlocal x
                    x = x + 1
                    return x

                return counter

            torch.manual_seed(0)
            counter = make_counter()
            if not use_dynamo:
                out.append(counter() + counter())
            else:
                cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

                @torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)
                def fn(counter):
                    return counter() + counter()

                out.append(fn(counter))
                self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
                self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)
                self.assertFalse(same(counter() + counter(), out[-1]))

        self.assertTrue(same(out[0], out[1]))

    def test_closure_out_of_scope_cell(self):
        cell1 = torch.rand(1).item()
        cell2 = torch.rand(3, 3)

        def indirect():
            return direct()

        def direct():
            def inner():
                return cell1 + 1, cell2 + 3

            return inner()

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(indirect)
        result1, result2 = opt_fn()
        self.assertAlmostEqual(cell1 + 1, result1)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(cell2 + 3, result2))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)

    def test_closure_out_of_scope_cell_with_mutation(self):
        cell1 = torch.rand(1).item()
        orig1 = cell1
        cell2 = torch.rand(3, 3)
        orig2 = cell2.clone()

        def indirect():
            return direct()

        def direct():
            def inner():
                nonlocal cell1, cell2
                x = cell2 + 1
                cell1 += 1
                cell2 += 10
                x = x + cell2
                return cell1, cell2, x

            return inner()

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(indirect)
        for i in range(1, 4):
            result1, result2, _ = opt_fn()
            self.assertAlmostEqual(orig1 + 1 * i, result1)
            self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(orig2 + 10 * i, result2))
            self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
            self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)
            cnts.clear()

    def test_closure_with_mutation_and_graph_break(self):
        def fn():
            x = torch.zeros(1)

            def subfunc():
                x[0] = backup

            if x[0] >= -1e5:
                pass

            backup = 1
            subfunc()
            return x

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        expected = fn()
        actual = opt_fn()
        self.assertTrue(same(expected, actual))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_closure_out_of_scope_cell_with_cond(self):
        # Test closure with out-of-scope cell variable, used in a cond
        # where the two branches read different closure variables
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        def g(x):
            return x

        class ModuleCondDeep(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, pred, x):
                return self._indirection(pred, x)

            def _indirection(self, pred, x):
                return self.indirection(pred, x)

            def indirection(self, pred, x):
                def true_fn(y):
                    return y + 2

                def false_fn(y):
                    return y - 2

                def shallow(x):
                    return x * 2

                def deep(x):
                    # y = g(x)
                    y = x
                    return cond(
                        x[0][0] > 0,
                        true_fn,
                        false_fn,
                        [y],
                    )

                return cond(pred, shallow, deep, [x])

        mod = ModuleCondDeep()
        opt_mod = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(mod)
        inp = torch.randn(3, 3)
        exp1 = mod(torch.tensor(False), inp)
        actual1 = opt_mod(torch.tensor(False), inp)
        exp2 = mod(torch.tensor(True), inp)
        actual2 = opt_mod(torch.tensor(True), inp)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(exp1, actual1))
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(exp2, actual2))

    def test_top_package_import(self):
        def fn(x):
            import torch.fx

            assert not isinstance(x, torch.fx.Proxy)
            return torch.sin(x)

        x = torch.randn(4, 5)
        ref = fn(x)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_typing_typevar(self):
        def fn(x):
            def sumt(y: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
                return torch.sum(y)

            def foo(c: typing.Callable[[T], T], y: T) -> T:
                return c(y)

            return foo(sumt, x)

        x = torch.randn(3)
        ref = fn(x)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(cnts)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    def test_typing_union_and_optional(self):
        def fn(x):
            a = torch.jit.annotate(typing.Dict[str, typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]], {})
            b = torch.jit.annotate(
                typing.Dict[str, typing.Union[torch.Tensor, None]], {}
            )
            return a, b, x + 1

        x = torch.randn(3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=False)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_optimize_on_module(self):
        class MockModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.relu = torch.nn.ReLU()

            def custom_member(self):
                # Just for checking that Dynamo returned mod object can redirect
                # to this method
                pass

            def forward(self, x):
                return self.relu(x)

        cnts1 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        mod = MockModule()
        optimized_mod = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts1, nopython=True)(mod)

        a = torch.randn(10)
        ref = mod(a)
        res = optimized_mod(a)

        optimized_mod.custom_member()

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_nested_optimize_decorator(self):
        cnts2 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        cnts3 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.run()
        def fn1(x):
            return torch.sin(x) * 10

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts2, nopython=True)
        def fn2(x):
            return fn1(x) + 1

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts3, nopython=True)
        def fn3(x):
            return torch.relu(fn2(x))

        fn3(torch.randn(4, 5))
        self.assertEqual(cnts2.frame_count, 0)
        self.assertEqual(cnts3.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts3.op_count, 4)

    def test_nested_optimize_run(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)
        def fn(x):
            return torch.relu(torch.cos(x) + torch.sin(x))

        fn(torch.randn(4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        fn(torch.randn(4, 4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

        # Test that run works on a decorated fn
        fn = torch._dynamo.run(fn)
        fn(torch.randn(4, 4, 4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_nested_optimize(self):
        cnts1 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        cnts2 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x):
            return torch.relu(torch.cos(x) + torch.sin(x))

        fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts1, nopython=True)(fn)
        fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts2, nopython=True)(fn1)

        # The first optimize in the nesting should be ignored
        fn2(torch.randn(4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts2.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts1.frame_count, 0)

        # Since the fn code object is already compiled, calling fn1 should
        # directly call the compiled_fn callable.
        torch._dynamo.run()(fn1)(torch.randn(4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts1.frame_count, 0)

        # Test same behavior by reversing the calls
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts1 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        cnts2 = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts1, nopython=True)(fn)
        fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts2, nopython=True)(fn1)
        fn1(torch.randn(4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts1.frame_count, 1)
        torch._dynamo.run()(fn2)(torch.randn(4))
        self.assertEqual(cnts2.frame_count, 0)

    def test_torch_size(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x):
            output_size = torch.Size([10, 10])
            x = x.view(*output_size)
            return (x,)

        x = torch.randn(100, requires_grad=True)
        x_clone = x.clone()
        ref = fn(x)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x_clone)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_torch_size_numel(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn():
            return torch.Size([10, 8]).numel()

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        num = torch.Size([10, 8]).numel()
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(), num)

    def test_torch_size_numel_dynamic(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x):
            return x.size().numel()

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        x = torch.rand(10, 1, 8, 1)
        expect = fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x), expect)

    def test_shape_type(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x):
            return x + (type(x.shape) == torch.Size)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        x = torch.zeros(())
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x), fn(x))

    def test_size_dim(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x, dim):
            return x.size(dim=dim)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        x = torch.empty([4, 9, 8])
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x, 1), 9)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x, -2), 9)

    def test_stride_dim(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x, dim):
            return x.stride(dim=dim)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        x = torch.empty([4, 9, 8])
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x, 0), 72)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x, -2), 8)

    def test_torch_seed(self):
        from torch._dynamo.utils import counters

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            attention_seed = int(torch.seed() % sys.maxsize)
            torch.manual_seed(attention_seed)
            return (x,)

        x = torch.randn(10, requires_grad=True)
        ref = fn(x)

        # Python code is needed here, since torch.manual_seed graph-breaks.
        # Refs: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/107187
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=False)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        # Only the torch.seed call is turned into an FX graph.
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        # Graph breaks at manual_seed.
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 1)

    def test_is_tensor_like(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def f(x):
            if torch.overrides.is_tensor_like(x):
                return (x * 2,)
            return (torch.ones(10) + x,)

        x = torch.randn(10)
        ref0 = f(x)
        ref1 = f(4)
        opt_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(f)
        res0 = opt_f(x)
        res1 = opt_f(4)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref0, res0))
        self.assertTrue(same(ref1, res1))

    def test_is_tensor_like2(self):
        class MyTensor:
            @classmethod
            def __torch_function__(cls, func, types, args=(), kwargs=None):
                if kwargs is None:
                    kwargs = {}

                if func is torch.max:
                    return torch.tensor(123)
                return func(*args, **kwargs)

        def fn(x):
            if torch.overrides.is_tensor_like(x):
                return torch.max(x)
            else:
                return torch.zeros(1)

        x = MyTensor()
        ref0 = fn(x)
        ref1 = fn(4)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res0 = opt_fn(x)
        res1 = opt_fn(4)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref0, res0))
        self.assertTrue(same(ref1, res1))

    def test_tensor_data(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            return x[y.data]

        x = torch.rand(8)
        y = torch.ones(8).to(torch.int)
        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_tensor_layout(self):
        def fn(x):
            return torch.zeros(
                [x.size()[0], x.size()[1]],
                dtype=x.dtype,
                layout=x.layout,
                device=x.device,
            )

        x = torch.rand(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_version_ci(self):
        # temporary test to check that the ci torch version is set correctly
        self.assertTrue(hasattr(torch, "_subclasses"))

    @unittest.skipIf(not TEST_CUDA, "requires cuda")
    def test_rand(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        device = "cuda"

        def fn():
            return torch.randn(10, device=device)

        torch.manual_seed(10)
        ref_run1 = fn()

        torch.manual_seed(10)
        ref_run2 = fn()
        self.assertTrue(same(ref_run1, ref_run2))

        torch.manual_seed(10)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn()

        self.assertTrue(same(res, ref_run1))

    def test_slice_input(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def getitem(a, idx):
            if isinstance(idx, slice):
                return (
                    torch.zeros(1),
                    a[idx]
                    + [
                        100,
                    ],
                )
            else:
                return (torch.zeros(1), a[idx])

        layers = list(range(10))
        ref0 = getitem(layers, slice(0, 2, 1))
        ref1 = getitem(layers, 2)
        ref2 = getitem(layers, slice(3, 8, 2))
        opt_getitem = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(getitem)
        res0 = opt_getitem(layers, slice(0, 2, 1))
        res1 = opt_getitem(layers, 2)
        res2 = opt_getitem(layers, slice(3, 8, 2))

        self.assertTrue(ref0 == res0)
        self.assertTrue(ref1 == res1)
        self.assertTrue(ref2 == res2)

    def test_grad(self):
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(a, b):
            out = a * b
            out.sum().backward()
            real_out = torch.sigmoid(a.grad + b)
            return real_out

        inps = [torch.randn(4, requires_grad=True) for _ in range(2)]
        for inp in inps:
            inp.grad = None
        ref = fn(*inps)

        for inp in inps:
            inp.grad = None
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(*inps)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_source_non_input_grad_access(self):
        # This test creates a model, and accesses the grads
        # from its parameter. This means that within dynamo,
        # the tensor we are reading the grad from HAS a source,
        # but is not known to graphargs.
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        class TrivialModel(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super(TrivialModel, self).__init__()
                self.linear = torch.nn.Linear(2, 1)

            def forward(self, x):
                return self.linear(x)

        def fn(a, b):
            outs = []
            for param in model.parameters():
                outs.append(torch.ones(param.grad.size()))
            return outs, param.grad + 1

        model = TrivialModel()
        # Eager
        a = torch.ones([2, 2], requires_grad=True)
        b = torch.ones([2, 2])
        out = model(a)
        out_sum = out.sum()
        out_sum.backward()
        ref = fn(a, b)

        # Compiled
        model = TrivialModel()
        a = torch.ones([2, 2], requires_grad=True)
        b = torch.ones([2, 2])
        out = model(a)
        out_sum = out.sum()
        out_sum.backward()

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(a, b)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    def test_intermediary_tensor_grad_access(self):
        # This test creates a model, and accesses the grads
        # from its parameters and an entirely intermediary tensor.
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(a, b):
            intermediary = torch.ones(2, 2)
            c = a + intermediary
            outs = []
            outs.append(intermediary.grad)
            return outs

        # Eager
        a = torch.ones([2, 2], requires_grad=True)
        b = torch.ones([2, 2])
        ref = fn(a, b)

        # Compiled
        a = torch.ones([2, 2], requires_grad=True)
        b = torch.ones([2, 2])
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(a, b)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

    def test_clone_sparse_input(self):
        for layout in [
            torch.sparse_coo,
            torch.sparse_csr,
            torch.sparse_csc,
            torch.sparse_bsr,
            torch.sparse_bsc,
        ]:
            for sparse_input in self.generate_simple_inputs(
                layout,
                device="cpu",
                dtype=torch.float64,
                index_dtype=torch.int64,
            ):
                # Invoke the dynamo clone input method directly.
                sparse_copy = torch._dynamo.utils.clone_input(sparse_input)
                # Make sure sparse clone is successful.
                self.assertEqual(sparse_input, sparse_copy)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_linetable_311_writer1(self):
        def fn():
            a = 10
            b = 20
            c = a + b
            f = "linetable_writer"
            return f"Test if {f} generates correct co_linetable: {c}"

        keys = bytecode_transformation.get_code_keys()
        code_options = {k: getattr(fn.__code__, k) for k in keys}
        result = bytecode_transformation.clean_and_assemble_instructions(
            bytecode_transformation.cleaned_instructions(fn.__code__),
            keys,
            code_options,
        )
        l1, l2 = list(fn.__code__.co_positions()), list(result[1].co_positions())
        self.assertEqual(len(l1), len(l2))
        for p1, p2 in zip(l1, l2):
            self.assertEqual(p1, p2)
        # TODO co_lnotab is deprecated in 3.12 and will be removed in 3.14
        # In 3.11+,. it is computed lazily from other linetable attributes (e.g. co_linetable),
        # so we do not set this attribute ourselves.
        self.assertEqual(fn.__code__.co_lnotab, result[1].co_lnotab)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_linetable_311_writer2(self):
        """
        test large ops (LOAD_METHOD) and EXTENDED_ARGS
        fn_str is in the form:
        def fn():
            ...
            x0 = 1
            x1 = 1
            ...
            l = [x0, x1, ...]
        """
        fn_str = f"""\
def fn():
    foo.bar(1, 2, 3)
{str(chr(10)).join(' ' * 4 + 'x' + str(i) + ' = 1' for i in range(1 << 9))}
    l = [{' '.join('x' + str(i) + ',' for i in range(1 << 9))}]
        """
        locals = {}
        exec(fn_str, {}, locals)
        fn = locals["fn"]
        orig_inst_str = "\n".join(list(map(str, dis.get_instructions(fn))))
        self.assertIn("EXTENDED_ARG", orig_inst_str)
        load_method_str = "LOAD_ATTR" if sys.version_info >= (3, 12) else "LOAD_METHOD"
        self.assertIn(load_method_str, orig_inst_str)
        keys = bytecode_transformation.get_code_keys()
        code_options = {k: getattr(fn.__code__, k) for k in keys}
        result = bytecode_transformation.clean_and_assemble_instructions(
            bytecode_transformation.cleaned_instructions(fn.__code__),
            keys,
            code_options,
        )
        new_inst_str = "\n".join(list(map(str, result[0])))
        self.assertIn("EXTENDED_ARG", new_inst_str)
        self.assertIn(load_method_str, new_inst_str)
        l1, l2 = list(fn.__code__.co_positions()), list(result[1].co_positions())
        self.assertEqual(len(l1), len(l2))
        for p1, p2 in zip(l1, l2):
            self.assertEqual(p1, p2)
        self.assertEqual(fn.__code__.co_lnotab, result[1].co_lnotab)

    @unittest.skipIf(
        sys.version_info < (3, 10) or sys.version_info >= (3, 11),
        "linetable test for Python 3.10",
    )
    def test_linetable_310_writer(self):
        def fn():
            a = 10
            b = 20
            c = a + b
            f = "linetable_writer"
            return f"Test if {f} generates correct co_linetable: {c}"

        inst = dis.get_instructions(fn)
        result = bytecode_transformation.assemble(inst, fn.__code__.co_firstlineno)
        self.assertTrue(result[1] == fn.__code__.co_linetable)

    @unittest.skipIf(sys.version_info >= (3, 10), "use lnotab when python < 3.10")
    def test_lnotab_writer(self):
        def fn():
            a = 10
            b = 20
            c = a + b
            f = "lnotab_writer"
            return f"Test if {f} generates correct co_lnotab: {c}"

        inst = dis.get_instructions(fn)
        result = bytecode_transformation.assemble(inst, fn.__code__.co_firstlineno)
        self.assertTrue(result[1] == fn.__code__.co_lnotab)

    def test_tensor_is_contiguous(self):
        def fn(x):
            input = torch.randn((1, 16, 1, 1))
            weight = torch.randn((8, 16, 3, 3))
            weight = weight.to(memory_format=x)
            output = torch.conv2d(input, weight, None, (2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 1), 1)
            return output.is_contiguous(memory_format=x)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        for x in [torch.contiguous_format, torch.channels_last]:
            self.assertEqual(fn(x), opt_fn(x))

    def test_python_slice(self):
        def f1(input):
            y = 0
            for i, x in enumerate(input[2:], 1):
                y = y + x
            return y

        def f2(input):
            y = 0
            for i, x in enumerate(input.shape[2:], 1):
                y = y + x
            return y

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f1)
        opt_f2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f2)
        res1 = opt_f1([1, 2, 3, 5])
        res2 = opt_f2(torch.rand([2, 3, 4, 5]))

        self.assertEqual(res1, 8)
        self.assertEqual(res2, 9)

    def test_enum_as_dict_key(self):
        class MyEnum(enum.Enum):
            FOO = 10
            BAR = 20

        def fn(x):
            y = x + 2
            z = {
                MyEnum.FOO: torch.tensor(1),
                MyEnum.BAR: 10,
                "MyEnum.BAR": torch.tensor(8),
                5: torch.rand(3),
            }
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            a = z[MyEnum.FOO] + z["MyEnum.BAR"]
            b = y * 2
            return a, b

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = torch.rand(3)
            ref = fn(x)
            res = opt_fn(x)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_enum_as_dict_key_with_overloaded_str(self):
        class MyEnum(enum.Enum):
            FOO = 10
            BAR = 20

            def __str__(self):
                return self.value

        def fn(x):
            y = x + 2
            z = {
                MyEnum.FOO: torch.tensor(1),
                MyEnum.BAR: 10,
                "MyEnum.BAR": torch.tensor(8),
                5: torch.rand(3),
            }
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            a = z[MyEnum.FOO] + z["MyEnum.BAR"]
            b = y * 2
            return a, b

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        for _ in range(10):
            x = torch.rand(3)
            ref = fn(x)
            res = opt_fn(x)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_const_dict_variable_python_type(self):
        from torch._dynamo.variables import ConstantVariable, ConstDictVariable

        make_key = ConstantVariable.create

        d1 = {
            make_key("a"): ConstantVariable.create(10),
            make_key("b"): ConstantVariable.create(20),
        }
        d2 = collections.OrderedDict(
            [
                (make_key("x"), ConstantVariable.create(12)),
                (make_key("y"), ConstantVariable.create(22)),
            ]
        )
        self.assertEqual(ConstDictVariable(d1).python_type(), dict)
        self.assertEqual(
            ConstDictVariable(d2, collections.OrderedDict).python_type(),
            collections.OrderedDict,
        )

    def test_builtin_subclasses_as_method_on_class_type(self):
        class Foo:
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.ame_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Foo " + self.name_

        class Bar(Foo):
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Bar " + self.name_

        class Baz(Foo):
            def __init__(self, name):  # noqa: B903
                self.name_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Baz " + self.name_

        subs_of_foo_reg = Foo.__subclasses__()

        counter = CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(counter)
        def fn():
            return Foo.__subclasses__()

        subs_of_foo_optim = fn()

        self.assertEqual(len(subs_of_foo_reg), 2)
        self.assertEqual(subs_of_foo_reg, subs_of_foo_optim)

    def test_builtin_subclasses_as_method_on_var(self):
        class Foo:
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Foo " + self.name_

        class Bar(Foo):
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Bar " + self.name_

        class Baz(Bar):
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name_ = name

            def get_name(self):
                return "Baz " + self.name_

        subs_of_foo_reg = Foo.__subclasses__()
        sub_of_foo_subclass_var_reg = subs_of_foo_reg[0].__subclasses__()

        sub_of_foo_subclass_var_optim = list()
        counter = CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(counter)
        def fn():
            return Foo.__subclasses__()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize_assert(counter)
        def fn_single(subs_of_foo_optim):
            return subs_of_foo_optim[0].__subclasses__()

        subs_of_foo_optim = fn()
        sub_of_foo_subclass_var_optim = fn_single(subs_of_foo_optim)

        self.assertEqual(len(sub_of_foo_subclass_var_optim), 1)
        self.assertEqual(sub_of_foo_subclass_var_optim, sub_of_foo_subclass_var_reg)

    def test_builtin_str_on_user_defined_function(self):
        def another_fn():
            pass

        def fn():
            return "another_fn" in str(another_fn)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(nopython=True)(fn)
        self.assertTrue(opt_fn())

    def test_enum_no_graphbreaks(self):
        class Foo(enum.Enum):
            FOO = 0
            BAR = 1

        def fn(x, foo):
            if foo is Foo.FOO:
                x = torch.add(x, 1.0)
            x = torch.mul(x, 1.0)
            return x

        x = torch.randn(1)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        opt_fn(x, Foo.FOO)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        opt_fn(x, Foo.BAR)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)

    def test_repeat_interleave_graphbreaks(self):
        def fn_no_breaks(x):
            # no breaks on self_int
            x += 1
            x = torch.repeat_interleave(x, 2, 3)
            x += 1
            return x

        def fn_has_breaks(x):
            # breaks on self_Tensor
            x += 1
            x = torch.repeat_interleave(x, torch.tensor(2), 3)
            x += 1
            return x

        x = torch.randn([4, 16, 1, 64])

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn_no_breaks)
        opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn_has_breaks)
        opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_id_of_nn_module(self):
        class M(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, x, ref_id):
                self_id = id(self)
                if self_id == ref_id:
                    x = torch.mul(x, 1.0)
                x = torch.add(x, 1.0)
                return x

        m = M().eval()
        data = torch.randn(1)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        correct_ref_id = id(m)
        opt_m = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(m)
        opt_m(data, correct_ref_id)
        # Extra op is the recorded equality test (although once
        # the trace is flattened this is dead!)
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """2""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """3""")

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        incorrect_ref_id = id(m) + 1
        opt_m = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(m)
        opt_m(data, incorrect_ref_id)
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """1""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnts.op_count, """2""")

    def test_inline_func_jump_on_tensor_condition(self):
        def f1(input):
            if input == 0:
                return input + 1
            else:
                return input + 2

        def f2(input):
            return f1(input)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f2)
        res1 = opt_f2(torch.tensor([1.0]))
        res2 = opt_f2(torch.tensor([0.0]))

        self.assertEqual(res1, 3)
        self.assertEqual(res2, 1)

    def test_frozenset_torch_func_contains(self):
        funcs = frozenset([torch.add])

        def fn(x, func):
            if func in funcs:
                x = torch.add(x, 1.0)
            x = torch.mul(x, 1.0)
            return x

        x = torch.randn(1)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        opt_fn(x, torch.add)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 2)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        opt_fn(x, torch.mul)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 1)

    def test_inline_list_mutation(self):
        def f1(x):
            x.append(torch.ones(8))
            return x

        def f2():
            x = [torch.ones(6)]
            f1(x)
            return x

        res1 = f2()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f2)
        res2 = opt_f2()
        self.assertTrue(same(res1, res2))

    def test_inline_dict_mutation(self):
        def f1(d):
            d["c"] = d["a"] + d.pop("b")
            return d

        def f2():
            d = {"a": torch.ones(5), "b": torch.ones(5)}
            f1(d)
            return d

        res1 = f2()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f2)
        res2 = opt_f2()
        self.assertTrue(same(res1, res2))

    def test_inline_local_dict_clear(self):
        def f(d):
            d.clear()
            return d

        inp = {"a": torch.randn(2, 2), "b": torch.randn(2, 2)}
        out = torch.compile(f, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(inp)
        self.assertEqual(len(out), 0)
        self.assertEqual(len(inp), 0)

    def test_inline_module_attr_dict_clear(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.a = {"a": torch.randn(2, 2), "b": torch.randn(2, 2)}

            def forward(self):
                self.a.clear()
                return self.a

        m = MyMod()
        out = torch.compile(m, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)()
        self.assertEqual(len(out), 0)
        self.assertEqual(len(m.a), 0)

    def test_inline_user_defined_dict_attr_clear(self):
        class MyMod:
            def __init__(self):
                self.a = {"a": torch.randn(2, 2), "b": torch.randn(2, 2)}

        def f(obj, inp):
            ret = len(obj.a) + inp
            obj.a.clear()
            return obj.a, ret

        m = MyMod()
        before_len = len(m.a)
        t_inp = torch.ones(1)
        d, ret = torch.compile(f, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(m, t_inp)
        self.assertEqual(len(m.a), 0)
        self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
        self.assertEqual(ret, t_inp + before_len)

    def test_recursive_inline_list_mutation(self):
        def f1(x, y):
            x.append(torch.tensor([1.1]))
            y.append(torch.tensor([1.2]))
            return x, y

        def f2(x, y):
            x.append(torch.tensor([2.1]))
            y.append(torch.tensor([2.2]))
            f1(x, y)
            return x, y

        def f3(x):
            x.append(torch.tensor([3.1]))
            y = [torch.tensor([3.2])]
            f2(x, y)
            return x, y

        def f4():
            x = [torch.tensor([4.1])]
            return f3(x)

        res1 = f4()
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f4 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f4)
        res2 = opt_f4()
        self.assertTrue(same(res1, res2))

    def test_sample_input(self):
        from torch.testing._internal.common_methods_invocations import SampleInput

        def fn(sample):
            if isinstance(sample.input, torch.Tensor):
                return sample.input * 2
            return torch.zeros(())

        sample = SampleInput(torch.ones(2))
        ref = fn(sample)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(sample)

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_release_input_memory(self):
        x = torch.rand([4])
        x_ref = weakref.ref(x)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)
        def foo(x):
            return x + x

        out = foo(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(out, x + x))
        del x
        self.assertIs(x_ref(), None)

    def test_release_module_memory(self):
        mod = torch.nn.Linear(10, 10)
        x = torch.rand([10, 10])
        mod_weight_ref = weakref.ref(mod.weight)
        mod_ref = weakref.ref(mod)

        # Modules that are passed into torch._dynamo optimized functions
        # will normally be held onto through the generated GraphModule,
        # which contains the modules. remove the reference in this backend
        # and test that no additional references are being held.
        class NoLeakBackend:
            def __call__(self, gm: torch.fx.GraphModule, example_inputs):
                gm.mod = None

                def foo(*args, **kwargs):
                    return (1,)

                return foo

        no_leak_backend = NoLeakBackend()

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(no_leak_backend)
        def foo(mod, x):
            return mod(x)

        foo(mod, x)
        del mod
        del x
        self.assertIsNone(mod_ref(), None)
        self.assertIsNone(mod_weight_ref(), None)

    def test_release_scope_memory(self):
        def inner(y):
            y

        inner = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(inner)

        p_ref = None

        x = torch.randn((10, 10))
        inner(x)

        p_ref = weakref.ref(x)
        self.assertTrue(p_ref() is not None)
        del x
        self.assertTrue(p_ref() is None)

    def test_update_locals_and_stack_uses_shared_cache(self):
        def fn(x):
            perm = [0, 3, 5]
            perm = list(range(min(perm))) + perm
            perm.extend(i for i in range(x.dim()) if i not in perm)
            return perm

        x = torch.rand([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2])
        res1 = fn(x)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        res2 = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(res1, res2))

    def test_dict_reconstruct_keeps_original_order(self):
        def fn():
            modules = collections.OrderedDict([("act", torch.nn.ReLU())])
            module_dict = torch.nn.ModuleDict(modules)

            next_modules = {"fc4": torch.nn.Linear(5, 6), "act3": torch.nn.Sigmoid()}
            modules.update(next_modules.items())
            module_dict.update(next_modules)
            return modules, module_dict

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        modules, module_dict = opt_fn()

        self.assertEqual(len(module_dict), len(modules))
        for k1, m2 in zip(modules, module_dict.children()):
            self.assertTrue(modules[k1] is m2)

    def test_side_effects_codegen_update_mutated(self):
        # codegen to update mutated variables with side effect
        # should after stack value's codegen
        def f1(x):
            alist = [x]
            alist.append(x + 1)
            alist[0].sum().item()  # graph break
            res = alist.pop()
            res.sum().item()  # graph break
            return res

        def f2(a, b):
            d = {"a": a + 1, "b": b + 2}
            x = d.pop("b")
            x.sum().item()  # graph break
            y = d["a"] + x
            y.sum().item()  # graph break
            d["c"] = y
            return d

        x = torch.rand([2, 3])
        a = torch.rand([5, 6])
        b = torch.rand([5, 6])
        res11 = f1(x)
        res21 = f2(a, b)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f1 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f1)
        opt_f2 = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f2)
        res12 = opt_f1(x)
        res22 = opt_f2(a, b)
        self.assertTrue(same(res11, res12))
        self.assertTrue(same(res21, res22))

    def test_list_append_return_none(self):
        def fn(x):
            alist = []
            blist = alist.append(x + 1)
            return alist, blist

        x = torch.tensor([2.3])
        res = fn(x)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        res2 = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(res, res2)

    def test_tensor_types(self):
        def fn(dtype, tensor_type):
            x = torch.empty(4, dtype=dtype)
            assert isinstance(x, tensor_type)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        opt_fn(torch.float32, torch.FloatTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.float64, torch.DoubleTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.float16, torch.HalfTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.bfloat16, torch.BFloat16Tensor)
        opt_fn(torch.uint8, torch.ByteTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.int8, torch.CharTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.int64, torch.LongTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.int, torch.IntTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.int16, torch.ShortTensor)
        opt_fn(torch.bool, torch.BoolTensor)

    def test_nan(self):
        def f(x, n):
            return x * 2 + n

        x = torch.randn(4)
        n = float("nan")

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_f = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(f)
        opt_f(x, n)
        opt_f(x, n)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "capture_scalar_outputs", True)
    def test_item(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, x):
                z = torch.max(x)
                return z.int().item()

        x = torch.tensor([[10.6763, 11.7445, -2.2369]])
        model = MyMod()
        y = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model)(x)

        self.assertEqual(y, 11)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "capture_scalar_outputs", True)
    def test_item_changes(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, x):
                z = torch.max(x)
                return z.int().item()

        x = torch.tensor([[10.6763, 11.7445, -2.2369]])
        model = MyMod()
        opt_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model)
        y = opt_model(x)
        z = opt_model(torch.tensor([[y - 5, y + 10, y + 50]]))

        self.assertEqual(y, 11)
        self.assertEqual(z, 61)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "capture_scalar_outputs", True)
    def test_item_changes_new_shape(self):
        class MyMod(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, x):
                z = torch.max(x)
                return z.int().item()

        x = torch.tensor([[10.6763, 11.7445, -2.2369]])
        model = MyMod()
        opt_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model)
        y = opt_model(x)
        z = opt_model(torch.tensor([[y - 5, y + 50], [y + 5, y - 50]]))

        self.assertEqual(y, 11)
        self.assertEqual(z, 61)

    @unittest.skip("https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/99726")
    def test_cross_entropy_loss_fancy_ctor1(self):
        rand_5 = torch.randn(5)
        rand_3_5 = torch.randn(3, 5)
        target = torch.empty(3, dtype=torch.long).random_(5)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss(
            weight=rand_5, reduce=False, label_smoothing=0.5
        )
        opt_loss = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(loss)
        input = rand_3_5
        dynamo_output = opt_loss(input, target)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss(
            weight=rand_5, reduce=False, label_smoothing=0.5
        )
        input = rand_3_5
        output = loss(input, target)

        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(dynamo_output, output))

    def test_cross_entropy_loss_fancy_ctor2(self):
        rand_3_5 = torch.randn(3, 5)
        target = torch.empty(3, dtype=torch.long).random_(5)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss(reduce=False, label_smoothing=0.5)
        opt_loss = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(loss)
        input = rand_3_5
        dynamo_output = opt_loss(input, target)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss(reduce=False, label_smoothing=0.5)
        input = rand_3_5
        output = loss(input, target)

        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(dynamo_output, output))

    def test_cross_entropy_loss_simple_ctor(self):
        output = None
        rand_3_5 = torch.randn(3, 5)
        target = torch.empty(3, dtype=torch.long).random_(5)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
        opt_loss = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(loss)
        input = rand_3_5
        dynamo_output = opt_loss(input, target)

        loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
        input = rand_3_5
        output = loss(input, target)

        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(dynamo_output, output))

    def test_nn_functional_reduction(self):
        def fn(loss, reduction):
            reduction_enum = F._Reduction.get_enum(reduction)
            if reduction_enum == 0:
                return loss
            elif reduction_enum == 1:
                return loss.mean()
            elif reduction_enum == 2:
                return loss.sum()

        x = torch.rand([3, 5])
        y = "mean"
        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(ref, res))

    def test_large_reduction_list(self):
        dtype = torch.float32
        device = "cpu"

        def check_sum_all(tensor: torch.Tensor) -> None:
            pylist = tensor.reshape(-1).tolist()
            self.assertTrue(same(tensor.sum(), torch.tensor(sum(pylist))))

        check_sum_all(torch.randn(200000, dtype=dtype, device=device))

    def test_raise_on_backend_error(self):
        def my_compiler(gm, _):
            raise RuntimeError("duck!")

        @torch._dynamo.optimize(my_compiler)
        def fn(a, b):
            return a + b / (a - b)

        self.assertRaises(
            torch._dynamo.exc.BackendCompilerFailed,
            lambda: fn(torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10)),
        )

    def test_named_parameters(self):
        n_embd = 768
        block_size = 128
        vocab_size = 65
        embd_pdrop = 0.1

        class MyModel2(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.tok_emb = torch.nn.Embedding(vocab_size, n_embd)
                self.pos_emb = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, block_size, n_embd))
                self.drop = torch.nn.Dropout(embd_pdrop)

            def forward(self, x):
                return x

        class MyModel(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.tok_emb = torch.nn.Embedding(vocab_size, n_embd)
                self.pos_emb = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, block_size, n_embd))
                self.drop = torch.nn.Dropout(embd_pdrop)
                self.submod2 = MyModel2()

            def forward(self, x):
                return x

        # Regular
        params = []
        mod = MyModel()
        actual_params = list(mod.named_parameters())

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def fn():
            return list(mod.named_parameters())

        params = fn()

        self.assertEqual(len(actual_params), len(params))
        for idx in range(len(params)):
            k_a, v_a = actual_params[idx]
            k, v = params[idx]
            self.assertEqual(k_a, k)
            self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(v_a, v))

        # Prefix
        params = []
        mod = MyModel()
        actual_params = list(mod.named_parameters(prefix="foo"))

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def fn1():
            return list(mod.named_parameters(prefix="foo"))

        params = fn1()

        self.assertEqual(len(actual_params), len(params))
        for idx in range(len(params)):
            k_a, v_a = actual_params[idx]
            k, v = params[idx]
            self.assertEqual(k_a, k)
            self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(v_a, v))

    def test_module_complex_iter(self):
        n_embd = 768
        block_size = 128
        vocab_size = 65
        embd_pdrop = 0.1

        class FakeGPT(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.tok_emb = torch.nn.Embedding(vocab_size, n_embd)
                self.pos_emb = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, block_size, n_embd))
                self.drop = torch.nn.Dropout(embd_pdrop)
                self.ln_f = torch.nn.LayerNorm(n_embd)
                self.head = torch.nn.Linear(n_embd, vocab_size, bias=False)

                self.block_size = block_size
                self.names = []

            def forward(self, idx, targets=None):
                b, t = idx.size()
                assert (
                    t <= self.block_size
                ), "Cannot forward, model block size is exhausted."

                # forward the GPT model
                token_embeddings = self.tok_emb(
                    idx
                )  # each index maps to a (learnable) vector
                position_embeddings = self.pos_emb[
                    :, :t, :
                ]  # each position maps to a (learnable) vector
                x = self.drop(token_embeddings + position_embeddings)
                x = self.blocks(x)
                x = self.ln_f(x)
                logits = self.head(x)

                # if we are given some desired targets also calculate the loss
                loss = None
                if targets is not None:
                    loss = F.cross_entropy(
                        logits.view(-1, logits.size(-1)), targets.view(-1)
                    )

                return logits, loss

            def foo(self, memo=None, prefix="", remove_duplicate=False):
                for mn, m in self.named_modules(
                    memo=memo, prefix=prefix, remove_duplicate=remove_duplicate
                ):
                    for pn, p in self.named_parameters():
                        fpn = f"{mn}.{pn}" if mn else pn
                        self.names.append(fpn)

        # Test plain recurse
        model_a = FakeGPT()
        model_a.foo()
        a_names = model_a.names

        model_b = FakeGPT()
        opt_model_b = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model_b)
        opt_model_b.foo()

        self.assertEqual(a_names, model_b.names)

        # Test with prefix
        model_a = FakeGPT()
        model_a.foo(prefix="abc")
        a_names = model_a.names

        model_b = FakeGPT()
        opt_model_b = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model_b)
        opt_model_b.foo(prefix="abc")

        self.assertEqual(a_names, model_b.names)

    def test_numpy_variable_isinstance(self):
        def fn(x, m):
            if isinstance(m, np.ndarray):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.tensor([2.3])
        m = np.array([1, 2, 3])
        ref = fn(x, m)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, m)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

        # Test now the other path
        ref = fn(x, x)
        res = opt_fn(x, x)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

    def test_tensor_dot_grad_no_graph_break(self):
        def fn(a, b):
            y = 3 * a**3 - b**2
            y.backward(gradient=torch.tensor([1.0, 1.0]))
            b.grad.zero_()
            return a.grad, b.grad

        a = torch.tensor([2.0, 3.0], requires_grad=True)
        b = torch.tensor([6.0, 4.0], requires_grad=True)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts)(fn)
        _, b_grad = opt_fn(a, b)
        self.assertTrue(same(b_grad, torch.tensor([0.0, 0.0])))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)

    def test_torch_nn_parameter_isinstance(self):
        def fn(x):
            a = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.rand(2, 3))
            if isinstance(a, torch.Tensor):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.tensor([2.5])
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

    def _optimize_then_check_exp(
        self, foo, args, cnt, exp_out, exp_frame_count, exp_n_cached_backend
    ):
        opt_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend=cnt)(foo)(*args)
        self.assertEqual(exp_out, opt_out)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, exp_frame_count)

    def test_backend_match_guard(self):
        x = torch.randn([3, 4])

        def foo(x):
            return x.sin() + x.cos()

        def foo_graph_break(x):
            a = x.sin()
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            b = x.cos()
            return a + b

        eager_record_backend = torch._dynamo.testing.EagerAndRecordGraphs()
        backends = [eager_record_backend, "eager"]

        # We intentionally don't reset dynamo for each backend so that we can test
        # 1. dynamo doesn't recompile when backend stays the same, i.e. frame_count doesn't increase
        # 2. dynamo recompiles when backend changes, i.e. frame_count is non-zero for next backend
        def test_recompile(foo, *, exp_frame_count):
            eager_result = foo(x)
            for i, backend in enumerate(backends):
                cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounterWithBackend(backend)
                # Run opt_f multiple times to make sure dynamo doesn't recompile.
                # Specifically, frame_count doesn't increase
                # the number of cached backends is i + 2 because we have the optimizing backend + None
                self._optimize_then_check_exp(
                    foo, (x,), cnt, eager_result, exp_frame_count, i + 2
                )
                self._optimize_then_check_exp(
                    foo, (x,), cnt, eager_result, exp_frame_count, i + 2
                )
                self._optimize_then_check_exp(
                    foo, (x,), cnt, eager_result, exp_frame_count, i + 2
                )

        test_recompile(foo, exp_frame_count=1)
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        test_recompile(foo_graph_break, exp_frame_count=2)

    def test_backend_match_guard_multi_threads(self):
        x = torch.randn([3, 4])

        def foo(x):
            return x.sin() + x.cos()

        def compile_then_check_exp(foo, args, cnt, eager_result, exp_frame_count):
            for i in range(3):
                opt_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend=cnt)(foo)(*args)
                self.assertEqual(opt_out, eager_result)
            self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, exp_frame_count)
            thread_success[threading.current_thread()] = True

        eager_record_backend = torch._dynamo.testing.EagerAndRecordGraphs()
        backends = [eager_record_backend, "eager"]

        # Test dynamo recompiles but only caches a single backend for each thread
        eager_result = foo(x)
        # cnt and None
        exp_frame_count = 1
        threads = []
        thread_success = {}
        for i, backend in enumerate(backends):
            cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounterWithBackend(backend)
            thread = threading.Thread(
                target=compile_then_check_exp,
                args=(
                    foo,
                    (x,),
                    cnt,
                    eager_result,
                    exp_frame_count,
                ),
            )
            threads.append(thread)
            thread.start()

        # Wait for all threads to finish
        for thread in threads:
            thread.join()

        self.assertEqual(len(thread_success), len(threads))

    def test_dynamo_min_operator_with_shape(self):
        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def f(x, a):
            return min(x.shape[0], a)

        result = f(torch.ones(6), 3)
        self.assertEqual(result, 3)

    def test_onnx_shape_as_tensor(self):
        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def f(x):
            return 1 + torch._shape_as_tensor(x)[0]

        gm, _ = torch._dynamo.export(f)(torch.ones(6))

        input_one_dim = torch.ones(6)
        input_two_dims = torch.ones(7, 4)
        self.assertEqual(f(input_one_dim), 7)
        self.assertEqual(f(input_two_dims), 8)
        self.assertEqual(f(input_two_dims), 8)

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def f_onnx(x):
            return 1 + torch.onnx.operators.shape_as_tensor(x)[0]

        self.assertEqual(f_onnx(input_one_dim), 7)
        self.assertEqual(f_onnx(input_two_dims), 8)
        self.assertEqual(f_onnx(input_two_dims), 8)

    def test_cond(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        def true_fn(x):
            return x.sin()

        def false_fn(x):
            return x.cos()

        def f(pred, x):
            return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [x])

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        a = opt_fn(torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.cos(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), a))
        b = opt_fn(torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), b))

    def test_nonzero_static(self):
        # invalid size
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "nonzero_static: 'size' must be an non-negative integer"
        ):
            torch.nonzero_static(torch.tensor([8]), size=-2)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "nonzero_static: 'size' must be an non-negative integer"
        ):
            torch.nonzero_static(torch.tensor([8]), size=-2, out=torch.tensor(0))

        # nonzero_static.out: out dtype mismatch
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([8])
        static_size = 1
        out_tensor = torch.empty((static_size, input_tensor.dim()), dtype=torch.float)
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "nonzero_static: Expected out tensor to have scalar type Long"
        ):
            torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size, out=out_tensor)

        # nonzero_static.out: out resize (shrink)
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([8])
        static_size = 1
        out_tensor = torch.empty((10, 10, 10, 10), dtype=torch.long)
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size, out=out_tensor),
                torch.tensor([0]),
            )
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                out_tensor,
                torch.tensor([0]),
            )
        )

        # nonzero_static.out: out resize (enlarge)
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([8])
        static_size = 1
        out_tensor = torch.empty((0), dtype=torch.long)
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size, out=out_tensor),
                torch.tensor([0]),
            )
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                out_tensor,
                torch.tensor([0]),
            )
        )

        # 0 rank
        input_tensor = torch.tensor(6)
        static_size = 2
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size),
                torch.empty((static_size, input_tensor.dim()), dtype=torch.long),
            )
        )

        # 0 size
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([[[1]]])
        static_size = 0
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size),
                torch.empty((static_size, input_tensor.dim()), dtype=torch.long),
            )
        )

        # 1D input
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([0, 8])
        static_size = 1
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size),
                torch.tensor([1]),
            )
        )

        input_tensor = torch.tensor([8, 0])
        static_size = 2
        self.assertTrue(
            same(
                torch.nonzero_static(input_tensor, size=static_size),
                torch.tensor([[0], [-1]]),  # padded with default fill_value "-1"
            )
        )

        # 2D input
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([[1.2, 0], [3.4, 5.6]])
        static_size = 5
        fill_value = -100
        self.assertTrue(
            torch._dynamo.utils.same(
                torch.nonzero_static(
                    input_tensor, size=static_size, fill_value=fill_value
                ),
                torch.tensor(
                    [
                        [0, 0],
                        [1, 0],
                        [1, 1],
                        [fill_value, fill_value],
                        [fill_value, fill_value],
                    ]
                ),
            )
        )
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([[1.2, 0], [3.4, 5.6]])
        static_size = 2
        fill_value = -100
        self.assertTrue(
            torch._dynamo.utils.same(
                torch.nonzero_static(
                    input_tensor, size=static_size, fill_value=fill_value
                ),
                torch.tensor([[0, 0], [1, 0]]),
            )
        )

        # 3D input
        input_tensor = torch.tensor([[[0, 0], [0, -3]], [[0, 0], [5, 0]]])
        static_size = 4
        fill_value = -999
        self.assertTrue(
            torch._dynamo.utils.same(
                torch.nonzero_static(
                    input_tensor,
                    size=static_size,
                    fill_value=fill_value,
                ),
                torch.tensor(
                    [
                        [0, 1, 1],
                        [1, 1, 0],
                        [fill_value, fill_value, fill_value],
                        [fill_value, fill_value, fill_value],
                    ]
                ),
            )
        )

    def test_cond_with_quantization(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                example_inputs = (torch.randn(5, 5),)
                self.model = torch.nn.Linear(5, 5)
                self.quantized_model = prepare_qat_fx(
                    self.model, qconfig_dict, example_inputs=example_inputs
                )

            def forward(self, pred, x):
                def true_fn(x):
                    return x.sin() + self.quantized_model(x)

                def false_fn(x):
                    return x.cos() + self.model(x)

                return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [x])

        module = MyModule()
        opt_m = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(module)
        x = torch.rand((5, 5))
        pred = torch.tensor(True)
        self.assertTrue(same(module(pred, x), opt_m(pred, x)))
        pred = torch.tensor(False)
        self.assertTrue(same(module(pred, x), opt_m(pred, x)))

    def test_map_with_quantization(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import map

        class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                example_inputs = (torch.randn(5, 5),)
                self.model = torch.nn.Linear(5, 5)
                self.quantized_model = prepare_qat_fx(
                    self.model, qconfig_dict, example_inputs=example_inputs
                )

            def forward(self, x):
                def body(x):
                    return x.sin() + self.quantized_model(x)

                return map(body, x)

        module = MyModule()
        opt_m = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(module)
        x = torch.rand((5, 5))
        self.assertTrue(same(module(x), opt_m(x)))

    def test_cond_side_effects(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        c = 0

        def true_fn(x):
            return x - c

        def false_fn(x):
            return x + c

        def f(pred, x):
            nonlocal c
            c = 1
            return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [x])

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        c = 0
        a = opt_fn(torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.tensor([1.25, 1.25]), a))

    def test_map_side_effects(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import map

        class Module(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.w = torch.tensor(1)

            def forward(self, xs):
                def body(x):
                    self.w += 1
                    return x

                return map(body, xs)

        mod = Module()
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            Unsupported, "Can't inplace modify module params/buffers"
        ):
            opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(mod)
            opt_fn(torch.randn(3, 2))

    def test_cond_nested(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        def true_fn_nested(x):
            return x * 10

        def false_fn_nested(x):
            return x * -1

        def true_fn(pred2, x):
            return x.sin()

        def false_fn(pred2, x):
            return x + cond(pred2, true_fn_nested, false_fn_nested, [x])

        def f(pred, pred2, x):
            return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [pred2, x])

        cc = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cc)(f)
        true_true_sin = opt_fn(
            torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), true_true_sin))

        true_false_sin = opt_fn(
            torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), true_false_sin))

        false_true_sum_mult = opt_fn(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(torch.tensor([2.75, 2.75]), false_true_sum_mult)
        )  # * 10 then add x

        false_false_sum_neg = opt_fn(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(torch.tensor([0.0, 0.0]), false_false_sum_neg)
        )  # * -1 then add x
        self.assertTrue(cc.frame_count, 2)

    def test_cond_export(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        def true_fn_nested(x):
            return x * 10

        def false_fn_nested(x):
            return x * -1

        def true_fn(pred2, x):
            return x.sin()

        def false_fn(pred2, x):
            return x + cond(pred2, true_fn_nested, false_fn_nested, [x])

        def f(pred, pred2, x):
            return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [pred2, x])

        graph, guard = torch._dynamo.export(f)(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        true_true_sin = graph(
            torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), true_true_sin))

        true_false_sin = graph(
            torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])), true_false_sin))

        false_true_sum_mult = graph(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(torch.tensor([2.75, 2.75]), false_true_sum_mult)
        )  # * 10 then add x

        false_false_sum_neg = graph(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            same(torch.tensor([0.0, 0.0]), false_false_sum_neg)
        )  # * -1 then add x

    def test_cond_export_single_arg(self):
        from functorch.experimental.control_flow import cond

        def true_fn(x):
            return x

        def false_fn(x):
            return x.sin()

        def f(pred, x):
            return cond(pred, true_fn, false_fn, [x])

        graph, guard = torch._dynamo.export(f)(
            torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25])
        )
        true_mirror = graph(torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25]), true_mirror))
        true_mirror_2 = graph(torch.tensor(True), torch.tensor([0.33, 0.33, 0.33]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.tensor([0.33, 0.33, 0.33]), true_mirror_2))

        false_sin = graph(torch.tensor(False), torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5]))
        self.assertTrue(same(torch.sin(torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])), false_sin))

    def test_enum_guards(self):
        class MyEnum(enum.Enum):
            FOO = 10
            BAR = 20

        def fn(x, y):
            if y == MyEnum.FOO:
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(3)
        y = MyEnum.BAR
        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_duplicate_graph_break_log(self):
        torch._logging.set_logs(graph_breaks=True)

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")
        def f1(a, b):
            f2(a, b)

        def f2(a, b):
            c = a + b
            print("break")
            return a + b + c

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")
        def g1(a, b):
            g2(a, b)

        def g2(a, b):
            c = a + b
            print("break")
            return a + b + c

        def count_graph_break_msgs(msgs):
            return sum(msg.find("Graph break") != -1 for msg in msgs)

        with self.assertLogs(
            logger="torch._dynamo", level=logging.DEBUG
        ) as log, torch._dynamo.config.patch(verbose=True):
            f1(torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10))
            self.assertGreater(count_graph_break_msgs(log.output), 1)

        with self.assertLogs(
            logger="torch._dynamo", level=logging.DEBUG
        ) as log, torch._dynamo.config.patch(verbose=False):
            g1(torch.randn(10), torch.randn(10))
            self.assertEqual(count_graph_break_msgs(log.output), 1)

        # reset logging state
        torch._logging.set_logs()

    def test_inplace_param_update(self):
        def fn(param, y):
            prev_grad = torch.is_grad_enabled()
            try:
                torch.set_grad_enabled(False)
                torch.set_grad_enabled(True)
                torch.set_grad_enabled(False)
                param.add_(y)
            finally:
                torch.set_grad_enabled(prev_grad)

        y = torch.randn(4)
        x = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(4))
        fn(x, y)

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnts.op_count, 3)

    @unittest.skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_FLASH_ATTENTION,
        "Can't run fused SDPA on this platform",
    )
    def test_parsing_sdpa(self):
        class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, query, key, value):
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(query, key, value, None, 0, True)
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
                    query, key, value, None, 0, True, scale=8
                )
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
                    query=query,
                    key=key,
                    value=value,
                    attn_mask=None,
                    dropout_p=0,
                    is_causal=True,
                )
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
                    query,
                    key=key,
                    value=value,
                    attn_mask=None,
                    dropout_p=0,
                    is_causal=True,
                )
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
                    query, key, value, None, dropout_p=0, is_causal=True
                )
                out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(query, key, value, None, scale=8)
                return out

        device = "cuda"
        dtype = torch.float16
        seq_len_q = 1
        seq_len_k = 1
        head_dim = 8
        query = torch.ones(
            1, 8, seq_len_q, head_dim, device=device, dtype=dtype, requires_grad=True
        )
        key = torch.ones(
            1, 8, seq_len_k, head_dim, device=device, dtype=dtype, requires_grad=True
        )
        value = torch.ones(
            1, 8, seq_len_k, head_dim, device=device, dtype=dtype, requires_grad=True
        )
        module = MyModule()
        opt_mod = torch._dynamo.optimize("inductor")(module)
        opt_mod(query, key, value)

    def test_generate_tensor_from_list_of_numpy_primitive_type(self):
        # Test sth like torch.LongTensor(list(np.int64, np.int64, ...))
        def fn():
            x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], dtype=np.int64)
            y = [x[0], x[2], x[4]]
            return torch.LongTensor(y)

        ref = fn()
        res = torch.compile(fullgraph=True)(fn)()
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

    def test_object_classmethod(self):
        class C:
            @classmethod
            def fn(cls, x):
                return x + x

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def f():
            return C().fn(torch.ones(2, 3))

        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(f(), torch.tensor([2.0])))

    def test_object_staticmethod(self):
        class C:
            @staticmethod
            def fn(x):
                return x + x

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)
        def f():
            return C().fn(torch.ones(2, 3))

        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(f(), torch.tensor([2.0])))

    def test_user_function_variable_supports_enum_argument(self):
        class Foo(enum.Enum):
            FOO = 0
            BAR = 1

        def gn(x, y=Foo.FOO):
            if y is Foo.FOO:
                return x
            else:
                return x + 1

        def fn(x):
            return gn(x)

        x = torch.randn(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(ref, res))

    def test_user_function_variable_supports_type_abcmeta_argument(self):
        class Foo(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
            @abc.abstractclassmethod
            def read(self):  # noqa: B027
                pass

        class Bar(Foo):
            def read(self):
                return "Hello World!"

        class Baz:
            pass

        def gn(x, tys=(Bar, Baz)):
            if Bar in tys:
                return x - 1
            else:
                return x + 1

        def fn(x):
            return gn(x)

        x = torch.randn(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(ref, res))

    def test_user_function_variable_supports_function_argument(self):
        # Test user defined function default arguments can be:
        # 1, user defined functions (e.g, add1)
        # 2, torch functions (e.g, torch.sin)
        # 3, python builtin functions (e.g, operator.neg)
        def add1(x):
            return x + 1

        def gn(x, f1=add1, f2=torch.sin, f3=operator.neg):
            return f3(f2(f1(x)))

        def fn(x):
            return gn(x)

        x = torch.randn(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(ref, res))

    def test_typing_variable_isinstance(self):
        def fn(x, m):
            if isinstance(m, typing.Mapping):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.randn(2, 3)
        m = {"x": torch.randn(3)}
        ref = fn(x, m)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, m)
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(ref, res))

    def test_repro_graph_breaks_in__get_item_by_idx(self):
        class Mod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.mod = torch.nn.Sequential(
                    torch.nn.Linear(3, 3), torch.nn.Linear(3, 3)
                )

            def forward(self, x):
                return self.mod[0](x)

        m = Mod()
        graph, _ = torch._dynamo.export(m)(torch.randn(3, 3))

    def test_nn_sequential_invocation(self):
        with freeze_rng_state():

            class TestModel(torch.nn.Module):
                def __init__(self) -> None:
                    super().__init__()
                    self.linears = torch.nn.Sequential(
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                    )

                def forward(self, x):
                    all_but_last = self.linears[:-1]
                    return all_but_last(x)

            m = TestModel()
            x = torch.rand((2, 2))
            real = m(x)
            graph, _ = torch._dynamo.export(m)(x)
            dynamo_result = graph(x)
            self.assertTrue(same(real, dynamo_result))

    def test_nn_sequential_invocation_reposition_indices(self):
        with freeze_rng_state():

            class TestModel(torch.nn.Module):
                def __init__(self) -> None:
                    super().__init__()
                    self.linears = torch.nn.Sequential(
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                        torch.nn.Linear(2, 2),
                    )

                def forward(self, x):
                    all_but_last = self.linears[1:3]
                    return all_but_last(x)

            m = TestModel()
            x = torch.rand((2, 2))
            real = m(x)
            graph, _ = torch._dynamo.export(m)(x)
            dynamo_result = graph(x)
            self.assertTrue(same(real, dynamo_result))

    def test_error_on_nested_fx_trace(self):
        input = torch.rand(2, 3)

        def f(x):
            x + x

        real = f(input)

        optimized = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        self.assertTrue(same(optimized(input), real))

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "Detected that you are using FX"):
            gm = torch.fx.symbolic_trace(optimized)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "error_on_nested_fx_trace", False)
    def test_no_error_on_nested_fx_trace(self):
        input = torch.rand(2, 3)

        def f(x):
            x + x

        real = f(input)

        optimized = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        self.assertTrue(same(optimized(input), real))

        # should not error
        gm = torch.fx.symbolic_trace(optimized)
        self.assertTrue(same(gm(input), real))

    def test_not_dynamic_scope(self):
        def f(y):
            x = 1

            def g():
                x = 2
                return lambda: x

            return y + g()()

        input = torch.zeros(1)
        real = f(input)
        optimized = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        opt = optimized(input)
        self.assertTrue(same(opt, real))

    def test_inference_mode(self):
        @torch.inference_mode()
        def func(x, y):
            return x.add(1.0) + y

        x = torch.ones(4, requires_grad=True)
        y = torch.ones(4, requires_grad=True)
        ref = func(x, y)
        opt_func = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(func)

        x1 = torch.ones(4, requires_grad=True)
        res = opt_func(x1, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertTrue(same(x, x1))

    def test_if_cond_nn_mod1(self):
        class MockModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self, output_relu=True):
                super().__init__()
                self.relu = torch.nn.ReLU() if output_relu else None

            def forward(self, x):
                x = torch.sin(x)
                if self.relu:
                    x = self.relu(x)
                return x

        model = MockModule()
        opt_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model)

        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = model(x)
        res = opt_model(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

        model = MockModule(output_relu=False)
        opt_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(model)

        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = model(x)
        res = opt_model(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_if_cond_nn_mod2(self):
        class MockModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.layer = torch.nn.Sequential()

            def forward(self, x):
                if self.layer:
                    return x + 1
                else:
                    return x - 1

        model = MockModule()
        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = model(x)
        opt_model = torch.compile(backend="eager")(model)
        res = opt_model(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_if_cond_nn_mod3(self):
        def fn(x):
            if torch.nn.ModuleList():
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_if_cond_user_defined_object(self):
        # obj.__bool__ is not existed
        class A:  # noqa: B903
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

        # obj.__bool__ is function and returns bool type
        class B:
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

            def __bool__(self):
                return self.x > 0

        # obj.__bool__ is non-function
        class C:
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x
                self.__bool__ = False

        def fn(x, obj):
            if not obj:
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(4)
        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnts, nopython=True)(fn)
        obj1 = A(0.5)
        obj2 = B(0.5)
        obj3 = B(-0.5)
        obj4 = C(0.5)
        for obj in [obj1, obj2, obj3, obj4, obj3, obj2]:
            ref = fn(x, obj)
            res = opt_fn(x, obj)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 4)

    def test_if_cond_user_defined_object2(self):
        # obj.__bool__ is function and returns non-bool type
        class MyObj:
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

            def __bool__(self):
                self.x = 1.2
                return self.x

        def fn(a, obj):
            if not obj:
                return a + obj.x
            else:
                return a - obj.x

        x = torch.rand(4)
        obj = MyObj(0.5)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        try:
            opt_fn(x, obj)
            self.assertFalse(True)
        except TypeError as e:
            self.assertIn("__bool__ should return bool, returned float", str(e))

    def test_if_cond_user_defined_object3(self):
        # obj.__bool__ is not existed, but obj.__len__ exists
        class A:  # noqa: B903
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

            def __len__(self):
                return len(self.x)

        # obj.__bool__ takes precedence over obj.__len__
        class B:
            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

            def __bool__(self):
                return False

            def __len__(self):
                return len(self.x)

        def fn(x, obj):
            if not obj:
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(4)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)
        obj1 = A([1, 2, 3])
        obj2 = A([])
        obj3 = B([1, 2, 3])
        obj4 = B([])
        for obj in [obj1, obj2, obj3, obj4]:
            ref = fn(x, obj)
            res = opt_fn(x, obj)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_class_has_instancecheck_method(self):
        class A:
            pass

        class ExampleMeta(type):
            def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
                return True

        class B(metaclass=ExampleMeta):
            pass

        def fn(x, obj):
            if isinstance(obj, B):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(4)
        obj = A()
        ref = fn(x, obj)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, obj)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_torch_cuda_is_available(self):
        def fn(x):
            if torch.cuda.is_available():
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_variable_tracker_recursively_contains(self):
        # VariableTracker.recursively_contains should be updated correctly when mutation happens
        def fn(x):
            data = [[None] * 3] * 3
            for i in range(3):
                if i == 0:
                    data[0][i] = x
                else:
                    data[0][i] = data[0][i - 1] + 1
            return data[0][-1]

        x = torch.rand(4)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    @unittest.skipIf(not TEST_CUDA, "requires cuda")
    @unittest.skipIf(not torch.backends.cudnn.is_available(), "requires cudnn")
    def test_torch_cudnn_is_acceptable(self):
        def fn(x):
            if torch.backends.cudnn.is_acceptable(tensor=x):
                return x + 1
            return x

        x = torch.rand(4).cuda()
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    @unittest.skipIf(not TEST_CUDA, "requires cuda")
    @unittest.skipIf(not torch.backends.cudnn.is_available(), "requires cudnn")
    def test_torch_cudnn_is_acceptable_bad_inputs(self):
        def fn1(x):
            if torch.backends.cudnn.is_acceptable("invalid"):
                return x + 1
            return x

        def fn2(x):
            if torch.backends.cudnn.is_acceptable(x, 3.14):
                return x + 1
            return x

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            AssertionError, "Expect input to cudnn.is_acceptable to be a tensor"
        ):
            x1 = torch.rand(4).cuda()
            opt_fn1 = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn1)
            res1 = opt_fn1(x1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            AssertionError, "Expect 1 input to cudnn.is_acceptable"
        ):
            x2 = torch.rand(4).cuda()
            opt_fn2 = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn2)
            res = opt_fn2(x2)

    @unittest.skipIf(not TEST_CUDA, "requires cuda")
    def test_get_device(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            x = x + 1
            y = y + 1
            return x.get_device(), y.get_device()

        x = torch.rand(4, device="cuda")
        y = torch.rand(4, device="cpu")
        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_disable_flag(self):
        cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        with patch.dict(os.environ, {"TORCH_COMPILE_DISABLE": "1"}):

            def fn(x, y):
                x = x + 1
                y = y + 1

            opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnt)

        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 0)

    def test_is_compiling(self):
        def f1():
            if torch._dynamo.is_compiling():
                return torch.ones(2, 2)
            else:
                return torch.zeros(2, 2)

        def f2():
            if torch._utils.is_compiling():
                return torch.ones(2, 2)
            else:
                return torch.zeros(2, 2)

        def f3():
            if torch.compiler.is_compiling():
                return torch.ones(2, 2)
            else:
                return torch.zeros(2, 2)

        def f4():
            if torch.compiler.is_dynamo_compiling():
                return torch.ones(2, 2)
            else:
                return torch.zeros(2, 2)

        for f in [f1, f2, f3, f4]:
            opt_f = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)

            self.assertEqual(f(), torch.zeros(2, 2))
            self.assertEqual(opt_f(), torch.ones(2, 2))

    def test_torch_generator_set_state(self):
        def fn():
            default_state = torch.default_generator.get_state()
            x = torch.rand([2, 3])
            if default_state.dtype != "float32":
                x = x * 2
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            torch.default_generator.set_state(default_state)
            y = torch.rand([2, 3])
            return x, y

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        x, y = opt_fn()
        self.assertEqual(x, y * 2)

    def test_torch_distributions_lazy_property(self):
        def fn(x):
            return torch.distributions.Categorical(probs=x).entropy()

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        x = torch.rand([4, 4])
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(x), fn(x))

    def test_guard_failure_fn(self):
        def fn(x, y, k):
            x = x + 1
            y = y + 1
            return x * y * k

        x = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])
        y = torch.tensor([1.0, 1.0])

        guard_failure = None

        def guard_failures(failure):
            nonlocal guard_failure
            guard_failure = failure

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(
            "eager", nopython=True, guard_fail_fn=guard_failures
        )(fn)

        x2 = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5, 1.0])
        y2 = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5, 0.5])

        opt_fn(x, y, 3)
        opt_fn(x2, y2, 5)

        if (
            not torch._dynamo.config.specialize_int
            and not torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default
        ):
            # we didn't actually test guard_failure_fn here but whatever,
            # nice to see no guard failure on the test
            self.assertTrue(guard_failure is None)
        else:
            self.assertTrue(guard_failure is not None)

    def test_guard_failure_fn_shape_control(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            if x.shape[0] < 3:
                if y.shape[0] < 3:
                    return x * y
                else:
                    return x + y
            else:
                return -1

        x = torch.randn([2, 2])
        y = torch.randn([2, 2])

        guard_failure = None

        def guard_failures(failure):
            nonlocal guard_failure
            guard_failure = failure

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(
            "eager", nopython=True, guard_fail_fn=guard_failures
        )(fn)

        x2 = torch.randn([5, 5])
        y2 = torch.randn([5, 5])

        opt_fn(x, y)
        opt_fn(x2, y2)

        self.assertTrue(guard_failure is not None)
        first_guard_failure = guard_failure[0].partition("\n")[0]
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertIn(
                """tensor 'L['x']' size mismatch at index 0. expected 2, actual 5""",
                first_guard_failure,
            )
        else:
            self.assertIn("""2 <= L['x'].size()[0] <= 2""", first_guard_failure)

    def test_guard_failure_fn2(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            x = x + 1
            y = y + 1
            return x * y

        x = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])
        y = torch.tensor([1.0, 1.0])

        guard_failure = None

        def guard_failures(failure):
            nonlocal guard_failure
            guard_failure = failure

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(
            "eager", nopython=True, guard_fail_fn=guard_failures
        )(fn)

        x2 = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5, 1.0])
        y2 = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5, 0.5])

        opt_fn(x, y)
        opt_fn(x2, y2)

        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            self.assertIn(
                """tensor 'L['x']' size mismatch at index 0. expected 2, actual 3""",
                guard_failure[0],
            )
        else:
            self.assertTrue(guard_failure is None)

    def test_guard_failure_fn_tensor_iter(self):
        def fn(x):
            for y in x:
                y.add_(1.0)
            return y

        guard_failure = None

        def guard_failures(failure):
            nonlocal guard_failure
            guard_failure = failure

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(
            "eager", nopython=True, guard_fail_fn=guard_failures
        )(fn)

        args1 = torch.randn(10, 10)
        out = fn(args1)
        opt_out = opt_fn(args1)
        self.assertTrue(same(out, opt_out))

        args2 = torch.randn(9, 10)
        out = fn(args2)
        opt_out = opt_fn(args2)
        self.assertTrue(same(out, opt_out))

        # guard is expected for both static and dynamic shapes
        self.assertTrue(guard_failure is not None)
        self.assertIn(
            """len(L['x']) == 10""",
            guard_failure[0],
        )

    def test_restore_graphstate(self):
        # This function does some guard accumulation,
        # and then rolls back due to control flow.
        # The idea is that if one were printing guards as they appear,
        # they would see this insert a guard that does not show up in the final set of
        # guards as we rolled back from it.
        def nested_fn(s):
            if x[0] < 10:
                return s * s
            return s

        def fn(x, y):
            x = x + 1
            y = nested_fn(y)
            y = y + 10
            return x * y

        all_guards = []

        def guard_export_print(guards):
            nonlocal all_guards
            all_guards.extend(guards)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", guard_export_fn=guard_export_print)(fn)

        x = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])
        y = torch.tensor([1.0, 1.0])
        opt_fn(x, y)

        for guard in all_guards:
            # This guard was created
            self.assertTrue(guard.name != "nested_fn.__closure__[0].cell_contents")

    def test_call_parent_non_class_methods_from_child(self):
        class A:
            a = 4

            def add(self, x):
                return x + 10

            def mul(self, x):
                return x * 0.1

        class B(A):
            coeff = 4

            def add(self, x):
                return x + 20

            @classmethod
            def cube(cls, x):
                return cls.coeff * x * x * x

            def mul(self, x):
                return super().mul(x) * x * 0.2

        class C(B):
            def add(self, x):
                b = super().cube(x)
                c = A.add(self, x)
                d = B.mul(self, x)
                e = super(B, self).add(x)
                f = super().a * x
                return b + c + d + e + f

        x = torch.rand(4)
        fn = C().add
        ref = fn(x)
        cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnt, nopython=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)

        # Check recompilation
        A.a = 5
        ref = fn(x)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        # Ensure that super guard checks are working as expected
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 2)

    def test_builder_for_class_with_metaclass(self):
        class ExampleMeta(type):
            pass

        class MyClass(metaclass=ExampleMeta):
            pass

        def fn(x, y):
            if isinstance(y, MyClass):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.rand([4, 4])
        y = MyClass()
        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_tuple_from_tuple_iter(self):
        def inner_fn(*args):
            acc = torch.ones(10, 10)
            for arg in args:
                acc.add_(arg)

            return acc

        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")
        def fn(inputs, params):
            y = tuple(inputs) + tuple(params)
            return inner_fn(*y)

        inputs = [torch.randn(10, 10) for _ in range(3)]

        fn(inputs, iter(tuple(inputs)))

        def fn(params):
            y = tuple(params)
            return inner_fn(*y)

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        inputs = [torch.randn(10, 10) for _ in range(3)]
        self.assertTrue(same(fn(iter(tuple(inputs))), opt_fn(iter(tuple(inputs)))))

        # Force recompilation
        inputs = [torch.randn(10, 10) for _ in range(4)]
        self.assertTrue(same(fn(iter(tuple(inputs))), opt_fn(iter(tuple(inputs)))))

    def test_torch_package_working_with_trace(self):
        # from torch._dynamo.test_case import run_tests

        inputs = [torch.randn([2, 2]), torch.randn([2, 2])]

        optimized_model = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager")(
            MyPickledModule(torch.randn([2, 2]))
        )
        from torch import package

        path = "/tmp/MyPickledModule.pt"
        package_name = "MyPickledModule"
        resource_name = "MyPickledModule.pkl"

        model = MyPickledModule(torch.randn([2, 2]))

        with package.PackageExporter(path) as exp:
            exp.extern("**")
            exp.save_pickle(package_name, resource_name, model)

        imp = package.PackageImporter(path)
        loaded_model = imp.load_pickle(package_name, resource_name)

        optimized_loaded_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(loaded_model)(*inputs)

    def test_shape_and_tuple_equality(self):
        def fn(x, y, t):
            z = x * y
            if x.size() == t:
                return z.cos()
            return z.sin()

        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)(
            torch.randn([4, 4]), torch.randn([4, 4]), (4, 4)
        )

    def test_int_list(self):
        # if assume_static_by_default == True: spec int list
        # otherwise: unspec int list
        def fn(x, y):
            return torch.sin(x + y[1] % 2)

        x = torch.randn(6)
        cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(cnt)(fn)
        for i in range(10, 25, 3):
            y = [i, i + 1, i + 2]
            ref = fn(x, y)
            res = opt_fn(x, y)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            if torch._dynamo.config.automatic_dynamic_shapes:
                self.assertExpectedInline(cnt.frame_count, """2""")
            else:
                self.assertExpectedInline(cnt.frame_count, """5""")
        else:
            self.assertExpectedInline(cnt.frame_count, """1""")

    def test_patched_builtin_functions(self):
        import builtins

        # Cache the original builtin function ids
        torch._dynamo.trace_rules._builtin_function_ids()

        class MyClass:
            pass

        builtin_isinstance = builtins.isinstance

        def patched_isinstance(obj, classinfo) -> bool:
            if builtin_isinstance(obj, MyClass):
                return False
            else:
                return builtin_isinstance(obj, classinfo)

        def fn(x, y):
            if isinstance(y, MyClass):
                return x + 1
            else:
                return x - 1

        x = torch.ones(2, 3)
        y = MyClass()

        try:
            ref = fn(x, y)
            # Monkey patch builtin function
            builtins.isinstance = patched_isinstance
            opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)
            res = opt_fn(x, y)
            self.assertTrue(same(ref, x + 1))
            self.assertTrue(same(res, x - 1))
        finally:
            builtins.isinstance = builtin_isinstance

        # check recompilation because builtins is now unpatched
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(res, x + 1))

    # specifically test for tensor.attribute -> torch.something()
    def test_real_imag_tensor_attribute(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            a = x.real
            b = x.imag
            return torch.mul(torch.add(a, y), b)

        x_real = torch.rand((4, 4))
        x_imag = torch.rand((4, 4))
        x = torch.complex(x_real, x_imag)
        y = torch.rand((4, 4))

        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_cast(self):
        from typing import cast

        def fn(x):
            return cast(torch.Tensor, torch.add(x, 1.0))

        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        ref = fn(torch.ones(2, 2))
        res = opt_fn(torch.ones(2, 2))

        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_T_tensor_attribute(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            a = x.T
            return torch.add(a, y)

        x = torch.rand((4, 4))
        y = torch.rand((4, 4))

        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_recursive_tensor_attribute(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            a = x.real.T
            b = x.imag
            return torch.mul(torch.add(a, y), b)

        x_real = torch.rand((4, 4))
        x_imag = torch.rand((4, 4))
        x = torch.complex(x_real, x_imag)
        y = torch.rand((4, 4))

        ref = fn(x, y)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_assigning_function_to_object_attribute(self):
        # user-defined functions which are object's attributes are not converted to bound methods
        def my_add(*args):
            a, b = args
            return a + b

        class MyClass:
            def __init__(self, func):
                self.add = func

        obj = MyClass(my_add)

        def fn(x):
            return obj.add(x, 2)

        x = torch.rand(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_assigning_function_to_class_attribute(self):
        # user-defined functions which are class's attributes are converted to bound methods
        def my_add(*args):
            obj, a, b = args
            return obj.x + a + b

        class MyClass:
            add = my_add

            def __init__(self, x):
                self.x = x

        obj = MyClass(0.5)

        def fn(x):
            return obj.add(x, 2)

        x = torch.rand(2, 3)
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_tagging_tensors_simple(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            return x * y, x, y

        a = torch.randn([3, 3])
        a.tag = "a"
        a.frog = "ribbity ribbit"
        b = torch.randn([3, 3])
        b.tag = "b"
        b.frog = "ribbit"

        exported = torch._dynamo.export(foo)(a, b)
        out_graph = exported[0]

        nodes = list(out_graph.graph.nodes)
        placeholders = [node for node in nodes if node.op == "placeholder"]
        all_tags = []
        all_frogs = []
        for placeholder in placeholders:
            if "tensor_dict" in placeholder.meta:
                all_tags.append(placeholder.meta["tensor_dict"]["tag"])
                all_frogs.append(placeholder.meta["tensor_dict"]["frog"])

        self.assertEqual(all_tags, ["a", "b"])
        self.assertEqual(all_frogs, ["ribbity ribbit", "ribbit"])

    def test_tagging_tensors_mix_used_unused_structure(self):
        def pre_attention_state_ops(input, mems, state):
            lc_key = state[0]
            lc_val = state[1]
            bar = []
            for i in range(0, 4):
                bar2 = []
                for j in range(0, 3):
                    bar2.append(
                        lc_key + lc_val + torch.tensor([0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.5, 0.1])
                    )
                bar.append(bar2)

            return bar

        mems = torch.tensor([[[1.8364, 0.2724, -1.4917, -0.4367, 0.8640]]])
        state = [
            torch.tensor([[[1.0517, 0.3848, -0.6472, 0.0823, 0.9116]]]),
            torch.tensor([[[1.0517, 0.3848, -0.6472, 0.0823, 0.9116]]]),
        ]
        i = torch.tensor(
            [
                [0.0313, -0.1487, -0.3846, -0.5321],
                [-1.7073, 1.3331, -0.0890, -1.4935],
                [-0.8314, -0.1862, -0.5935, 1.5232],
            ]
        )

        mems.tag = "MEMS"
        i.tag = "FOO"
        state[0].tag = "STATE_0"
        state[1].tag = "HMMM"

        exported = torch._dynamo.export(pre_attention_state_ops)(i, mems, state)
        out_graph = exported[0]

        nodes = list(out_graph.graph.nodes)
        placeholders = [node for node in nodes if node.op == "placeholder"]
        all_tags = []
        for placeholder in placeholders:
            if "tensor_dict" in placeholder.meta:
                all_tags.append(placeholder.meta["tensor_dict"]["tag"])

        self.assertEqual(all_tags, ["STATE_0", "HMMM"])

    def test_get_custom_tensor_attribute(self):
        def fn(x):
            return x.custom_attr * x

        x = torch.rand((2, 2))
        x.custom_attr = 3.14
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_set_custom_tensor_attribute(self):
        def fn(x):
            x.custom_attr = 3.14
            return x.custom_attr * x

        x = torch.rand((2, 2))
        ref = fn(x)
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        res = opt_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    def test_if_tensor_is_none(self):
        """
        Python 3.11 adds new jump instructions that check if
        TOS is None. We do not support these instructions.
        """

        def f(x, y):
            z = 1
            if x is None:
                z *= 2
            if y is not None:
                z *= 3
            return z

        opt_f = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(f)
        self.assertEqual(opt_f(None, torch.ones(2)), 6)

        if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
            insts = bytecode_transformation.cleaned_instructions(f.__code__)
            for inst in insts:
                self.assertNotIn("_NONE", inst.opname)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_py311_jump_offset(self):
        new_inst = bytecode_transformation.create_instruction
        load_global = bytecode_transformation.create_load_global
        consts = (None, 1, 2, 3, 4)

        def create_test_code(jump_opname, target_idx):
            targets = [
                new_inst("LOAD_CONST", argval=1),
                new_inst("LOAD_CONST", argval=3),
            ]
            jump_to_target_inst = new_inst(jump_opname, target=targets[target_idx])
            """
            pseudocode of generated bytecode:
            def test_py311_fn():
                goto target1
            target0:
                return 1
            target1:
                goto [target0/target2] (via fwd or bwd jump)
                return 2
            target2:
                return 3
                return 4
            """
            # test with LOAD_GLOBAL since it has a different instruction size
            insts = [
                new_inst("RESUME", arg=0),
                new_inst("JUMP_FORWARD", target=jump_to_target_inst),
                targets[0],
                load_global("print", False),
                new_inst("POP_TOP"),
                new_inst("RETURN_VALUE"),
                jump_to_target_inst,
                new_inst("LOAD_CONST", argval=2),
                load_global("print", False),
                new_inst("POP_TOP"),
                new_inst("RETURN_VALUE"),
                targets[1],
                new_inst("RETURN_VALUE"),
                new_inst("LOAD_CONST", argval=4),
                new_inst("RETURN_VALUE"),
            ]
            code_options = collections.OrderedDict(
                [
                    ("co_argcount", 0),
                    ("co_posonlyargcount", 0),
                    ("co_kwonlyargcount", 0),
                    ("co_nlocals", 0),
                    ("co_stacksize", 2),
                    ("co_flags", 3),
                    ("co_code", b""),
                    ("co_consts", consts),
                    ("co_names", ("print",)),
                    ("co_varnames", ()),
                    ("co_filename", __file__),
                    ("co_name", "test_py311_fn"),
                    ("co_qualname", "test_py311_fn"),
                    ("co_firstlineno", 1),
                    ("co_linetable", b""),
                    ("co_exceptiontable", b""),
                    ("co_freevars", ()),
                    ("co_cellvars", ()),
                ]
            )
            return bytecode_transformation.clean_and_assemble_instructions(
                insts,
                list(code_options.keys()),
                code_options,
            )

        # format: jump_opname, target_idx, expected forward jump, expected return value
        test_args = (
            ("JUMP_FORWARD", 0, False, 1),
            ("JUMP_FORWARD", 1, True, 3),
            ("JUMP_BACKWARD", 0, False, 1),
            ("JUMP_BACKWARD", 1, True, 3),
        )

        for test in test_args:
            insts, code = create_test_code(test[0], test[1])
            # check if offset of latest jump instruction is forward/backward
            for inst in reversed(insts):
                if inst.opname.startswith("JUMP"):
                    if test[2]:
                        self.assertIn("FORWARD", inst.opname)
                    else:
                        self.assertIn("BACKWARD", inst.opname)
                    break
            # run the code and check result

            def dummy_fn():
                pass

            dummy_fn.__code__ = code
            self.assertEqual(dummy_fn(), test[3])

            dummy_opt = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(dummy_fn)
            self.assertEqual(dummy_opt(), test[3])

    def test_exception_table_encode_varint(self):
        # these numbers have no real meaning to them
        nums = [
            0b111_101010_000000,
            0b1100_111000_010101_101010,
        ]
        b = bytecode_transformation.encode_exception_table_varint(
            nums[0]
        ) + bytecode_transformation.encode_exception_table_varint(nums[1])
        nums_new = []
        b_iter = iter(bytes(b))
        while True:
            try:
                nums_new.append(
                    bytecode_transformation.decode_exception_table_varint(b_iter)
                )
            except StopIteration:
                break
        self.assertEqual(nums, nums_new)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_exception_table_parsing(self):
        def fn():
            try:
                with a():
                    b()
                c()
            except Exception:
                d()
            finally:
                e()
            f()

        tab = bytecode_transformation.parse_exception_table(
            fn.__code__.co_exceptiontable
        )
        b = bytecode_transformation.assemble_exception_table(tab)
        self.assertEqual(b, fn.__code__.co_exceptiontable)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_exception_table_e2e(self):
        def fn():
            try:
                with a():
                    b()
                c()
            except Exception:
                d()
            finally:
                e()
            f()

        def nothing(*args):
            pass

        code = bytecode_transformation.transform_code_object(fn.__code__, nothing)
        self.assertEqual(code.co_exceptiontable, fn.__code__.co_exceptiontable)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_exception_table_e2e_2(self):
        # last instructions of an exn_table entry is a large instruction
        # i.e., LOAD_GLOBAL a
        def fn():
            try:
                return a
            except Exception:
                pass

        def nothing(*args):
            pass

        code = bytecode_transformation.transform_code_object(fn.__code__, nothing)
        self.assertEqual(code.co_exceptiontable, fn.__code__.co_exceptiontable)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_exception_table_entry_propagation(self):
        insts = []
        for _ in range(10):
            insts.append(bytecode_transformation.create_instruction("NOP"))
        insts[8].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[0], insts[9], insts[0], 0, True
        )
        insts[0].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[0], insts[0], insts[1], 0, True
        )
        insts[1].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[0], insts[2], insts[2], 0, True
        )
        insts[5].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[4], insts[6], insts[3], 0, True
        )
        insts[9].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[9], insts[9], insts[4], 0, True
        )
        insts[7].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[7], insts[9], insts[5], 0, True
        )
        bytecode_transformation.propagate_inst_exn_table_entries(insts)
        expected = [1, 2, 2, 0, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4]
        for inst, exp in zip(insts, expected):
            self.assertIsNotNone(inst.exn_tab_entry)
            self.assertIs(inst.exn_tab_entry.target, insts[exp])

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_compute_exception_table_nested(self):
        insts = []
        for _ in range(20):
            insts.append(bytecode_transformation.create_instruction("NOP"))
        insts[10].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[1], insts[10], insts[0], 0, True
        )
        insts[0].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[1], insts[1], insts[1], 0, True
        )
        insts[1].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[1], insts[3], insts[2], 0, True
        )
        insts[5].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[5], insts[7], insts[3], 0, True
        )
        insts[9].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[10], insts[10], insts[4], 0, True
        )
        insts[7].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[8], insts[10], insts[5], 0, True
        )
        insts[14].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[13], insts[17], insts[6], 0, True
        )
        insts[16].exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            insts[15], insts[16], insts[7], 0, True
        )
        bytecode_transformation.update_offsets(insts)
        tab = bytecode_transformation.compute_exception_table(insts)
        expected = [
            (1, 1, 1),
            (2, 3, 2),
            (4, 4, 0),
            (5, 7, 3),
            (8, 9, 5),
            (10, 10, 4),
            (13, 14, 6),
            (15, 16, 7),
            (17, 17, 6),
        ]
        self.assertEqual(len(tab), len(expected))
        for entry, exp in zip(tab, expected):
            self.assertEqual(entry.start, exp[0] * 2)
            self.assertEqual(entry.end, exp[1] * 2)
            self.assertEqual(entry.target, exp[2] * 2)

    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_remove_dead_code_with_exn_table_entries(self):
        create_instruction = bytecode_transformation.create_instruction
        target1 = create_instruction("NOP")
        target2 = create_instruction("NOP")
        target3 = create_instruction("NOP")
        exn_start = create_instruction("NOP")
        exn_end = create_instruction("NOP")
        insts = [
            create_instruction("JUMP_FORWARD", target=target1),
            exn_start,  # dead
            target1,
            create_instruction("JUMP_FORWARD", target=target3),
            exn_end,  # dead
            target2,
            target3,
        ]
        exn_start.exn_tab_entry = bytecode_transformation.InstructionExnTabEntry(
            exn_start, exn_end, target2, 0, True
        )
        bytecode_transformation.propagate_inst_exn_table_entries(insts)
        insts = bytecode_analysis.remove_dead_code(insts)
        self.assertEqual(len(insts), 5)
        self.assertNotIn(exn_start, insts)
        self.assertNotIn(exn_end, insts)
        self.assertIn(target2, insts)
        self.assertIn(target3, insts)
        bytecode_transformation.update_offsets(insts)
        tab = bytecode_transformation.compute_exception_table(insts)
        self.assertEqual(len(tab), 1)
        self.assertEqual(tab[0].start, 2)
        self.assertEqual(tab[0].end, 4)
        self.assertEqual(tab[0].target, 6)

    def test_unhandled_exception_in_dynamo(self):
        # traceback.format_exc() approximates an unhandled exception
        def f(a):
            a += 1
            raise RuntimeError("smoge")
            return a

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(f)
        try:
            opt_fn(torch.ones(2))
        except RuntimeError as e:
            self.assertIn("smoge", traceback.format_exc())

    def test_unhandled_exception_in_dynamo2(self):
        # segfaults in python 3.11 if shadow frame is freed improperly
        from torch.testing import make_tensor

        def fn():
            # test that the errors are the same for dense and sparse versions
            def test1(*, is_sparse):
                # shapes must be compatible for matrix multiplication
                a = make_tensor((2, 3), dtype=torch.float32, device="cpu")
                if is_sparse:
                    a_sparse = a.to_sparse_csr()
                    return torch.addmm(a, a_sparse, a)
                else:
                    return torch.addmm(a, a, a)

            try:
                test1(is_sparse=False)
            except RuntimeError as msg:
                try:
                    test1(is_sparse=True)
                except RuntimeError as msg2:
                    raise RuntimeError("smoge")

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        try:
            opt_fn()
        except RuntimeError:
            self.assertIn("smoge", traceback.format_exc())

    def test_variable_access_in_exception(self):
        def fn():
            x = torch.ones(1)
            try:
                raise RuntimeError("bad")
            except RuntimeError:
                x += 1
            return x

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(), torch.tensor([2.0]))

    def test_nested_sequential_with(self):
        def fn(x):
            with torch.set_grad_enabled(True):
                with torch.set_grad_enabled(False):
                    x = x + 1
                with torch.set_grad_enabled(True):
                    x = x + 1
                return x

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(torch.ones(1)), torch.tensor([3.0]))

    def test_nested_sequential_try(self):
        def fn(x):
            try:
                try:
                    x = x + 1
                except:
                    pass
                try:
                    try:
                        x = x + 1
                    except:
                        pass
                except:
                    pass
            except:
                pass
            return x

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(torch.ones(1)), torch.tensor([3.0]))

    def test_nested_sequential_try_with(self):
        def fn(x):
            with torch.set_grad_enabled(True):
                try:
                    x = x + 1
                except:
                    pass
                try:
                    with torch.set_grad_enabled(False):
                        x = x + 1
                except:
                    pass
            return x

        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(torch.ones(1)), torch.tensor([3.0]))

    def test_nested_sequential_try_with_graph_break(self):
        def fn(x, n):
            with torch.set_grad_enabled(True):
                with torch.set_grad_enabled(False):
                    x = x + 1
                    torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                try:
                    with torch.set_grad_enabled(False):
                        x = x + 1
                        if n == 0:
                            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                except:
                    pass
                with torch.set_grad_enabled(False):
                    x = x + 1
                    torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                x = x + 1
            return x

        counter = CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(torch.ones(1), 0), torch.tensor([5.0]))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        counter = CompileCounter()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
        self.assertEqual(opt_fn(torch.ones(1), 1), torch.tensor([5.0]))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 3)

    def test_ordered_dict_alias_reconstruct(self):
        od = collections.OrderedDict

        def fn():
            d1 = dict()
            d1["a"] = 1
            d2 = od(d1)
            d2["b"] = 2
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            if isinstance(d2, od):
                return d2["a"] + d2["b"]
            else:
                return 0

        dis.dis(fn)
        self.assertEqual(torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)(), 3)

    # NOTE this test can be removed once multiline errors are in Python.
    # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106922
    @skipIfNotPy311
    def test_get_instruction_source_311(self):
        def f():
            # flake8: noqa
            # fmt: off
            # test binary ops
            a = ( b   )   +   c
            a = (a + b) // (c - d)
            a = b    \
         +\
               c  # test
            a = (
                (b  # test +
                    )  \
                # +
            << (

                c  # test
                \
            )  # test
            )

            # test slice
            a = bbb   [  ccc    ]
            b = bbbbb \
                [  ccc # test

                 + ddd  \

                ] # test
            a = bbb[ccc][ddd][eee]

            # test nested and multiline function calls
            a = g(g(g(b)))
            a = g(h(
                g(b),
                c
            ))

            # test chained function calls
            a = (g(x).y)(
                z
            )(1)(2)

            # test unicode (match traceback behavior)
            a = ("🔥🔥🔥" +
                + "🔥🔥") + b

        from torch._dynamo.utils import get_instruction_source_311

        if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
            # Offsets changed in 3.12, e.g. due to removal of PRECALL inst
            offsets = (3, 11, 15, 19, 23, 29, 35, 44, 53, 65)
        else:
            offsets = (3, 11, 15, 19, 23, 29, 35, 46, 58, 74)
        insts = list(dis.get_instructions(f))
        # uncomment to determine offsets
        # print(*enumerate(insts), sep="\n")
        all_sources = "\n".join(
            get_instruction_source_311(f.__code__, insts[offset]) for offset in offsets
        )
        self.assertExpectedInline(
            all_sources,
            """\
            a = ( b   )   +   c
                ~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~

            a = (a + b) // (c - d)
                ~~~~~~~~^^~~~~~~~~

            a = b    \\
                ~~~~~~
         +\\
         ^~
               c  # test
               ~

                (b  # test +
                ~~~~~~~~~~~~
                    )  \\
                    ~~~~
                # +
                ~~~
            << (
            ^^~~


                c  # test
                ~~~~~~~~~
                \\
                ~
            )  # test
            ~

            a = bbb   [  ccc    ]
                ~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^

            b = bbbbb \\
                ~~~~~~~
                [  ccc # test
                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^


                 + ddd  \\
                 ^^^^^^^^


                ] # test
                ^

            a = bbb[ccc][ddd][eee]
                ~~~~~~~~^^^^^

            a = g(g(g(b)))
                  ~^^^^^^

            a = g(h(
                  ~^
                g(b),
                ^^^^^
                c
                ^
            ))
            ^

            a = (g(x).y)(
                ~~~~~~~~~
                z
                ~
            )(1)(2)
            ~^^^
""",
        )
        # test unicode (since assertExpectedInline doesn't support unicode)
        op_offset = 74 if sys.version_info >= (3, 12) else 84
        self.assertEqual(
            get_instruction_source_311(f.__code__, insts[op_offset]),
            """\
            a = ("🔥🔥🔥" +
                ~~~~~~~~
                + "🔥🔥") + b
                ~~~~~~~~^~~
""",
        )

    def test_raise_guard_full_constraint(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            if x.shape[0] == 3:
                return x.sin()
            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0)
        with self.assertRaises(ConstraintViolationError):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)

    # Translation validation changes the exception type, don't run with it
    @torch.fx.experimental._config.patch(translation_validation=False)
    def test_mark_dynamic_with_ranges(self):
        y = torch.randn([8, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            if x.shape[0] == 3:
                return x.sin()
            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0, min=2, max=5)
        with self.assertRaises(ConstraintViolationError):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)

    def test_mark_static(self):
        counter = CompileCounter()

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            return x.cos()

        y = torch.randn([3])
        torch._dynamo.mark_static(y, 0)
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(y)

        z = torch.randn([4])
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(z)

        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

    def test_no_raise_guard_partial_constraint(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            if x.shape[0] > 3:
                return x.sin()
            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0)
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)

    def test_no_raise_guard_partial_constraint_across_break(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x, y):
            z = x * y

            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            if z.shape[0] > 2:
                return z.cos()

            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y, y)
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0)
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y, y)

    # Sadly, this does not throw - we do not prop correctly across the graph break
    @unittest.expectedFailure
    def test_raise_guard_partial_constraint_across_break(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x, y):
            z = x * y

            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            if z.shape[0] == 3:
                return z.cos()

            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y, y)
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0)
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            Exception,
        ):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y, y)

    def test_raise_guard_partial_constraint_no_graph_break(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x, y):
            z = x * y

            if z.shape[0] == 3:
                return z.cos()

            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(y, 0)
        with self.assertRaises(ConstraintViolationError):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y, y)

    def test_cannot_trace_mark_dynamic(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x, 0)
            return x * x

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            AssertionError, "Attempt to trace forbidden callable"
        ):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)

    def test_cannot_trace_mark_dynamic_safe_unreached(self):
        y = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])

        def my_dyn_fn(x):
            if x.shape[0] == 3:
                return x
            print("Running", torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x, 0))
            return x * x

        torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(my_dyn_fn)(y)

    def test_anomaly_aot_autograd(self):
        def fail():
            raise AssertionError("fail")

        @allow_in_graph
        def h(a):
            r = a.sum()
            # Trigger an exception in backwards
            r.register_hook(lambda x: fail())
            return r

        @torch.compile(backend="aot_eager")
        def f(a):
            return h(a)

        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w, self.assertRaises(
            torch._dynamo.exc.BackendCompilerFailed
        ):
            f(torch.randn(2, 2, requires_grad=True))

        # Suppress unrelated pkg_resources warnings
        self.assertIn("forward call that caused the error", str(w[-1].message))

    def test_py_guards_mark_dynamic(self):
        def my_dyn_fn(a):
            if a.shape[0] > 2:
                return a.cos()
            return a.sin()

        counter = CompileCounter()

        # Run with dynamic
        x0 = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x0, 0)
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x0)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # Run without dynamic, no recompile
        x = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # Mark a new dim, 1, as dynamic
        x1 = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x1, 1)
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x1)
        # Recompile triggered because we marked a new dym as dynamic
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

        # Reset
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        # Reset counter
        counter = CompileCounter()

        # Run with dynamic 1
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # Run with dynamic 0, not subset
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x0)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

        # Run with dynamic 0, 1, 2, not subset
        x012 = torch.randn([3, 3, 3])
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x012, 0)
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x012, 1)
        torch._dynamo.mark_dynamic(x012, 2)
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(my_dyn_fn)(x012)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 3)

    def test_recompile_on_global_state_change(self):
        last_state = []
        cnt = 0

        def my_compiler(gm, _):
            nonlocal cnt
            cnt += 1
            state = read_state()

            def inner(*args):
                last_state[:] = state
                return gm(*args)

            return inner

        def read_state():
            return [
                torch.is_grad_enabled(),
                torch.are_deterministic_algorithms_enabled(),
                torch._C._get_cublas_allow_tf32(),
            ]

        def write_state(state):
            torch.set_grad_enabled(state[0]),
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(state[1])
            torch._C._set_cublas_allow_tf32(state[2]),

        @torch.compile(backend=my_compiler)
        def fn(x):
            return x + 1

        initial_state = read_state()
        y = torch.randn(10)
        try:
            for round in range(3):
                for i in range(len(initial_state)):
                    new_state = [False] * len(initial_state)
                    new_state[i] = True
                    write_state(new_state)
                    assert read_state() == new_state
                    last_state.clear()
                    fn(y)
                    assert last_state == new_state
                    if round == 0:
                        assert cnt == i + 1
                    else:
                        assert cnt == len(initial_state)
        finally:
            write_state(initial_state)

    def test_grad_state_mutated(self):
        prior = torch.is_grad_enabled()
        value = None
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.allow_in_graph
        def check_state():
            nonlocal value
            value = torch.is_grad_enabled()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            check_state()
            torch.set_grad_enabled(False)
            return x + 1

        try:
            torch.set_grad_enabled(True)
            fn(torch.randn(10))
            assert value is True
            assert torch.is_grad_enabled() is False

            value = None
            torch.set_grad_enabled(True)
            fn(torch.randn(10))
            assert value is True
            assert torch.is_grad_enabled() is False

            assert cnt.frame_count == 1
        finally:
            torch.set_grad_enabled(prior)

    def test_deterministic_algorithms_mutated(self):
        prior = torch.are_deterministic_algorithms_enabled()
        prior_warn_only = torch.is_deterministic_algorithms_warn_only_enabled()
        value = None
        warn_only = None
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch._dynamo.allow_in_graph
        def check_state():
            nonlocal value
            nonlocal warn_only
            value = torch.are_deterministic_algorithms_enabled()
            warn_only = torch.is_deterministic_algorithms_warn_only_enabled()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            check_state()
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(False, warn_only=False)
            return x + 1

        def run_fn():
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(True, warn_only=True)
            fn(torch.randn(10))
            assert value is True
            assert warn_only is True
            assert torch.are_deterministic_algorithms_enabled() is False
            assert torch.is_deterministic_algorithms_warn_only_enabled() is False

        try:
            run_fn()
            value, warn_only = None, None
            run_fn()
            assert cnt.frame_count == 1
        finally:
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(prior, warn_only=prior_warn_only)

    def test_torch_compile_ctx_on_forward_and_training_step(self):
        class MyModel(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self):
                ...

            def training_step(self):
                self()

        model = MyModel()
        compiled_model = torch.compile(model)

        model.forward = compiled_model.dynamo_ctx(model.forward)
        model.training_step = compiled_model.dynamo_ctx(model.training_step)

        model.training_step()

    def test_torch_guards_stack_frame_register_inlining(self):
        x = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])
        y = torch.tensor([0.75, 0.75, 0.75, 0.75])
        z = torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25])

        def uwu_inline_me(x, y, z):
            r = torch.cat((x, x)) + y
            r2 = torch.cat((y, y)) + z
            return r, r2

        def fn(x, y, z):
            r, r2 = uwu_inline_me(x, y, z)
            return torch.mul(r, r), torch.mul(r2, r2)

        seen_frames = []
        import contextlib

        @contextlib.contextmanager
        def global_context_capture_fn(frame_summary):
            if frame_summary is not None:
                seen_frames.append(frame_summary)
            yield

        with mock.patch(
            "torch._guards.TracingContext.current_frame",
            side_effect=global_context_capture_fn,
        ):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)(x, y, z)

        self.assertEqual(len(seen_frames), 1)
        self.assertEqual(seen_frames[0].name, "fn")
        self.assertEqual(seen_frames[0].line, "r, r2 = uwu_inline_me(x, y, z)")

    def test_torch_guards_stack_frame_register_inlining_deep(self):
        x = torch.tensor([0.5, 0.5])
        y = torch.tensor([0.75, 0.75, 0.75, 0.75])
        z = torch.tensor([0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25])

        def uwu_inline_me_deep(x, y):
            return torch.cat((x, x)) + y

        def uwu_inline_me(x, y, z):
            r = uwu_inline_me_deep(x, y)
            r2 = uwu_inline_me_deep(y, z)
            return r, r2

        def fn(x, y, z):
            r, r2 = uwu_inline_me(x, y, z)
            return torch.mul(r, r), torch.mul(r2, r2)

        seen_frames = []
        import contextlib

        @contextlib.contextmanager
        def global_context_capture_fn(frame_summary):
            if frame_summary is not None:
                seen_frames.append(frame_summary)
            yield

        with mock.patch(
            "torch._guards.TracingContext.current_frame",
            side_effect=global_context_capture_fn,
        ):
            torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)(x, y, z)

        self.assertEqual(len(seen_frames), 3)
        self.assertEqual(seen_frames[0].name, "fn")
        self.assertEqual(seen_frames[1].name, "uwu_inline_me")
        self.assertEqual(seen_frames[2].line, "r2 = uwu_inline_me_deep(y, z)")

    def test_error_on_recompile(self):
        @torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")
        def fn(a, b):
            return a + b

        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            with self.assertRaises(torch._dynamo.exc.RecompileError):
                fn(torch.rand(2, 3), torch.rand(2, 3))
                fn(torch.rand(2, 3), (1, 2, 3))

    @expectedFailureDynamic
    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(automatic_dynamic_shapes=False)
    def test_compile_profiler(self):
        class Model(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, input):
                return input + input

        model = Model()
        prof = CompileProfiler()
        compiled = torch.compile(model, backend=prof)
        base_checker = (
            lambda: FileCheck()
            .check("Torchdynamo Profiler Report")
            .check("Graph Breaks")
            .check("No graph breaks detected.")
            .check("Recompilation")
        )
        input = torch.rand((2, 3, 4))
        _ = compiled(input)
        base_checker().check("No recompilation detected.").run(prof.report())

        new_shape_input = torch.rand((3, 3, 4))
        _ = compiled(new_shape_input)

        # Not an exhaustive test of dynamic shapes behavior, but some sanity
        if torch._dynamo.config.assume_static_by_default:
            base_checker().check("Recompile Reasons").check("'forward'").check(
                "cache_size_limit to 1"
            ).run(prof.report())
        else:
            base_checker().check("No recompilation detected.").run(prof.report())

        new_shape_input = torch.rand((4, 3, 4))
        _ = compiled(new_shape_input)

        base_checker().check("Recompile Reasons").check("'forward'").check(
            "tensor 'L['input']' size mismatch at index 0. expected 2, actual 3"
        ).check(
            "tensor 'L['input']' size mismatch at index 0. expected 3, actual 4"
        ).run(
            prof.report()
        )

    def test_guards_strip_function_call(self):
        from torch._dynamo.guards import strip_function_call

        test_case = [
            ("___odict_getitem(a, 1)", "a"),
            ("a.layers[slice(2)][0]._xyz", "a"),
            ("getattr(a.layers[slice(2)][0]._abc, '0')", "a"),
            ("getattr(getattr(a.x[3], '0'), '3')", "a"),
            ("a.layers[slice(None, -1, None)][0]._xyz", "a"),
            ("a.layers[func('offset', -1, None)][0]._xyz", "a"),
        ]
        # strip_function_call should extract the object from the string.
        for name, expect_obj in test_case:
            self.assertEqual(strip_function_call(name), expect_obj)

    def test_int_neg(self):
        def int_neg(a, b):
            x = a.shape[0]
            y = b.shape[0]
            return -x * -y * a * b

        torch._dynamo.testing.standard_test(self, int_neg, 2)

    def test_hash_getitem_slice(self):
        s = GetItemSource(LocalSource("foo"), slice(None, -1, None))
        s2 = GetItemSource(LocalSource("foo"), slice(None, -1, None))
        s3 = GetItemSource(LocalSource("foo"), slice(None, -1, 2))
        some_set = set()

        self.assertTrue(s not in some_set)
        self.assertTrue(s2 not in some_set)
        self.assertTrue(s3 not in some_set)

        some_set.add(s)

        self.assertTrue(s in some_set)
        # s and s2 should hash the  same
        self.assertTrue(s2 in some_set)
        # s3 should be different
        self.assertTrue(s3 not in some_set)

        self.assertTrue(s == s2)
        self.assertTrue(s != s3)

    def test_inline_dict_function(self):
        def _result_type_dict(dtype):
            return {bool: torch.float32}[dtype]

        @torch.compile
        def f():
            return torch.ones(3, dtype=_result_type_dict(bool))

        self.assertEqual(f(), torch.ones(3, dtype=torch.float32))

    def test_inline_dict_function_passed_as_arg(self):
        @torch.compile
        def fn(d, x, y):
            if d[x] is torch.float32:
                return y.cos()
            else:
                return y.sin()

        dd = {bool: torch.float32, int: torch.int64}
        self.assertEqual(fn(dd, bool, torch.ones(4)), torch.ones(4).cos())
        self.assertEqual(fn(dd, int, torch.ones(4)), torch.ones(4).sin())

    def test_add_sizes(self):
        def func(x):
            y = x.size()
            return y + y

        eager_out = func(torch.ones(10, 10, 3))
        compile_out = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(func)(torch.ones(10, 10, 3))
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(compile_out, torch.Size))
        self.assertEqual(eager_out, compile_out)

    @unittest.skipIf(not TEST_MULTIGPU, "need multiple GPU")
    def test_cuda_set_device(self):
        def fn():
            a = torch.ones(2, device="cuda")
            torch.cuda.set_device(1)
            return a + 1

        with torch.cuda.device(0):
            counter = CompileCounter()
            opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
            res = opt_fn()
            self.assertEqual(res.device.type, "cuda")
            self.assertEqual(res.device.index, 0)
            self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

    def test_nested_function_resuming_with_correct_globals(self):
        # https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/99665
        try:
            from .utils import outer_func
        except ImportError:
            from utils import outer_func

        def gn(x, y):
            return x + y

        def fn(x, y):
            return outer_func(gn)(x, y)

        x = torch.rand([3])
        y = torch.rand([3])
        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        ref = fn(x, y)
        res = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertTrue(same(ref, res))

    @dataclasses.dataclass
    class CSETestCase:
        expr: str
        preface: typing.List[str] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list)
        expected: typing.Optional[str] = None
        expected_py38: typing.Optional[str] = None

    def _is_py38(self) -> bool:
        return sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8)

    def _has_ast_unparse(self) -> bool:
        from torch._dynamo.guards import HAS_UNPARSE_FUNCTIONS

        return HAS_UNPARSE_FUNCTIONS

    def test_guards_cse_pass_single(self):
        if not self._has_ast_unparse():
            if IS_FBCODE:
                raise RuntimeError("Needs astunparse or Python-3.9+")
            raise unittest.SkipTest("Needs astunparse or Python-3.9+")
        from torch._dynamo.guards import PyExprCSEPass

        testcase = self.CSETestCase
        testcases = [
            # Nothing gets CSE-d, since the only repeated sub-expression is 'x'.
            # i.e. not a node type we are interested on.
            testcase(expr="x[0].a"),
            testcase(expr="x[1].a"),
            testcase(expr="x[2].a"),
            # 'a.b.c' gets CSE-d, since it's a sub-expression used more than 'PyExprCSEPass.USE_THRESHOLD'.
            testcase(
                expr="a.b.c[0].d.e",
                preface=["_var0 = a.b", "_var1 = _var0.c"],
                expected="_var1[0].d.e",
            ),
            testcase(expr="a.b.c[1].d.e", expected="_var1[1].d.e"),
            testcase(expr="a.b.c[2].d.e", expected="_var1[2].d.e"),
            # 'm.n[0]' gets CSE-d, since it is a sub-expression used more than 'PyExprCSEPass.USE_THRESHOLD'.
            testcase(
                expr="f(m.n[0], '0').x.y.z",
                preface=["_var2 = m.n", "_var3 = _var2[0]"],
                expected="f(_var3, '0').x.y.z",
            ),
            testcase(expr="f(m.n[0], '1').x.y.z", expected="f(_var3, '1').x.y.z"),
            testcase(expr="f(m.n[0], '2').x.y.z", expected="f(_var3, '2').x.y.z"),
            # The whole expressiong gets CSE-d, as well as all of its sub-expressions.
            testcase(
                expr="self.g(a, b).k",
                preface=["_var4 = self.g", "_var5 = _var4(a, b)", "_var6 = _var5.k"],
                expected="_var6",
            ),
            testcase(expr="self.g(a, b).k", expected="_var6"),
            testcase(expr="self.g(a, b).k", expected="_var6"),
        ]
        csepass = PyExprCSEPass()
        csepass.count([t.expr for t in testcases])

        for t in testcases:
            preface, expr = csepass.replace(t.expr)
            self.assertEqual(preface, t.preface)
            expected = t.expected if t.expected is not None else t.expr
            self.assertEqual(expr, expected)

    def test_guards_cse_pass_multiple(self):
        if not self._has_ast_unparse():
            raise unittest.SkipTest("Needs astunparse or Python-3.9+")
        from torch._dynamo.guards import PyExprCSEPass

        testcase = self.CSETestCase
        testcases = [
            testcase(
                expr="x[0].a < x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)",
                expected="x[0].a < x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)",
                expected_py38="(x[0].a < (x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)))",
            ),
            testcase(
                expr="a.b.c[0].d.e + a.b.c[1].d.e * a.b.c[2].d.e > 0",
                preface=["_var0 = a.b", "_var1 = _var0.c"],
                expected="_var1[0].d.e + _var1[1].d.e * _var1[2].d.e > 0",
                expected_py38="((_var1[0].d.e + (_var1[1].d.e * _var1[2].d.e)) > 0)",
            ),
            testcase(
                expr="f(m.n[0], '0').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '1').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '2').x.y.z < 512",
                preface=["_var2 = m.n", "_var3 = _var2[0]"],
                expected="f(_var3, '0').x.y.z * f(_var3, '1').x.y.z * f(_var3, '2').x.y.z < 512",
                expected_py38="(((f(_var3, '0').x.y.z * f(_var3, '1').x.y.z) * f(_var3, '2').x.y.z) < 512)",
            ),
            testcase(
                expr="self.g(a, b).k + (1 - self.g(a, b).k) <= m[0].a + self.g(a, b).k",
                preface=["_var4 = self.g", "_var5 = _var4(a, b)", "_var6 = _var5.k"],
                expected="_var6 + (1 - _var6) <= m[0].a + _var6",
                expected_py38="((_var6 + (1 - _var6)) <= (m[0].a + _var6))",
            ),
        ]

        csepass = PyExprCSEPass()
        csepass.count([t.expr for t in testcases])

        for t in testcases:
            preface, expr = csepass.replace(t.expr)
            self.assertEqual(preface, t.preface)
            expected = t.expected_py38 if self._is_py38() else t.expected
            expected = expected if expected is not None else t.expr
            self.assertEqual(expr, expected)

    def test_guard_function_builder_with_cse(self):
        from torch._dynamo.guards import build_guard_function

        exprs = [
            "x[0].a < x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)",
            "a.b.c[0].d.e + a.b.c[1].d.e * a.b.c[2].d.e > 0",
            "f(m.n[0], '0').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '1').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '2').x.y.z < 512",
            "self.g(a, b).k + (1 - self.g(a, b).k) <= m[0].a + self.g(a, b).k",
        ]

        _, pycode = build_guard_function(exprs, "")
        expected = """\
def ___make_guard_fn():
    def guard(L):
        if not (x[0].a < x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)):
            return False
        _var0 = a.b
        _var1 = _var0.c
        if not (_var1[0].d.e + _var1[1].d.e * _var1[2].d.e > 0):
            return False
        _var2 = m.n
        _var3 = _var2[0]
        if not (f(_var3, '0').x.y.z * f(_var3, '1').x.y.z * f(_var3, '2').x.y.z < 512):
            return False
        _var4 = self.g
        _var5 = _var4(a, b)
        _var6 = _var5.k
        if not (_var6 + (1 - _var6) <= m[0].a + _var6):
            return False
        return True
    return guard
"""
        expected_38 = """\
def ___make_guard_fn():
    def guard(L):
        if not ((x[0].a < (x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)))):
            return False
        _var0 = a.b
        _var1 = _var0.c
        if not (((_var1[0].d.e + (_var1[1].d.e * _var1[2].d.e)) > 0)):
            return False
        _var2 = m.n
        _var3 = _var2[0]
        if not ((((f(_var3, '0').x.y.z * f(_var3, '1').x.y.z) * f(_var3, '2').x.y.z) < 512)):
            return False
        _var4 = self.g
        _var5 = _var4(a, b)
        _var6 = _var5.k
        if not (((_var6 + (1 - _var6)) <= (m[0].a + _var6))):
            return False
        return True
    return guard
"""
        expected_38_no_astunparse = """\
def ___make_guard_fn():
    def guard(L):
        if not (x[0].a < x[1].a * (3 - x[2].a)):
            return False
        if not (a.b.c[0].d.e + a.b.c[1].d.e * a.b.c[2].d.e > 0):
            return False
        if not (f(m.n[0], '0').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '1').x.y.z * f(m.n[0], '2').x.y.z < 512):
            return False
        if not (self.g(a, b).k + (1 - self.g(a, b).k) <= m[0].a + self.g(a, b).k):
            return False
        return True
    return guard
"""

        if self._is_py38():
            expected = (
                expected_38 if self._has_ast_unparse() else expected_38_no_astunparse
            )
        self.assertEqual(expected, pycode)

    def test_dynamo_compiling_fake_tensor_to_vararg_int(self):
        class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()

            def forward(self, x):
                # use numpy int so it's wrapped as fake tensor in dynamo
                shape = np.int_(16)
                # test shape as fake tensor, which param type is
                # Sequence[Union[_int, SymInt]]
                return x.reshape(shape)

        x = torch.rand([4, 4])
        model = MyModule()
        orig_out = model(x)
        opt_model = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(MyModule())
        opt_out = opt_model(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(orig_out, opt_out))

    def test_scalar_tensor_is_equivalent_to_symint_argument(self):
        class GumbelTopKSampler(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self, T, k):
                super().__init__()
                self.T = torch.nn.Parameter(
                    torch.tensor(T, dtype=torch.float32), requires_grad=False
                )
                self.k = torch.nn.Parameter(
                    torch.tensor(k, dtype=torch.int32), requires_grad=False
                )

            def sample_discrete(self, logits):
                threshold = torch.topk(logits, self.k, sorted=True)[0][..., -1]
                samples = torch.ge(logits.squeeze(1), threshold).float()
                return samples

            def forward(self, logits):
                dsamples = self.sample_discrete(logits)
                return dsamples

        x = torch.rand([4, 4, 4, 4])
        m = GumbelTopKSampler(T=4, k=4)
        orig_out = m(x)
        opt_m = torch.compile(backend="eager")(m)
        opt_out = opt_m(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(orig_out, opt_out))

    def test_scalar_tensor_is_equivalent_to_symint_list_argument(self):
        class Jitter(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self, jitter_val):
                super().__init__()
                self.jitter_val = jitter_val

            def roll_tensor(self, input):
                h_shift = self.jitter_val - 1
                w_shift = self.jitter_val + 1
                return torch.roll(
                    torch.roll(input, shifts=h_shift, dims=2), shifts=w_shift, dims=3
                )

            def forward(self, input):
                return self.roll_tensor(input)

        x = torch.rand([4, 4, 4, 4])
        m = Jitter(jitter_val=4)
        orig_out = m(x)
        opt_m = torch.compile(backend="eager")(m)
        opt_out = opt_m(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(orig_out, opt_out))

    def test_scalar_tensor_is_equivalent_to_int_list_argument(self):
        class MyModel(torch.nn.Module):
            def forward(self, input):
                permute = torch.tensor([0, 2, 1])
                x = input.permute(*permute)
                return x

        x = torch.randn(2, 3, 4)
        m = MyModel()
        orig_out = m(x)
        opt_m = torch.compile(backend="eager")(m)
        opt_out = opt_m(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(orig_out, opt_out))

    def test_torch_variable_hasattr(self):
        def fn(x):
            if hasattr(torch.nn, "Module"):
                return x * x
            return x + 1

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        x = torch.rand([4, 4])
        fn_out = fn(x)
        compiled_out = compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(fn_out, compiled_out))

    def test_list_hasattr1(self):
        def fn(x):
            if hasattr(x, "foo"):
                return x[0] + 1
            return x[0] - 1

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        x = [torch.randn(3)]
        fn_out = fn(x)
        compiled_out = compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(fn_out, compiled_out))

    def test_list_hasattr2(self):
        def fn():
            x = [torch.zeros(3)]
            if hasattr(x, "__len__"):
                return x[0] + 1
            return x[0] - 1

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        fn_out = fn()
        compiled_out = compiled_fn()
        self.assertTrue(same(fn_out, compiled_out))

    def test_tuple_hasattr(self):
        def fn(x):
            if hasattr(x, "foo"):
                return x[0] + 1
            return x[1] - 1

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        x = (torch.randn(3), torch.randn(3))
        fn_out = fn(x)
        compiled_out = compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertTrue(same(fn_out, compiled_out))

    def test_fn_hasattr__name__1(self):
        def fn():
            foo = lambda x: x + 1
            return hasattr(foo, "__name__")

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        fn_out = fn()
        compiled_out = compiled_fn()
        self.assertEqual(fn_out, compiled_out)
        self.assertTrue(fn_out)

    def test_fn_hasattr__name__2(self):
        def bar(x):
            return torch.sin(x)

        def fn():
            return hasattr(bar, "__name__")

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        fn_out = fn()
        compiled_out = compiled_fn()
        self.assertEqual(fn_out, compiled_out)
        self.assertTrue(fn_out)

    def test_fn_hasattr__name__3(self):
        def bar(x, y):
            return torch.sin(x) + torch.cos(y)

        baz = functools.partial(bar, y=4)

        def fn():
            return hasattr(baz, "__name__")

        compiled_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)(fn)

        fn_out = fn()
        compiled_out = compiled_fn()
        self.assertEqual(fn_out, compiled_out)
        self.assertFalse(fn_out)

    def test_torch_objects_as_keys(self):
        remap = {torch.float16: torch.float32}

        def fn():
            return torch.randn(3, dtype=remap[torch.float16])

        opt = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        opt()

    def test_tracing_py_tree(self):
        def fn(xs):
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            res = [x.clone() for x in flat_xs]
            return pytree.tree_unflatten(res, spec)

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)]

        counter = CompileCounter()
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xs)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 3)

    def test_tracing_nested_py_tree(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree

        def fn(xs):
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            res = [x.clone() for x in flat_xs]
            return pytree.tree_unflatten(res, spec)

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)]
        xsl = [xs, xs, xs, xs]

        counter = CompileCounter()
        comp_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xsl)
        real_out = fn(xsl)
        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 12)

    def test_tracing_nested_py_tree_tuples(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree

        def fn(xs):
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            res = [x.clone() for x in flat_xs]
            return pytree.tree_unflatten(res, spec)

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)]
        xsl = (xs, xs, xs, xs)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        comp_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xsl)
        real_out = fn(xsl)
        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 12)

    def test_tracing_nested_py_tree_dicts(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree

        def fn(xs):
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            res = [x.clone() for x in flat_xs]
            return pytree.tree_unflatten(res, spec)

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)]
        xsl = {
            "a": xs,
            "b": xs,
            "c": xs,
        }

        counter = CompileCounter()
        comp_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xsl)
        real_out = fn(xsl)
        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 9)

    def test_dynamic_one_hot(self):
        def fn(x):
            x = x + 1
            # graph break from data-dependent output shape
            x = torch.nn.functional.one_hot(x)
            x = x + 1
            return x

        inp = torch.arange(20) % 4
        counter = CompileCounter()
        real_out = fn(inp)
        comp_out = torch.compile(fn, backend=counter)(inp)
        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 2)

    def test_tracing_nested_py_tree_mixed_all(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree

        def fn(xs):
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            res = [x.clone() for x in flat_xs]
            return pytree.tree_unflatten(res, spec)

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)]
        xsa = (xs, xs)
        xsb = {"aa": xsa, "ab": xs}
        xsl = {
            "a": xs,
            "b": xsa,
            "c": xsb,
        }

        counter = CompileCounter()
        comp_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xsl)
        real_out = fn(xsl)
        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 18)

    def test_any_all_symnode(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt, fullgraph=True, dynamic=True)
        def fn(x):
            t = x.size(0) >= 10
            f = x.size(0) >= 100
            if any([]) or any([f]) or any([f, f]):
                return x - 1
            if all([f]) or all([t, f]) or all([f, t]) or all([f, f]):
                return x - 2
            if not (all([]) and all([t]) and all([t, t])):
                return x - 3
            if not (any([t]) and any([t, f]) and any([f, t])):
                return x - 4
            return x + 1

        y1 = torch.randn(16)
        y2 = torch.randn(18)
        self.assertEqual(fn(y1), y1 + 1)
        self.assertEqual(fn(y2), y2 + 1)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)
        y3 = torch.randn(5)
        self.assertEqual(fn(y3), y3 - 3)
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 2)

    def test_tracing_py_tree_tensor_subclass(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree
        from torch.testing._internal.two_tensor import TwoTensor
        from torch.utils.checkpoint import checkpoint

        def fn(xs):
            nested_xs = [[xs]]
            flat_xs, spec = pytree.tree_flatten(xs)
            return flat_xs[0].clone()

        # use checkpoint to trigger a "sourceless" tensor subclass
        def checkpoint_fn(xs):
            return checkpoint(fn, xs, use_reentrant=True)

        xs = TwoTensor(torch.ones(2, 2), torch.ones(2, 2))

        counter = CompileCounter()
        torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(checkpoint_fn)(xs)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 2)

    def test_tracing_tree_map_only(self):
        import torch.utils._pytree as pytree

        def fn(xs):
            def mapper(x):
                return x.clone()

            y = pytree.tree_map_only(torch.Tensor, mapper, xs)
            return y

        xs = [torch.tensor(i) for i in range(3)] + ["hi"]
        xsa = (xs, xs)
        xsb = {"aa": xsa, "ab": xs}

        counter = CompileCounter()
        comp_out = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(xsb)
        real_out = fn(xsb)

        self.assertEqual(comp_out, real_out)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 9)

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(
        capture_scalar_outputs=True, capture_dynamic_output_shape_ops=True
    )
    def test_unbacked_symint(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def f(lengths, values):
            sizes = lengths.tolist()
            for s in sizes:
                torch._constrain_as_size(s, min=2, max=100)
            return torch.split(values, sizes)

        f(torch.tensor([2, 3, 4]), torch.randn(9))

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_runtime_assert_replacement(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="aot_eager")
        def fn(x, y):
            z = y.item()
            torch._check(z == 3)
            return x + z

        fn(torch.randn(4), torch.tensor([3]))
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, lambda: fn(torch.randn(4), torch.tensor([4])))

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_cat_unbacked(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, y):
            z = y.item()
            return torch.cat([x, torch.ones(z)])

        fn(torch.randn(2, 3), torch.tensor([0]))
        self.assertRaises(
            RuntimeError, lambda: fn(torch.randn(2, 3), torch.tensor([1]))
        )

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(
        capture_scalar_outputs=True, capture_dynamic_output_shape_ops=True
    )
    def test_aot_autograd_propagate_unbacked_symints_shape(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="aot_eager")
        def f(x):
            return torch.nonzero(x)

        f(torch.tensor([1, 0, 3, 2, 0]))

    def test_simple_set_usage(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            setty = {x, y}
            return setty.pop() * setty.pop()

        counter = CompileCounter()
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(foo)
        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        y = torch.randn(10, 10)
        foo(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_add_to_set(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            setty = set()
            setty.add(x[0])
            setty.add(x[1])
            setty.add(x[2])
            setty.add(y)
            return y * len(setty)

        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        y = torch.randn(2, 2)
        eager_result = foo([x, x, x, x, y], y)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(foo)
        result = foo([x, x, x, x, y], y)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(result, eager_result)

    def test_iter_set(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            setty = set()
            for t in x:
                setty.add(t)
            return y * len(setty)

        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        y = torch.randn(2, 2)
        eager_result = foo([x, x, x, x, y], y)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(foo)
        result = foo([x, x, x, x, y], y)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertEqual(result, eager_result)

    def test_input_set_graph_break(self):
        def foo(x):
            return x.pop() * x.pop()

        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        y = torch.randn(10, 10)

        counter = CompileCounter()

        inp = {x, x, x, x, y, y}
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(foo)

        # There's a lot of stuff about sets that cannot work without a good deal of exertion on our part.
        # Specifically, getting a set as input won't ever work with how GetItemSource works (Can't arbitrary access set contents)
        # and so the guard story for the objects passed into input just isn't there atm.
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported,
            "^call_method UserDefinedObjectVariable\\(set\\).*",
        ):
            foo(inp)

        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=False)(foo)
        foo(inp)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_reconstruct_set_across_graph_break(self):
        def foo(x, y):
            setty = set()
            for t in x:
                setty.add(t)
            print("Break!")
            return y * len(setty)

        x = torch.randn(10, 10)
        y = torch.randn(2, 2)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(foo)
        result = foo([x, x, x, x, y], y)

    def test_set_aliasing_recompiles(self):
        g1 = torch.randn(10)
        g2 = torch.randn(10)
        g3 = torch.randn(10)
        g4 = torch.randn(10)

        def foo(a, b, c):
            myset = {g1, a, b, c}
            return a + len(myset)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        foo = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(foo)
        # first call with no aliasing
        foo(g2, g3, g4)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # no aliasing again
        foo(g3, g2, g4)
        # assert no recompile
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # aliasing changes, we should recompile
        foo(g2, g2, g2)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

        # same aliasing, different tensor
        foo(g3, g3, g3)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

        # aliasing between global and arg, should recompile again
        foo(g1, g1, g1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 3)

        # Reset
        torch._dynamo.reset()

        # aliasing between global and arg, first call
        foo(g1, g1, g1)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 4)

        # same aliasing, different tensor, all local, recompile
        foo(g3, g3, g3)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 5)

        # aliasing same tensor, we shouldn't recompile
        foo(g2, g2, g2)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 5)

        # No aliasing
        foo(g2, g3, g4)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 6)

        # No aliasing again
        foo(g3, g2, g4)
        # assert no recompile
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 6)

    def test_str_format_return1(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(img):
            x = torch.sin(img)
            y = f"shape {img.shape[-2:]} batch size {img.shape[0]}"
            return img + x, y

        img1 = torch.randn(1, 1, 8, 8)
        res, msg = fn(img1)
        self.assertEqual(msg, "shape torch.Size([8, 8]) batch size 1")
        self.assertEqual(res, img1 + torch.sin(img1))

    def test_str_format_return2(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(img):
            x = torch.sin(img)
            y = "shape {} batch size {y:.2f}".format(img.shape[-2:], y=img.shape[0])
            return img + x, y

        img1 = torch.randn(1, 1, 8, 8)
        res, msg = fn(img1)
        self.assertEqual(msg, "shape torch.Size([8, 8]) batch size 1.00")
        self.assertEqual(res, img1 + torch.sin(img1))

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_validate_outputs_unbacked(self):
        class SillyCat(torch.autograd.Function):
            @staticmethod
            def forward(ctx, x0, x1, i):
                ctx.save_for_backward(i)
                return torch.cat([x0, x1])

            @staticmethod
            def backward(ctx, grad_out):
                (i,) = ctx.saved_tensors
                i0, i1 = i.tolist()
                g_x0, g_x1 = grad_out.split([i0, i1])
                return g_x0, g_x1, None

        @torch.compile(backend="aot_eager", fullgraph=True)
        def f(x, i):
            i0, i1 = i.tolist()
            x0, x1 = x.split([i0, i1])
            return SillyCat.apply(x0, x1, i)

        f(torch.randn(9, requires_grad=True), torch.tensor([3, 6]))

    def test_str_format_assert1(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(img):
            x = torch.sin(img)
            val = x.shape[-2:]
            torch._assert(len(val) == 2, f"shape {img.shape}")
            return img + x

        img1 = torch.randn(1, 1, 8, 8)
        res = fn(img1)
        self.assertEqual(res, img1 + torch.sin(img1))

    def test_str_format_assert2(self):
        cnt = CompileCounter()

        @torch.compile(backend=cnt)
        def fn(img):
            x = torch.sin(img)
            torch._assert(
                img.shape[-2] == 8 and img.shape[-1] == 16, f"shape {img.shape}"
            )
            return img + x

        img1 = torch.randn(1, 3, 8, 16)
        res = fn(img1)
        self.assertEqual(res, img1 + torch.sin(img1))
        self.assertEqual(cnt.frame_count, 1)

        # trigger a recompile and graph break
        img2 = torch.randn(1, 3, 8, 15)
        self.assertRaises(AssertionError, lambda: fn(img2))

    def test_tolist_scalar(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            for i in x.tolist():
                new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.tensor([3])
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_tolist_1d(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            for i in x.tolist():
                new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.tensor([2, 1])
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_tolist_kd(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            for i in x.tolist():
                new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.tensor([[[2, 1], [2, 1], [2, 1]], [[2, 1], [2, 1], [2, 1]]])
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "specialize_int", True)
    def test_tolist_0d(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            i = x.tolist()
            new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.tensor(42)
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "assume_static_by_default", False)
    @patch.object(torch._dynamo.config, "automatic_dynamic_shapes", False)
    def test_tolist_kd_dynamic(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            i = x.tolist()
            new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.randint(3, 5, [5, 5])
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter, nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # Value change, no recompiles
        x = torch.randint(7, 9, [5, 5])
        compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

        # Size change, forced recompiles
        x = torch.randint(3, 5, [3, 3])
        compiled_fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 2)

    def test_tolist_float(self):
        def fn(x):
            new_list = []
            for i in x.tolist():
                new_list.append(i * 4)
            return new_list

        x = torch.tensor(
            [[[2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 1.0]], [[2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 1.0]]]
        )
        eager = fn(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        # Nothing to compile here
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 0)

    def test_inline_closure_not_loaded_by_parent(self):
        def outer(a):
            return a + 1

        def indirect(x):
            return direct(x)

        def direct(x):
            def deep2(c):
                return outer(c)

            def deep(c):
                return deep2(c)

            return deep(x)

        x = torch.randn(3)
        eager = indirect(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(indirect)(x)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_deque_input(self):
        a = torch.randn([2, 3])
        b = torch.randn([2, 3])
        d1 = collections.deque([a, b])
        d1.insert(0, "foo")

        d2 = collections.deque([a, b])
        d2.insert(0, "foo")

        def fn(q):
            a = q.pop()
            b = q.pop()
            return a * b

        eager = fn(d1)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)(d2)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_deque_append_left(self):
        d1 = collections.deque([10, 10])
        d1.insert(0, "foo")

        d2 = collections.deque([10, 10])
        d2.insert(0, "foo")

        def fn(q, a, b):
            q.appendleft(a)
            q.appendleft(b)
            return q.popleft() * q.popleft()

        a = torch.randn([3, 3])
        b = torch.randn([3, 3])
        eager = fn(d1, a, b)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)(d2, a, b)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(compiled, torch.Tensor))

    def test_yield_from(self):
        def yield_from_fn(t_list, k):
            def yield_from_gen(l):
                l2 = [t * k for t in l]
                yield from l2

            return [t * k for t in yield_from_gen(t_list)]

        t_list = [torch.randn([2, 3]) for _ in range(3)]
        eager = yield_from_fn(t_list, 2)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(yield_from_fn)(t_list, 2)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_yield_from_in_a_loop(self):
        def gen2():
            yield 1

        def gen1():
            for value in range(5):
                yield from gen2()

        def fn(x):
            c = 0
            for i in gen1():
                c = c + i
            return x + c

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        x = torch.zeros(4)
        self.assertEqual(fn(x), opt_fn(x))

    def test_yield_gen_and_from(self):
        def populate_and_multiply_sequence(n, multiplier):
            # Inline generator
            def tensor_generator():
                for i in range(n):
                    yield torch.tensor([i])

            # Use 'yield from' to iterate over tensors and multiply
            t_list = [tensor * multiplier for tensor in tensor_generator()]

            def yield_from_gen():
                yield from t_list

            return [t for t in yield_from_gen()]

        multiplier = torch.tensor([10])
        eager = populate_and_multiply_sequence(5, multiplier)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(populate_and_multiply_sequence)(
            5, multiplier
        )
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_yield_from_user_stop_iteration(self):
        class MyIter:
            def __init__(self, seq):
                self.seq = seq
                self.index = 0

            def __iter__(self):
                return self

            def __next__(self):
                self.index += 1
                if self.index <= len(self.seq):
                    return self.seq[self.index - 1]
                raise StopIteration(self.index)

        def yield_from_iter_fn(seq):
            def gen(seq):
                yield from MyIter(seq)

            return [i for i in gen(seq)]

        seq = [torch.randn([2, 3]) for _ in range(3)]
        eager = yield_from_iter_fn(seq)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(yield_from_iter_fn)(seq)
        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 0)

    def test_yield_send_to_subgenerator_graph_break(self):
        def subgenerator(tensor):
            multiplier = yield
            yield tensor * multiplier

        def main_generator(t_list):
            for tensor in t_list:
                subgen = subgenerator(tensor)
                next(subgen)
                yield from subgen.send(torch.tensor([10]))

        t_list = [torch.tensor([i]) for i in range(5)]
        eager = list(main_generator(t_list))

        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(main_generator)
        compiled = list(compiled_fn(t_list))

        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 0)

    def test_derpy_nn_module_usage(self):
        def ff1(x):
            self = mod1
            return torch.sigmoid(self.mod2(x) + self.param1)

        def ff2(x):
            self = mod2
            return torch.cos(torch.sin(x) * self.param2 + 10)

        mod1 = torch.nn.Module()
        mod2 = torch.nn.Module()
        mod1.register_module("mod2", mod2)
        mod1.register_parameter("param1", torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(10)))
        mod1.forward = ff1
        mod2.register_parameter("param2", torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(10)))
        mod2.forward = ff2
        mod1.eval()

        x = torch.randn(10)
        expected = mod1(x)
        counter = CompileCounter()
        actual = torch.compile(mod1, backend=counter, fullgraph=True)(x)
        self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
        self.assertEqual(counter.op_count, 6)

    def test_default_args_device_dtype(self):
        class Foo:
            def __init__(
                self,
                dtype: torch.dtype = torch.float16,
                device: torch.device = torch.device("cpu"),
            ) -> None:
                self.value = torch.tensor(10, dtype=dtype, device=device)

        def fn():
            return Foo().value + 1

        opt_func = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        ref = fn()
        res = opt_func()
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

    def test_torch_device_python_type(self):
        for device, device_type, index in [
            ("cpu", "cpu", None),
            ("cuda:0", "cuda", 0),
        ]:
            if device == "cuda:0" and not TEST_CUDA:
                continue

            def fn(target):
                target_device = target.device
                a = torch.zeros(2, 3, device=target_device)
                # Constant assert at trace time
                assert isinstance(target_device, torch.device)
                assert target_device.type == device_type
                assert target_device.index == index
                b = torch.zeros(2, 3, device=target_device)
                c = torch.zeros(2, 3, device=target_device)
                return a + b + c

            from torch._dynamo.variables import ConstantVariable

            device = torch.device(device)
            expected_variable = ConstantVariable(device)
            self.assertEqual(expected_variable.python_type(), type(device))

            opt_func = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
            a = torch.tensor([2, 3], device=device)
            res = opt_func(a)
            self.assertIsInstance(res, torch.Tensor)

    def test_torch_dtype_python_type(self):
        def fn(target):
            target_dtype = target.dtype
            a = torch.zeros(2, 3, dtype=target_dtype)
            # Constant assert at trace time
            assert isinstance(target_dtype, torch.dtype)
            b = torch.zeros(2, 3, dtype=target_dtype)
            c = torch.zeros(2, 3, dtype=target_dtype)
            return a + b + c

        from torch._dynamo.variables import ConstantVariable

        dtype = torch.float16
        expected_variable = ConstantVariable(dtype)
        self.assertEqual(expected_variable.python_type(), type(dtype))

        opt_func = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        a = torch.tensor([2, 3], dtype=dtype)
        res = opt_func(a)
        self.assertIsInstance(res, torch.Tensor)

    def test_itertools_repeat(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            r = itertools.repeat(100.0, 5)
            for i in r:
                x += i
            return x

        x = torch.randn([2, 5])
        eager = fn(x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_infinite_repeat(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            r = itertools.repeat(100.0)
            idx = 0
            for i in r:
                x += i
                idx += 1
                if idx > 10:
                    break
            return x

        x = torch.randn([2, 5])
        eager = fn(x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_infinite_repeat_mutation(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            r = itertools.repeat(x)
            idx = 0
            for i in r:
                x += i
                i += 1
                idx += 1
                if idx > 10:
                    break
            return x

        x = torch.randn([2, 5])
        eager = fn(x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_infinite_count(self):
        for args in ([], [10], [5, -1]):
            counters.clear()

            def fn(x):
                r = itertools.count(*args)
                idx = 0
                for i in r:
                    x += i
                    idx += 1
                    if idx > 10:
                        break
                return x

            x = torch.randn([2, 5])
            eager = fn(x)

            compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
            compiled = compiled_fn(x)

            self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
            self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_infinite_cycle(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            for iterator in (
                iter([]),
                iter([10, 11.0]),
                itertools.repeat(-1, 3),
                itertools.count(10),
            ):
                r = itertools.cycle(iterator)
                idx = 0
                x += 1
                for i in r:
                    x += i
                    idx += 1
                    if idx > 10:
                        break
            return x

        x = torch.randn([2, 5])
        eager = fn(x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_accumulate_symint_default_sum(self):
        # https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/110287
        counters.clear()

        def fn(x):
            r = itertools.accumulate([x.size(0), x.size(1)])
            for i in r:
                x *= i
            return x

        x = torch.randn(2, 3)
        eager = fn(x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_accumulate_tensors_default_sum(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(a, b, c, d, x):
            l = [a, b, c, d, x]
            for i, t in enumerate(l):
                l[i] = t * x
            return itertools.accumulate(l)

        t_list = [torch.tensor([i + 1]) for i in range(4)]
        x = torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
        eager = fn(*t_list, x)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(*t_list, x)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_accumulate_tensors_builtins(self):
        for builtin_op in [operator.mul, operator.sub, operator.pow]:
            counters.clear()

            def fn(a, b, c, d, x):
                l = [a, b, c, d, x]
                for i, t in enumerate(l):
                    l[i] = t * x
                return itertools.accumulate(l, builtin_op)

            t_list = [torch.tensor([i + 1]) for i in range(4)]
            x = torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
            eager = fn(*t_list, x)

            compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
            compiled = compiled_fn(*t_list, x)

            self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
            self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_accumulate_tensors_kwargs(self):
        from torch._dynamo.utils import counters

        for kwargs in [
            {"func": operator.mul},
            {"initial": 100},
            {"func": operator.sub, "initial": -1},
        ]:
            counters.clear()

            def fn(a, b, c, d, x):
                l = [a, b, c, d, x]
                for i, t in enumerate(l):
                    l[i] = t * x
                return itertools.accumulate(l, **kwargs)

            t_list = [torch.tensor([i + 1]) for i in range(4)]
            x = torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])

            compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
            compiled = compiled_fn(*t_list, x)
            eager = fn(*t_list, x)

            self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
            self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_packaging_version_parse(self):
        from packaging import version

        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn():
            x = torch.zeros(1)
            if version.parse(torch.__version__) >= version.parse("2.0.0"):
                return x + 1
            return x

        self.assertEqual(fn().item(), 1)

    def test_itertools_accumulate_tensors_user_defined(self):
        def udo_fn_0(a, b):
            return -1

        rando = random.randint(0, 1)

        def udo_fn_1(a, b):
            return a * rando + b * rando

        seen = []

        def udo_fn_2(a, b):
            seen.append(a)
            seen.append(b)
            return a * len(seen)

        for udo_fn in [udo_fn_0, udo_fn_1, udo_fn_2]:
            counters.clear()
            torch._dynamo.reset()

            def fn(a, b, c, d, x):
                l = [a, b, c, d, x]
                for i, t in enumerate(l):
                    l[i] = t * x
                return itertools.accumulate(l, udo_fn)

            t_list = [torch.tensor([i]) for i in range(4)]
            x = torch.tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
            eager = fn(*t_list, x)

            compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
            compiled = compiled_fn(*t_list, x)

            self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
            self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_pure_python_accumulate(self):
        def accumulate(iterable, func=lambda x, y: x + y):
            it = iter(iterable)
            try:
                # Initialize the accumulator with the first value from the iterable
                accumulator = next(it)
            except StopIteration:
                # If the iterable is empty, return an empty generator
                return
            yield accumulator

            for element in it:
                accumulator = func(accumulator, element)
                yield accumulator

        def fn(it):
            return accumulate(it)

        t_list = [torch.tensor([i]) for i in range(4)]
        eager = fn(t_list)

        counter = CompileCounter()
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(counter)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(t_list)

        self.assertEqual(list(eager), list(compiled))
        self.assertEqual(counter.frame_count, 1)

    def test_itertools_groupby_pure_python_default_identify_func(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(l):
            return [(k, list(g)) for k, g in itertools.groupby(l)]

        l = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 1, 2]
        eager = fn(l)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(l)

        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_itertools_groupby_pure_python_key_func(self):
        counters.clear()

        def fn(l):
            return [(k, list(g)) for k, g in itertools.groupby(l, key=operator.neg)]

        l = [1, 2, -2, 3, 4, 4, -4, 0, -2]
        eager = fn(l)

        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)
        compiled = compiled_fn(l)

        self.assertEqual(eager, compiled)
        self.assertEqual(len(counters["graph_break"]), 0)

    def test_list_iterator_contains(self):
        def fn(x):
            it = iter(["my_weight", "not_my_weight"])
            next(it)
            if "my_weight" in it:
                return x + 2
            return x + 1

        x = torch.zeros(3)
        compiled_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize(backend="eager", nopython=True)(fn)

        self.assertEqual(fn(x), compiled_fn(x))

    def test_storage_return(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            y = torch.sin(x + 1)
            storage = x.untyped_storage()
            storage.resize_(0)
            y = torch.cos(y)
            return y, storage

        x = torch.randn(10)
        expected = torch.cos(torch.sin(x + 1))
        y, s = fn(x)
        self.assertEqual(y, expected)
        self.assertEqual(x.untyped_storage().size(), 0)
        self.assertIs(s, x.untyped_storage())

    def test_flat_name_to_original_fqn(self):
        class FooBarModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.register_parameter("0", torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(3, 4)))
                self.register_buffer("test_buf", torch.randn(3, 4))
                self.register_parameter(
                    "test_param", torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(3, 4))
                )

            def forward(self, x):
                return ((x + self.test_buf) * getattr(self, "0")) / self.test_param

        class TestModule(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.foo_bar = FooBarModule()
                self.register_parameter(
                    "test_param", torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(3, 4))
                )
                self.register_buffer("test_buf", torch.randn(3, 4))

            def forward(self, x):
                return (self.foo_bar(x) + self.test_param) * self.test_buf

        gm, _ = torch._dynamo.export(TestModule(), torch.randn(3, 4))
        self.assertIn("dynamo_flat_name_to_original_fqn", gm.meta)
        expected_fqn = {
            "L__self___test_param": "test_param",
            "L__self___test_buf": "test_buf",
            "getattr_L__self___foo_bar___0__": "foo_bar.0",
            "L__self___foo_bar_test_param": "foo_bar.test_param",
            "L__self___foo_bar_test_buf": "foo_bar.test_buf",
        }
        self.assertEqual(expected_fqn, gm.meta["dynamo_flat_name_to_original_fqn"])

    def test_shape_env_no_recording(self):
        main = ShapeEnv(should_record_events=False)

        # The main ShapeEnv should have no event recorded.
        self.assertEqual(len(main.events), 0)

        # Call create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset on both of them.
        r = main.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )

        # Create a guard: size[0] == 3 (call evaluate_expr)
        #   - +1 guard entry
        #   - +1 replacement entry
        size = r[0]
        bool(size[0] == 3)

        # The main ShapeEnv should remain with no event recorded.
        self.assertEqual(len(main.events), 0)

        if torch.fx.experimental.validator.translation_validation_enabled():
            from torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes import (
                CURRENT_NODE_KEY,
                SHAPEENV_EVENT_KEY,
            )

            # Check that we don't store any recording metadata on nodes
            # from the symbolic shape FX graph.
            for n in main.graph.nodes:
                self.assertFalse(SHAPEENV_EVENT_KEY in n.meta)
                self.assertFalse(CURRENT_NODE_KEY in n.meta)

    def _replay_and_check(self, shape_env: ShapeEnv):
        if shape_env.should_record_events:
            replayed = replay_shape_env_events(shape_env.events)
            shape_env.check_equal(replayed)

    def test_shape_env_equal_empty(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()
        main.check_equal(other)
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_constructor(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(allow_scalar_outputs=False), ShapeEnv()
        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> settings: values don't match.
  >  Left: ShapeEnvSettings(allow_scalar_outputs=False, allow_dynamic_output_shape_ops=True, assume_static_by_default=False, specialize_zero_one=True, duck_shape=True, prefer_deferred_runtime_asserts_over_guards=False)
  > Right: ShapeEnvSettings(allow_scalar_outputs=True, allow_dynamic_output_shape_ops=True, assume_static_by_default=False, specialize_zero_one=True, duck_shape=True, prefer_deferred_runtime_asserts_over_guards=False)
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()
        main.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )
        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
  > Right: {}
==> source_to_symbol: values don't match.
  >  Left: {x.size()[0]: x.size()[0], x.size()[1]: x.size()[1], x.storage_offset(): x.storage_offset(), x.stride()[0]: x.stride()[0], x.stride()[1]: x.stride()[1]}
  > Right: {}
==> val_to_var: values don't match.
  >  Left: {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: s1, 3: s0}
  > Right: {0: 0, 1: 1}
==> var_to_range: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False), s1: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False)}
  > Right: {}
==> var_to_sources: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: [TensorPropertySource(base=ConstantSource(source_name='x'), prop=<TensorProperty.SIZE: 0>, idx=0)], s1: [TensorPropertySource(base=ConstantSource(source_name='x'), prop=<TensorProperty.SIZE: 0>, idx=1)]}
  > Right: {}
==> var_to_val: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: 3, s1: 2}
  > Right: {}
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_unbacked(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()
        main.create_unbacked_symint()
        main.create_unbacked_symfloat()
        main.create_unbacked_symbool()
        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {f0, u0, u1}
  > Right: {}
==> unbacked_symfloat_counter: values don't match.
  >  Left: 1
  > Right: 0
==> unbacked_symint_counter: values don't match.
  >  Left: 2
  > Right: 0
==> var_to_range: values don't match.
  >  Left: {f0: ValueRanges(lower=-oo, upper=oo, is_bool=False), u0: ValueRanges(lower=-9223372036854775808, upper=9223372036854775807, is_bool=False), u1: ValueRanges(lower=0, upper=1, is_bool=False)}
  > Right: {}
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_evaluate_expr_divisible(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()

        # Call create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset on both of them.
        r = main.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )
        other.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )

        # Create a guard: size[0] % 3 == 0 (only in the main ShapeEnv)
        #   - +1 guard entry
        #   - +1 divisible entry
        size = r[0]
        bool(size[0] % 3 == 0)

        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> divisible: values don't match.
  >  Left: {Mod(s0, 3)}
  > Right: {}
==> guards: values don't match.
  >  Left: [Eq(Mod(s0, 3), 0)]
  > Right: []
==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {_assert, eq, mod, x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
  > Right: {x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_evaluate_expr_replacement(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()

        # Call create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset on both of them.
        r = main.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )
        other.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )

        # Create a guard: size[0] == 3 (only in the main ShapeEnv)
        #   - +1 guard entry
        #   - +1 replacement entry
        size = r[0]
        bool(size[0] == 3)

        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> guards: values don't match.
  >  Left: [Eq(s0, 3)]
  > Right: []
==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {_assert, eq, x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
  > Right: {x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
==> replacements: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: 3}
  > Right: {}
==> var_to_range: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: ValueRanges(lower=3, upper=3, is_bool=False), s1: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False)}
  > Right: {s0: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False), s1: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False)}
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_evaluate_expr_refinement(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()

        # Call create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset on both of them.
        r = main.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )
        other.create_symbolic_sizes_strides_storage_offset(
            torch.randn(3, 2), ConstantSource("x")
        )

        # Create a guard: size[0] >= 3 (only in the main ShapeEnv)
        #   - +1 guard entry
        #   - +1 var_to_guard entry
        #   - Change: var_to_range
        size = r[0]
        bool(size[0] >= 3)

        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> guards: values don't match.
  >  Left: [s0 >= 3]
  > Right: []
==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {_assert, ge, x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
  > Right: {x_size_0_, x_size_1_, x_storage_offset, x_stride_0_, x_stride_1_}
==> var_to_range: values don't match.
  >  Left: {s0: ValueRanges(lower=3, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False), s1: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False)}
  > Right: {s0: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False), s1: ValueRanges(lower=2, upper=9223372036854775806, is_bool=False)}
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    @onlyIfTranslationValidation
    def test_shape_env_equal_runtime_assert(self):
        main, other = ShapeEnv(), ShapeEnv()

        # Call create_unbacked_symint on both of them.
        r = main.create_unbacked_symint()
        other.create_unbacked_symint()

        # Create a runtime assert: r % 3 == 0 (only in the main ShapeEnv)
        #   - +1 deferred_runtime_asserts entry
        #   - Change: num_deferred_runtime_asserts
        expect_true(r % 3 == 0)

        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            NotEqualError,
            lambda: main.check_equal(other),
            """\
ShapeEnv not equal: field values don't match:

==> deferred_runtime_asserts: values don't match.
  >  Left: {u0: [Eq(Mod(u0, 3), 0)]}
  > Right: {}
==> divisible: values don't match.
  >  Left: {Mod(u0, 3)}
  > Right: {}
==> name_to_node: values don't match.
  >  Left: {_assert, eq, mod, u0}
  > Right: {u0}
==> num_deferred_runtime_asserts: values don't match.
  >  Left: 1
  > Right: 0
""",
        )
        self._replay_and_check(main)

    def test_shape_env_recorded_function_fallback(self):
        # Make sure the record/replay mechanism for ShapeEnv will fallback
        # if no ShapeEnv instance is found.
        constrain_range(5, min=2, max=10)
        constrain_unify(5, 5)

        self.assertExpectedRaisesInline(
            AssertionError,
            lambda: _constrain_range_for_size(5, min=2, max=10),
            """can only constrain range for SymInt""",
        )

    def test_default_dtype_change(self):
        @torch.compile
        def foo():
            def inner(a, b, res_dtype):
                print(a, b, res_dtype)
                self.assertEqual(torch.result_type(a, b), res_dtype)

            inner(torch.tensor(1, device="cpu"), 1.0, torch.get_default_dtype())

        with set_default_dtype(torch.float):
            foo()
        with set_default_dtype(torch.double):
            foo()

    def test_numpy_ufunc_out(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def foo():
            x = np.arange(5)
            out = np.empty((x.shape[0], x.shape[0]))
            res_out = np.sin(x, out=out)
            assert res_out is out

        foo()

    # Unfortunately, we don't currently preserve the ids of
    # res_out and out correctly across the graph break
    @unittest.expectedFailure
    def test_numpy_ufunc_out_graph_break(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def foo():
            x = np.arange(5)
            out = np.empty((x.shape[0], x.shape[0]))
            res_out = np.sin(x, out=out)
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            assert res_out is out

        foo()

    def test_dict_subclass_cannot_be_initialized_in_graph(self):
        for super_class in (
            collections.OrderedDict,
            dict,
        ):

            class CustomDict(super_class):
                def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
                    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

            def fn(x):
                c = CustomDict()
                c["key"] = x
                assert "key" in c
                return c["key"] + 1

            fn_opt = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                torch._dynamo.exc.Unsupported, "call_function UserDefinedClassVariable"
            ):
                print(fn_opt(torch.zeros(1)))

    @wrapDeterministicFlagAPITest
    def test_backward_deterministic_mode_mismatch_warning(self):
        @torch.compile
        def func(a, b):
            return a + b

        for forward_deterministic, backward_deterministic in itertools.product(
            [True, False], [True, False]
        ):
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(forward_deterministic)
            a = torch.randn(10, requires_grad=True)
            res = func(a, 1)
            grad = torch.ones_like(res)
            torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(backward_deterministic)

            if not forward_deterministic and backward_deterministic:
                with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                    RuntimeError,
                    "^This compiled backward function is being run with torch\.use_deterministic_algorithms",
                ):
                    res.backward(grad)

            else:
                res.backward(grad)

    def test_torch_dynamo_codegen_pow(self):
        def pow(x):
            return x**2

        x = np.arange(8)
        pow_opt = torch.compile(pow)

        actual, source_code = run_and_get_code(pow_opt, x)
        expect = pow(x)

        self.assertEqual(expect, actual)

        self.assertTrue(
            all("aten.pow" not in code for code in source_code),
            msg="Encountered an unexpected fallback to 'aten pow' in dynamo compiled code",
        )

    def test_graph_break_compilation_metrics(self):
        def fn(x):
            x.cos()
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            x.sin()
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return x.cos()

        torch._dynamo.utils.clear_compilation_metrics()
        x = torch.rand((4, 4))
        f = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        f(x)
        metrics = torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()
        # Should only be one restart per event
        (restart_reason,) = metrics[0].restart_reasons
        self.assertTrue(
            "skip function graph_break" in restart_reason,
            "Should have logged graph break reason",
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            metrics[0].dynamo_time_before_restart_s
            <= metrics[0].entire_frame_compile_time_s
        )

        (restart_reason,) = metrics[1].restart_reasons
        self.assertTrue(
            "skip function graph_break" in restart_reason,
            "Should have logged graph break reason",
        )
        self.assertTrue(
            metrics[1].dynamo_time_before_restart_s
            <= metrics[1].entire_frame_compile_time_s
        )

        # No restarts
        self.assertTrue(
            len(metrics[2].restart_reasons) == 0, "Last compile has no graph break"
        )
        self.assertTrue(metrics[2].dynamo_time_before_restart_s == 0)

    def test_graph_break_compilation_metrics_on_failure(self):
        def fn(x):
            return x.sin()

        def broken_backend(gm, example_inputs):
            raise RuntimeError("broken backend")

        x = torch.rand((4, 4))
        f = torch.compile(fn, backend=broken_backend)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.suppress_errors", True):
            torch._dynamo.utils.clear_compilation_metrics()
            f(x)
            metrics = torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()
            for metric in metrics:
                self.assertTrue(metric.dynamo_time_before_restart_s > 0)
                self.assertTrue(
                    "RuntimeError: broken backend" in metric.fail_reason,
                    "Should have logged fail reason",
                )

    def test_compilation_metrics_size_limit(self):
        def fn1(x):
            return x.relu()

        def fn2(x):
            return x.cos()

        def fn3(x):
            return x.sin()

        def fn4(x):
            return x.exp()

        import contextlib

        @contextlib.contextmanager
        def metrics_limit_ctx():
            try:
                torch._dynamo.utils.set_compilation_metrics_limit(3)
                yield
            finally:
                torch._dynamo.utils.set_compilation_metrics_limit(
                    torch._dynamo.utils.DEFAULT_COMPILATION_METRICS_LIMIT
                )

        x = torch.rand((4, 4))
        torch._dynamo.reset()
        torch.compile(fn1, backend="eager")(x)
        torch.compile(fn2, backend="eager")(x)
        torch.compile(fn3, backend="eager")(x)
        torch.compile(fn4, backend="eager")(x)

        with metrics_limit_ctx():
            torch._dynamo.utils.clear_compilation_metrics()
            torch._dynamo.reset()
            self.assertEqual(0, len(torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()))
            torch.compile(fn1, backend="eager")(x)
            self.assertEqual(1, len(torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()))
            torch.compile(fn2, backend="eager")(x)
            self.assertEqual(2, len(torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()))
            torch.compile(fn3, backend="eager")(x)
            self.assertEqual(3, len(torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()))
            torch.compile(fn4, backend="eager")(x)
            self.assertEqual(3, len(torch._dynamo.utils.get_compilation_metrics()))

    def test_funcname_cache(self):
        src = """\
import torch
if True:
    test = 3

class AAA:
    class DUMMY:
        class DUMMY2:
            pass

    def dummy(self):
        def dummy2():
            pass
    class BBB:
        @staticmethod
        def CCC():
            class DDD:
                if True:
                    @staticmethod
                    def EEE():
                        x = [torch.ones(3, 3) for _ in range(5)]
                        return x
            return DDD
def fn():
    return 3
"""
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w") as f:
            f.write(src)
            f.flush()
            from torch._dynamo.funcname_cache import get_funcname

            names = [get_funcname(f.name, i + 1) for i in range(src.count("\n") + 1)]

        self.assertExpectedInline(
            "\n".join(names),
            """\




AAA
AAA.DUMMY
AAA.DUMMY.DUMMY2
AAA.DUMMY.DUMMY2
AAA.DUMMY.DUMMY2
AAA.dummy
AAA.dummy.dummy2
AAA.dummy.dummy2
AAA.BBB
AAA.BBB
AAA.BBB.CCC
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD.EEE
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD.EEE
AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD.EEE
AAA.BBB.CCC
fn
fn
""",
        )

    def test_return_dict_with_graph_break_and_update(self):
        def create():
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            return {0: torch.tensor(3)}

        def fn():
            return {**create()}

        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        result = opt_fn()
        self.assertIn(0, result)
        self.assertTrue(same(result[0], torch.tensor(3)))

    def test_dynamo_reset_clears_cache(self):
        """Test that dynamo bytecode cache is freed
        when dynamo reset is called
        """

        def fn(x):
            return torch.sin(x)

        opt_fn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)
        opt_fn(torch.randn(3, 3))

        c1 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c1), 1)

        torch._dynamo.reset()
        c2 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c2), 0)

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(capture_scalar_outputs=True)
    def test_guard_size_oblivious(self):
        # This code, in fact, does NOT work in eager
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def fn(x):
            y = torch.zeros(x.item())
            if guard_size_oblivious(y.size(0) == 0):
                assert False
            return y

        self.assertEqual(fn(torch.tensor([0])), torch.zeros(0))

    def test_guard_size_oblivious_backed(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager", fullgraph=True)
        def f(x):
            y = x.size(0)
            # This doesn't actually do anything
            if guard_size_oblivious(y == 0):
                return torch.randn(1)
            else:
                return torch.randn(2)

        # Should not fail in either case
        self.assertEqual(f(torch.randn(0)).shape, (1,))
        self.assertEqual(f(torch.randn(2)).shape, (2,))

    def _test_compile_model_free(self, model_inp_ctr, weakref_watch):
        """
        Args:
        model_inp_ctr
            - constructor that returns a new model and inputs to that model
        weakref_watch
            - function that returns a layer of the model for weakref to
              finalize on, so we can check that the layer is freed after
              the model goes out of scope
        """
        cleared = False

        def finalize():
            nonlocal cleared
            cleared = True

        def run():
            mod, inp = model_inp_ctr()
            weakref.finalize(weakref_watch(mod), finalize)
            torch.compile(mod, backend="eager")(inp)

        run()
        gc.collect()
        self.assertTrue(cleared)

    def test_custom_module_free(self):
        """Test that a model is freed when it goes out of scope"""

        class Mod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super(Mod, self).__init__()
                self.fc = torch.nn.Linear(100, 100)

            def forward(self, out):
                return self.fc(out)

        self._test_compile_model_free(
            lambda: (Mod(), torch.randn(100, 100)),
            lambda mod: mod.fc,
        )

    def test_sequential_module_free(self):
        self._test_compile_model_free(
            lambda: (
                torch.nn.Sequential(
                    torch.nn.Linear(100, 100),
                    torch.nn.ReLU(),
                ),
                torch.randn(100, 100),
            ),
            lambda mod: mod[0],
        )

    def test_linear_module_free(self):
        self._test_compile_model_free(
            lambda: (torch.nn.Linear(100, 100), torch.randn(100, 100)),
            lambda mod: mod,
        )

    # The following 2 tests fail due to https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118013.
    # Tracked by https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/124302.
    # The xfails can be removed once Python 3.12 is updated on CI.
    @xfailIfPy312
    def test_outside_linear_module_free(self):
        # Compared to test_linear_module_free, the linear
        # layer is not the code object that is directly compiled.

        # This test does not use _test_compile_model_free because of difficulty
        # in handling variable fc.

        fc = torch.nn.Linear(100, 100)

        class Mod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.fc_ref = fc

            def forward(self, x):
                return self.fc_ref(x[0])

        cleared = False

        def finalize():
            nonlocal cleared
            cleared = True

        def run():
            mod = Mod()
            inp = torch.randn(100, 100)
            weakref.finalize(mod.fc_ref, finalize)
            torch.compile(mod, backend="eager")(inp)

        run()
        del fc  # This should delete all the references
        gc.collect()
        self.assertTrue(cleared)

    @xfailIfPy312
    def test_parameter_free(self):
        def model_inp_ctr():
            param = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.randn(100, 100))

            class Mod(torch.nn.Module):
                def __init__(self):
                    super().__init__()
                    self.param = param

                def forward(self, x):
                    return self.param * x[0]

            # return param to keep it alive in _test_compile_model_free
            return Mod(), (torch.randn(100, 100), param)

        self._test_compile_model_free(model_inp_ctr, lambda mod: mod.param)

    def test_conditional_list_comp_in_context(self):
        def fn(inp):
            try:
                return [torch.sin(x) for x in inp if x is not None]
            except Exception:
                pass

        inp = [torch.randn(3, 3) for _ in range(3)] + [None]
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        opt_fn(inp)

    def test_312_binary_slice_with_graph_break1(self):
        l1 = torch.nn.Linear(5, 5)
        l2 = torch.nn.Linear(5, 5)

        def fn(x):
            # causes a graph break with items in the stack
            n = torch.nn.Sequential(l1, l2)
            out = n[1:](x)
            return out

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        opt_fn(torch.randn(5, 5))

    def test_312_binary_slice_with_graph_break2(self):
        class Foo:
            def __setitem__(self, key, val):
                pass

            def __getitem__(self, key):
                torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                return 1

        foo = Foo()

        def fn(x):
            # graph break in a STORE_SLICE instruction
            foo[:] = x
            # graph break in BINARY_SLICE with has_backedge check
            x = x + foo[:]
            if x is None:
                x = x + 1
            else:
                x = x + 1
            return x

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        opt_fn(torch.randn(5, 5))

    def test_super_after_graph_break(self):
        class Foo(torch.nn.Sequential):
            def __init__(self, layers):
                torch._dynamo.graph_break()
                super().__init__(*layers)

        def fn(x):
            layers = [torch.nn.Linear(3, 3) for _ in range(3)]
            mod = Foo(layers)
            return mod(x)

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        opt_fn(torch.randn(3, 3))

    def test_load_fast_and_clear_graph_break(self):
        # Can result in a segfault in 3.12+ if LOAD_FAST_AND_CLEAR
        # is not handled properly in a graph break
        def fn():
            out = torch.cat([torch.randn(r, 5) for r in range(3)])
            torch._dynamo.graph_break()
            out = torch.cat([torch.randn(r, 5) for r in range(3)])
            return out

        self.assertEqual(torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)().shape, (3, 5))

    def test_raises_importerror1(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x):
            try:
                import some_module_that_surely_does_not_exist

                return
            except ImportError:
                pass
            return x.sin()

        x = torch.randn(8)
        self.assertEqual(fn(x), x.sin())

    def test_raises_importerror2(self):
        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x):
            import some_module_that_surely_does_not_exist

            return x + 1

        x = torch.randn(8)
        with self.assertRaises(ImportError):
            fn(x)

    def test_dynamo_cache_move_to_front(self):
        def fn(x, const):
            return x + const

        # dynamic=False forces Dynamo to recompile
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager", dynamic=False)

        inp = torch.randn(3, 3)

        # NOTE: assumes that each cache entry is guarded
        # on unique Mod instance
        opt_fn(inp, 1)
        opt_fn(inp, 2)
        opt_fn(inp, 3)

        c1 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c1), 3)

        # move cache entry to front
        opt_fn(inp, 2)
        c2 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertIs(c1[1], c2[0])

    def test_dynamo_cache_invalidate(self):
        class Mod(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super(Mod, self).__init__()
                self.fc = torch.nn.Linear(3, 3)

            def forward(self, out):
                return self.fc(out)

        def fn(x, mod):
            return mod(x)

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")

        m1 = Mod()
        m2 = Mod()
        m3 = Mod()
        inp = torch.randn(3, 3)

        # NOTE: assumes that each cache entry is guarded
        # on unique Mod instance
        opt_fn(inp, m1)
        opt_fn(inp, m2)
        opt_fn(inp, m3)

        c1 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c1), 3)

        # move cache entry to front
        opt_fn(inp, m2)
        c2 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertIs(c1[1], c2[0])

        # delete center of cache
        del m3
        c3 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c3), 2)
        self.assertIs(c3[0], c2[0])
        self.assertIs(c3[1], c2[2])

        # delete end of cache
        del m1
        c4 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c4), 1)
        self.assertIs(c4[0], c3[0])

        del m2
        c5 = _debug_get_cache_entry_list(fn.__code__)
        self.assertEqual(len(c5), 0)

    def test_grad_none(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            x.grad = torch.abs(y)
            x.grad.add_(y)
            return torch.abs(y)

        y = torch.arange(4).reshape(2, 2).to(torch.float)
        x = torch.randn(2, 2)
        x.grad = None

        z = fn(x, y)
        ref_y = torch.clone(z).detach()
        ref_x_grad = torch.clone(x.grad).detach()

        y = torch.arange(4).reshape(2, 2).to(torch.float)
        x = torch.randn(2, 2)
        x.grad = None

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend="eager")
        z = opt_fn(x, y)
        self.assertEqual(z, ref_y)
        self.assertEqual(x.grad, ref_x_grad)

    def test_grad_non_none(self):
        def fn(x, y):
            x.grad.add_(y)
            return torch.abs(y)

        y = torch.ones(2, 2)
        x = torch.randn(2, 2)
        x.grad = torch.arange(4).reshape(2, 2).to(torch.float)

        z = fn(x, y)
        ref_y = torch.clone(z).detach()
        ref_x_grad = torch.clone(x.grad).detach()

        y = torch.ones(2, 2)
        x = torch.randn(2, 2)
        x.grad = torch.arange(4).reshape(2, 2).to(torch.float)

        cnt = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounterWithBackend("eager")
        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend=cnt)
        z = opt_fn(x, y)

        # Ensure that the generated graph returns only one output. We want the
        # add_ on the grad to be part of the graph itself, so that inductor can
        # theoretically move the add_ and resutling copy_ nodes at the right
        # place to free memory.
        self.assertEqual(len(list(cnt.graphs[0].graph.nodes)[-1].all_input_nodes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(z, ref_y)
        self.assertEqual(x.grad, ref_x_grad)

    def test_new_with_int_list(self):
        # Make sure torch.Tensor.new(int argument list) behaves the same on dynamo.
        def fn(x):
            return x.new(*x.size()) + 5

        optfn = torch.compile(backend="eager")(fn)

        x = torch.arange(10).view(2, 5)

        expected = fn(x)
        actual = optfn(x)

        self.assertEqual(expected.dtype, actual.dtype)
        self.assertEqual(expected.shape, actual.shape)
        self.assertEqual(expected.stride(), actual.stride())
        self.assertEqual(expected.storage_offset(), actual.storage_offset())

    @torch._dynamo.config.patch(guard_nn_modules=True)
    def test_hasattr_nn_module_guard(self):
        class M(torch.nn.Module):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__()
                self.a = torch.nn.Linear(3, 3)

            def forward(self, x):
                if hasattr(self, "a"):
                    return self.a(x)
                else:
                    return x

        m = M()
        x = torch.randn(3, 3)
        ref = m(x)

        opt_m = torch.compile(backend="eager")(m)
        res = opt_m(x)
        self.assertEqual(ref, res)

    def test_ordered_dict_move_to_end(self):
        d = {
            "foo": 1,
            "bar": 2,
        }

        d = collections.OrderedDict(d)
        d.move_to_end("foo")

        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, d):
            return x * d["foo"] * d["bar"]

        fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            fn(torch.randn(4), d)

    def test_defaultdict(self):
        d = collections.defaultdict()
        d["foo"] = 1
        d["bar"] = 2

        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, d):
            return x * d["foo"] * d["bar"]

        fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            fn(torch.randn(4), d)

    def test_custom_dict(self):
        class MyDict(dict):
            pass

        d = {
            "foo": 1,
            "bar": 2,
        }

        d = MyDict(d)

        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, d):
            return x * d["foo"] * d["bar"]

        fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            fn(torch.randn(4), d)

    def test_custom_iter_dict(self):
        class ReversedDict(dict):
            def __iter__(self):
                return reversed(list(self.keys()))

        d = {
            "foo": 1,
            "bar": 2,
        }

        d = ReversedDict(d)

        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, d):
            return x * d["foo"] * d["bar"]

        fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            fn(torch.randn(4), d)

    def test_custom_keys_iter_dict(self):
        class ReversedDict(dict):
            def keys(self):
                return ["bar", "foo"]

        d = {
            "foo": 1,
            "bar": 2,
        }

        d = ReversedDict(d)

        @torch.compile(backend="eager")
        def fn(x, d):
            return x * d["foo"] * d["bar"]

        fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        with unittest.mock.patch("torch._dynamo.config.error_on_recompile", True):
            fn(torch.randn(4), d)

    def test_dict_guard_on_keys_order(self):
        d = {
            2: 4,
            3: 5,
        }

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x, d):
            for key, value in d.items():
                x = x * key + value
            return x

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend=cnts)
        opt_fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        opt_fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        # No recompilation
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        # move 2 to the end
        d[2] = d.pop(2)

        x = torch.randn(4)
        res = opt_fn(x, d)
        # Check recompilation
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(res, fn(x, d))

    def test_dict_guard_on_keys_order2(self):
        d = {
            2: 4,
            3: 5,
        }

        cnts = torch._dynamo.testing.CompileCounter()

        def fn(x, d):
            for key in d:
                value = d[key]
                x = x * key + value
            return x

        opt_fn = torch.compile(fn, backend=cnts)
        opt_fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        opt_fn(torch.randn(4), d)
        # No recompilation
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 1)

        # move 2 to the end
        d[2] = d.pop(2)

        x = torch.randn(4)
        res = opt_fn(x, d)
        # Check recompilation
        self.assertEqual(cnts.frame_count, 2)
        self.assertEqual(res, fn(x, d))


class TestTracer(JitTestCase):
    def test_jit_save(self):
        def fn():
            class Foo(torch.nn.Module):
                def __init__(self):
                    super().__init__()
                    self.a = 3

                @torch.jit.export
                def __getstate__(self):
                    return (3, self.training)

                @torch.jit.export
                def __setstate__(self, state):
                    self.a = state[0]
                    self.training = state[1]

                def forward(self, x):
                    return x + self.a

            f = Foo()

            return torch.jit.trace(f, (torch.rand(3, 4),))

        fn()
        opt_fn = torch._dynamo.optimize("eager")(fn)
        opt_fn()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    from torch._dynamo.test_case import run_tests

    run_tests()