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cod-al7b27_alalal-d84458.xml
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cod-al7b27_alalal-d84458.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<titleStmt>
<title>Articulus 1</title>
<author ref="#Albert">Albertus Magnus</author>
<respStmt>
<name ref="#jeffreycwitt">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>Transcription Editor</resp>
<resp>TEI Encoder</resp>
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<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<title>Articulus 1</title>
<date when="2022-06-21">June 21, 2022</date>
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<witness xml:id="Bc" n="cod-al7b27">Paris 1894, v. 27</witness>
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<front>
<div xml:id="starts-on">
<pb ed="#Bc" n="484"/>
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<body>
<div xml:id="alalal-d84458"><!-- l2d28a1 -->
<head xml:id="alalal-d84458-Hd1e99">Articulus 1</head>
<head xml:id="alalal-d84458-Hd1e101" type="question-title">Que bona potest liberum arbitrium
per se sine gratia ?</head>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e104">
<pb ed="#Bc" n="484"/>
<cb ed="#Bc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="1"/>ARTICULUS 1.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="2"/>Que bona potest liberum arbitrium
<lb ed="#Bc" n="3"/>per se sine gratia ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e117">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="4"/>
<quote xml:id="alalal-d84458-Qd1e121"> Id vero inconcusse et incunctanter
<lb ed="#Bc" n="5"/>feneamus, etc. </quote>
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e127">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="6"/>Circa hanc distinctionem est parva
dif<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="7"/>ficultas. Queremus autem duo tantum,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="8"/>scilicet quae bona possit hberum
arbi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="9"/>trium ex se sine gratia ?et, Utrum in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="10"/>aliquo statu contingat mereri primam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="11"/>gratiam ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e144">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="12"/>Videtur autem liberum arbitrium
pos<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="13"/>se in bonum per seipsum sic :
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e151">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="14"/>1. Sicut se habet gratia ad gloriam,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="15"/>ita quod antecedat eam, ita se habet
<lb ed="#Bc" n="16"/>natura liberi arbitrit ad gratiam: sed
<lb ed="#Bc" n="17"/>gratia per se potest acquirere gloriam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="18"/>sine additione alterius: ergo et liberum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="19"/>arbitrium per se potest acquirere
gra<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="20"/>tiam, ut videtur.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e169">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="21"/>2. Item, Voluntas sine gratia gratum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="22"/>faciente potest velle bonum : sed a volito
<lb ed="#Bc" n="23"/>denominatur voluntas bona, vel mala:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="24"/>ergo voluntas volens bonum est bona :
<lb ed="#Bc" n="25"/>ergo volens bonum gratia, est bona
bo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="26"/>no gratie, ut videtur.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e185">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="27"/>3. Preterea, Ad bonum non exigitur
<lb ed="#Bc" n="28"/>nisi cogitare, et assentire, et velle, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="29"/>operari : et horum omnium potestatem
<lb ed="#Bc" n="30"/>habemus ex parte nostra : ergo videtur
<lb ed="#Bc" n="31"/>quod perfecti sumus ad bonum gratie.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e198">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="32"/>4. Item, Mandata Dei omnibus
impo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="33"/>nuntur : aut igitur possibile est omnibus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="34"/>ea servare, aut non. Si non : ergo
im<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="35"/>possibilia precipiuntur : quod est contra
<lb ed="#Bc" n="36"/>Ambrosium dicentem, quod anathema
<lb ed="#Bc" n="37"/>sit, qui putat Deum impossibilia
preece<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="38"/>pisse. Si autem est possibile servari ab
<lb ed="#Bc" n="39"/>omnibus : ergo in potestate nostra est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="40"/>implere mandata: sed in impletione
<cb ed="#Bc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="41"/>mandatorum meremur : ergo meritorium
<lb ed="#Bc" n="42"/>opus est in nostra potestate.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e227">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="43"/>5. Item, Servitia quanto minus debita,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="44"/>tanto magis grata sunt, ut dicit Augu.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="45"/>stinus : sed minus debet qui de gyq
<lb ed="#Bc" n="46"/>servit, quam qui de alieno: ergo Magis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="47"/>gratum videtur esse quod de nostrig
<lb ed="#Bc" n="48"/>viribus facimus, quam id quod de my:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="49"/>neribus censum facimus :
<lb ed="#Bc" n="50"/>gis meritum consistit in nostra facil.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="51"/>tate ante gratiam, quam post.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e250">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="52"/>6. Item accipitur ex quibusdam
aucto<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="53"/>ritatibus quae habentur in Litéera: sicut
<lb ed="#Bc" n="54"/>est illa, quod dedit eis potestatem filios
<lb ed="#Bc" n="55"/>Dei fieri : et illa, quod <quote xml:id="alalal-d84458-Qd1e260"> posse credere
<lb ed="#Bc" n="56"/>est natura omnium, credere autem
<lb ed="#Bc" n="57"/>gratia fidelium, </quote> et hujusmodi qua:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="58"/>sufficienter Magister exponit in Littera.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e271">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="59"/>SED CONTRA hoc est totum quod habi-.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="60"/>tum est in distinctione XXVI, ubi
osten<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="61"/>sum est, quod nihil est gratum Deo de
<lb ed="#Bc" n="62"/>nostro, nisi de suo rationem gratitudinis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="63"/>accipiamus : ergo non possumus in
bo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="64"/>num meritorium ex nostra facultate.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e287">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="65"/>Sed ULTERIUS queritur, Cum sit
bo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="66"/>nur nature, uf comedere, et bibere,-et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="67"/>procurare familiam, et hujusmodi : et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="68"/>bonum in genere, ut actus voluntarius
<lb ed="#Bc" n="69"/>super materiam debitam, ut pascere
esu<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="70"/>rientem : et sit bonum illud quod est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="71"/>generativum virtutis politic, quod
ac<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="72"/>tus est vestitus circumstantiis : quia ex
<lb ed="#Bc" n="73"/>similibus actibus secundum
Philoso<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="74"/>phum similes habitus relinquuntur : et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="75"/>sit bonum_ virtutis consuetudinalis:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="76"/>utrum in omnia illa possit liberum
arbi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="77"/>trium et secundum quem modum ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e318">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="78"/>Utrum autem resistere possit
tentatio<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="79"/>ni, supra expeditum est.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e325">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="80"/>Solutio. Dicendum est absque ompl
<lb ed="#Bc" n="81"/>ambiguitate, quod liberum arbitrium per
<lb ed="#Bc" n="82"/>se non potest in gratiam, nec bonum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="83"/>meritorium : quia (sicut supra probatum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="84"/>est) necesse est ut hoc a Deo
accipia<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="85"/>mus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e341">
<pb ed="#Bc" n="485"/>
<cb ed="#Bc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="1"/>DicenpuM ergo ad primum quod licet
<lb ed="#Bc" n="2"/>gimilitudo sit in ordine antecessionis
se<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="3"/>cundum tempus, non tamen est
similitu<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="4"/>do in modo causalitatis : quia gratia non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="5"/>potest causari a natura, quia jam non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="6"/>esset gratia, et esset vanum quid et non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="7"/>dignum remuneratione.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e364">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="8"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod voluntas
<lb ed="#Bc" n="9"/>boc modo quo est in volitum,
denomi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="10"/>natur ab illo: et ideo quia non nisi
<lb ed="#Bc" n="11"/>imperfecte, et per modum preparationis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="12"/>est in bonum gratie#, sed in perfecta
<lb ed="#Bc" n="13"/>ordinatione et preparatione in illud, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="14"/>hoc est a dispositione materiali: ideo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="15"/>talis voluntas semiplene est bona.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e384">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="16"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod illa non
suf<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="17"/>ficiunt ad bonum gratie, sed ad bonum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="18"/>subditum nostre potestati, ut bonum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="19"/>nature, et bonum in genere.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e395">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="20"/>Ap ALiup dicendum, quod si forma est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="21"/>in precepto, quae forma a Doctoribus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="22"/>dicitur esse charitas, tunc non est in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="23"/>potestate nostra implere divina
manda<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="24"/>ta:et tamen precipiuntur nobis, quia
<lb ed="#Bc" n="25"/>in nobis possibile est aliquid facere, quo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="26"/>facto habeamus potestatem ex gratia:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="27"/>hoc autem est facere quod in nobis est:
<lb ed="#Bc" n="28"/>quia si hoc fecerimus, Deus
inevitabi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="29"/>liter dat gratiam : quia ipse uno modo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="30"/>se habet semper ad nos, scilicet gratiam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="31"/>porrigendo: sed nos non uno modo
<lb ed="#Bc" n="32"/>nos habemus ad eum, quando
averti<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="33"/>mur : sed si convertimur faciendo quod
<lb ed="#Bc" n="34"/>in nobis est, statim accipimus. Quia
igi<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="35"/>tur antecedens in potestate nostra est,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="36"/>ideo etiam consequens imperatur nobis.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="37"/>Si autem secundum aliam opinionem
<lb ed="#Bc" n="38"/>forma non est in precepto, tune
possu<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="39"/>mus mandata Dei implere : sed non
habe<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="40"/>bimus meritum vite aeterne, sed
evita<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="41"/>bimus poenam : sed mandata dilectionis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="42"/>Dei et proximi ad quae referuntur
man<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="43"/>data decalogi sicut ad formam qua
im<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="44"/>plentur, non possumus implere: quia
<lb ed="#Bc" n="45"/>illa sunt de forma mandati potius quam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="46"/>de mandato ipso. Et sic patet solutio
<lb ed="#Bc" n="47"/>secundum utramque opinionem.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e458">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="48"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod hoc
intelli<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="49"/>gitur de libertate voluntatis in opere, et
<cb ed="#Bc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bc" n="50"/>non de facultate ex qua procedit opus.
<lb ed="#Bc" n="51"/>Sunt enim qui non serviunt nisi timore
<lb ed="#Bc" n="52"/>vel obedientia necessitatis coacti: et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="53"/>illorum servitia minus grata sunt. Sunt
<lb ed="#Bc" n="54"/>etiam qui ex charitate, et isti liberaliter
<lb ed="#Bc" n="55"/>serviunt : sed nullus meritorie servit
si<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="56"/>ne gratia.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e482">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="57"/>Ad avcroritates dicendum, quod
lo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="58"/>quuntur de receptibilitatis potestate, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="59"/>non de. potestate completa ad actum,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="60"/>quae completio non fit nisi per habitum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="61"/>gratiae, cujus tamen receptibiles sumus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="62"/>per naturam.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-d84458-d1e498">
<lb ed="#Bc" n="63"/>Ad ultimum dicendum meo judicio,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="64"/>quod liberum arbitrium sine gratia
gra<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="65"/>tum faciente superaddita, non sine gratis
<lb ed="#Bc" n="66"/>data, cum natura potest in triplex
bo<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="67"/>num, scilicet nature, et in genere, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="68"/>vestiti circumstantiis qui est generativus
<lb ed="#Bc" n="69"/>virtutis. Potest enim considerari ut est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="70"/>natura hominis, et sic potest in bonum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="71"/>nature. Potest etiam considerari ut est
<lb ed="#Bc" n="72"/>deliberativum, et sic est collativam ad
<lb ed="#Bc" n="73"/>alterum, et componit proportionata ad
<lb ed="#Bc" n="74"/>actum debitum materia, et dividit non
<lb ed="#Bc" n="75"/>proportionata, et sic potest in bonum in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="76"/>genere. Potest iterum considerari
secun<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="77"/>dum ordinem ad perfectionem quam
<lb ed="#Bc" n="78"/>innatum est suscipere, licet perficere sit
<lb ed="#Bc" n="79"/>ab assuetudine, et si conjungit bono
na<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="80"/>turali quod habet ordinem ad bonum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="81"/>honestum, et sic potest in actum
ge<lb break="no" ed="#Bc" n="82"/>nerativum virtutis politics : sed cum
<lb ed="#Bc" n="83"/>gratia gratis data quae est virlus politica,
<lb ed="#Bc" n="84"/>potest in bonum virtutis politice, et
<lb ed="#Bc" n="85"/>cum gratia gratum faciente potest in
<lb ed="#Bc" n="86"/>bonum meritorium.
</p>
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