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cod-al7b30_alalal-i64517.xml
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cod-al7b30_alalal-i64517.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<teiHeader>
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<titleStmt>
<title>Articulus 18</title>
<author ref="#Albert">Albertus Magnus</author>
<respStmt>
<name ref="#jeffreycwitt">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>Transcription Editor</resp>
<resp>TEI Encoder</resp>
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<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<title>Articulus 18</title>
<date when="2022-06-21">June 21, 2022</date>
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<witness xml:id="Bf" n="cod-al7b30">Paris 1894, v. 30</witness>
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<front>
<div xml:id="starts-on">
<pb ed="#Bf" n="307"/>
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<body>
<div xml:id="alalal-i64517"><!-- l4d33a18 -->
<head xml:id="alalal-i64517-Hd1e99">Articulus 18</head>
<head xml:id="alalal-i64517-Hd1e101" type="question-title">In omnis motus gulae sit peccatum ? et,
An semper gula sit peccatum mortale ?
et, An gula sit majus peccatum quam
luxuria ?</head>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e104">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="5"/>ARTICULUS XVIII,.
<lb ed="#Bf" n="6"/>In omnis motus gulae sit peccatum ? et,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="7"/>An semper gula sit peccatum mortale ?
<lb ed="#Bf" n="8"/>et, An gula sit majus peccatum quam
<lb ed="#Bf" n="9"/>luxuria ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e117">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="10"/>Quarto queritur, Utrum omnis motus
<lb ed="#Bf" n="11"/>yule sit peccatum ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e124">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="12"/>Videtur, quod sic : quia
<lb ed="#Bf" n="13"/>1. Sicut dicitur in secundo
Sententia<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="14"/>rum, omnis tentatio a carne est
pecca<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="15"/>tum : sed in quolibet motu gule est
ten<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="16"/>tatio a carne : ergo quilibet motus gule
<lb ed="#Bf" n="17"/>est peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e141">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="18"/>2. Item, Omnis appetitus in
delecta<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="19"/>tione luxuria, est peccatum, adeo ut si
<lb ed="#Bf" n="20"/>quis accedat ad uxorem propter
delecta<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="21"/>lionem, peccat : sed omnis appetitus
gu<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="22"/>lw est propter delectionem cibi: ergo
<lb ed="#Bf" n="23"/>omne tale est peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e157">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="24"/>Ulterius queritur, Utrum gula
sem<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="25"/>per sit mortale peccatum ?
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e164">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="26"/>Et videtur, quod sic:
<lb ed="#Bf" n="27"/>1. In peccato enim contingit triplex
<lb ed="#Bf" n="28"/>esse movens : aut quando natura preit
<lb ed="#Bf" n="29"/>et libido sequitur : aut quando movent
<lb ed="#Bf" n="30"/>simul, ita quod non discernitur quid
<lb ed="#Bf" n="31"/>primo moveat : aut quando libido
pre<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="32"/>cedit, et natura sequitur. Sed quando
<lb ed="#Bf" n="33"/>natura pracedit et libido se immiscet, est
<lb ed="#Bf" n="34"/>peecatum veniale : ergo videtur, quod
<lb ed="#Bf" n="35"/>quando libido precedit et natura
sequi<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="36"/>tur, quod sit mortale : et haec sit ratio
<lb ed="#Bf" n="37"/>judicandi aliquid mortale in gula : et
<lb ed="#Bf" n="38"/>hoe multoties contingit.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e195">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="39"/>2. Item, Actus excellentia corrumpit
<lb ed="#Bf" n="40"/>medium : sed maxime est actus
excel<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="41"/>jentia, quando interdicitur ratio, quod
<cb ed="#Bf" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bf" n="42"/>fit quando libido prait et natura
sequi<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="43"/>tur: ergo tunccorrumpitur medium
vir<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="44"/>tutis: sed noncorrumpitur nisi per
pec<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="45"/>catum mortale : ergo erit secundum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="46"/>predictam regulam semper peccatum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="47"/>mortale.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e219">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="48"/>3. Item, Omnis abundantia corrumpit
<lb ed="#Bf" n="49"/>medium : sed gula est semper
abundan<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="50"/>tia consistens, alioquin non esset vitium
<lb ed="#Bf" n="51"/>semper: ergo corrumpit medium
vir<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="52"/>tutis, et ita semper est peccatum
mor<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="53"/>tale.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e235">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="54"/>4. Item, In actibus hominum nihil
<lb ed="#Bf" n="55"/>potest turpius esse, nisi quando movens
<lb ed="#Bf" n="56"/>est turpe, materia turpis, et finis turpis:
<lb ed="#Bf" n="57"/>sed quando libido precedit, movens est
<lb ed="#Bf" n="58"/>turpe, scilicet libido : et finis, quia
pro<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="59"/>pter delectationem : et etiam materia
si<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="60"/>ve objectum, quia circa bonum
commu<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="61"/>tabile : ergo nihil potest esse turpius :
<lb ed="#Bf" n="62"/>ergo est peccatum mortale.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e258">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="63"/>Utrerivus queritur, Quid sit majus
pec<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="64"/>catum, an gula, vel luxuria ? |
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e265">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="65"/>Et videtur, quod gula : quia
<lb ed="#Bf" n="66"/>1. Sicut dicit Philosophus, <quote xml:id="alalal-i64517-Qd1e271"> Id ad
<lb ed="#Bf" n="67"/>quod magis inclinati sumus, magis
con<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="68"/>trariatur medio: </quote> sed magis inclinati
<lb ed="#Bf" n="69"/>sumus ad delectabilia gule, quam ad.
de<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="70"/>lectabilia luxurie, quia sine illis esse non
<lb ed="#Bf" n="71"/>possumus: ergo gula magis
contraria<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="72"/>tur medio virtutis, quam luxuria.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e288">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="73"/>2. Item, Sicut dicit Augustinus, <quote xml:id="alalal-i64517-Qd1e292"> Ubi
<lb ed="#Bf" n="74"/>est major corruptio, ibi est minus
pec<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="75"/>catum : </quote> sed magis corrupta est
gene<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="76"/>rativa, quam nutritiva, quia generativa
<lb ed="#Bf" n="77"/>est etiam infecta : ergo cum luxuria sit
<lb ed="#Bf" n="78"/>circa generationem, gula circa
nutritio<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="79"/>nem, luxuria erit majus peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e309">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="80"/>SED CONTRA :
<lb ed="#Bf" n="81"/>Ubi est necessitas major, ibi est minus
<lb ed="#Bf" n="82"/>peccatum : sed major necessitas
incum<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="83"/>bit circa delectabilia gule, quam circa
<lb ed="#Bf" n="84"/>delectabilia luxurie : ergo gula est minus
<lb ed="#Bf" n="85"/>peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e325">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="86"/>Responsio. Dicendum, quod gula est
<lb ed="#Bf" n="87"/>semper peccatum, non tamen semper est
<lb ed="#Bf" n="88"/>mortale : nec etiam quandocumque prae-
<pb ed="#Bf" n="308"/>
<cb ed="#Bf" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bf" n="1"/>cedit libido et sequitur natura, est
pec<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="2"/>catum mortale : hoc enim contingit
<lb ed="#Bf" n="3"/>quotiescumque aliquis appetit cibum
so<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="4"/>lum propter delectationem, vel intendens
<lb ed="#Bf" n="5"/>aliquam utilitatem, vel anime, vel
cor<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="6"/>poris : quod maltoties contingit sine
<lb ed="#Bf" n="7"/>peccato mortali. Sed ad sciendum
regu<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="8"/>lam, qua possumus judicare quando est
<lb ed="#Bf" n="9"/>mortale, et quando veniale, nofandum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="10"/>est, quod ad determinationem medi in
<lb ed="#Bf" n="11"/>quo consislit medium sobrietatis, tria
re<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="12"/>quiruntur, scilicet ratio delerminans, et
<lb ed="#Bf" n="13"/>medium determinatum, et id respectu
<lb ed="#Bf" n="14"/>cujus determinatur, scilicet virtus
nu<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="15"/>tritiva, ut scilicet Lantum sumatur,
quan<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="16"/>tum potest convertere virtus naturalis,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="17"/>et quantum potest sufficere ul
conserve<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="18"/>turin suo esse et in suo vigore, et in
<lb ed="#Bf" n="19"/>comparatione ad opus quod debet
exer<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="20"/>cere. Similiter medii corraptio potest
<lb ed="#Bf" n="21"/>secundum ista tria altendi : potest enim
<lb ed="#Bf" n="22"/>esse corruptio medii secundum se, et
se<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="23"/>cundum hoc non potest attendi ratio
<lb ed="#Bf" n="24"/>peccati quin lateat quantum sit
determi<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="25"/>natum medium : unde potest corrumpi
<lb ed="#Bf" n="26"/>hoc modo medium salva recta ratione.
<lb ed="#Bf" n="27"/>Si autem atlenditur corruptio medii
pe<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="28"/>nes id cujus proportione determinatur,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="29"/>si per intellectum separetur determinatio
<lb ed="#Bf" n="30"/>rationis, secundum hoc erit peccatum in
<lb ed="#Bf" n="31"/>natura quae generatur ex superfluitate
<lb ed="#Bf" n="32"/>vel diminutione cibi. Restat ergo, quod
<lb ed="#Bf" n="33"/>regula peccati sumatur quando
corrum<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="34"/>pitur medium ex parte recta rationis :
<lb ed="#Bf" n="35"/>ralio autem regulatur ad determinandum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="36"/>medium, vel rationibus naturalibus
de<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="37"/>terminando medium secundum
propor<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="38"/>tionem virtutis nutritive: et si
corrum<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="39"/>patur secundum hoc, erit peecatum in
<lb ed="#Bf" n="40"/>natura, sicul et premium : vel
rationi<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="41"/>bus civilibus, ut scilicet determinetur
<lb ed="#Bf" n="42"/>medium in cibis per circuustantias
civi<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="43"/>les, quas decet observari in
conserya<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="44"/>dione civium, ut scilicet quando et ubi
<lb ed="#Bf" n="45"/>et quantum oportet secundum
conditio<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="46"/>nem suam et secundum opus suum : et
<lb ed="#Bf" n="47"/>secundum hoc etiam est iterum vitium
<lb ed="#Bf" n="48"/>civile in corruptione medi, et non
secun<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="49"/>dum theologum qui considerat rationem
<cb ed="#Bf" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Bf" n="50"/>peccati secundum comparationem ad
<lb ed="#Bf" n="51"/>reatum divine ullionis, Aliquando vero
<lb ed="#Bf" n="52"/>regulatur rationibus divinis ad determi~
<lb ed="#Bf" n="53"/>nandum medium: ut quando determinat
<lb ed="#Bf" n="54"/>minus sumendo, quam requirat virtus
<lb ed="#Bf" n="55"/>naturalis secundum vigorem suum, licet
<lb ed="#Bf" n="56"/>nou subtrahat ei quo indiget ad
susten<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="57"/>tafionem esse : vel propter satisfactionem
<lb ed="#Bf" n="58"/>pro peccato, quia cum additione
necessa<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="59"/>rii simul augetur concupiscentia, vel
<lb ed="#Bf" n="60"/>etiam propter aliquod statutum. Et in
<lb ed="#Bf" n="61"/>hoc considerato est mensura peccati
<lb ed="#Bf" n="62"/>quando enim ratio determinat medium
<lb ed="#Bf" n="63"/>contra preceptum, est peccatum
mor<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="64"/>tale: quando vero non est preceptum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="65"/>contrarium, sed praeter praceptum
de<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="66"/>terminat, est veniale peccatum. Et hoc
<lb ed="#Bf" n="67"/>est universaliter tencndum in omnibus
<lb ed="#Bf" n="68"/>in quibus potest esse mortale et veniale
<lb ed="#Bf" n="69"/>peceatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e490">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="70"/>Prima duo objecta concedimus.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e496">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="71"/>Ad aliud autem dicendum, quod non,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="72"/>quandocumque moveat libido propter
<lb ed="#Bf" n="73"/>delectationem, est mortale peccatum
<lb ed="#Bf" n="74"/>licet enim precedat libido, non tamen
<lb ed="#Bf" n="75"/>natura usquequaque sequitur, ul ponat
<lb ed="#Bf" n="76"/>finem suum in illa delectatione, sed adhuc
<lb ed="#Bf" n="77"/>potest regulari, licet sequatur aliquo
<lb ed="#Bf" n="78"/>modo libidinem.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e516">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="79"/>Similiter ad sequens dicendum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e521">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="80"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod propter hoc
<lb ed="#Bf" n="81"/>quod latet medium, sufficit esse propric
<lb ed="#Bf" n="82"/>medium, quantumeumgque aliquo modo
<lb ed="#Bf" n="83"/>disceditur a medio, sed quando perfecte
<lb ed="#Bf" n="84"/>disceditur ab ipso in contrarium,
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e534">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="85"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod finis non
<lb ed="#Bf" n="86"/>est simpliciler Lurpis: quoniam
delecta<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="87"/>tio cibi non ponitur finis ullimus in quo
<lb ed="#Bf" n="88"/>quiescatur ut avertatur a Deo, sed
tur<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="89"/>pior est quando ponifur ultimus finis,
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e547">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="90"/>Ad id quod ulterius queritur,
dicen<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="91"/>dum quod gula est minus peccatum,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="92"/>quam luxuria.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e556">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="93"/>Lit quod objicitur, <quote xml:id="alalal-i64517-Qd1e560"> Id ad quod magis
<lb ed="#Bf" n="94"/>inclinati sumus, etc., </quote> dicendum quod
<lb ed="#Bf" n="95"/>dicitur contrariari magis medio, non
<lb ed="#Bf" n="96"/>quia magis dilfert a medio, sed quia ma~
<pb ed="#Bf" n="309"/>
<cb ed="#Bf" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Bf" n="1"/>gis impedit ne perveniatur ad medium,
<lb ed="#Bf" n="2"/>et propter hoc est minus peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="alalal-i64517-d1e580">
<lb ed="#Bf" n="3"/>Ad aliud dicendum, quod generativa
<lb ed="#Bf" n="4"/>dicitur infecta et magis corrupta propter
<lb ed="#Bf" n="5"/>vehementiam delectationis : sed talis
<lb ed="#Bf" n="6"/>corruptio inducit infirmitatem : et ideo
<lb ed="#Bf" n="7"/>hon excusat a peccato, ut vult
conclu<lb break="no" ed="#Bf" n="8"/>sio.
</p>
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