/
example1.py
240 lines (180 loc) · 6.81 KB
/
example1.py
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
from default_mutable.DefaultMutable import defaultMutable
'''
Python’s default arguments are evaluated once when the function is defined, not each time the function is called (like it is in say, Ruby).
This means that if you use a mutable default argument and mutate it, you will and have mutated that object for all future calls to the function as well.
'''
def function1(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function1:')
function1(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function1(idx= 2) # 2 {'a1': 'a1', 'a2': 'a2'} ['a', 'a']
'''
Setting all the arguments with mutable default arguments to an EMPTY dictionary or list
'''
@defaultMutable
def function2(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function2:')
function2(1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function2(2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
Setting all the arguments with mutable default arguments to an EMPTY dictionary or list
'''
@defaultMutable
def function2_2(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['list_init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function2_2:')
function2_2(1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function2_2(2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
When the decorator is executed with not arguments, we get the default behavior (same as "function1")
'''
@defaultMutable()
def function3(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function3:')
function3(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function3(idx= 2) # 2 {'a1': 'a1', 'a2': 'a2'} ['a', 'a']
'''
As no value is passed, the decorator set the default value for "dict1" and "list1" an empty dictionary and empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', 'list1')
def function4(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function4:')
function4(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function4(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
As no value is passed, the decorator set the default value for "dict1" and "list1" an empty dictionary and empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', 'list1')
def function4_2(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function4_2:')
function4_2(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function4_2(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
As no value is passed, the decorator set the default value for "list1" an empty list. "dict1" has the default behavior
'''
@defaultMutable('list1')
def function4_3(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function4_3:')
function4_3(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function4_3(idx= 2) # 2 {'a1': 'a1', 'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
The default values are mutable and "list1" get incremented from one function to the other
'''
def function5(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function5:')
function5(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['init', 'a']
function5(idx= 2) # 2 {'a1': 'a1', 'a2': 'a2'} ['init', 'a', 'a']
'''
Default value for "list1" is not an empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', list1= ['init'])
def function6(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function6:')
function6(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['init', 'a']
function6(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['init', 'a']
'''
Default value for "list1" is not an empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', list1= ['init'])
def function7(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function7:')
function7(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['init', 'a']
function7(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['init', 'a']
'''
Default value are empty dictionary and empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', list1= [])
def function7_2(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function7_2:')
function7_2(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function7_2(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
Default value are empty dictionary and empty list
'''
@defaultMutable('dict1', 'list1')
def function7_3(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = ['init'], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function7_3:')
function7_3(idx= 1) # 1 {'a1': 'a1'} ['a']
function7_3(idx= 2) # 2 {'a2': 'a2'} ['a']
'''
Default value for "dict1" and "list1" are preset
'''
@defaultMutable(dict1= {'dict_init': 'dict_init'}, list1= ['init'])
def function8(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function8:')
function8(idx= 1) # 1 {'dict_init': 'dict_init', 'a1': 'a1'} ['init', 'a']
function8(idx= 2) # 2 {'dict_init': 'dict_init', 'a2': 'a2'} ['init', 'a']
'''
Passed values are not overridden
'''
@defaultMutable(dict1= {'dict_init': 'dict_init'}, list1= ['init'])
def function9(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function9:')
function9(idx= 1, dict1= {'dict_value': 'dict_value'}, list1= ['list_value']) # 1 {'dict_value': 'dict_value', 'a1': 'a1'} ['list_value', 'a']
function9(idx= 2, dict1= {'dict_value': 'dict_value'}, list1= ['list_value']) # 2 {'dict_value': 'dict_value', 'a2': 'a2'} ['list_value', 'a']
'''
Passed values are not overridden
'''
@defaultMutable(dict1= {'dict_init': 'dict_init'}, list1= ['init'])
def function10(idx, dict1 = {}, list1 = [], element = 'a'):
list1.append(element)
dict1[f'{element}{idx}'] = f'{element}{idx}'
print('', idx, dict1, list1)
print('')
print('function10:')
function10(1, {'dict_value': 'dict_value'}, ['list_value']) # 1 {'dict_value': 'dict_value', 'a1': 'a1'} ['list_value', 'a']
function10(2, {'dict_value': 'dict_value'}, ['list_value']) # 2 {'dict_value': 'dict_value', 'a2': 'a2'} ['list_value', 'a']