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cod-al7b28_alalal-e92355.xml
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cod-al7b28_alalal-e92355.xml
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<title>Articulus 4</title>
<author ref="#Albert">Albertus Magnus</author>
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<name ref="#jeffreycwitt">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
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<title>Articulus 4</title>
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<witness xml:id="Bd" n="cod-al7b28">Paris 1894, v. 28</witness>
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<body>
<div xml:id="alalal-e92355"><!-- l3d25a4 -->
<head xml:id="alalal-e92355-Hd1e99">Articulus 4</head>
<head xml:id="alalal-e92355-Hd1e101" type="question-title">An articulus arctat ad credendum
explicite vel implicite ?</head>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e104">
<lb ed="Bd" n="7"/>ARTICULUS IV.
<lb ed="Bd" n="8"/>An articulus arctat ad credendum
expli<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="9"/>cite vel implicite ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e113">
<lb ed="Bd" n="10"/>Quarto quaeritur, cum articulus
dica<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="11"/>tur eo quod arctat ad credendum, utrum
<lb ed="Bd" n="12"/>arctat ad explicite credendum vel
impli<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="13"/>cite?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e124">
<lb ed="Bd" n="14"/>Videtur autem, quod ad implicite
cre<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="15"/>dendum.
<lb ed="Bd" n="16"/>1. Per auctoritatem: non enim
tene<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="17"/>tur homo credere quod nullo modo
in<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="18"/>notuil intellectui quid est quod dicitur
<lb ed="Bd" n="19"/>per sermonem, de quo supra habitum
<lb ed="Bd" n="20"/>esi, qui precedit omne credibile: sed
<lb ed="Bd" n="21"/>quod ignorant etiam Angeli, nallo mode
<lb ed="Bd" n="22"/>innotescit homini: sed, Isa. uxin, 1:
<lb ed="Bd" n="23"/>super illud, Quis est iste gui venit de
<lb ed="Bd" n="24"/>Edom ? dicit sic Glossa Hieronymi :
<lb ed="Bd" n="25"/>
<quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e152"> Aperte declaratur, quod quidam
An<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="26"/>geli donec perficeretur mysterium
incar<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="27"/>nationis, ad plenum non cognoverunt. </quote>
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e161">
<lb ed="Bd" n="28"/>2. Item, Ad Ephes. mi, 10: Ut
inno<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="29"/>tescaé principibus et potestatibus in
ca<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="30"/>leséibus, etc. igitur videtur, quod nec
<lb ed="Bd" n="31"/>homo tenebatur illud scire explicite.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e172">
<lb ed="Bd" n="32"/>3. Item, Chrysostomus in Homilia Ht
<lb ed="Bd" n="33"/>super Joannem : <quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e178"> Multum honorati
su<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="34"/>mus, quod nobiscum Angeli per
Joan<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="35"/>nis vocem didicerunt. </quote>
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e186">
<lb ed="Bd" n="36"/>4. Item, Super ullud: Colligite quae
su<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="37"/>peraverunt fragmenta ne pereant ', dicit
<lb ed="Bd" n="38"/>Glossa: <quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e194"> Fragmenta sunt sacra
myste<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="39"/>ria, quae communis populus capere non
<lb ed="Bd" n="40"/>potest: </quote> ergo videtur, quod non expli-
<cb ed="#Bd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="Bd" n="41"/>cile arctatur quilibet ad credendos
arti<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="42"/>culos.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e209">
<lb ed="Bd" n="43"/>5. Item, Ad Ephes. m:, 9, super illud :
<lb ed="Bd" n="44"/>
<quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e215">Que sit dispensatio mysierti absconditi
<lb ed="Bd" n="45"/>seculis in Deo</quote>, dicit Glossa: <quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e220"> Id est,
<lb ed="Bd" n="46"/>celati ab omnium seculorum creaturis,
<lb ed="Bd" n="47"/>et existentis in sola notitia Dei. </quote>
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e228">
<lb ed="Bd" n="48"/>6. Item, Per rationem sic: In
demon<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="49"/>stratione scibilium contingit aliquid scire
<lb ed="Bd" n="50"/>implicite in universali, qaod tamen
du<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="51"/>bium est in particulari: sicut scimus in
<lb ed="Bd" n="52"/>universali omnem triangulum habere
<lb ed="Bd" n="53"/>duobus rectis equos tres angulos: et
ta<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="54"/>men possum dubitare de hoc ligneo
<lb ed="Bd" n="55"/>triangulo, utrem habeat tres duobus
<lb ed="Bd" n="56"/>rectis wquales: ergo multo magis hoc
<lb ed="Bd" n="57"/>fieri potest in fide, quae tota est supra
<lb ed="Bd" n="58"/>rationem.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e254">
<lb ed="Bd" n="59"/>7. Item, Si diceretur articulus ideo
ar<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="60"/>clare ad credendum, quia arctat
expli<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="61"/>cite, jam multi damnati essent et
dam<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="62"/>narentur adhuc hodie, qui nesciunt
ar<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="63"/>ticulorum distinctionem.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e268">
<lb ed="Bd" n="64"/>8. Praterea, Secundum hoc etiam alia
<lb ed="Bd" n="65"/>quam articuli arciarent ad credendum :
<lb ed="Bd" n="66"/>quia ita dicitur, ad Hebr. x1, 3: Fide
in<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="67"/>ielligimus aptaia esse secula verbo Dei,
<lb ed="Bd" n="68"/>ul ex invisibilibus visibilia ferent.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e281">
<lb ed="Bd" n="69"/>9. Item, ide AMoyses, natus,
occulia<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="70"/>tus est tribus mensibus, ete. Et, Hide
<lb ed="Bd" n="71"/>Rahab meretriae non peri cum
incredu<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="72"/>lis?, et hujusmodt mulla quae non sunt
<lb ed="Bd" n="73"/>arliculi, et tamen sub fide tamquam
<lb ed="Bd" n="74"/>consequentia fidem accipiuntur. Ergo
<lb ed="Bd" n="75"/>videtur, quod non arctetur aliquis ad
ex<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="76"/>plicite credendum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e301">
<lb ed="Bd" n="77"/>10. Prosterea, Hoc dicitur in Litera in
<lb ed="Bd" n="78"/>secunda parte istius distinclionis.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e308">
<lb ed="Bd" n="79"/>SED CONIRA!
<lb ed="Bd" n="80"/>1. Dicit Boetius, quod malum non
<lb ed="Bd" n="81"/>evilatur nisi cognitum: sed quilibet
te<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="82"/>netur vitare infidelitatem contra
quem<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="83"/>libet arliculum : ergo tenetur explicite
<lb ed="Bd" n="84"/>scire quemlibet.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e324">
<lb ed="Bd" n="85"/>2.Item, Ad Galat. v, 3 : <quote xml:id="alalal-e92355-Qd1e328">Testificor
<lb ed="Bd" n="86"/>autem rursus emni homini
circumei<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="87"/>denti se, quoniam debtitor est universe
<pb ed="#Bd" n="480"/>
<cb ed="#Bd" n="a"/>
<lb ed="Bd" n="1"/>legis faciendiae</quote>. Ergo a simili suscipienti
<lb ed="Bd" n="2"/>fidem necessarium est credere universos
<lb ed="Bd" n="3"/>artliculos explicite.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e346">
<lb ed="Bd" n="4"/>3. Item, Si sufficeret implicite credere
<lb ed="Bd" n="5"/>omnipoteniem et redimentem
quocum<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="6"/>que vellet modo, tunc omnes
Philoso<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="7"/>phi et mult} heretici habuissent fidem
<lb ed="Bd" n="8"/>implicitam: sed hoc falsum est : ergo
<lb ed="Bd" n="9"/>exigitur fides explicita.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e363">
<lb ed="Bd" n="10"/>4. Item, Levit. xiv, 12, de
emunda<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="11"/>tione leprosi dicitur : Offered, scilicet pro
<lb ed="Bd" n="12"/>emundatione sua olet sextarium: et
<lb ed="Bd" n="13"/>dicit Glossa, quod sextarium olei est
<lb ed="Bd" n="14"/>mensura fidei, in qua si plus est,
effun<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="15"/>ditur: si minus, deficit: ergo tenetur
<lb ed="Bd" n="16"/>offerre tolam mensuram articulorum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e381">
<lb ed="Bd" n="17"/>3. Item, Deuter. xxvii, 8, precipitur
<lb ed="Bd" n="18"/>Moysi, quod lucide et aperte legem seri -
<lb ed="Bd" n="19"/>bat super lapides ‘: et dicit Glossa, quod
<lb ed="Bd" n="20"/>lapides sunt laici: ergo lucide et
distin<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="21"/>cte tenentur credere articulos.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e394">
<lb ed="Bd" n="22"/>6. Item, Fides est ex auditu : auditus
<lb ed="Bd" n="23"/>autem per verbum Christi, ut dicitur, ad
<lb ed="Bd" n="24"/>Roman. x, 17. Auditus autem omnia
<lb ed="Bd" n="25"/>explicat, et similiter verbum Dei nihil
<lb ed="Bd" n="26"/>implicite propenit : ergo videtur, quod
<lb ed="Bd" n="27"/>fideles etiam explicite debent credere.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e410">
<lb ed="Bd" n="28"/>7. Item, Nos videmus, quod laici
ca<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="29"/>piuntur et examinantur de articulis fide:
<lb ed="Bd" n="30"/>occultissimis : et si inveniuntur aberrare
<lb ed="Bd" n="31"/>cet nescire, relinquuntur pro hereticis :
<lb ed="Bd" n="32"/>ergo videtur, quod tenentur explicite
<lb ed="Bd" n="33"/>scire et credere.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e426">
<lb ed="Bd" n="34"/>8. Item, Ponamus aliquam vetulam
<lb ed="Bd" n="35"/>simphcem et piam habentem
reveren<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="36"/>tiam ad suum pastorem de quo nihil
<lb ed="Bd" n="37"/>mali scit, audire ab ipso suo pastore
he<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="38"/>resim, et credere, ideo quia putat esse
<lb ed="Bd" n="39"/>credendum quidquid ille dicit : numquid
<lb ed="Bd" n="40"/>dicemus eam damnari si moritur in tali
<lb ed="Bd" n="41"/>statu: vel si comprehenditur, numquid
<lb ed="Bd" n="42"/>erit cremanda pro heretica? Videtur,
<lb ed="Bd" n="43"/>quod non : quia ignorantia excusat a
<lb ed="Bd" n="44"/>toto. Si autem dicas, quod sic : ergo ipsa
<lb ed="Bd" n="45"/>tenebitur scire articulos explicite, etiam
<lb ed="Bd" n="46"/>indocta ab alio : quia si doceri debet, a
<lb ed="Bd" n="47"/>proprio pastore doceri eam oportebit.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e459">
<lb ed="Bd" n="48"/>9. Item, Charitas est de diligendo Deo
<lb ed="Bd" n="49"/>et proximo : et oportet cognoscere dis~
<lb ed="Bd" n="50"/>lincte utrumque : crgo cum similiter se
<lb ed="Bd" n="51"/>habeat fides ad articulos, videtur quod
<lb ed="Bd" n="52"/>fides distincte debet scire articulos.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e473">
<lb ed="Bd" n="53"/>Solutio Sine praejudicio dico, quod
<lb ed="Bd" n="54"/>neque ante adventum, neque post, sine
<lb ed="Bd" n="55"/>revelatione divina et doctrina tenetur
<lb ed="Bd" n="56"/>explicite scire articulos, sed implicite ,
<lb ed="Bd" n="57"/>sed hoc supposito certissime nihil
dubi<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="58"/>tandum, quod revelatio sit Keclesie, et
<lb ed="Bd" n="59"/>semper facta est Kcclesic : et quicumque
<lb ed="Bd" n="60"/>tales sunt illi vocantur majores, quia ab
<lb ed="Bd" n="61"/>illis alii sunt instruendi : et hoc aliter fit
<lb ed="Bd" n="62"/>modo, aliter antiquitus. Antiquitus enim
<lb ed="Bd" n="63"/>fiebat ad manifestationem articulorum
<lb ed="Bd" n="64"/>illa revelatio, sed modo fit ad
expositio<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="65"/>nem corum, quia omnes sunt declarati
<lb ed="Bd" n="66"/>quos oportet credi. Simplices igitur ante
<lb ed="Bd" n="67"/>adventum et simplices post adventum,
<lb ed="Bd" n="68"/>non tenentur scire explicite, sed nec
im<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="69"/>plicite, nisi in quantum docti sunt a
ma<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="70"/>joribus, et intellectu per doctrinam
per<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="71"/>cipere potuerunt : sed ilh qui
pracesse<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="72"/>runt, minus tenebantur propter
doctri<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="73"/>nam umbrosam quae tune erat: isti
au<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="74"/>tem plus propter docirinam veritatis
<lb ed="Bd" n="75"/>apertam.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e525">
<lb ed="Bd" n="76"/>Dicendum ergo ad primum quod
con<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="77"/>tra hoc objicitur, quod Boetius dicit
<lb ed="Bd" n="78"/>verum : sed est cognitio duplex, scilicet
<lb ed="Bd" n="79"/>explicita, et implicita : non enim oportet
<lb ed="Bd" n="80"/>me cognoscere omne malum in
particu<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="81"/>lari, sed tantum ipsum sub consilio
<lb ed="Bd" n="82"/>sapientis, scilicet si aliquod occurrat
<lb ed="Bd" n="83"/>incertum an sit malum, recurram ad
sa<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="84"/>pientem, et judicio illius vitabo. Ita in
<lb ed="Bd" n="85"/>fide si nova doctrina proponatur,
recur<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="86"/>ram ad sacerdotem, et judicio illius
cre<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="87"/>dam, vel non credam.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e554">
<lb ed="Bd" n="88"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod debitor est
<lb ed="Bd" n="89"/>universe fidei implicite, ita quod nihil
<lb ed="Bd" n="90"/>omnium discredat.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e563">
<lb ed="Bd" n="91"/>Ad aliud dicendum,: quod Philosophi
<lb ed="Bd" n="92"/>et heretici non crediderunt implicite, quia
<lb ed="Bd" n="93"/>discrediderunt : implicite autem credens,
<pb ed="#Bd" n="481"/>
<cb ed="#Bd" n="a"/>
<lb ed="Bd" n="1"/>nullum discredit articulum, licet explicite
<lb ed="Bd" n="2"/>nesciat.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e581">
<lb ed="Bd" n="3"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod mensura
im<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="4"/>pletur non discredendo aliquem, ut dictum
<lb ed="Bd" n="5"/>est.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e590">
<lb ed="Bd" n="6"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod hoc cautum
<lb ed="Bd" n="7"/>est ut sepe et lucide explanetur laicis :
<lb ed="Bd" n="8"/>sed. hoc potest fieri modo in tempore
gra<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="9"/>tiem : et famen quia hebetem sensum
ha<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="10"/>bent, non tenentur ita explicite
intellige<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="11"/>re sicut explanatur eis : quia ipsi
reci<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="12"/>piunt explanalhionem secundum suam
po<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="13"/>testatem intelligendi, et non secundum
<lb ed="Bd" n="14"/>voluntatem explanantis. Ante adventum
<lb ed="Bd" n="15"/>autem non poterat fieri nisi prout tempus
<lb ed="Bd" n="16"/>tune permisit, scilicet in umbra et
ty<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="17"/>po : et illi minus tenebantur, quam
<lb ed="Bd" n="18"/>rth.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e622">
<lb ed="Bd" n="19"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod licet fides
<lb ed="Bd" n="20"/>distincte in auditu recipiatur, tamen a
<lb ed="Bd" n="21"/>simplici id quod auditur, non
intelligi<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="22"/>tar, nisi sub involuto, et non distincte,
<lb ed="Bd" n="23"/>sicut prius dictum est.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e635">
<lb ed="Bd" n="24"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod non
relin<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="25"/>quentur laici pro hereticis, propter illud
<lb ed="Bd" n="26"/>guod non distinguere sciunt quosdam
<lb ed="Bd" n="27"/>articulos : sed quia pertinaciter eis
con<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="28"/>tradicunt, quando exponuntur eis : hoc
<lb ed="Bd" n="29"/>enim fieri non posset nisi jam
infidelita<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="30"/>tiem ab hereticis recepissent contra
arti<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="31"/>culum :sienim ideo comburcrentur, quia
<lb ed="Bd" n="32"/>nesciunt distinguere articulos vel
cxpli<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="33"/>care, ipsi inquisitores comburendi
es<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="34"/>sent, quia nec ipsi multum bene sciunt.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e661">
<lb ed="Bd" n="35"/>Ad aliud dicendum, qued ibi dubie in
<lb ed="Bd" n="36"/>casu illo respondent Doctores : sed tamen
<lb ed="Bd" n="37"/>omnes concordant, quod mortaliter
pec<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="38"/>cent discredendo articulum pertinaciter.
<lb ed="Bd" n="39"/>Si autem dubitat parata emendare,
di<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="40"/>cunt quod est tentatio humana. Unde
<lb ed="Bd" n="41"/>quidam dicunt, quod si fecerit pietatis
<lb ed="Bd" n="42"/>operibus insistendo, quidquid poterit,
<lb ed="Bd" n="43"/>Deus illam illuminabit, quod non sit illi
<lb ed="Bd" n="44"/>sacerdoti credendum in tali doctrina. Si
<lb ed="Bd" n="45"/>autem non fecerit quidquid potest, tunc
<lb ed="Bd" n="46"/>sibi causam suae caecitatis imputet. Sed
<lb ed="Bd" n="47"/>quia hac responsio super incertum
fun<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="48"/>datur, cujus nullam possumus invenire
<lb ed="Bd" n="49"/>rationem : ideo alii aliter dicunt, quod
<cb ed="#Bd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="Bd" n="50"/>si est de aperto articulo qui in Ecclesia
<lb ed="Bd" n="51"/>solemnizatur, tunc debet examinare apud
<lb ed="Bd" n="52"/>alios, utrum ita dicatur communiter :
<lb ed="Bd" n="53"/>quia fides non est unius, sed communis :
<lb ed="Bd" n="54"/>et tunc imstrul potest : si autem est de
<lb ed="Bd" n="55"/>occulto aliquo, ut fornicationem non esse
<lb ed="Bd" n="56"/>peccatum, vel corpus Christi non esse in
<lb ed="Bd" n="57"/>altari, sed significari : non debet hoc
re<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="58"/>cipere quod supra vires suas est, nisi sub
<lb ed="Bd" n="59"/>conditione, si hoc credat universalis
Ec<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="60"/>clesia, et debet remanere in fide
implici<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="61"/>ta, preecipuc cum est de corpore Christi,
<lb ed="Bd" n="62"/>quia de fornicatione etiam turpitude
ac<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="63"/>tus satis ostendit ei, quod mortale
pecca<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="64"/>tum est. Tamen iste casus sepius in con~
<lb ed="Bd" n="65"/>fessionibus occurrit propter libidinem
<lb ed="Bd" n="66"/>sacerdotum, hoc quibusdam mulieribus
<lb ed="Bd" n="67"/>persuadentium.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-e92355-d1e737">
<lb ed="Bd" n="68"/>Ad vitTimum dicendum, quod non est Ad object.
<lb ed="Bd" n="69"/>simile de charitate : quia charitas non
<lb ed="Bd" n="70"/>querit ralionem, sed objectum tantum :
<lb ed="Bd" n="71"/>et non distinguit, quia non diligit
pro<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="72"/>ximum nisi materialiter : fides autem
<lb ed="Bd" n="73"/>permixta est cuidam cognitioni et
in<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="74"/>tellectui : et ad illum non omnes
suffi<lb break="no" ed="Bd" n="75"/>clunt.
</p>
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