- Before adding bridge
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:45]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:267 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:249619 (249.6 KB) TX bytes:25645 (25.6 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Add a bridge sudo ovs-vsctl add-br mybridge, it has a default port, named as bridge name: mybridge.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:46]$ sudo ovs-vsctl add-br mybridge
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:47]$ sudo ovs-vsctl show
873c293e-912d-4067-82ad-d1116d2ad39f
Bridge mybridge
Port mybridge
Interface mybridge
type: internal
ovs_version: "2.3.90"
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:47]$ sudo ifconfig mybridge up
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:49]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:267 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:249619 (249.6 KB) TX bytes:25645 (25.6 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
mybridge Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 12:4a:c5:3d:ed:46
inet6 addr: fe80::104a:c5ff:fe3d:ed46/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:49]$
This creates a bridge without connecting to outside yet.
Add port (eth0) to the bridge,
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[20:49]$ sudo ovs-vsctl add-port mybridge eth0
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[21:47]$ sudo ovs-vsctl show
873c293e-912d-4067-82ad-d1116d2ad39f
Bridge mybridge
Port mybridge
Interface mybridge
type: internal
Port "eth0"
Interface "eth0"
ovs_version: "2.3.90"
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[21:48]$
We cannot reach internet yet.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:15]$ ping google.com
ping: unknown host google.com
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:16]$ ping 8.8.8.8 -c2
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 10.0.2.15 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 10.0.2.15 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 0 received, +2 errors, 100% packet loss, time 999ms
pipe 2
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:16]$
Our current routing table
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:16]$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
10.0.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:22]$
To fix this problem,
- remove ifconfig of eth0
ifconfig eth0 0We show before and after below,
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:34]$ ifconfig # <<<<before
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 # <<<<remove this
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:397 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:317 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:252619 (252.6 KB) TX bytes:28665 (28.6 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB) TX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB)
mybridge Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet6 addr: fe80::104a:c5ff:fe3d:ed46/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:50 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3000 (3.0 KB) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:37]$ sudo ifconfig eth0 0
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:37]$ ifconfig # after
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:397 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:317 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:252619 (252.6 KB) TX bytes:28665 (28.6 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB) TX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB)
mybridge Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet6 addr: fe80::104a:c5ff:fe3d:ed46/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:50 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3000 (3.0 KB) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:37]$
- make mybridge as dhcp-client and use it ipaddress as default gateway.
dhclient mybridge
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:50]$ sudo dhclient mybridge
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[00:51]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:399 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:319 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:253799 (253.7 KB) TX bytes:29349 (29.3 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB) TX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB)
mybridge Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 <<<<added this
inet6 addr: fe80::104a:c5ff:fe3d:ed46/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:52 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:4180 (4.1 KB) TX bytes:1332 (1.3 KB)
Now, we can reach internet.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:05]$ ping google.com -c2
PING google.com (74.125.239.133) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from nuq05s02-in-f5.1e100.net (74.125.239.133): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=46.9 ms
64 bytes from nuq05s02-in-f5.1e100.net (74.125.239.133): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=29.0 ms
--- google.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 29.076/38.000/46.925/8.926 ms
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:06]$
We can check our configuration too. The default router is set to mybridge.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:06]$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 mybridge #<<
10.0.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 mybridge
Add two vports and turn them up.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:12]$ sudo ip tuntap add mode tap vport1
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:23]$ sudo ip tuntap add mode tap vport2
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:23]$ sudo ifconfig vport1 up
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:24]$ sudo ifconfig vport2 up
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:25]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:3a91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:411 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:331 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:255312 (255.3 KB) TX bytes:30407 (30.4 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB) TX bytes:6006 (6.0 KB)
mybridge Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:3a:91
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::104a:c5ff:fe3d:ed46/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:64 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:5693 (5.6 KB) TX bytes:2372 (2.3 KB)
vport1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr ea:8a:d4:6b:bc:c7
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:500
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
vport2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e6:f2:24:db:bb:1b
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:500
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
We can add these two ports to mybridge. sudo ovs-vsctl add-port mybridge vport1 -- add-port mybridge vport2
and -- in ovs-vsctl is to allow multiple commands to follow.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:25]$ sudo ovs-vsctl add-port mybridge vport1 -- add-port mybridge vport2
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:32]$ sudo ovs-vsctl show
873c293e-912d-4067-82ad-d1116d2ad39f
Bridge mybridge
Port mybridge
Interface mybridge
type: internal
Port "eth0"
Interface "eth0"
Port "vport2"
Interface "vport2"
Port "vport1"
Interface "vport1"
ovs_version: "2.3.90"
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:33]$
Port can have multiple interfaces and can be used to create bond. We will connect them to 2 vms.
Like the first trial, I did not get this part to work, it is possible I used wifi, not eth0. After I did more investigation, the bridge is up, but there is no ip address in my exercise.
Update bridge need to be created in VirtualBox Manager and added to VM setting before launching VM. After VM is up, we need to do modify /etc/network/interface file by adding auto eth1 and eth1 dhclient??.
I will use screenshot as reference.
To check what is in flow table. This is a default entry.
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[01:33]$ sudo ovs-ofctl dump-flows mybridge
NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4):
cookie=0x0, duration=26116.216s, table=0, n_packets=86, n_bytes=8065, idle_age=12335, priority=0 actions=NORMAL
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[09:19]$
To find out what in the database, ovs-vsctl list table-X, table-X <- [Bridge|Port|Interface]
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[09:19]$ sudo ovs-vsctl list Bridge
_uuid : 3dc54a12-1921-46ed-adca-23695a217709
controller : []
datapath_id : "0000080027a83a91"
datapath_type : ""
datapath_version : "2.3.90"
external_ids : {}
fail_mode : []
flood_vlans : []
flow_tables : {}
ipfix : []
mcast_snooping_enable: false
mirrors : []
name : mybridge
netflow : []
other_config : {}
ports : [16125615-046f-4d8a-8cb4-62b880a44cba, 8ee35123-b457-4f6d-b82c-a3868c35f809, ac9a048c-a946-4b63-95a3-ca5e940ef500, e5ceb98e-d51e-4cab-972b-6b0a9c5ea5f9]
protocols : []
rstp_enable : false
rstp_status : {}
sflow : []
status : {}
stp_enable : false
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[09:29]$
About ports, sudo ovs-vsctl list Port | more
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[09:42]$ sudo ovs-vsctl list Port | more
_uuid : ac9a048c-a946-4b63-95a3-ca5e940ef500
bond_active_slave : []
bond_downdelay : 0
bond_fake_iface : false
bond_mode : []
bond_updelay : 0
external_ids : {}
fake_bridge : false
interfaces : [746be08f-55fe-4f53-919c-a74693921602]
lacp : []
mac : []
name : "vport2"
other_config : {}
qos : []
rstp_statistics : {}
rstp_status : {}
statistics : {}
status : {}
tag : []
trunks : []
vlan_mode : []
_uuid : 16125615-046f-4d8a-8cb4-62b880a44cba
bond_active_slave : []
...
About Interface, sudo ovs-vsctl list Interface | more
ubuntu@sdnhubvm:~[09:44]$ sudo ovs-vsctl list Interface | more
_uuid : cd03fd78-97d5-48ac-8fae-88a0f2854aca
admin_state : up
bfd : {}
bfd_status : {}
cfm_fault : []
cfm_fault_status : []
cfm_flap_count : []
cfm_health : []
cfm_mpid : []
cfm_remote_mpids : []
cfm_remote_opstate : []
duplex : full
error : []
external_ids : {}
ifindex : 2
ingress_policing_burst: 0
ingress_policing_rate: 0
lacp_current : []
link_resets : 22
link_speed : 1000000000
link_state : up
mac : []
mac_in_use : "08:00:27:a8:3a:91"
mtu : 1500
name : "eth0"
ofport : 1
ofport_request : []
options : {}
other_config : {}
statistics : {collisions=0, rx_bytes=255312, rx_crc_err=0, rx_dropped=0, rx_errors=0, rx
_frame_err=0, rx_over_err=0, rx_packets=411, tx_bytes=30407, tx_dropped=0, tx_errors=0, tx_packet
s=331}
status : {driver_name="e1000", driver_version="7.3.21-k8-NAPI", firmware_version=""}
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