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ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<teiHeader>
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<titleStmt>
<title>I, P. 1, Inq. 1, Tract. 3, Q. 2, M. 3, C. 3</title>
<author ref="#AlexanderOfHales">Alexander of Hales</author>
<respStmt>
<name xml:id="JW">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>TEI encoder</resp>
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<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<date when="2017-02-27">February 27, 2017</date>
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<publicationStmt>
<authority><ref target="https://www.earlyfranciscans.com">ERC Project 714427: Authority and Innovation in Early Franciscan Thought</ref></authority>
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<p>Published under a
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<listWit> <witness xml:id="Q" n="quaracchi1924">Quaracchi 1924</witness> <witness xml:id="V" n="vatlat701">Vat lat 701</witness> <witness xml:id="B" n="borghlat359">Borgh. lat 359</witness> <witness xml:id="U" n="urblat123">Urb lat 123</witness> <witness xml:id="Pa" n="bnf15331">BnF 15331</witness> </listWit>
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<text xml:lang="la">
<front>
<div xml:id="include-list">
<xi:include href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lombardpress/lombardpress-lists/master/workscited.xml" xpointer="worksCited"/>
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<pb ed="#Q" n="156"/><cb ed="#Q" n="a"/>
</div>
</front>
<body>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-Hd1e3729">I, P. 1, Inq. 1, Tract. 3, Q. 2, M. 3, C. 3</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-Hd1e3732" type="question-title">AN CAUSA PROXIMA FALSITATIS SIT IN RE AN IN RELSIMILITUDINE.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3735">
<lb ed="#Q"/>Postea quaeritur de causa falsitatis, an sit in
<lb ed="#Q"/>re an in rei similitudine.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3742">
<cb ed="#Q" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Q"/>a. Ad quod <name>Augustinus</name>, in libro <title>Soliloquio<lb ed="#Q"/>rum</title><!--5-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-Qd1e3753">Quod oculi vident non dicitur falsum,
<pb ed="#Q" n="157"/>
<cb ed="#Q" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Q"/>nisi habeat aliquam similitudinem veri: ut homo,
<lb ed="#Q"/>quem videmus in somnis, non est verus homo,
<lb ed="#Q"/>sed falsus, eo ipso quod habet veri similitudi<lb ed="#Q"/>nem;</quote>
et sic de aliis; <quote>similitudo ergo rerum
<lb ed="#Q"/>mater est falsitatis</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3773">
<lb ed="#Q"/>b. Item, in eodem<!--1-->: <quote>Apparet in omnibus sen<lb ed="#Q"/>sibus
similitudine lenocinante nos falli<!--a-->, et eas
<lb ed="#Q"/>res falsas nominamus quas veri similes deprehen<lb ed="#Q"/>dimus</quote>.
Ergo etc.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3785">
<lb ed="#Q"/>c. Item, in eodem<!--2-->: <quote>Dubitari non potest esse
<lb ed="#Q"/>falsum quidquam nisi veri imitatione</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3792">
<lb ed="#Q"/>Contra: 1. Obicit <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name><!--3-->: <quote>Imago
<lb ed="#Q"/>in speculo deprehenditur esse falsa, eo quod non
<lb ed="#Q"/>tenetur, non vivit, non sonat</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3801">
<lb ed="#Q"/>2. Item<!--4-->, <quote>homines quos videmus in somnis
<lb ed="#Q"/>teneri<!--b-->, loqui et vivere, si possent teneri et vivere
<lb ed="#Q"/>et loqui, et ab illis, quos videmus vigilantes, non
<lb ed="#Q"/>differrent, veri homines essent; sed ex hoc quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>differunt et dissimiles sunt, veri homines non
<lb ed="#Q"/>sunt: veri autem essent, si non essent dissimi<lb ed="#Q"/>les<!--c-->;
similitudinem ergo veritatis matrem, et dis<lb ed="#Q"/>similitudinem
falsitatis<!--d--> [esse] fatendum est</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3821">
<lb ed="#Q"/>3. Item, <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name>, <title>De vera religione</title><!--5-->:
<quote>Falsitas ex iis est quae imitantur unum<!--e-->, non in
<lb ed="#Q"/>quantum illud imitantur, sed in quantum implere
<lb ed="#Q"/>non possunt</quote>, et loquitur de primo<!--f--> uno quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>est primum principium; sed <quote>in quantum non
<lb ed="#Q"/>possunt implere</quote>, dissimilia sunt illi uni; re<lb ed="#Q"/>linquitur
ergo quod dissimilitudo mater est<!--g--> fal<lb ed="#Q"/>sitatis.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3839">
<lb ed="#Q"/>4. Item, <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name>, ibidem<!--6-->, dicit quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>prima veritas est summa similitudo principii, in<!--h-->
<lb ed="#Q"/>qua nulla est dissimilitudo ex<!--i--> qua falsitas oritur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3848">
<lb ed="#Q"/>5. Item, obicit <name>Augustinus</name>, in <title>Soliloquiis</title><!--k--><!--7-->:
<quote>Cum considero illud quod falsum vocamus, con<lb ed="#Q"/>sidero
aliquid simile habere veri et aliquid dis<lb ed="#Q"/>simile</quote>.
Aut ergo nominatur falsum ex eo quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>simile aut ex eo quod dissimile. <quote>Si ex eo quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>dissimile: nihil est quod falsum dici non possit;
<lb ed="#Q"/>nihil enim est quod alicui<!--l--> dissimile non sit. Si
<lb ed="#Q"/>ex eo quod simile: ova<!--m--> reclamant quae ex eo
<lb ed="#Q"/>vera sunt quo similia</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3869">
<lb ed="#Q"/>6. Item, <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name>, in eodem<!--8-->: <quote>Si quis
<lb ed="#Q"/>dicit lapidem esse argentum, dicit falsum</quote>; nec
<lb ed="#Q"/>ex hoc quod lapis habeat argenti imitationem ali<cb ed="#Q" n="b"/><lb ed="#Q"/>quam
vel quod videatur argentum et non sit;
<lb ed="#Q"/>falsum ergo dicitur non habens veri imitationem
<lb ed="#Q"/>aliquam.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3886">
<lb ed="#Q"/>7. Item, si falsum dicitur propter similitudinem<!--n-->
<lb ed="#Q"/>veri, cum non sit verum, sicut dicitur plumbum
<lb ed="#Q"/>falsum argentum, quod assimilatur argento et
<lb ed="#Q"/>non est argentum: numquid, quaerit <name>Augusti<lb ed="#Q"/>nus</name><!--9-->,
potest dici argentum falsum plumbum,
<lb ed="#Q"/>quod tamen assimilatur plumbo et non est plum<lb ed="#Q"/>bum?
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3904">
<lb ed="#Q"/>Respondeo, secundum <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinum</name><!--10-->, quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>similitudo similis, in quantum huiusmodi, mater
<lb ed="#Q"/>est veritatis. Unde prima veritas est summa si<lb ed="#Q"/>militudo
unitatis<!--o--> principii, quae, sicut ipse dicit<!--11-->,
<quote>id implere<!--p--> potuit et illud esse quod est<!--q--> [illud];
<lb ed="#Q"/>ipsa est quae illud, sicut est, ostendit: unde recte
<lb ed="#Q"/>et Verbum et lux eius dicitur. Cetera illius unius
<lb ed="#Q"/>similia dici possunt in quantum sunt, et in tan<lb ed="#Q"/>tum
vera sunt; haec autem ipsa est eius simili<lb ed="#Q"/>tudo
et ideo veritas. Ut enim veritate prima sunt
<lb ed="#Q"/>quae vera sunt, ita similitudine similia sunt quae<lb ed="#Q"/>cumque
similia sunt<!--r-->, et, in quantum vera<!--s--> sunt,
<lb ed="#Q"/>illius principalis unius similia sunt</quote>. Unde <name>Au<lb ed="#Q"/>gustinus</name>,
in <title>Soliloquiis</title><!--12--> <quote>Falsum est quod
<lb ed="#Q"/>a veri similitudine longe est, sed tamen habet ad
<lb ed="#Q"/>verum nonnullam imitationem</quote>. Item, <name>Augusti<lb ed="#Q"/>nus</name><!--t-->,
<title>De vera religione</title><!--13-->: <quote>Corpora intantum
<lb ed="#Q"/>fallunt, in quantum non implent illud quod con<lb ed="#Q"/>vincuntur
imitari</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3946">
<lb ed="#Q"/>[Ad obiecta]: Ad auctoritates hinc inde<!--14-->
<lb ed="#Q"/>obiectas iam patet responsio: quia non dissimili<lb ed="#Q"/>tudo
tantum nec similitudo mater est falsitatis,
<lb ed="#Q"/>sed dissimilitudo eius quod est simile, in quan<lb ed="#Q"/>tum
huiusmodi.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3959">
<lb ed="#Q"/>6. Ad illud vero quod obicit de illo qui <quote>dicit
<lb ed="#Q"/>lapidem esse argentum, qui dicit falsum</quote>, et ta<lb ed="#Q"/>men<!--u-->
non est similitudo lapidis ad argentum:
<lb ed="#Q"/>dicendum, secundum <name>Augustinum</name>, quod haec<!--v-->
<lb ed="#Q"/>est falsitas dicti vel enuntiationis, non rei; et ideo
<lb ed="#Q"/>similitudo est in<!--x--> dicto vel<!--y--> enuntiatione, quia,
<lb ed="#Q"/>sicut dicit <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name><!--15-->: <quote>Falsa enuntiatio
<lb ed="#Q"/>imitatur veras sententias. Quae si non creditur, eo
<lb ed="#Q"/>solo imitatur [veras] quod ita dicitur; quod si ei
<lb ed="#Q"/>non creditur, est<!--z--> tantum falsa, non etiam fallens;
<lb ed="#Q"/>si autem fidem impetrat, imitatur creditas veras</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l1p1i1t3q2m3c3-d1e3985">
<pb ed="#Q" n="158"/>
<cb ed="#Q" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Q"/>7. Ad ultimum quod quaerit, dicendum, se<lb ed="#Q"/>cundum
<name ref="#Augustine">Augustinum</name>, in <title>Soliloquiis</title><!--1-->: Non
<lb ed="#Q"/>dicitur argentum falsum plumbum, quia <quote>argen<lb ed="#Q"/>tum
melius est, et quasi in contumeliam ei<!--a--> di<lb ed="#Q"/>citur;
plumbi<!--b--> autem velut honor est, si falsum
<lb ed="#Q"/>argentum vocetur</quote>. Similiter imago hominis<!--c--> di<lb ed="#Q"/>citur
falsus homo, non homo falsa imago, quia,
<cb ed="#Q" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Q"/>sicut ipse dicit<!--2-->, <quote>falsum est quod ad similitu<lb ed="#Q"/>dinem
alicuius accommodatum est, nec id tamen
<lb ed="#Q"/>est cuius simile apparet</quote>; non autem homo ad
<lb ed="#Q"/>similitudinem imaginis, sed e converso, nec ar<lb ed="#Q"/>gentum
ad similitudinem plumbi, sed e converso<!--d-->:
<quote>esse enim ad imitationem</quote> alicuius dicit digni<lb ed="#Q"/>tatem
in illo ad cuius imitationem dicitur.
</p>
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</body>
</text>
</TEI>