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ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
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<titleStmt>
<title>IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 5, S. 2, Q. 2, C. 1</title>
<author ref="#AlexanderOfHales">Alexander of Hales</author>
<respStmt>
<name xml:id="JW">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>TEI encoder</resp>
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<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<title>IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 5, S. 2, Q. 2, C. 1</title>
<date when="2017-08-19">August 19, 2017</date>
</edition>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority><ref target="https://www.earlyfranciscans.com">ERC Project 714427: Authority and Innovation in Early Franciscan Thought</ref></authority>
<availability status="free">
<p>Published under a <ref target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</ref>
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<witness xml:id="Qc" n="quaracchi1930">Quaracchi 1930</witness>
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<text xml:lang="la">
<front>
<div xml:id="starts-on"/>
</front>
<body>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Hd1e100">IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 5, S. 2, Q. 2, C. 1</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Hd1e103" type="question-title">UTRUM ACTUS MALUS PER IGNORANTIAM PERPETRATUS SIT PECCATUM<!--2-->.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e106">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Ad primum sic: Videtur quod non sit pec<lb ed="#Qc"/>catum.
1. <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e112">Peccatum</quote> enim, sicut dicitur in
<lb ed="#Qc"/>libro <title>De vera religione</title><!--d3-->, <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e117">adeo voluntarium est
<lb ed="#Qc"/>quod, si non este voluntarium, non est pecca<lb ed="#Qc"/>tum</quote>.
Sed quod est involuntarium non est vo<lb ed="#Qc"/>luntarium;
actus autem malus per ignorantiam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>perpetratus est involuntarius; ergo non est pec<lb ed="#Qc"/>catum.
Quod probatur per hoc quod dicit <name>Phi<lb ed="#Qc"/>losophus</name><!--4-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e133">Involuntariis ignoscentia<!--f--> com<lb ed="#Qc"/>petit
et misericordia</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e139">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>2. Praeterea, involuntarium dicitur<!--5--> quod tristi<lb ed="#Qc"/>tiam
affert et poenitudinem; sed hoc contingit in
<lb ed="#Qc"/>huiusmodi; ergo non est peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e148">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>3. Item, <name>Augustinus</name>, in <title>Quaestion. Veteris
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Testamenti et Novi</title><!--6-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e154">Quo modo reus consti<lb ed="#Qc"/>tuitur
qui nescit quod fecit?</quote> Sed actus malus
<lb ed="#Qc"/>per ignorantiam est huiusmodi; ergo non ex illo
<lb ed="#Qc"/>constituitur aliquis reus peccati vel criminis.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e165">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>4. Item, voluntas rationalis sive deliberativa
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sequitur cognitionem; si ergo non est cognitio,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>non est voluntas deliberativa; sed, ubi est igno<lb ed="#Qc"/>rantia,
non est cognitio; ergo, ubi<!--g--> est ignorantia,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>non est voluntas deliberativa; sed<!--h--> peccatum
<cb ed="#Qc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>actuale mortale habet voluntatem deliberativam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>pro causa<!--i-->; ergo, ubi est ignorantia, non est pec<lb ed="#Qc"/>catum
actuale mortale; ergo actus malus per
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ignorantiam perpetratus non est peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e189">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Contra. a. <name>Augustinus</name>, <title>De adulterinis con<lb ed="#Qc"/>iugiis</title><!--7-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e195">Sunt peccata ignorantium, quamvis
<lb ed="#Qc"/>minora quam scientium</quote>. Peccata autem igno<lb ed="#Qc"/>rantiam
dicuntur peccata per ignorantiam; non
<lb ed="#Qc"/>prohibet ergo quin sit peccatum, etsi sit per
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ignorantiam.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e208">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>b. Item, <name>Gregorius</name><!--8--> ponit quamdam differen<lb ed="#Qc"/>tiam
peccati ex ignorantia, cum dicit: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e214">Aliud
<lb ed="#Qc"/>peccatum est<!--k--> ex infirmitate, aliud ex ignoran<lb ed="#Qc"/>tia</quote>
etc. Ergo quoddam est peccatum per igno<lb ed="#Qc"/>rantiam.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e224">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>c. Item, <title>Act.</title> 3, 17 : <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e228" source="http://scta.info/resource/act3_17">Scio quod per ignorantiam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>fecistis vos et patres vestri</quote> etc., et tamen illud
<lb ed="#Qc"/>fuit peccatum. Quod patet per illud quod sequi<lb ed="#Qc"/>tur<!--9-->:
<quote>Poenitentiam agite</quote> etc.<!--l-->; et <title>I ad Tim.</title> 1, 13
<lb ed="#Qc"/>dicitur: <quote>Misericordiam consecutus sum<!--m-->, quia
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ignorans feci</quote>; et <name>Augustinus</name>, <title>Contra Dona<lb ed="#Qc"/>tam</title><!--10-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e244">Longe gravius est peccatum eius qui
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sciens quam eius qui nesciens peccavit</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e250">
<pb ed="#Qc" n="658"/>
<cb ed="#Qc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>[Solutio]: Ad quod dicendum quod actus ali<lb ed="#Qc"/>quis
qui fit per ignorantiam, qui malus est, pec<lb ed="#Qc"/>catum
est, sicut habetur in iis quae obiecta sunt<!--a-->
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ex una parte<!--1-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e266">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>[Ad obiecta]: 1. Ad id vero quod obicitur in
<lb ed="#Qc"/>contrarium, dicendum est quod aliquid est invo<lb ed="#Qc"/>luntarium
per ignorantiam invincibilem, et talis
<lb ed="#Qc"/>actus, cum nihil habeat de voluntario quod sim<lb ed="#Qc"/>pliciter
dicitur voluntarium, non dicetur peccatum.
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Sed est involuntarium, quod habet<!--b--> aliquid ad<lb ed="#Qc"/>mixtum
de voluntario, et tale, licet quoad quid
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sit involuntarium, eo quod<!--c--> quoad quid est vo<lb ed="#Qc"/>luntarium,
dicetur peccatum. Et hoc dicit <name>Phi<lb ed="#Qc"/>losophus</name>
iis verbis<!--d2-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e289">Qui per ignorantiam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>operatur aliquid, non autem tristatur in opera<lb ed="#Qc"/>tione,
volens quidem none operatur, quod nesci<lb ed="#Qc"/>vit,
nec rursum nolens, cum non tristetur</quote>. Unde
<lb ed="#Qc"/>aliud nomen habebit ab<!--f--> involuntario. Dicen<lb ed="#Qc"/>dum
est ergo ad illud quod dicitur in libro <title>De
<lb ed="#Qc"/>vera religione</title>, quod ibi accipitur voluntarium
<lb ed="#Qc"/>prout est commune ad voluntarium simpliciter et
<cb ed="#Qc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>voluntarium secundum quid<!--g-->, et hoc modo di<lb ed="#Qc"/>cetur
aliquando illud, quod est per ignorantiam,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e318">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>2. Ad secundum vero dicendum quod, ubi
<lb ed="#Qc"/>est simpliciter involuntarium, non dicitur<!--h--> pec<lb ed="#Qc"/>catum;
sed ubi est voluntas in parte, licet non
<lb ed="#Qc"/>quoad omnes circumstantias, potest esse peccatum.
<lb ed="#Qc"/><name>Philosophus</name> autem, cum loquitur de volun<lb ed="#Qc"/>tario,
loquitur de voluntario simpliciter; et quia
<lb ed="#Qc"/>contingit esse involuntarium simpliciter, secundum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>quid autem voluntarium, nihil prohibet, etsi sit
<lb ed="#Qc"/>per ignorantiam et tristitiam habeat, cum cogno<lb ed="#Qc"/>scit,
nihilominus esse peccatum.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e342">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>3. Ad tertium vero dicendum quod loquitur
<lb ed="#Qc"/><name>Augustinus</name> de furiosis<!--3-->, quorum ligata est
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ratio ut nesciant, et in talibus <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-Qd1e350">non est reus qui
<lb ed="#Qc"/>nescit quod facit</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t5s2q2c1-d1e356">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>4. Ad quartum dicendum quod, licet voluntas
<lb ed="#Qc"/>deliberativa dependeat a cognitione praecedente
<lb ed="#Qc"/>et non sit perfecta cognitio, nihilominus est vo<lb ed="#Qc"/>luntas
ratione alicuius cognitionis praeambulae.
</p>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>