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cod-al7b27_alalal-d55107.xml
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<title>Articulus 4</title>
<author ref="#Albert">Albertus Magnus</author>
<respStmt>
<name ref="#jeffreycwitt">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
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<title>Articulus 4</title>
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<witness xml:id="Bc" n="cod-al7b27">Paris 1894, v. 27</witness>
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<body>
<div xml:id="alalal-d55107"><!-- l2d17a4 -->
<head xml:id="alalal-d55107-Hd1e99">Articulus 4</head>
<head xml:id="alalal-d55107-Hd1e101" type="question-title">Utrum paradisus pertingat ad lunarem
globum ? et, In quo loco situs sit,
an sub equinoctiali ? et, Quare stt
occultatus ?</head>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e104">
<cb ed="#Bc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="17"/>ARTICULUS IV.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="18"/>Utrum paradisus pertingat ad lunarem
<lb ed="#Bc" n="19"/>globum ? et, In quo loco situs sit,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="20"/>an sub equinoctiali ? et, Quare stt
oc<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="21"/>cultatus ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e120">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="22"/>Deinde quaeritur de hoc quod dicit,s
<lb ed="#Bc" n="23"/>ibi, <quote xml:id="alalal-d55107-Qd1e126"> Aeres enim generales de paradiso,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="24"/>etc. </quote>
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e132">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="25"/>Queritur, Si hoc verum sit quod dicit,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="26"/>quod paradisus usque ad lunarem
glo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="27"/>bum attingit ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e142">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="28"/>Videtur falsum : quia
<lb ed="#Bc" n="29"/>1. Dicit Avicenna et probatur
neces<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="30"/>sario, quod ignis undique attingit
or<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="31"/>bem lune: quoniam luna est inferius
<lb ed="#Bc" n="32"/>Corpus inter ccelestia, et suus orbis
in<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="33"/>ferior orbis : aut ergo ignis locatur in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="34"/>aut aliud corpus, aut aliquid est
<cb ed="#Bc" n="c"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="35"/>vacuum inter ultimum cceleste corpus,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="36"/>et primum corpus elementi. Constat,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="37"/>quod non est vacuum, nec aliquid a
<lb ed="#Bc" n="38"/>quinque corporibus, scilicet ccelesti
cor<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="39"/>pore, et quatuor elementis : ergo
relin<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="40"/>quitur, quod ignis sit ibi: ergo non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="41"/>possunt ibi esse arbores, et ameenitas
<lb ed="#Bc" n="42"/>aque de fonte magno, etc.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e179">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="43"/>2. Item, Damascenus dicit, quod fons
<lb ed="#Bc" n="44"/>ille est Oceanus: ergo videtur, quod
<lb ed="#Bc" n="45"/>paradisus fuerit mundus, et non locus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="46"/>specialis.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e190">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="47"/>3. Preterea, 5i locus specialis esset,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="48"/>quare non est ibi habitatio hominum ?
<lb ed="#Bc" n="49"/>Frustra enim locus est, ubi nullus
ha<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="50"/>bitat. Si dicas, quod demeruit hoc
pro<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="51"/>pter peccatum primus homo : tune
que<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="52"/>ritur, Quare non juxta habitant
homi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="53"/>nes ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e208">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="54"/>Preterea, Flumina quae inde fluunt,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="55"/>nota sunt : ergo videtur esse in
no<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="56"/>stra habitabili. Hae autem non variantur
<lb ed="#Bc" n="57"/>nisi per septem climatum latitudinem,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="58"/>et non per plus : ergo cum civitates plu-
<pb ed="#Bc" n="304"/>
<cb ed="#Bc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="1"/>rime note sunt in illis, deberet esse
<lb ed="#Bc" n="2"/>locus notus, preecipue Philosophis qui
<lb ed="#Bc" n="3"/>de mirabilibus multa scripserunt.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e232">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="4"/>Soxturio. Dicendum sine prejudicio,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="5"/>quod attingere ad lunarem globum
di<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="6"/>citur ducbus modis. Uno modo quoad
<lb ed="#Bc" n="7"/>dimensionem loci : et sic non est verum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="8"/>quod dicit Beda in ZLiftera. Alio modo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="9"/>quoad proprietatem, et sic verum est:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="10"/>quia in lunari circulo status et natura
<lb ed="#Bc" n="11"/>incipit incorruptionis : et paradisus
lo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="12"/>cus fuit immortalitatis et incorruptionis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="13"/>hominum in primo statu.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e256">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="14"/>Ad aliud dicendum, scilicet
Dama<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="15"/>sceni dictum, quod ille fons est Oceanus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="16"/>secundum originem, et non secundum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="17"/>substantiam : quia ab Oceano
infundi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="18"/>tur, et nobilius, et indeficientius ceteris
<lb ed="#Bc" n="19"/>aquis,
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e273">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="20"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod ille locus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="21"/>ab habitabili nostra secreius est : non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="22"/>quod non sit in habitabili nostra, sed
<lb ed="#Bc" n="23"/>quod Dominus clausit eum a nobis.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="24"/>Et sine prejudicio loquendo videtur
mi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="25"/>hi, quod sit in linea xquinoctiali versus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="26"/>Orientem in comparatione ad nostram
<lb ed="#Bc" n="27"/>habitationem : tamen de linea
aequino<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="28"/>cliali sunt opiniones. Avicenna enim et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="29"/>Nicolaus in commento Almagesti, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="30"/>quidam alii videntur velle, quod locus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="31"/>ille optimus et paratissimus sit. Sed
<lb ed="#Bc" n="32"/>alil quidam dicunt, quod sit locus
in<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="33"/>temperatus. Et demonstratione proba~
<lb ed="#Bc" n="34"/>tur esse temperatus sic :
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e308">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="35"/>Declinatio solis ab equinoctiali est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="36"/>ad utramque latitudinem fere ad viginti
<lb ed="#Bc" n="37"/>quatuor gradus: constat autem, quod
<lb ed="#Bc" n="38"/>quidquid est extra latitudinem,
respici<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="39"/>tur a sole obliquo radio tantum:
obli<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="40"/>quus autem radius numquam est
perfe<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="41"/>ctus in temperamento caliditatis, sed
<lb ed="#Bc" n="42"/>declinat ad frigus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e328">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="43"/>Item, Radius perpendicularis duplex
<lb ed="#Bc" n="44"/>est secundum divisionem sphere,
scili<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="45"/>cet morans et vicinus unus juxta alium,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="46"/>et cito transiens et remotus unus ab
<lb ed="#Bc" n="47"/>alio : perpendicularis reflectitur in
se<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="48"/>ipsum : ergo est calidissimus. Si igitur
<cb ed="#Bc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="49"/>fuerit morans et vicinus unus alteri, gp
<lb ed="#Bc" n="50"/>excessus in caliditate: igitur ab
Oppo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="51"/>sito si fuerit perpendicularis non mo.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="52"/>rans nec vicinus unus alieri, erit tempe.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="53"/>ratus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e357">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="54"/>Hoc habito, probatur inevitabiliter,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="55"/>quod. locus sub linea equinoctiali tempe.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="56"/>ratissimus sit. A%quinoctialis circulys
<lb ed="#Bc" n="57"/>unus est de magnis circulis sphere .
<lb ed="#Bc" n="58"/>ergo dividit spheram in duas medieta.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="59"/>tes : ergo equidistantes in quibus vol.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="60"/>vitur sol inter lineam equinoctialem o
<lb ed="#Bc" n="61"/>tropicum estivalem, erunt omnes
mj<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="62"/>nores eo: et tanto minores, quanto
<lb ed="#Bc" n="63"/>accedunt ad tropicum Cancri: ergo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="64"/>juxta equinoctialem major erit latitudo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="65"/>inter circulum et circulum, quanto
am<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="66"/>plior est sphera: et juxta Cancrum,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="67"/>major vicinitas, quanto strictior est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="68"/>sphera : ergo sol vadens ab
aquino<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="69"/>ctiali transit per circulos magis distantes,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="70"/>quam juxta Cancrum : ergo citius
trans<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="71"/>it per loci latitudinem.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e399">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="72"/>Quod autem non ita diu moretur
su<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="73"/>per terram, probatur: quia sole
ve<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="74"/>niente ab equinoctiali, quanto major
<lb ed="#Bc" n="75"/>est latitudo, tanto longior dies: ergo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="76"/>tanto longior mora radii solis in terra.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="77"/>Et haec est causa quod terra Ethiopie
<lb ed="#Bc" n="78"/>que est sub Cancro, calidissima est,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="79"/>et intemperata: et temperata, illa qne
<lb ed="#Bc" n="80"/>est sub equinoctiali: et illa quae est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="81"/>sub tropico hiemali, hoc est, sub
Ca<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="82"/>pricorno habet istas causas caliditatis :
<lb ed="#Bc" n="83"/>et preterea unam aliam praeter istas, id
<lb ed="#Bc" n="84"/>est, brevitatem diametri solis : et ideo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="85"/>illa est inhabitabilis.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e432">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="86"/>Et istis rationibus videtur mihi
ac<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="87"/>quiescendum, quod locus ille sit
pa<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="88"/>radisi.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e442">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="89"/>Sunt tamen rationes aliorum in
con<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="90"/>trarium non habentes firmitatem
de<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="91"/>monstrationis, scilicet quod locus tri--
<lb ed="#Bc" n="92"/>pliciter respectus a sole debet esse
ma<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="93"/>gis calidus, quam ille qui respicitur
duo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="94"/>bus modis tantum: linea equinoctialis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="95"/>tripliciter respicitur a sole, et locus sub
<lb ed="#Bc" n="96"/>tropico duobus modis: ergo debet. esse
<lb ed="#Bc" n="97"/>calidior. Probatio mediae est, quod
<pb ed="#Bc" n="305"/>
<cb ed="#Bc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="1"/>bis in anno radio perpendiculari
mo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="2"/>vetur super capita habitantium sub
equi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="3"/>noctiali, scilicet in capite Arietis, et.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="4"/>Libre : et respicit eum etiam radio
<lb ed="#Bc" n="5"/>obliquo ab utroque tropico, et locis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="6"/>intermediis: sed tropicum non
attin<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="7"/>git nisi sol radio perpendiculari, et
elon<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="8"/>gatur. per radium obliquum ab eo lati-~
<lb ed="#Bc" n="9"/>tudine quadraginta septem graduum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="10"/>et amplius: ergo si ille est calidus,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="11"/>ita quod nigri fiant ibi homines,
lo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="12"/>cus a guo non tantum elongatur, sed
<lb ed="#Bc" n="13"/>immediate et bis radio. perpendiculari
<lb ed="#Bc" n="14"/>tangit, videbitur esse intemperatus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e499">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="15"/>Item, nos videmus, quod etiam
ci<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="16"/>vitates quae sunt majoris latiudinis, quam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="17"/>tropicus Cancri, excellentis sunt caloris :
<lb ed="#Bc" n="18"/>quanto magis locus nuilius latitudinis.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e510">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="19"/>Sed meo judicio iste rationes vim non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="20"/>habent ut prime, et sophistice sunt.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="21"/>Quia non est causa intemperati caloris
<lb ed="#Bc" n="22"/>quod tangitur bis radio perpendiculari,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="23"/>vel minus elongetur : sed potius mora
<lb ed="#Bc" n="24"/>radii super terram inaequalis, et
con<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="25"/>strictio circulorum eque distantium in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="26"/>quibus volvitur sol, qui facit radium
ca<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="27"/>dere quasi in eumdem locum sepius,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="28"/>causa est intemperati caloris.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e534">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="29"/>Quod autem ibi sit paradisus,
esti<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="30"/>mare possumus alia ratione: quoniam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="31"/>Nilus secundum dicta Sanctorum exit de
<cb ed="#Bc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="32"/>paradiso :constat autem, quod venit
<lb ed="#Bc" n="33"/>de Atthiopia in Mgyptum : Adthiopia
au<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="34"/>tem est versus equinoctialem, cum sit
<lb ed="#Bc" n="35"/>sub Cancro : ergo venit de equinoctiali
<lb ed="#Bc" n="36"/>vel prope.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e556">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="37"/>Item, Hujus signum est, quod dicitur |
<lb ed="#Bc" n="38"/>bis inundare in anno, et referunt illi qui
<lb ed="#Bc" n="39"/>venerunt de terra illa, quod sole
exi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="40"/>stente in Cancro et Capricorno inundat :
<lb ed="#Bc" n="41"/>sole autem existente in tropicis illis, .
<lb ed="#Bc" n="42"/>hiems est habitantibus sub szquinoctiali,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="43"/>et est hiems eorum secundum
elongatio<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="44"/>nem solis per tria signa tantum : ergo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="45"/>sol elevat vapores, et non consumit eos
<lb ed="#Bc" n="46"/>in linea illa : ergo cadunt tunc ibi pluvie.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="47"/>Cum ergo tunc semper inundet Nilus,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="48"/>accipit augmentum aque a pluviis
ca<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="49"/>dentibus sub linea equinoctiali : et non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="50"/>posset hoc esse nisi transiret per lineam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="51"/>illam : ergo venit de sub equinoctiali,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="52"/>et de paradiso, ut dicit Scriptura : ergo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="53"/>videtur, quod ibi sit paradisus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e595">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="54"/>Hoc igitur opinando, non asserendo,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="55"/>dictum sit de paradisi loco.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d55107-d1e603">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="56"/>Quod autem objicitur, Quare sit
oc<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="57"/>cultatus ? Dicendum, quod ideo ne homo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="58"/>nimis tristaretur de privatione tante
<lb ed="#Bc" n="59"/>amoenitatis, regeneratus est in
testimo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="60"/>nium innocentiae primae.
</p>
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