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cod-al7b29_alalal-h67086.xml
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cod-al7b29_alalal-h67086.xml
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<title>Articulus 7</title>
<author ref="#Albert">Albertus Magnus</author>
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<name ref="#jeffreycwitt">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
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<title>Articulus 7</title>
<date when="2022-06-21">June 21, 2022</date>
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<witness xml:id="Be" n="cod-al7b29">Paris 1894, v. 29</witness>
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<div xml:id="alalal-h67086"><!-- l4d18a7 -->
<head xml:id="alalal-h67086-Hd1e99">Articulus 7</head>
<head xml:id="alalal-h67086-Hd1e101" type="question-title">An sacerdos valeat absolvere a culpa et
a reatu pane aeterne ?</head>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e104">
<cb ed="#Be" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="6"/>ARTICULUS VII.
<lb ed="#Be" n="7"/>An sacerdos valeat absolvere a culpa et
<lb ed="#Be" n="8"/>a reatu pane aeterne ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e115">
<lb ed="#Be" n="9"/>Deinde queritur de hoc quod dicit,
<lb ed="#Be" n="10"/>ibi, C, <quote xml:id="alalal-h67086-Qd1e121"> Usus vero harum clavium,
<lb ed="#Be" n="11"/>etc. </quote> .
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e127">
<lb ed="#Be" n="12"/>Ratione enim hujus queritur de use
<lb ed="#Be" n="13"/>clavium : et quia haec questio multiplex
<lb ed="#Be" n="14"/>est, nos quemlibet ejus articulum
dedu<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="15"/>cemus ubi cadit super Litteram.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e139">
<lb ed="#Be" n="16"/>Et primo, Quaeramus de illo usu
com<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="17"/>muni quem Magister determinat primo
<lb ed="#Be" n="18"/>in Littera, scilivet utrum sacerdus
ab<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="19"/>solvere valeta culpa, et a reatu poenae
<lb ed="#Be" n="20"/>ceterne ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e152">
<lb ed="#Be" n="21"/>Et videtur, quod sic:
<lb ed="#Be" n="22"/>11. Majus enim est mereri alicui
pri<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="23"/>mam gratiam qui indignus est gratia,
<lb ed="#Be" n="24"/>quam absolvere a culpa eum qui
absolu<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="25"/>tione est dignus: et primum potest mereri
<lb ed="#Be" n="26"/>homo, etiam qui non est vicarius
Chri<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="27"/>sti: ergo et hoc secundum potest
ho<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="28"/>mo, precipue qui est vicarius Christi:
<lb ed="#Be" n="29"/>hic autem est sacerdos in confessione :
<lb ed="#Be" n="30"/>ergo in confessione sacerdos potest ab-
<cb ed="#Be" n="c"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="31"/>solvere a culpa et poena mortis aeterne,
<lb ed="#Be" n="32"/>ut videtur.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e183">
<lb ed="#Be" n="33"/>2. Item, Hugo de sancto Victore in
li<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="34"/>bello de Potestate ligandi et solvendi di-.
<lb ed="#Be" n="35"/>cit sic : <quote xml:id="alalal-h67086-Qd1e191"> Sicut in divina absolutione
mu<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="36"/>tatur poena wternain purgatoriam, sic in
<lb ed="#Be" n="37"/>sacerdotali transfertur divina sententia
<lb ed="#Be" n="38"/>in humanam: </quote> divina autem sententia
<lb ed="#Be" n="39"/>est poena aeterna, et reatus poenae aeter-_
<lb ed="#Be" n="40"/>ne: ergo in humana et sacerdotali
ab<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="41"/>solutione transfertur poona aeterna: sed
<lb ed="#Be" n="42"/>hec non potest transferri nisi culpa
absol<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="43"/>vatur: ergo videtur, quod in sacerdotis
<lb ed="#Be" n="44"/>absolutione relaxetur culpa.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e214">
<lb ed="#Be" n="45"/>3. Adhuc, Si rex terrenus alicui com~
<lb ed="#Be" n="46"/>mitteret vices suas in judicio rerum,
da<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="47"/>ret ei plenariam potestatem absolvendi
<lb ed="#Be" n="48"/>volentes satisfacere, et ligandi et
condem<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="49"/>nandi eos qui impcenitentes permanent:
<lb ed="#Be" n="50"/>ille minister posset absolvere a culpa et
<lb ed="#Be" n="51"/>pena: ergo cum liberior sit indulgentia
<lb ed="#Be" n="52"/>divina, quam humana aliqua possit esse,
<lb ed="#Be" n="53"/>videtur quod vicarii Christi, quibus in
<lb ed="#Be" n="54"/>foro poenitentiae dixit: Quecumgue
sol<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="55"/>veritis, etc., possint absolvere a culpa
<lb ed="#Be" n="56"/>et poena.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e243">
<lb ed="#Be" n="57"/>Sx autem hoc concedatur, probetur
<lb ed="#Be" n="58"/>contrarium per ea quae dicuntur in Lié-
<lb ed="#Be" n="59"/>tera ex dictis Hieronymi et Cassiodori,
<lb ed="#Be" n="60"/>que non oportet hic adducere.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e254">
<lb ed="#Be" n="61"/>Sed per rationem objicitur sic:
Tem<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="62"/>porale finitum, non potest in infinitum
<pb ed="#Be" n="775"/>
<cb ed="#Be" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="1"/>et aeternum : sed omnis sacerdotum
pote<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="2"/>stas est temporalis et finita: ergo non
<lb ed="#Be" n="3"/>otest in infinitum et aeternum : sed culpa
<lb ed="#Be" n="4"/>est infinita et aeterna : ergo non potest
<lb ed="#Be" n="5"/>aliquis sacerdos in remissionem culpe et
<lb ed="#Be" n="6"/>pene aeterne,
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e279">
<lb ed="#Be" n="7"/>Responsio. Dicendum, quod sacerdos
<lb ed="#Be" n="8"/>non potest absolvere a culpa et poena
<lb ed="#Be" n="9"/>eterna : sed tantum absolvit relaxando
<lb ed="#Be" n="10"/>partem poene, nisi illo modo quo supra
<lb ed="#Be" n="11"/>dictum est, quod votum clavium est in
<lb ed="#Be" n="12"/>contritione habendo vim quamdam ad
<lb ed="#Be" n="13"/>remissionem totius peccati.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e297">
<lb ed="#Be" n="14"/>Ad id autem quod objicitur primo,
di<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="15"/>cendum quod non est simile quod
indu<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="16"/>citur : quia ille qui meretur primam
gra<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="17"/>tiam alicui, non dat gratiam, sed inclinat
<lb ed="#Be" n="18"/>Deum ad dandum: sed ministri in sa-
<cb ed="#Be" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="19"/>cramentis aliquo modo agunt ad hoc ut
<lb ed="#Be" n="20"/>fiat effectus sacramenti: et ideo non
pot<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="21"/>est esse in potestate ministri conferre
<lb ed="#Be" n="22"/>gratiam, sed tantum diminutionem
pe<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="23"/>ne.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e323">
<lb ed="#Be" n="24"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod Hugo
divi<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="25"/>nam sententiam vocat poenam
tempora<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="26"/>lem purgatoriam, non tamen viribus
<lb ed="#Be" n="27"/>penitentis proportionatam : et humanam
<lb ed="#Be" n="28"/>sententiam vocat poenam portabilem
pro<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="29"/>portionatam viribus poenitentis: et hac
<lb ed="#Be" n="30"/>fit bene in absolutione hominis.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e341">
<lb ed="#Be" n="31"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod vicarius
re<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="32"/>gis non constituitur nisi super offensam
<lb ed="#Be" n="33"/>finitam et temporalem : et illa potest
<lb ed="#Be" n="34"/>constitui in hominis potestate : sed de
<lb ed="#Be" n="35"/>offensa Dei secus est, quae est iniinita,
<lb ed="#Be" n="36"/>et ideo non potest constitui in hominis
<lb ed="#Be" n="37"/>potestate.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e359">
<cb ed="#Be" n="c"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="38"/>D. Si sacerdos potest dimittere vel retinere peccata ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e366">
<lb ed="#Be" n="39"/>Sed quaeritur, Utrum a peccato solvere valeat sacerdos, id est, a culpa :
<lb ed="#Be" n="40"/>ut culpa maculam abstergat, vel debitum aterne mortis solvere valeat ?
<lb ed="#Be" n="41"/>Quidam arbitrati sunt, cum peccator dupliciter ligatus teneatur, ut
preedi<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="42"/>ctum est, scilicet mentis contagione ac cecitate, et debito future pene :
<lb ed="#Be" n="43"/>alterum curari per Deum, alterum solvi per sacerdotem. Patitur enim per
<lb ed="#Be" n="44"/>peccatum quasdam tenebras interiores et maculas, a quibus nisi liberetur,
<lb ed="#Be" n="45"/>projicietur in tenebras exteriores '. Cum autem liberatur ab his, suscitatur
<lb ed="#Be" n="46"/>morte peccati. Unde Apostolus : Surge qui dormis,... et illuminabit te
<lb ed="#Be" n="47"/>Christus. Solus enim Christus, non sacerdos, animam resuscilat, ac
<lb ed="#Be" n="48"/>pulsis tenebris interioribus et maculis, eam illuminat et mundat, qui
<lb ed="#Be" n="49"/>anime faciem lavat : debitum vero aterne poene solvere concessit
sacer<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="50"/>dotibus. Quod in resurrectione Lazari * signatum asserunt : quem Christus
<lb ed="#Be" n="51"/>Prius per se interius vivificavit, deinde foras exire jussit : eumque adhuc
<pb ed="#Be" n="776"/>
<cb ed="#Be" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="1"/>ligatum solvere Apostolis preecepit : quia, ut aiunt, ipse interius animam a
<lb ed="#Be" n="2"/>caligine maculaque peccati emundat, sacerdotibus vero dedit vinculuy
<lb ed="#Be" n="3"/>zternae mortis solvere. Alii vero dicunt solum Deum, non sacerdotem,
<lb ed="#Be" n="4"/>debitum sternee mortis dimittere, sicut et animam interius per se vivificat.
<lb ed="#Be" n="5"/>nec tamen diffitentur sacerdotibus traditam potestatem peccata dimittend;
<lb ed="#Be" n="6"/>et retinendi, quibus dictum est: Quorum remiserilis peccata, etc.’ Sicyt
<lb ed="#Be" n="7"/>enim Christus retinuit sibi potestatem baptismi, ita et pcenitentiae. Et ideo
<lb ed="#Be" n="8"/>sicut interius gratia sua animam illuminat, ita et simul debitum aeterna
<lb ed="#Be" n="9"/>mortis relaxat. Ipse enim per seipsum peccata poenitentium tegit: et tune.
<lb ed="#Be" n="10"/>tegit, quando ad poenam non reservat. Tunc.ergo tegit, quando debitum
<lb ed="#Be" n="11"/>peene solvit. Quod autem ipse tegat, a parte dicit Augustinus exponens
<lb ed="#Be" n="12"/>illum locum Psalmi : Quorum tecfa sunt peccata®*, id est, cooperta et
abo<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="13"/>lita. Si enim texit Deus peccata, noluit adveértere: si noluit advertere,
<lb ed="#Be" n="14"/>noluit animadvertere, id est, punire, sed ignoscere *. Ita ergo dicit a Deo
<lb ed="#Be" n="15"/>tecta, ut Deus non videat, id est, wternaliter puniat. Videre enim Dei
<lb ed="#Be" n="16"/>peccata, est ad poenam imputare. Avertere autem faciem a peccatis, hoc
<lb ed="#Be" n="17"/>est ea ad poenam non reservare. Item, Hieronymus : Quibus Deus dimittit
<lb ed="#Be" n="18"/>peccata, tegit ne in judicio revelentur . Item, Cassiodorus : Qui gravia
<lb ed="#Be" n="19"/>habent peccata, aliis Deus imputat, aliis per misericordiam non imputat.
<lb ed="#Be" n="20"/>Ex his aperte ostenditur, quod Deus ipse poenitentem solvit a debito poena:
<lb ed="#Be" n="21"/>et tune solvit, quando intus illuminat inspirando veram cordis
contritio<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="22"/>nem. Cui sententiae ratio suffragatur, et auctoritates attestantur. Nemo
<lb ed="#Be" n="23"/>enim vere compungitur de peccato, habens cor contritum et humiliatum’,
<lb ed="#Be" n="24"/>nisi in charitate. Qui autem charitatem habet, dignus est vita aeterna. -
<lb ed="#Be" n="25"/>Nemo autem simul vita et morte dignus est. Non est ergo tunc ligatus
<lb ed="#Be" n="26"/>debito aeterne mortis. Filius enim iree esse desiit®, ex quo diligere et
<lb ed="#Be" n="27"/>peenitere ccepit. Ex tunc ergo solutus est ab ira, quae non manet super
<lb ed="#Be" n="28"/>illum, qui credit in Christum, sed super illum qui non credit ’. Non ergo
<lb ed="#Be" n="29"/>postmodum per sacerdotem cui confitetur, ab ira aeterna liberatur, a qua
<lb ed="#Be" n="30"/>jam liberatus est per Dominum, ex quo dixit, Confilebor. Solus ergo Deus
<lb ed="#Be" n="31"/>hominem interius mundat a peccati macula, et a debito aeterne pene
<lb ed="#Be" n="32"/>solvit, qui per Prophetam ait : Ego solus deleo iniquitates et peccata
<pb ed="#Be" n="777"/>
<cb ed="#Be" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Be" n="1"/>populi. Item, Ambrosius : Verbum Dei dimittit peccata, sacerdos, et
<lb ed="#Be" n="2"/>judex. Sacerdos quidem officium suum exhibet, sed nullius potestatis jura
<lb ed="#Be" n="3"/>exercet *. Idem, Ile solus peccata dimilttit, qui solus pro peccatis nostris
<lb ed="#Be" n="4"/>mortuus est. Item, Augustinus : Nemo tollit peccata, nisi solus Deus, qui
<lb ed="#Be" n="5"/>est agnus tollens peccata mundi *. Tollit autem et dimittendo quae facta
<lb ed="#Be" n="6"/>sunt, et adjuvando ne fiant, et perducendo ad vitam, ubi omnino fieri non
<lb ed="#Be" n="7"/>possunt.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-h67086-d1e491">
<lb ed="#Be" n="8"/>His aliisque pluribus testimoniis docetur, Dominum solum per se
pec<lb break="no" ed="#Be" n="9"/>cata dimittere : et sicut dimiltit quibusdam, ita et aliorum quorumdam
<lb ed="#Be" n="10"/>peccata retinet.
</p>
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