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ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
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<titleStmt>
<title>IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 8, S. 1, Q. 1, T. 1, C. 1</title>
<author ref="#AlexanderOfHales">Alexander of Hales</author>
<respStmt>
<name xml:id="JW">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>TEI encoder</resp>
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<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<title>IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 8, S. 1, Q. 1, T. 1, C. 1</title>
<date when="2017-08-19">August 19, 2017</date>
</edition>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority><ref target="https://www.earlyfranciscans.com">ERC Project 714427: Authority and Innovation in Early Franciscan Thought</ref></authority>
<availability status="free">
<p>Published under a <ref target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</ref>
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<witness xml:id="Qc" n="quaracchi1930">Quaracchi 1930</witness>
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<front>
<div xml:id="starts-on"/>
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<body>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e100">IIa-IIae, Inq. 3, Tract. 8, S. 1, Q. 1, T. 1, C. 1</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e103" type="question-title">QUID SIT IDOLOLATRIA.</head>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Dd1e106">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e108">ARTICULUS I</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e111" type="question-title">Utrum idololatria sit latria.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e114">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Ad primum sic: Dicitur idololatria latria<!--g--> ido<lb ed="#Qc"/>lis
exhibita. Propter quod<!--h--> potest quaeri
<lb ed="#Qc"/>utrum idololatria sit latria<!--i-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e123">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Et videtur quod sic. 1. Latria enim <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e127">est<!--k--> cultus
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Deo debitus<!--2--></quote>; sed talis cultus exhibetur idolis,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sicut est<!--l--> in genuflexione, in sacrificiis et huius<lb ed="#Qc"/>modi;
ergo idololatria est latria.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e137">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>2. Hoc etiam accipitur ex hoc quod dicit <name>Isido<lb ed="#Qc"/>rus</name><!--3-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e143">Latriam<!--m--> sicut impia superbia seu homi<lb ed="#Qc"/>num
seu daemonum sibi exhiberi vel iubet vel
<lb ed="#Qc"/>cupit, ita pia<!--n--> humilitas vel hominum<!--o--> vel an<lb ed="#Qc"/>gelorum
sibi oblatam recusat, et cui debetur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ostendit</quote>. Ergo idololatria est latria.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e156">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Quod autem non sit latria, a. accipitur ex
<lb ed="#Qc"/>hoc quod latria est cultus Deo debitus et Deo
<cb ed="#Qc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>exhibitus<!--p-->, sicut accipitur ex <title>Glossa</title><!--4--> super
<lb ed="#Qc"/>illud<!--5-->: <quote>Dominum Deum<!--q--> tuum adorabis et illi
<lb ed="#Qc"/>soli servies</quote>. Ergo idololatria non est latria, sed
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ei opposita.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e174">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>b. Quod etiam argui potest ex hoc quod<!--r--> fides
<lb ed="#Qc"/>et infidelitas opponuntur; latria autem ad fidem
<lb ed="#Qc"/>pertinet, idololatria ad infidelitatem; ergo idolo<lb ed="#Qc"/>latria
non est latria.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e185">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>[Solutio]: Ad quod dicendum<!--s--> quod latria du<lb ed="#Qc"/>pliciter
dicitur: proprie et communiter; proprie
<lb ed="#Qc"/>secundum quod dicitur cultus Deo debitus et Deo
<lb ed="#Qc"/>exhibitus, et secundum hunc modum latria oppo<lb ed="#Qc"/>nitur
idololatriae; secundum autem quod latria
<lb ed="#Qc"/>communiter dicit servitutem soli Deo debitam<!--6-->,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idololatria latria potest dici, cum illa servitus
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idolis exhibetur.
</p>
</div>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Dd1e206">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e208">ARTICULUS II.</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Hd1e211" type="question-title">Quid sit idolum.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e214">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Quaeritur etiam ratione illius partis, quae est
<lb ed="#Qb"/><mentioned>idolis exhibitus</mentioned>, I. quid vocetur idolum, utrum
<cb ed="#Qc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>omnis creatura, cui exhibetur divina veneratio,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idolum dicatur<!--7-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e225">
<pb ed="#Qc" n="717"/>
<cb ed="#Qc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Quod. videtur. a. Idololatria enim est omnis cul<lb ed="#Qc"/>tus
divinus qui exhibetur creaturae; hoc autem
<lb ed="#Qc"/>non est nisi omnis creatura teneat rationem idoli;
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ergo unaquaeque creatura, cui exhibetur vene<lb ed="#Qc"/>ratio
divina, idolum dicitur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e243">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>b. Item, <title>Sap.</title> 14, 12: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e247" source="http://scta.info/resource/sap14_12">Initium fornicationis est ex<lb ed="#Qc"/>quisitio
idolorum</quote>. Fornicationem autem dicit<!--1--> spi<lb ed="#Qc"/>ritualem;
ergo exquisitio idolorum est initium
<lb ed="#Qc"/>fornicationis spiritualis; hoc autem non est nisi
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idolum pro creatura sumatur communiter, quam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>praeponit homo Deo; ergo omnis creatura, quam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>praeponit homo Deo<!--a-->, idolum dicitur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e265">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>c. Ad hoc facit<!--2--> quod dicit <name>Apostolus</name> quod <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e269" source="http://scta.info/resource/col3_5">ava<lb ed="#Qc"/>ritia
est<!--b--> idolorum servitus</quote>, sicut habetur ad
<lb ed="#Qc"/><title>Col.</title> 3, 5; similiter dicitur <title>I Reg.</title> 15, 23: <quote>Quasi
<lb ed="#Qc"/>scelus idololatriae, nolle acquiescere</quote>. Hoc autem
<lb ed="#Qc"/>non videtur nisi idolum in communi ratione ac<lb ed="#Qc"/>cipiatur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e284">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Contra. 1. <title>I ad Cor.</title> 8, 4: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e288" source="http://scta.info/resource/Icor8_4">Scimus quia idolum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>nihil est in mundo</quote>, ubi dicit <title>Glossa</title><!--3-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e293">Inter
<lb ed="#Qc"/>creaturas mundi; materiam enim<!--c--> Deus formavit,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sed stultitia hominum formam dedit</quote>. Ex quo
<lb ed="#Qc"/>patet quod non omnis creatura est idolum. Hoc
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idem habetur ab <name>Isidoro</name><!--4-->, qui dicit idola esse
<lb ed="#Qc"/>simulacra rei existentis vel non existentis<!--d-->, quae
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ab homine sunt fabricata.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e310">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>2. Similiter accipitur ex hoc quod dicitur<!--e-->
<lb ed="#Qc"/><title>Exod.</title> 20, 4, ubi nos habemus: <quote>Non facietis vobis
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sculptile</quote>, alia littera<!--5--> dicit<!--f-->: <quote>Non facies idolum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>neque omnem similitudinem</quote>. <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e320"><quote>Similitudo</quote> autem
<lb ed="#Qc"/>dicitur rei existentis, <quote>idolum</quote></quote> autem dicitur <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e326">rei
<lb ed="#Qc"/>non existentis<!--g--></quote>, sicut habetur <title>I ad Cor.</title> 8, 4 in
<lb ed="#Qc"/><title>Glossa</title><!--6-->. Sive ergo accipiatur idolum communiter
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sive appropriate, non dicetur omnis creatura, quae
<lb ed="#Qc"/>praeponitur vel aequiparatur Deo, idolum. <name>Isido<lb ed="#Qc"/>rus</name><!--7-->
etiam dicit idolum esse <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e339">simulacrum, quod
<lb ed="#Qc"/>humana effigie est factum et consecratum</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e345">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>II. Praeterea, ratione illius verbi quod dicitur
<lb ed="#Qc"/><title>I ad Cor.</title> 8, 4, quaeritur utrum idolum sit aliquid
<lb ed="#Qc"/>vel nihil<!--8-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e354">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Et videtur quod nihil sit. a. <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e358"><quote>Omnia</quote> enim <quote>per</quote>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Verbum <quote>facta sunt</quote><!--9-->; idolum autem non est factum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>per Verbum<!--10--></quote>. Ergo idolum nihil est.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e366">
<cb ed="#Q" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>b. Item, <title>Isai.</title> 44, 9: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e370" source="http://scta.info/resource/is44_9">Plastae idoli nihil sunt</quote>. Sed
<lb ed="#Qc"/>hoc non est nisi ratione ipsius idoli<!--11-->; ergo idolum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>nihil est, sicut peccatores nihil dicuntur esse prop<lb ed="#Qc"/>ter
ipsum peccatum, <title>Ezech.</title> 28, 19: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e380" source="http://scta.info/resource/ez28_19">Nihil factus
<lb ed="#Qc"/>es, et non eris in perpetuam</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e387">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Contra. 1. <title>Sap.</title> 14, 8: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e391" source="http://scta.info/resource/sap14_8">Per manus quod fit ida<lb ed="#Qc"/>lum,
maledictum est et ipsum et<!--h--> qui fecit illud</quote>.
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Cum ergo opus sit hominis, et opus hominis ali<lb ed="#Qc"/>quid
est, idolum aliquid est.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e401">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>2. Item, idolum creatura est, sicut ibidem<!--12--> con<lb ed="#Qc"/>sequenter<!--i-->
haberi potest, cum dicitur: <quote>In idolis
<lb ed="#Qc"/>nationum non erit respectus, quoniam creaturae
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Dei in odium factae sunt et in tentationes ho<lb ed="#Qc"/>minum</quote>.
Hoc autem non esset nisi idolum esset
<lb ed="#Qc"/>creatura; ergo idolum est aliquid.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e417">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>3. Item, si idolum dicitur nihil esse, ratione
<lb ed="#Qc"/>cuius<!--k--> formae dicitur nihil esse? Si enim dicatur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ratione picturae aut figurae, aliquid dicetur<!--l--> esse;
<lb ed="#Qc"/>si ratione similitudinis, iterum<!--m--> aliquid dicetur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>esse: similitudo enim aliquid<!--"--> est, sive sit rei exi<lb ed="#Qc"/>stentis
sive rei quae tingitur esse<!--o13-->; simpliciter
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ergo dicetur idolum aliquid esse.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e435">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>[Solutio]: I. Ad quod dicendum quod idolum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>proprie dicitur simulacrum repraesentativum rei
<lb ed="#Qc"/>existentis vel rei fictae, et secundum hunc mo<lb ed="#Qc"/>dum
non omnis creatura, licet ei exhibeatur ve<lb ed="#Qc"/>neratio
divina, idolum dicitur. Alio vero modo
<lb ed="#Qc"/>dicitur idolum similitudo tacta rei non<!--p--> exi<lb ed="#Qc"/>stentis,
et secundum hunc modum accipitur in
<lb ed="#Qc"/><title>Glossa</title><!--14--> <title>I ad Cor.</title> 8, 4 secundum unam exposi<lb ed="#Qc"/>tionem,
et sic dicit <name>Origenes</name><!--15--> quod idolum est
<lb ed="#Qc"/>repraesentativum rei quae fingitur. Secundum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>autem quod nomen idololatriae communiter acci<lb ed="#Qc"/>pitur,
ad omnem cultum, qui exhibetur creaturae
<lb ed="#Qc"/>vice Dei, extenditur nomen idoli. <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e465">Idolum enim
<lb ed="#Qc"/>deductum est ab eo quod est <foreign xml:lang="gr">εἶδος</foreign></quote>, sicut dicit
<lb ed="#Qc"/><name>Isidorus</name><!--16-->, <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e472"><foreign xml:lang="gr">εἶδος</foreign> autem formam dicit</quote>, ab idea<!--q-->
<lb ed="#Qc"/>tractam, sicut dicit <name>Seneca</name><!--17-->; idolum vero dicit
<lb ed="#Qc"/>defectum formae divinae materialiter<!--r--> ponendo
<lb ed="#Qc"/>formam aliquam existentem creatam vel ab ho<lb ed="#Qc"/>mine
factam, et sic posset extendi nomen idoli
<lb ed="#Qc"/>in intentione idololatriae, ut non tantum dicatur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idololatria<!--s-->, cum simulacra coluntur, sed cum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>creaturae loco Creatoris divino cultu honorantur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e491">
<pb ed="#Qc" n="718"/>
<cb ed="#Qc" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>Si tamen idolum proprie accipitur pro simulacris,
<lb ed="#Qc"/><quote>avaritia</quote> dicitur <quote>idolorum servitus</quote><!--1--> per<!--a--> quamdam
<lb ed="#Qc"/>similitudinem: sicut enim idololatra servit idolo,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ita avarus pecuniae<!--2-->. Et similiter dicitur contu<lb ed="#Qc"/>macia
inobedientiae quasi idololatria<!--3--> propter
<lb ed="#Qc"/>peccati enormitatem. Qui enim inobediens est Deo,
<lb ed="#Qc"/>servitutem, quam debet Deo, abnegat; abnegans
<lb ed="#Qc"/>autem servitutem, quam debet Deo<!--b-->, recedit a
<lb ed="#Qc"/>cultu Dei<!--4-->, et sic quoad hoc convenit cum idolo<lb ed="#Qc"/>latra,
licet non sit tanta sceleris enormitas.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e520">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>II. Ad id vero quod obicitur <mentioned>utrum idolum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sit aliquid aut nihil</mentioned>, respondendum est<!--c--> quod
<lb ed="#Qb"/><mentioned>esse nihil</mentioned> dicitur multipliciter: vel ex priva<lb ed="#Qc"/>tione
debiti finis, et secundum hunc modum <quote>ido<lb ed="#Qc"/>lum
nihil est</quote>, sicut et peccatum, sed in hoc est
<lb ed="#Qc"/>differentia, quia in peccato per se privatur de<lb ed="#Qc"/>bitus
finis, in idolo vero<!--d--> est occasio privatio<lb ed="#Qc"/>nis.
— Dicitur etiam idolum nihil esse ratione
<cb ed="#Qc" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qc"/>detectus formae, quae aestimatur esse in ipsa ma<lb ed="#Qc"/>teria
tamquam movens in moto: aestimatur enim
<lb ed="#Qc"/>quod <quote xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-Qd1e546">idolum sit persona subsistens ex simulacro
<lb ed="#Qc"/>et spiritu praesidente<!--5--></quote>, et non est ibi, secundum
<lb ed="#Qc"/>quod diciture<!--6--> <title>Habac.</title> 2, 19: <quote>Ecce coopertus<!--f--> est
<lb ed="#Qc"/>auro et argento, et omnis spiritus non est in
<lb ed="#Qc"/>visceribus eius</quote>. — Dicitur etiam idolum nihil esse
<lb ed="#Qc"/>ratione rei ad cuius imitationem excogitatur, et
<lb ed="#Qc"/>sic accipitur in<!--g--> <title>Exod.</title> 20, 4 in <title>Glossa</title><!--7-->. Ex
<lb ed="#Qc"/>defectu ergo finis et formae, quae est in ratione
<lb ed="#Qc"/>moventis, et termini dicitur nihil esse. Si vero
<lb ed="#Qc"/>consideretur secundum esse materiale vel secun<lb ed="#Qc"/>dum
esse formale quod est ex artificio, dicetur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>idolum aliquid esse.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l2Bi3t8s1q1t1c1-d1e576">
<lb ed="#Qc"/>[Ad obiecta]: a—b, 1-3. Et per hoc potest
<lb ed="#Qc"/>solvi illud quod obiectum est: secundum quid
<lb ed="#Qc"/>dicetur esse aliquid et secundum quid dicetur
<lb ed="#Qc"/>esse nihil.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>