forked from schacon/perl
/
handy.h
1875 lines (1593 loc) · 82.4 KB
/
handy.h
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/* handy.h
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000,
* 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2012 by Larry Wall and others
*
* You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
* License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
*
*/
#ifndef HANDY_H /* Guard against nested #inclusion */
#define HANDY_H
#if !defined(__STDC__)
#ifdef NULL
#undef NULL
#endif
# define NULL 0
#endif
#ifndef PERL_CORE
# define Null(type) ((type)NULL)
/*
=head1 Handy Values
=for apidoc AmU||Nullch
Null character pointer. (No longer available when C<PERL_CORE> is defined.)
=for apidoc AmU||Nullsv
Null SV pointer. (No longer available when C<PERL_CORE> is defined.)
=cut
*/
# define Nullch Null(char*)
# define Nullfp Null(PerlIO*)
# define Nullsv Null(SV*)
#endif
#ifdef TRUE
#undef TRUE
#endif
#ifdef FALSE
#undef FALSE
#endif
#define TRUE (1)
#define FALSE (0)
/* The MUTABLE_*() macros cast pointers to the types shown, in such a way
* (compiler permitting) that casting away const-ness will give a warning;
* e.g.:
*
* const SV *sv = ...;
* AV *av1 = (AV*)sv; <== BAD: the const has been silently cast away
* AV *av2 = MUTABLE_AV(sv); <== GOOD: it may warn
*/
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
# define MUTABLE_PTR(p) ({ void *_p = (p); _p; })
#else
# define MUTABLE_PTR(p) ((void *) (p))
#endif
#define MUTABLE_AV(p) ((AV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#define MUTABLE_CV(p) ((CV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#define MUTABLE_GV(p) ((GV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#define MUTABLE_HV(p) ((HV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#define MUTABLE_IO(p) ((IO *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#define MUTABLE_SV(p) ((SV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
#if defined(I_STDBOOL) && !defined(PERL_BOOL_AS_CHAR)
# include <stdbool.h>
# ifndef HAS_BOOL
# define HAS_BOOL 1
# endif
#endif
/* bool is built-in for g++-2.6.3 and later, which might be used
for extensions. <_G_config.h> defines _G_HAVE_BOOL, but we can't
be sure _G_config.h will be included before this file. _G_config.h
also defines _G_HAVE_BOOL for both gcc and g++, but only g++
actually has bool. Hence, _G_HAVE_BOOL is pretty useless for us.
g++ can be identified by __GNUG__.
Andy Dougherty February 2000
*/
#ifdef __GNUG__ /* GNU g++ has bool built-in */
# ifndef PERL_BOOL_AS_CHAR
# ifndef HAS_BOOL
# define HAS_BOOL 1
# endif
# endif
#endif
/* The NeXT dynamic loader headers will not build with the bool macro
So declare them now to clear confusion.
*/
#if defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__)
# undef FALSE
# undef TRUE
typedef enum bool { FALSE = 0, TRUE = 1 } bool;
# define ENUM_BOOL 1
# ifndef HAS_BOOL
# define HAS_BOOL 1
# endif /* !HAS_BOOL */
#endif /* NeXT || __NeXT__ */
#ifndef HAS_BOOL
# ifdef bool
# undef bool
# endif
# define bool char
# define HAS_BOOL 1
#endif
/* cast-to-bool. A simple (bool) cast may not do the right thing: if bool is
* defined as char for example, then the cast from int is
* implementation-defined (bool)!!(cbool) in a ternary triggers a bug in xlc on
* AIX */
#define cBOOL(cbool) ((cbool) ? (bool)1 : (bool)0)
/* Try to figure out __func__ or __FUNCTION__ equivalent, if any.
* XXX Should really be a Configure probe, with HAS__FUNCTION__
* and FUNCTION__ as results.
* XXX Similarly, a Configure probe for __FILE__ and __LINE__ is needed. */
#if (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) || (defined(__SUNPRO_C)) /* C99 or close enough. */
# define FUNCTION__ __func__
#else
# if (defined(USING_MSVC6)) || /* MSVC6 has neither __func__ nor __FUNCTION and no good workarounds, either. */ \
(defined(__DECC_VER)) /* Tru64 or VMS, and strict C89 being used, but not modern enough cc (in Tur64, -c99 not known, only -std1). */
# define FUNCTION__ ""
# else
# define FUNCTION__ __FUNCTION__ /* Common extension. */
# endif
#endif
/* XXX A note on the perl source internal type system. The
original intent was that I32 be *exactly* 32 bits.
Currently, we only guarantee that I32 is *at least* 32 bits.
Specifically, if int is 64 bits, then so is I32. (This is the case
for the Cray.) This has the advantage of meshing nicely with
standard library calls (where we pass an I32 and the library is
expecting an int), but the disadvantage that an I32 is not 32 bits.
Andy Dougherty August 1996
There is no guarantee that there is *any* integral type with
exactly 32 bits. It is perfectly legal for a system to have
sizeof(short) == sizeof(int) == sizeof(long) == 8.
Similarly, there is no guarantee that I16 and U16 have exactly 16
bits.
For dealing with issues that may arise from various 32/64-bit
systems, we will ask Configure to check out
SHORTSIZE == sizeof(short)
INTSIZE == sizeof(int)
LONGSIZE == sizeof(long)
LONGLONGSIZE == sizeof(long long) (if HAS_LONG_LONG)
PTRSIZE == sizeof(void *)
DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(double)
LONG_DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(long double) (if HAS_LONG_DOUBLE).
*/
#ifdef I_INTTYPES /* e.g. Linux has int64_t without <inttypes.h> */
# include <inttypes.h>
# ifdef INT32_MIN_BROKEN
# undef INT32_MIN
# define INT32_MIN (-2147483647-1)
# endif
# ifdef INT64_MIN_BROKEN
# undef INT64_MIN
# define INT64_MIN (-9223372036854775807LL-1)
# endif
#endif
typedef I8TYPE I8;
typedef U8TYPE U8;
typedef I16TYPE I16;
typedef U16TYPE U16;
typedef I32TYPE I32;
typedef U32TYPE U32;
#ifdef PERL_CORE
# ifdef HAS_QUAD
typedef I64TYPE I64;
typedef U64TYPE U64;
# endif
#endif /* PERL_CORE */
#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && defined(USE_64_BIT_INT)
# if defined(HAS_LONG_LONG) && QUADKIND == QUAD_IS_LONG_LONG
# define PeRl_INT64_C(c) CAT2(c,LL)
# define PeRl_UINT64_C(c) CAT2(c,ULL)
# else
# if QUADKIND == QUAD_IS___INT64
# define PeRl_INT64_C(c) CAT2(c,I64)
# define PeRl_UINT64_C(c) CAT2(c,UI64)
# else
# if LONGSIZE == 8 && QUADKIND == QUAD_IS_LONG
# define PeRl_INT64_C(c) CAT2(c,L)
# define PeRl_UINT64_C(c) CAT2(c,UL)
# else
# define PeRl_INT64_C(c) ((I64TYPE)(c))
# define PeRl_UINT64_C(c) ((U64TYPE)(c))
# endif
# endif
# endif
# ifndef UINT64_C
# define UINT64_C(c) PeRl_UINT64_C(c)
# endif
# ifndef INT64_C
# define INT64_C(c) PeRl_INT64_C(c)
# endif
#endif
#if defined(UINT8_MAX) && defined(INT16_MAX) && defined(INT32_MAX)
/* I8_MAX and I8_MIN constants are not defined, as I8 is an ambiguous type.
Please search CHAR_MAX in perl.h for further details. */
#define U8_MAX UINT8_MAX
#define U8_MIN UINT8_MIN
#define I16_MAX INT16_MAX
#define I16_MIN INT16_MIN
#define U16_MAX UINT16_MAX
#define U16_MIN UINT16_MIN
#define I32_MAX INT32_MAX
#define I32_MIN INT32_MIN
#ifndef UINT32_MAX_BROKEN /* e.g. HP-UX with gcc messes this up */
# define U32_MAX UINT32_MAX
#else
# define U32_MAX 4294967295U
#endif
#define U32_MIN UINT32_MIN
#else
/* I8_MAX and I8_MIN constants are not defined, as I8 is an ambiguous type.
Please search CHAR_MAX in perl.h for further details. */
#define U8_MAX PERL_UCHAR_MAX
#define U8_MIN PERL_UCHAR_MIN
#define I16_MAX PERL_SHORT_MAX
#define I16_MIN PERL_SHORT_MIN
#define U16_MAX PERL_USHORT_MAX
#define U16_MIN PERL_USHORT_MIN
#if LONGSIZE > 4
# define I32_MAX PERL_INT_MAX
# define I32_MIN PERL_INT_MIN
# define U32_MAX PERL_UINT_MAX
# define U32_MIN PERL_UINT_MIN
#else
# define I32_MAX PERL_LONG_MAX
# define I32_MIN PERL_LONG_MIN
# define U32_MAX PERL_ULONG_MAX
# define U32_MIN PERL_ULONG_MIN
#endif
#endif
/* log(2) is pretty close to 0.30103, just in case anyone is grepping for it */
#define BIT_DIGITS(N) (((N)*146)/485 + 1) /* log2(10) =~ 146/485 */
#define TYPE_DIGITS(T) BIT_DIGITS(sizeof(T) * 8)
#define TYPE_CHARS(T) (TYPE_DIGITS(T) + 2) /* sign, NUL */
#define Ctl(ch) ((ch) & 037)
/*
=head1 SV-Body Allocation
=for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs|const char* s
Like C<newSVpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs_flags|const char* s|U32 flags
Like C<newSVpvn_flags>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length
pair.
=for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs_share|const char* s
Like C<newSVpvn_share>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length
pair and omits the hash parameter.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_flags|SV* sv|const char* s|I32 flags
Like C<sv_catpvn_flags>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_nomg|SV* sv|const char* s
Like C<sv_catpvn_nomg>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs|SV* sv|const char* s
Like C<sv_catpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_mg|SV* sv|const char* s
Like C<sv_catpvn_mg>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_setpvs|SV* sv|const char* s
Like C<sv_setpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|void|sv_setpvs_mg|SV* sv|const char* s
Like C<sv_setpvn_mg>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|SV *|sv_setref_pvs|const char* s
Like C<sv_setref_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=head1 Memory Management
=for apidoc Ama|char*|savepvs|const char* s
Like C<savepvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=for apidoc Ama|char*|savesharedpvs|const char* s
A version of C<savepvs()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
which is shared between threads.
=head1 GV Functions
=for apidoc Am|HV*|gv_stashpvs|const char* name|I32 create
Like C<gv_stashpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
=for apidoc Am|SV**|hv_fetchs|HV* tb|const char* key|I32 lval
Like C<hv_fetch>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair.
=for apidoc Am|SV**|hv_stores|HV* tb|const char* key|NULLOK SV* val
Like C<hv_store>, but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair
and omits the hash parameter.
=head1 Lexer interface
=for apidoc Amx|void|lex_stuff_pvs|const char *pv|U32 flags
Like L</lex_stuff_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
string/length pair.
=cut
*/
/* concatenating with "" ensures that only literal strings are accepted as
* argument */
#define STR_WITH_LEN(s) ("" s ""), (sizeof(s)-1)
/* note that STR_WITH_LEN() can't be used as argument to macros or functions
* that under some configurations might be macros, which means that it requires
* the full Perl_xxx(aTHX_ ...) form for any API calls where it's used.
*/
/* STR_WITH_LEN() shortcuts */
#define newSVpvs(str) Perl_newSVpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define newSVpvs_flags(str,flags) \
Perl_newSVpvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), flags)
#define newSVpvs_share(str) Perl_newSVpvn_share(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), 0)
#define sv_catpvs_flags(sv, str, flags) \
Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), flags)
#define sv_catpvs_nomg(sv, str) \
Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), 0)
#define sv_catpvs(sv, str) \
Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), SV_GMAGIC)
#define sv_catpvs_mg(sv, str) \
Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC)
#define sv_setpvs(sv, str) Perl_sv_setpvn(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define sv_setpvs_mg(sv, str) Perl_sv_setpvn_mg(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define sv_setref_pvs(rv, classname, str) \
Perl_sv_setref_pvn(aTHX_ rv, classname, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define savepvs(str) Perl_savepvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define savesharedpvs(str) Perl_savesharedpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
#define gv_stashpvs(str, create) \
Perl_gv_stashpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), create)
#define gv_fetchpvs(namebeg, add, sv_type) \
Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(namebeg), add, sv_type)
#define gv_fetchpvn(namebeg, len, add, sv_type) \
Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(aTHX_ namebeg, len, add, sv_type)
#define sv_catxmlpvs(dsv, str, utf8) \
Perl_sv_catxmlpvn(aTHX_ dsv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), utf8)
#define hv_fetchs(hv,key,lval) \
((SV **)Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ (hv), NULL, STR_WITH_LEN(key), 0, \
(lval) ? (HV_FETCH_JUST_SV | HV_FETCH_LVALUE) \
: HV_FETCH_JUST_SV, NULL, 0))
#define hv_stores(hv,key,val) \
((SV **)Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ (hv), NULL, STR_WITH_LEN(key), 0, \
(HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_JUST_SV), (val), 0))
#define lex_stuff_pvs(pv,flags) Perl_lex_stuff_pvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(pv), flags)
#define get_cvs(str, flags) \
Perl_get_cvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), (flags))
/*
=head1 Miscellaneous Functions
=for apidoc Am|bool|strNE|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if they are different. Returns true or
false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strEQ|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if they are equal. Returns true or false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strLT|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than the second,
C<s2>. Returns true or false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strLE|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than or equal to the
second, C<s2>. Returns true or false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strGT|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than the second,
C<s2>. Returns true or false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strGE|char* s1|char* s2
Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than or equal to
the second, C<s2>. Returns true or false.
=for apidoc Am|bool|strnNE|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
Test two strings to see if they are different. The C<len> parameter
indicates the number of bytes to compare. Returns true or false. (A
wrapper for C<strncmp>).
=for apidoc Am|bool|strnEQ|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
Test two strings to see if they are equal. The C<len> parameter indicates
the number of bytes to compare. Returns true or false. (A wrapper for
C<strncmp>).
=cut
*/
#define strNE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2))
#define strEQ(s1,s2) (!strcmp(s1,s2))
#define strLT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) < 0)
#define strLE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) <= 0)
#define strGT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) > 0)
#define strGE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) >= 0)
#define strnNE(s1,s2,l) (strncmp(s1,s2,l))
#define strnEQ(s1,s2,l) (!strncmp(s1,s2,l))
#ifdef HAS_MEMCMP
# define memNE(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l))
# define memEQ(s1,s2,l) (!memcmp(s1,s2,l))
#else
# define memNE(s1,s2,l) (bcmp(s1,s2,l))
# define memEQ(s1,s2,l) (!bcmp(s1,s2,l))
#endif
#define memEQs(s1, l, s2) \
(sizeof(s2)-1 == l && memEQ(s1, ("" s2 ""), (sizeof(s2)-1)))
#define memNEs(s1, l, s2) !memEQs(s1, l, s2)
/*
* Character classes.
*
* Unfortunately, the introduction of locales means that we
* can't trust isupper(), etc. to tell the truth. And when
* it comes to /\w+/ with tainting enabled, we *must* be able
* to trust our character classes.
*
* Therefore, the default tests in the text of Perl will be
* independent of locale. Any code that wants to depend on
* the current locale will use the tests that begin with "lc".
*/
#ifdef HAS_SETLOCALE /* XXX Is there a better test for this? */
# ifndef CTYPE256
# define CTYPE256
# endif
#endif
/*
=head1 Character classes
This section is about functions (really macros) that classify characters
into types, such as punctuation versus alphabetic, etc. Most of these are
analogous to regular expression character classes. (See
L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character Classes>.) There are several variants for
each class. (Not all macros have all variants; each item below lists the
ones valid for it.) None are affected by C<use bytes>, and only the ones
with C<LC> in the name are affected by the current locale.
The base function, e.g., C<isALPHA()>, takes an octet (either a C<char> or a
C<U8>) as input and returns a boolean as to whether or not the character
represented by that octet is (or on non-ASCII platforms, corresponds to) an
ASCII character in the named class based on platform, Unicode, and Perl rules.
If the input is a number that doesn't fit in an octet, FALSE is returned.
Variant C<isFOO_A> (e.g., C<isALPHA_A()>) is identical to the base function
with no suffix C<"_A">.
Variant C<isFOO_L1> imposes the Latin-1 (or EBCDIC equivlalent) character set
onto the platform. That is, the code points that are ASCII are unaffected,
since ASCII is a subset of Latin-1. But the non-ASCII code points are treated
as if they are Latin-1 characters. For example, C<isWORDCHAR_L1()> will return
true when called with the code point 0xDF, which is a word character in both
ASCII and EBCDIC (though it represent different characters in each).
Variant C<isFOO_uni> is like the C<isFOO_L1> variant, but accepts any UV code
point as input. If the code point is larger than 255, Unicode rules are used
to determine if it is in the character class. For example,
C<isWORDCHAR_uni(0x100)> returns TRUE, since 0x100 is LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A
WITH MACRON in Unicode, and is a word character.
Variant C<isFOO_utf8> is like C<isFOO_uni>, but the input is a pointer to a
(known to be well-formed) UTF-8 encoded string (C<U8*> or C<char*>). The
classification of just the first (possibly multi-byte) character in the string
is tested.
Variant C<isFOO_LC> is like the C<isFOO_A> and C<isFOO_L1> variants, but uses
the C library function that gives the named classification instead of
hard-coded rules. For example, C<isDIGIT_LC()> returns the result of calling
C<isdigit()>. This means that the result is based on the current locale, which
is what C<LC> in the name stands for. FALSE is always returned if the input
won't fit into an octet.
Variant C<isFOO_LC_uvchr> is like C<isFOO_LC>, but is defined on any UV. It
returns the same as C<isFOO_LC> for input code points less than 256, and
returns the hard-coded, not-affected-by-locale, Unicode results for larger ones.
Variant C<isFOO_LC_utf8> is like C<isFOO_LC_uvchr>, but the input is a pointer to a
(known to be well-formed) UTF-8 encoded string (C<U8*> or C<char*>). The
classification of just the first (possibly multi-byte) character in the string
is tested.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isALPHA|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is an
alphabetic character, analogous to C<m/[[:alpha:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isALPHA_A>, C<isALPHA_L1>, C<isALPHA_uni>, C<isALPHA_utf8>, C<isALPHA_LC>,
C<isALPHA_LC_uvchr>, and C<isALPHA_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isALPHANUMERIC|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a either an
alphabetic character or decimal digit, analogous to C<m/[[:alnum:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isALPHANUMERIC_A>, C<isALPHANUMERIC_L1>, C<isALPHANUMERIC_uni>,
C<isALPHANUMERIC_utf8>, C<isALPHANUMERIC_LC>, C<isALPHANUMERIC_LC_uvchr>, and
C<isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isASCII|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is one of the 128
characters in the ASCII character set, analogous to C<m/[[:ascii:]]/>.
On non-ASCII platforms, it returns TRUE iff this
character corresponds to an ASCII character. Variants C<isASCII_A()> and
C<isASCII_L1()> are identical to C<isASCII()>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isASCII_uni>, C<isASCII_utf8>, C<isASCII_LC>, C<isASCII_LC_uvchr>, and
C<isASCII_LC_utf8>. Note, however, that some platforms do not have the C
library routine C<isascii()>. In these cases, the variants whose names contain
C<LC> are the same as the corresponding ones without.
Also note, that because all ASCII characters are UTF-8 invariant (meaning they
have the exact same representation (always a single byte) whether encoded in
UTF-8 or not), C<isASCII> will give the correct results when called with any
byte in any string encoded or not in UTF-8. And similarly C<isASCII_utf8> will
work properly on any string encoded or not in UTF-8.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isBLANK|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
character considered to be a blank, analogous to C<m/[[:blank:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isBLANK_A>, C<isBLANK_L1>, C<isBLANK_uni>, C<isBLANK_utf8>, C<isBLANK_LC>,
C<isBLANK_LC_uvchr>, and C<isBLANK_LC_utf8>. Note, however, that some
platforms do not have the C library routine C<isblank()>. In these cases, the
variants whose names contain C<LC> are the same as the corresponding ones
without.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isCNTRL|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
control character, analogous to C<m/[[:cntrl:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isCNTRL_A>, C<isCNTRL_L1>, C<isCNTRL_uni>, C<isCNTRL_utf8>, C<isCNTRL_LC>,
C<isCNTRL_LC_uvchr>, and C<isCNTRL_LC_utf8>
On EBCDIC platforms, you almost always want to use the C<isCNTRL_L1> variant.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isDIGIT|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
digit, analogous to C<m/[[:digit:]]/>.
Variants C<isDIGIT_A> and C<isDIGIT_L1> are identical to C<isDIGIT>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isDIGIT_uni>, C<isDIGIT_utf8>, C<isDIGIT_LC>, C<isDIGIT_LC_uvchr>, and
C<isDIGIT_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isGRAPH|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
graphic character, analogous to C<m/[[:graph:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isGRAPH_A>, C<isGRAPH_L1>, C<isGRAPH_uni>, C<isGRAPH_utf8>, C<isGRAPH_LC>,
C<isGRAPH_LC_uvchr>, and C<isGRAPH_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isLOWER|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
lowercase character, analogous to C<m/[[:lower:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isLOWER_A>, C<isLOWER_L1>, C<isLOWER_uni>, C<isLOWER_utf8>, C<isLOWER_LC>,
C<isLOWER_LC_uvchr>, and C<isLOWER_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isOCTAL|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is an
octal digit, [0-7].
The only two variants are C<isOCTAL_A> and C<isOCTAL_L1>; each is identical to
C<isOCTAL>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isPUNCT|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
punctuation character, analogous to C<m/[[:punct:]]/>.
Note that the definition of what is punctuation isn't as
straightforward as one might desire. See L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character
Classes> for details.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isPUNCT_A>, C<isPUNCT_L1>, C<isPUNCT_uni>, C<isPUNCT_utf8>, C<isPUNCT_LC>,
C<isPUNCT_LC_uvchr>, and C<isPUNCT_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isSPACE|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
whitespace character. This is analogous
to what C<m/\s/> matches in a regular expression. Starting in Perl 5.18
(experimentally), this also matches what C<m/[[:space:]]/> does.
("Experimentally" means that this change may be backed out in 5.20 or 5.22 if
field experience indicates that it was unwise.) Prior to 5.18, only the
locale forms of this macro (the ones with C<LC> in their names) matched
precisely what C<m/[[:space:]]/> does. In those releases, the only difference,
in the non-locale variants, was that C<isSPACE()> did not match a vertical tab.
(See L</isPSXSPC> for a macro that matches a vertical tab in all releases.)
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isSPACE_A>, C<isSPACE_L1>, C<isSPACE_uni>, C<isSPACE_utf8>, C<isSPACE_LC>,
C<isSPACE_LC_uvchr>, and C<isSPACE_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isPSXSPC|char ch
(short for Posix Space)
Starting in 5.18, this is identical (experimentally) in all its forms to the
corresponding C<isSPACE()> macros. ("Experimentally" means that this change
may be backed out in 5.20 or 5.22 if field experience indicates that it
was unwise.)
The locale forms of this macro are identical to their corresponding
C<isSPACE()> forms in all Perl releases. In releases prior to 5.18, the
non-locale forms differ from their C<isSPACE()> forms only in that the
C<isSPACE()> forms don't match a Vertical Tab, and the C<isPSXSPC()> forms do.
Otherwise they are identical. Thus this macro is analogous to what
C<m/[[:space:]]/> matches in a regular expression.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isPSXSPC_A>, C<isPSXSPC_L1>, C<isPSXSPC_uni>, C<isPSXSPC_utf8>, C<isPSXSPC_LC>,
C<isPSXSPC_LC_uvchr>, and C<isPSXSPC_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isUPPER|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is an
uppercase character, analogous to C<m/[[:upper:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isUPPER_A>, C<isUPPER_L1>, C<isUPPER_uni>, C<isUPPER_utf8>, C<isUPPER_LC>,
C<isUPPER_LC_uvchr>, and C<isUPPER_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isPRINT|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
printable character, analogous to C<m/[[:print:]]/>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isPRINT_A>, C<isPRINT_L1>, C<isPRINT_uni>, C<isPRINT_utf8>, C<isPRINT_LC>,
C<isPRINT_LC_uvchr>, and C<isPRINT_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isWORDCHAR|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a character
that is a word character, analogous to what C<m/\w/> and C<m/[[:word:]]/> match
in a regular expression. A word character is an alphabetic character, a
decimal digit, a connecting punctuation character (such as an underscore), or
a "mark" character that attaches to one of those (like some sort of accent).
C<isALNUM()> is a synonym provided for backward compatibility, even though a
word character includes more than the standard C language meaning of
alphanumeric.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isWORDCHAR_A>, C<isWORDCHAR_L1>, C<isWORDCHAR_uni>, C<isWORDCHAR_utf8>,
C<isWORDCHAR_LC>, C<isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr>, and C<isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isXDIGIT|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a hexadecimal
digit. In the ASCII range these are C<[0-9A-Fa-f]>. Variants C<isXDIGIT_A()>
and C<isXDIGIT_L1()> are identical to C<isXDIGIT()>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isXDIGIT_uni>, C<isXDIGIT_utf8>, C<isXDIGIT_LC>, C<isXDIGIT_LC_uvchr>, and
C<isXDIGIT_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isIDFIRST|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character can be the first
character of an identifier. This is very close to, but not quite the same as
the official Unicode property C<XID_Start>. The difference is that this
returns true only if the input character also matches L</isWORDCHAR>.
See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an explanation of variants
C<isIDFIRST_A>, C<isIDFIRST_L1>, C<isIDFIRST_uni>, C<isIDFIRST_utf8>,
C<isIDFIRST_LC>, C<isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr>, and C<isIDFIRST_LC_utf8>.
=for apidoc Am|bool|isIDCONT|char ch
Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character can be the
second or succeeding character of an identifier. This is very close to, but
not quite the same as the official Unicode property C<XID_Continue>. The
difference is that this returns true only if the input character also matches
L</isWORDCHAR>. See the L<top of this section|/Character classes> for an
explanation of variants C<isIDCONT_A>, C<isIDCONT_L1>, C<isIDCONT_uni>,
C<isIDCONT_utf8>, C<isIDCONT_LC>, C<isIDCONT_LC_uvchr>, and
C<isIDCONT_LC_utf8>.
=head1 Miscellaneous Functions
=for apidoc Am|U8|READ_XDIGIT|char str*
Returns the value of an ASCII-range hex digit and advances the string pointer.
Behaviour is only well defined when isXDIGIT(*str) is true.
=head1 Character case changing
=for apidoc Am|U8|toUPPER|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to uppercase. If the input is anything but an
ASCII lowercase character, that input character itself is returned. Variant
C<toUPPER_A> is equivalent.
=for apidoc Am|UV|toUPPER_uni|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the Unicode code point C<cp> to its uppercase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the uppercase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the uppercased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toUPPER_utf8|U8* p|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the UTF-8 encoded character at C<p> to its uppercase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the uppercase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the uppercased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
The input character at C<p> is assumed to be well-formed.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toFOLD|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to foldcase. If the input is anything but an
ASCII uppercase character, that input character itself is returned. Variant
C<toFOLD_A> is equivalent. (There is no equivalent C<to_FOLD_L1> for the full
Latin1 range, as the full generality of L</toFOLD_uni> is needed there.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toFOLD_uni|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the Unicode code point C<cp> to its foldcase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the foldcase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the foldcased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toFOLD_utf8|U8* p|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the UTF-8 encoded character at C<p> to its foldcase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the foldcase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the foldcased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
The input character at C<p> is assumed to be well-formed.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toLOWER|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to lowercase. If the input is anything but an
ASCII uppercase character, that input character itself is returned. Variant
C<toLOWER_A> is equivalent.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toLOWER_L1|U8 ch
Converts the specified Latin1 character to lowercase. The results are undefined if
the input doesn't fit in a byte.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toLOWER_LC|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to lowercase using the current locale's rules,
if possible; otherwise returns the input character itself.
=for apidoc Am|UV|toLOWER_uni|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the Unicode code point C<cp> to its lowercase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the lowercase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the lowercased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toLOWER_utf8|U8* p|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the UTF-8 encoded character at C<p> to its lowercase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the lowercase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the lowercased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
The input character at C<p> is assumed to be well-formed.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toLOWER_LC|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to lowercase using the current locale's rules,
if possible; otherwise returns the input character itself.
=for apidoc Am|U8|toTITLE|U8 ch
Converts the specified character to titlecase. If the input is anything but an
ASCII lowercase character, that input character itself is returned. Variant
C<toTITLE_A> is equivalent. (There is no C<toTITLE_L1> for the full Latin1 range,
as the full generality of L</toTITLE_uni> is needed there. Titlecase is not a
concept used in locale handling, so there is no functionality for that.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toTITLE_uni|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the Unicode code point C<cp> to its titlecase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the titlecase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the titlecased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
=for apidoc Am|UV|toTITLE_utf8|U8* p|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
Converts the UTF-8 encoded character at C<p> to its titlecase version, and
stores that in UTF-8 in C<s>, and its length in bytes in C<lenp>. Note
that the buffer pointed to by C<s> needs to be at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1>
bytes since the titlecase version may be longer than the original character.
The first code point of the titlecased version is returned
(but note, as explained just above, that there may be more.)
The input character at C<p> is assumed to be well-formed.
=cut
XXX Still undocumented isVERTWS_uni and _utf8; it's unclear what their names
really should be. Also toUPPER_LC and toFOLD_LC, which are subject to change.
Note that these macros are repeated in Devel::PPPort, so should also be
patched there. The file as of this writing is cpan/Devel-PPPort/parts/inc/misc
*/
/* Specify the widest unsigned type on the platform. Use U64TYPE because U64
* is known only in the perl core, and this macro can be called from outside
* that */
#ifdef HAS_QUAD
# define WIDEST_UTYPE U64TYPE
#else
# define WIDEST_UTYPE U32
#endif
/* FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) returns true if c doesn't have a bit set other than in
* the lower 8. It is designed to be hopefully bomb-proof, making sure that no
* bits of information are lost even on a 64-bit machine, but to get the
* compiler to optimize it out if possible. This is because Configure makes
* sure that the machine has an 8-bit byte, so if c is stored in a byte, the
* sizeof() guarantees that this evaluates to a constant true at compile time.
*/
#define FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) ((sizeof(c) == 1) || !(((WIDEST_UTYPE)(c)) & ~0xFF))
#ifdef EBCDIC
# ifndef _ALL_SOURCE
/* This returns the wrong results on at least z/OS unless this is
* defined. */
# error _ALL_SOURCE should probably be defined
# endif
/* We could be called without perl.h, in which case NATIVE_TO_ASCII() is
* likely not defined, and so we use the native function */
# define isASCII(c) isascii(c)
#else
# define isASCII(c) ((WIDEST_UTYPE)(c) < 128)
#endif
#define isASCII_A(c) isASCII(c)
#define isASCII_L1(c) isASCII(c)
/* The lower 3 bits in both the ASCII and EBCDIC representations of '0' are 0,
* and the 8 possible permutations of those bits exactly comprise the 8 octal
* digits */
#define isOCTAL_A(c) cBOOL(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && (0xF8 & (c)) == '0')
/* ASCII range only */
#ifdef H_PERL /* If have access to perl.h, lookup in its table */
/* Character class numbers. For internal core Perl use only. The ones less
* than 32 are used in PL_charclass[] and the ones up through the one that
* corresponds to <_HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC> are used by regcomp.h and
* related files. PL_charclass ones use names used in l1_char_class_tab.h but
* their actual definitions are here. If that file has a name not used here,
* it won't compile.
*
* The first group of these is ordered in what I (khw) estimate to be the
* frequency of their use. This gives a slight edge to exiting a loop earlier
* (in reginclass() in regexec.c) */
# define _CC_WORDCHAR 0 /* \w and [:word:] */
# define _CC_DIGIT 1 /* \d and [:digit:] */
# define _CC_ALPHA 2 /* [:alpha:] */
# define _CC_LOWER 3 /* [:lower:] */
# define _CC_UPPER 4 /* [:upper:] */
# define _CC_PUNCT 5 /* [:punct:] */
# define _CC_PRINT 6 /* [:print:] */
# define _CC_ALPHANUMERIC 7 /* [:alnum:] */
# define _CC_GRAPH 8 /* [:graph:] */
# define _CC_CASED 9 /* [:lower:] and [:upper:] under /i */
#define _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC 10
/* The character classes above are implemented with swashes. The second group
* (just below) contains the ones implemented without. These are also sorted
* in rough order of the frequency of their use, except that \v should be last,
* as it isn't a real Posix character class, and some (small) inefficiencies in
* regular expression handling would be introduced by putting it in the middle
* of those that are. Also, cntrl and ascii come after the others as it may be
* useful to group these which have no members that match above Latin1, (or
* above ASCII in the latter case) */
# define _CC_SPACE 10 /* \s */
# define _CC_BLANK 11 /* [:blank:] */
# define _CC_XDIGIT 12 /* [:xdigit:] */
# define _CC_PSXSPC 13 /* [:space:] */
# define _CC_CNTRL 14 /* [:cntrl:] */
# define _CC_ASCII 15 /* [:ascii:] */
# define _CC_VERTSPACE 16 /* \v */
# define _HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC _CC_VERTSPACE
/* The members of the third group below do not need to be coordinated with data
* structures in regcomp.[ch] and regexec.c. But they should be added to
* bootstrap_ctype() */
# define _CC_IDFIRST 17
# define _CC_CHARNAME_CONT 18
# define _CC_NONLATIN1_FOLD 19
# define _CC_QUOTEMETA 20
# define _CC_NON_FINAL_FOLD 21
# define _CC_IS_IN_SOME_FOLD 22
# define _CC_BACKSLASH_FOO_LBRACE_IS_META 31 /* temp, see mk_PL_charclass.pl */
/* Unused: 23-30
* If more bits are needed, one could add a second word for non-64bit
* QUAD_IS_INT systems, using some #ifdefs to distinguish between having a 2nd
* word or not. The IS_IN_SOME_FOLD bit is the most easily expendable, as it
* is used only for optimization (as of this writing), and differs in the
* Latin1 range from the ALPHA bit only in two relatively unimportant
* characters: the masculine and feminine ordinal indicators, so removing it
* would just cause /i regexes which match them to run less efficiently */
#if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
/* An enum version of the character class numbers, to help compilers
* optimize */
typedef enum {
_CC_ENUM_ALPHA = _CC_ALPHA,
_CC_ENUM_ALPHANUMERIC = _CC_ALPHANUMERIC,
_CC_ENUM_ASCII = _CC_ASCII,
_CC_ENUM_BLANK = _CC_BLANK,
_CC_ENUM_CASED = _CC_CASED,
_CC_ENUM_CNTRL = _CC_CNTRL,
_CC_ENUM_DIGIT = _CC_DIGIT,
_CC_ENUM_GRAPH = _CC_GRAPH,
_CC_ENUM_LOWER = _CC_LOWER,
_CC_ENUM_PRINT = _CC_PRINT,
_CC_ENUM_PSXSPC = _CC_PSXSPC,
_CC_ENUM_PUNCT = _CC_PUNCT,
_CC_ENUM_SPACE = _CC_SPACE,
_CC_ENUM_UPPER = _CC_UPPER,
_CC_ENUM_VERTSPACE = _CC_VERTSPACE,
_CC_ENUM_WORDCHAR = _CC_WORDCHAR,
_CC_ENUM_XDIGIT = _CC_XDIGIT
} _char_class_number;
#endif
#define POSIX_SWASH_COUNT _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC
#define POSIX_CC_COUNT (_HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC + 1)
#if defined(PERL_IN_UTF8_C) || defined(PERL_IN_REGCOMP_C) || defined(PERL_IN_REGEXEC_C)
# if _CC_WORDCHAR != 0 || _CC_DIGIT != 1 || _CC_ALPHA != 2 || _CC_LOWER != 3 \
|| _CC_UPPER != 4 || _CC_PUNCT != 5 || _CC_PRINT != 6 \
|| _CC_ALPHANUMERIC != 7 || _CC_GRAPH != 8 || _CC_CASED != 9
#error Need to adjust order of swash_property_names[]
# endif
/* This is declared static in each of the few files that this is #defined for
* to keep them from being publicly accessible. Hence there is a small amount
* of wasted space */
static const char* const swash_property_names[] = {
"XPosixWord",
"XPosixDigit",
"XPosixAlpha",
"XPosixLower",
"XPosixUpper",
"XPosixPunct",
"XPosixPrint",
"XPosixAlnum",
"XPosixGraph",
"Cased"
};
#endif
# ifdef DOINIT
EXTCONST U32 PL_charclass[] = {
# include "l1_char_class_tab.h"
};
# else /* ! DOINIT */
EXTCONST U32 PL_charclass[];
# endif
#endif /* Has perl.h */
#if defined(H_PERL) && ! defined(BOOTSTRAP_CHARSET)