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ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lombardpress/lombardpress-schema/master/src/out/critical.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lombardpress/lombardpress-schema/master/src/out/critical.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>III, P. 2, Inq. 3, T. 2, S. 2, Q. 3, T. 1, C. 4</title>
<author ref="#AlexanderOfHales">Alexander of Hales</author>
<respStmt>
<name xml:id="JW">Jeffrey C. Witt</name>
<resp>TEI encoder</resp>
</respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<editionStmt>
<edition n="0.0.0-dev">
<title>III, P. 2, Inq. 3, T. 2, S. 2, Q. 3, T. 1, C. 4</title>
<date when="2017-10-16">October 16, 2017</date>
</edition>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority><ref target="https://www.earlyfranciscans.com">ERC Project 714427: Authority and Innovation in Early Franciscan Thought</ref></authority>
<availability status="free">
<p>Published under a <ref target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</ref>
</p>
</availability>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<listWit>
<witness xml:id="Qd" n="quaracchi1948d">Quaracchi 1948, Volume 4</witness>
</listWit>
</sourceDesc>
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<text xml:lang="la">
<front>
<div xml:id="starts-on"/>
</front>
<body>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e102">III, P. 2, Inq. 3, T. 2, S. 2, Q. 3, T. 1, C. 4</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e105" type="question-title">DE QUIBUS DEBEAT DARI DECIMA.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e108">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Quaeritur postea de quibus debeat dari decima.
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Et quaeruntur circa haec tria principaliter:
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Primo, utrum de turpiter acquisitis debeat dari
<lb ed="#Qd"/>decima;
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>secundo, utrum decimae personales sint in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>praecepto;
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tertio, utrum decimae praediales de minutis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sint in praecepto.
</p>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Dd1e130" type="articulus">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e132">ARTICULUS I</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e135" type="question-title">Utrum de turpiter acquisitis debeat dari decima.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e138">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Quaeritur igitur<!--k--> primo utrum de turpiter ac<lb ed="#Qd"/>quisitis,
ut de meretricio et foenore seu rapina,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>debeat dari decima.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e147">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Quod non videtur: 1. Nam dicitur, <title>Prov.</title> 21, 27:
<lb ed="#Qd"/><quote>Hostiae impiorum abominabiles, quae offeruntur
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ex scelere</quote>. Super quem locum dicit B.<!--l--> <name>Grego<lb ed="#Qd"/>rius</name><!--3-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e157">Quidquid in Dei<!--m--> sacrificio ex scelere
<lb ed="#Qd"/>offertur, omnipotentis Dei non placat iracundiam,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sed irritat</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e165">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>2. Item, <name>Gregorius</name><!--4-->; <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e169">Scriptum est: <quote>Honora
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Deum<!--n--> de tuis iustis laboribus</quote></quote>, quod forsitan
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sumptum<!--o--> est de <title>Prov.</title> 3, 9. <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e176">Qui ergo male<!--p-->
<lb ed="#Qd"/>accipit, ut quasi bene praebeat, constat sine dubio
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quia Dominum non honorat</quote>. Si ergo tam mere<lb ed="#Qd"/>trix
quam usurarius male accipit, ergo de illo non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>potest Deum honorare; ergo nec decimam dare.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e192">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>3. Item, <title>Eccli.</title> 34, 24: <quote>Qui offert sacrificium de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>substantia pauperis, quasi qui victimat filium in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>conspectu patris</quote>. Super quem locum dicit <name>Gre<lb ed="#Qd"/>gorius</name><!--5-->:
<quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e202">Ex hoc facile cognoscitur quantus
<lb ed="#Qd"/>apud Deum dolor exasperatur, quando ei sa<lb ed="#Qd"/>crificium
ex rapina tribuitur</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e210">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>4. Item, <title>Eccli.</title> 34, 21: <quote>Immolantis ex iniquo
<lb ed="#Qd"/>oblatio est maculata</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e217">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>5. Item, in eodem<!--6-->: <quote>Dona iniquorum non probat
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Altissimus, nec respicit in oblationibus iniquo<lb ed="#Qd"/>rum</quote><!--q-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e226">
<pb ed="#Qd" n="734"/>
<cb ed="#Qd" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>6. Item, <name>Gregorius</name>, <title>Sisagrio episcopo</title><!--1-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e234">Non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>est putanda eleemosyna si pauperibus dispen<lb ed="#Qd"/>setur
quod ex<!--a--> illicitis rebus acquiritur</quote>. Si ergo
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ex illicitis rebus non potest fieri eleemosyna<!--b-->,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ergo nec dari decima.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e247">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Contra: a. Dicit humana<!--c--> lex<!--2--> quod <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e251">turpiter
<lb ed="#Qd"/>facit meretrix, quia est meretrix, non tamen tur<lb ed="#Qd"/>piter
accipit</quote>. Ergo mercedem meretricii iuste
<lb ed="#Qd"/>possidet; sed de iuste possesso potest iusta fieri
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tributio; ergo et dari decima<!--d-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e263">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>b. Item, sicut dicit B. <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name>, <title>Ad Aure<lb ed="#Qd"/>lianum</title><!--3-->,
delictum<!--e--> non debet immunitatem tri<lb ed="#Qd"/>buere.
Et communis animi<!--f--> conceptio est quod
<lb ed="#Qd"/>non debeat esse conditionis melioris aliquis<!--g--> in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>eo quod deterior est, nec commodum consequi,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>unde poenam meretur. Si ergo usurarius<!--k--> et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>meretrix tenentur de iusto negotio decimam tri<lb ed="#Qd"/>buere
et etiam de praedialibus, ergo propter de<lb ed="#Qd"/>lictum
meretricii vel usurae non absolventur a
<lb ed="#Qd"/>decima. - Si vero<!--i--> dicatur quod a foenera<lb ed="#Qd"/>toribus
et raptoribus non debet accipi decima nisi
<lb ed="#Qd"/>de iuste possessis — obicitur: esto quod aliquis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>usurarius, qui nihil habet nisi<!--k--> de usura, agrum
<lb ed="#Qd"/>seminet, aut tenetur ad decimam de fructibus<!--l--> il<lb ed="#Qd"/>lius
agri aut non<!--m-->. Si dicatur quod tenetur, in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>contrarium est illud, quod ei ex fructibus acqui<lb ed="#Qd"/>situm
est ex usura est, et ita totum funebre et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>morticinum<!--n--> est; ergo nec de illo poterit dari
<lb ed="#Qd"/>decima. Si vero dicatur quod non potest dari,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ergo nec de possessionibus nec territoriis, quas
<lb ed="#Qd"/>colunt Iudaei, dabunt decimas, et lucrum ex sua
<lb ed="#Qd"/>impietate et peccato reportant.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e317">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Respondeo<!--4-->: 1-6. Distinguendum quod decima<lb ed="#Qd"/>rum
aliae sunt personales, aliae praediales<!--5-->. Si
<lb ed="#Qd"/>personales<!--o-->, distinguendum est, quia aut est
<lb ed="#Qd"/>translatum dominium pecuniae decimandae in ac<lb ed="#Qd"/>cipientem
et non competit repetitio, ut in mere<lb ed="#Qd"/>trice
et histrione, aut non est translatum, ut in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>fure, simoniaco<!--p-->, usurario, raptore<!--q-->. Si non est
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>translatum dominium, non tenetur dare nec Eccle<lb ed="#Qd"/>sia
potest recipere. Unde secundum hoc dicitur,
<lb ed="#Qd"/><title>Eccli.</title> 35, 11 postquam dixit: <quote>Sanctifica decimas
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tuas</quote>, subiunxit<!--5-->: <quote>Noli afferre munera prava; non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>enim suscipiet illa Deus</quote>. Si vero transfertur do<lb ed="#Qd"/>minium,
tenetur dare, sed Ecclesia non debet re<lb ed="#Qd"/>cipere,
quamdiu persona illa est in scelere, ne
<lb ed="#Qd"/>videatur eius approbare delictum. Hinc dicitur,
<lb ed="#Qd"/><title>Deuter.</title> 23, 18: <quote>Non offeres mercedem prostibuli
<lb ed="#Qd"/>nec pretium canis</quote>, et canis potest dici histrio. Si
<lb ed="#Qd"/>vero poenitentiam accipiat et deserat pravam vi<lb ed="#Qd"/>tam,
poterit Ecclesia et ab histrione et a mere<lb ed="#Qd"/>trice
praeteritas<!--a--> decimas recipere, quia, sicut
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dicit <name>B. Gregorius</name><!--7-->, super illud <title>Iob</title> 28, 2: <quote>Fer<lb ed="#Qd"/>rum
de terra tollitur</quote><!--b--> etc.: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e369">Non debet despici<!--c--></quote>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quis separans se ab actione terrena<!--d--> <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e374">in eo quod
<lb ed="#Qd"/>fuit, quia iam incipit esse quod non fuit<!--e--></quote>. - Si
<lb ed="#Qd"/>vero sunt decimae praediales, indistincte quilibet
<lb ed="#Qd"/>peccator et Iudaeus et invasor tenetur decimas
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dare, et Ecclesia licite potest recipere. Et ratio
<lb ed="#Qd"/>est<!--f-->, quia illae non dantur intuitu personae, sed
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quasi ex censu debito praediorum. Unde <title>De<lb ed="#Qd"/>cretalis</title>
<name>Alexandri III</name>, <title>Extra, De decimis et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>primitiis</title><!--8-->: <quote>De terris, quas Iudaei colunt, re<lb ed="#Qd"/>spondemus,
ut eos<!--g--> ad decimas solvendas vel
<lb ed="#Qd"/>possessioni penitus renuntiandos omni distric<lb ed="#Qd"/>tione
compellas, ne forte occasione illa ecclesiae<!--h-->
<lb ed="#Qd"/>iure suo valeant<!--i--> defraudari</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e404">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>b. Unde ad illud quod obicit de agro seminato
<lb ed="#Qd"/>de usura, quamvis quidam dixerint quod Eccle<lb ed="#Qd"/>sia
non debet de talibus<!--k--> decimas recipere, quia
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sicut <quote>qui<!--l--> seminat in benedictione, de benedic<lb ed="#Qd"/>tione<!--m-->
metet</quote><!--9-->, ita qui seminat in maledictionibus
<lb ed="#Qd"/>maledictionem<!--n--> metet, tamen dicendum est quod
<lb ed="#Qd"/>et ipse usurarius tenetur dare et Ecclesia licite
<lb ed="#Qd"/>potest recipere, quia ipse proventus fructuum non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>provenit ex actione usurarii, sed ex divina largitate
<lb ed="#Qd"/>et opere<!--o-->, quo multiplicatur semen. Praeterea,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>hoc est debitum ratione praedii<!--p-->, non personae.
</p>
</div>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Dd1e431" type="articulus">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e433">ARTICULUS II.</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e436" type="question-title">Utrum decimae personales sint in praecepta.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e439">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Deinde quaeritur utrum decimae<!--q--> personales
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sint in praecepto.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e446">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Quod non, videtur: 1. Nam in lege Domini
<lb ed="#Qd"/>non videntur praecipi nisi decimae praediales
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sive de armentis, <title>Levit.</title> ultimo, 30: <quote>Omnes deci<lb ed="#Qd"/>mae
terrae, sive de frugibus, sive de pomis arba<lb ed="#Qd"/>rum,
Domini sunt</quote>; et iterum<!--1-->: <quote>Omnium decimarum
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ovis et bovis et caprae<!--a-->, quae sub pastoris virga
<lb ed="#Qd"/>transeunt<!--b-->, quidquid decimum venerit, sanctifica<lb ed="#Qd"/>bitur<!--c-->
Domino</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e468">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>2. Item, dicit <title>Decretalis</title> <name>Innoceniii III</name>, Con<lb ed="#Qd"/>cilii
Lateranensis<!--2-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e474">Illae decimae necessario sunt
<lb ed="#Qd"/>solvendae, quae debentur ex lege divina vel loci
<lb ed="#Qd"/>consuetudine approbata</quote>. Si ergo ex lege di<lb ed="#Qd"/>vina
non praecipiuntur decimae personales, nec
<lb ed="#Qd"/>etiam in locis aliquibus, nisi raro, scilicet ubi
<lb ed="#Qd"/>est consuetudo, ergo non tenetur quis ad deci<lb ed="#Qd"/>mas
personales.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e492">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>3. Item, vis consuetudinis tanta est ut<!--d--> videa<lb ed="#Qd"/>tur,
secundum <name>Innocentium</name><!--3-->, a culpa libe<lb ed="#Qd"/>rare
non solventes decimas etiam praediales; ergo
<lb ed="#Qd"/>multo magis non solventes decimas<!--e--> personales.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e503">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Contra: a. <title>Gen.</title> 14, 20, Abraham de iis quae
<lb ed="#Qd"/>iuste acquisierat in bello <quote>dedit<!--f--> decimas</quote> Mel<lb ed="#Qd"/>chisedech
<quote>de omnibus</quote>. Si ergo exemplo Abrahae,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>in quo primo institutio facta est de solutione de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cimarum<!--4-->,
solvendae sunt decimae, ergo perso<lb ed="#Qd"/>nales
decimae debentur.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e519">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>b. Item, iuxta hoc dicit <name ref="#Augustine">Augustinus</name><!--5-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e526">De
<lb ed="#Qd"/>militia, de artificio et<!--g--> de negotio redde de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cimas</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e534">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>c. Item, <name>Caelestinus III</name>, <name>Extra, De decimis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ei primitiis</name><!--6-->: <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e540">Revera, sicut sancti Patres in suis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tradunt scriptis<!--h7-->, de vino, grano, fructibus arbo<lb ed="#Qd"/>rum,
pecoribus, hortis, de ipsa negotiatione et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>de omnibus bonis decimae sunt ministris Eccle<lb ed="#Qd"/>siae
tribuendae</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e552">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>d. Item, idem, ibidem<!--8-->: <quote>Fidelis homo de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>omnibus, quae licite<!--i--> potest acquirere, decimas
<lb ed="#Qd"/>erogare tenetur</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e561">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Respondeo: Dicendum quod decimae tam per<lb ed="#Qd"/>sonales
quam praediales sunt in<!--k--> praecepto. Est
<lb ed="#Qd"/>autem differentia inter praeceptum affirmativum
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>et negativum, sicut patet ex aliis alibi dictis<!--9-->,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quia praeceptum negativum semper obligat, et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ad semper, praeceptum vero affirmativum, etsi
<lb ed="#Qd"/>obliget semper, non tamen ad semper, sed pro
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tempore et loco. Unde istud praeceptum<!--a--> <quote>ho<lb ed="#Qd"/>nara
patrem</quote><!--10-->, in quo praecipitur sustentatio pa<lb ed="#Qd"/>tris,
obligat quemlibet filium semper<!--b-->, non tamen
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ad semper, nisi cum tempus et locus se offerat,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ut si pater indigeat vel a filio debitum obsequium
<lb ed="#Qd"/>requirat. Ita<!--c--> dicendum, cum praeceptum de de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cimis
sit affirmativum, semper obligat, non tamen
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ad semper. Dico<!--d--> ergo, iuxta <name>Decretalem Inno<lb ed="#Qd"/>centii</name><!--11-->,
quod, ubi consuetudo est, tenentur sol<lb ed="#Qd"/>vere
decimas personales sicut et praediales. Item,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>si consuetudo non est et indigeret minister, sci<lb ed="#Qd"/>licet
sacerdos, a quo recipiunt<!--e--> sacramenta, et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>peteret propter indigentiam seu sustentationem,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dico quod tunc tenerentur<!--f--> non solum ad deci<lb ed="#Qd"/>mas
praediales, sed etiam ad personales. Sunt
<lb ed="#Qd"/>enim aliquae civitates, in<!--g--> quibus habitant ho<lb ed="#Qd"/>mines
qui non habent praedia, ut in<!--h--> insulis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>maris, in<!--i--> quibus, si non solverentur decimae
<lb ed="#Qd"/>personales, cogerentur ministri Dei ex defectu
<lb ed="#Qd"/>mendicare, et per hoc minus vacare divinis; quod
<lb ed="#Qd"/>est contra illud <title>Psalmi</title><!--12-->: <quote>Sumite psalmum et date
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tympanum</quote>, dicitur laicis, hoc est<!--k--> sumite spiri<lb ed="#Qd"/>tualia
a<!--l--> ministris Dei<!--m--> et date temporalia,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>unde sustententur<!--13-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e634">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>[Ad obiecta]: 1. Ad illud vero quod obicit
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quod in lege divina non est<!--n--> praeceptum, re<lb ed="#Qd"/>spondet-dum per interemptionem, quia, etsi" illa
<lb ed="#Qd"/>parte <title>Levit.</title> ultimo, 30, non sit praeceptum, ta<lb ed="#Qd"/>men
alibi dicitur universaliter: <quote>Decimas et pri<lb ed="#Qd"/>mitias
non tardabis offerre</quote>, <title>Exod.</title><!--p--> 22, 29; et in
<lb ed="#Qd"/><title>Eccli.</title> 35, 11: <quote>Sanctifica decimus tuos</quote>; et post<!--14-->:
<lb ed="#Qd"/><quote>Da Altissimo secundum donatum eius</quote>. Si ergo ex
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dono Dei possidentur ea quae acquiruntur iusto
<lb ed="#Qd"/>negotio vel arte, de illis decimae dandae erunt<!--q-->.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e658">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>2-3. Ad alia<!--r--> vero patet responsio ex dictis.
</p>
</div>
<div xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Dd1e665" type="articulus">
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e667">ARTICULUS III</head>
<head xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Hd1e670" type="question-title">Utrum minutae decimae praediales sint in praecepto.</head>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e673">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Postea quaeritur utrum minutae decimae sint
<lb ed="#Qd"/>in<!--s--> praecepto.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e680">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Ad quod sic: 1. Praeceptum est ut de omni<lb ed="#Qd"/>bus
quae pertinent ad victum humanum homines
<pb ed="#Qd" n="736"/>
<cb ed="#Qd" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dent decimas, <title>Levit.</title> ultimo, 30: <quote>Omnes decimas<!--a-->
<lb ed="#Qd"/>terrae</quote> etc., ut de frumento et vino et huiusmodi.
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Si ergo eadem est ratio in uno<!--b--> et in omnibus,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ergo et de omnibus<!--c--> tenentur dare decimas;
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ergo et de oleribus et de granis.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e702">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>2. Item, <title>Matth.</title> 23, 23, postquam dicitur de de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cimatione
menthae et anethi, subdit Dominus:
<lb ed="#Qd"/><quote>Oportuit ista<!--d--> facere et illa non omittere</quote>. Ergo de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>omnibus istis et de<!--e--> consimilibus minutis danda
<lb ed="#Qd"/>est decima. — Item, <title>Malach.</title> 3, 10: <quote>Inferte omnem
<lb ed="#Qd"/>decimam in horreum meum</quote>; qui <quote>omnem</quote> dicit,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>nullam omnino<!--f--> excipit.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e721">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>3. Item, nos tenemur dare decimam de tem<lb ed="#Qd"/>pore
Deo<!--g-->. Unde dicit <name>B. Gregorius</name><!--1--> quod
<lb ed="#Qb"/><quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e727">quadragesima summa observatione est obser<lb ed="#Qd"/>vanda,
quia ipsi dies decima sunt anui</quote>. Si ergo
<lb ed="#Qd"/>de diebus decima danda est, multo fortius et de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quibuslibet aliis.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e737">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Contra<!--h-->: a. Dicit <name>Innocentius III</name><!--2--> quod
<lb ed="#Qb"/><quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e741">illae decimae necessario sunt solvendae quae
<lb ed="#Qd"/>debentur ex lege divina vel consuetudine appro<lb ed="#Qd"/>bata</quote>.
Si ergo solutio decimarum minutarum non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>praecipitur in lege divina, quia in Veteri Testa<lb ed="#Qd"/>mento
nihil de illis determinatur nisi tantum de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>frugibus et pomis arborum, <title>Levit.</title> ultimo, 30, nec
<lb ed="#Qd"/>in plurimis<!--i--> locis consuetudo est, ergo ad solu<lb ed="#Qd"/>tionem
minutarum decimarum non tenentur ho<lb ed="#Qd"/>mines,
ubi non est consuetudo.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e762">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>b. Item, si<!--k--> dicatur quod propter illud Evan<lb ed="#Qd"/>gelii<!--3-->
<quote>decimatis mentitam et anethum</quote> etc., et
<lb ed="#Qd"/>post<!--4--> <quote>haec oportuit facere et illa non omittere</quote>,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>teneantur Christiani ad minutas decimas — in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>contrarium est quod Dominus non<!--l--> loque<lb ed="#Qd"/>batur
nisi de Iudaeis et secundum illum statum.
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Unde per hoc non potest haberi quod propter
<lb ed="#Qd"/>hoc teneantur Christiani ad minutas decimas.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e782">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>6. Item, si omnes decimae, et minutae et maio<lb ed="#Qd"/>res,
essent necessario solvendae, nihil<!--m--> esset
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dictu quod ad distinctionem faciendam dixit Con<lb ed="#Qd"/>cilium
Lateranense<!--5-->, quod <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e792">illae decimae neces<lb ed="#Qd"/>sario
sunt solvendae quae debentur ex lege di<lb ed="#Qd"/>vina
vel loci consuetudine approbata</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e800">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>[Respondeo]: Ad hoc" dixerunt quidam<!--6-->
<lb ed="#Qb"/><quote>quod de omnibus quae renovantur quolibet
<lb ed="#Qd"/>anno, tenentur homines dare decimas; non tamen
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>peccant si non reddant veri nominis decimas, quia
<lb ed="#Qd"/>taxatio talis partis moralis non est, ideo relin<lb ed="#Qd"/>quitur
arbitrio et determinationi Ecclesiae. Simili
<lb ed="#Qd"/>modo dicunt quod non peccant qui non reddunt
<lb ed="#Qd"/>minutas decimas, ubi non est consuetudo reddere
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tales decimas nec<!--a--> petere; qua ratione optime
<lb ed="#Qd"/>dixit Papa<!--7--> quod<!--b--> peterentur secundum con<lb ed="#Qd"/>suetudinem
patriae<!--c-->. Si tamen indigeret Ecclesia
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ut peteret<!--d--> veri nominis decimas, peccarent si
<lb ed="#Qd"/>non redderent</quote>.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e833">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>[Ad obiecta]: 1. Ad illud ergo quod primo
<lb ed="#Qd"/>obicitur<!--8--> quod eadem est ratio in uno et in om<lb ed="#Qd"/>nibus,
respondent per interemptionem<!--e-->, dicentes
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quod magis expressum est de maioribus deci<lb ed="#Qd"/>mis
quam de minutis, ita quod maiores decimae
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sunt in praecepto, minores in consilio, nisi cum
<lb ed="#Qd"/>determinatione praedicta: si peterentur<!--e--> in neces<lb ed="#Qd"/>sitate
Ecclesiae.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e854">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>2. Ad illud vero quod secundo<!--g--> obicitur de
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Evangelio <quote>oportuit ista<!--h--> facere</quote> etc., dicendum
<lb ed="#Qd"/>quod referendum est ad illum statum in quo Do<lb ed="#Qd"/>minus
loquebatur, quod erat tempus<!--i--> Legi sicut
<lb ed="#Qd"/>opperiebatur; quo tempore minutae decimae, ra<lb ed="#Qd"/>tione
generalis praeceptionis Legis et Prophetiae
<lb ed="#Qb"/><quote>inferte<!--k--> omnem decimam</quote>, erant in praecepto.
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Habebat enim Lex praecepta iudicialia graviora
<lb ed="#Qd"/>et magis onerantia quam Evangelium<!--9-->. Vel po<lb ed="#Qd"/>test
dici quod istud quod dicit <quote>oportuit</quote> non
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sonat in debitum, sed in convenientiam; unde
<lb ed="#Qd"/>sensus est: <quote>oportuit</quote>, id est<!--l--> conveniens fuit.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e880">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>3. Ad aliud<!--m--> vero quod obicitur de tem<lb ed="#Qd"/>pore,
dicendum<!--n--> quod solutio decimae temporis
<lb ed="#Qd"/>non habetur expresse ex iure legali nec ex iure
<lb ed="#Qd"/>prophetico nec ex iure evangelica; habetur ta<lb ed="#Qd"/>men
ex interpretatione iuris legalis ex ieiunio
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Moysi<!--10--> et<!--o--> ex interpretatione iuris prophetici ex
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ieiunio Eliae<!--11--> et iuris Evangelii ex<!--p--> ieiunio Chri<lb ed="#Qd"/>sti<!--12-->,
de quibus habet interptetari Ecclesia. Tamen
<lb ed="#Qd"/>ex talibus non potest<!--q--> argui quod teneamur ad
<lb ed="#Qd"/>consimilia, cum ista in praeceptis iuris divini
<lb ed="#Qd"/>non inveniantur expressa, sed sint ex institutione
<lb ed="#Qd"/>et decreto Ecclesiae.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e909">
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Sed contra hoc quod dictum est supra<!--13--> quod
<lb ed="#Qb"/><mentioned>tenentur homines dare decimas de omnibus quae
<pb ed="#Qd" n="737"/>
<cb ed="#Qd" n="a"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>renovantur quolibet anno</mentioned>, obicitur. Nam di<lb ed="#Qd"/>versis
temporibus anni in eodem horto vel agro
<lb ed="#Qd"/>agricolae diversa semina serunt. Ergo non tene<lb ed="#Qd"/>rentur
tales ad decimam nisi semel in anno, cum
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tamen dicat <title>Decretalis</title> <name>Clementis III</name>, <title>Extra,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>De decimis et primitiis</title><!--1-->, <quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e930">quod, cum agricultores
<lb ed="#Qd"/>in eodem horto vel agro diversa semina</quote> serunt,
<lb ed="#Qb"/><quote xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-Qd1e935">de omnibus fructibus decimas absque omni di<lb ed="#Qd"/>minutione
persolvant</quote>. — Item, pari ratione nec
<lb ed="#Qd"/>fructus animalium, quae pluries foetant<!--a--> in anno,
<lb ed="#Qd"/>tenerentur decimare, quod est contra legem<!--b--> <title>Le<lb ed="#Qd"/>vit.</title>
ultimo, 32.
</p>
<p xml:id="ahsh-l3p2in3t2s2q3t1c4-d1e948">
<cb ed="#Qd" n="b"/>
<lb ed="#Qd"/>[Solutio]: Propterea dicendum quod, cum de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cretum<!--c-->
decimarum ante Legem fuerit in con<lb ed="#Qd"/>silio
universaliter<!--d-->, sicut patet ex voto <name>Iacob</name><!--2-->, in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>Lege vero fuerit in praecepto universaliter, tem<lb ed="#Qd"/>pore
gratiae est partim in consilio, partim in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>praecepto<!--3-->: in praecepto<!--e-->, cum petitur et exigi<lb ed="#Qd"/>tur
ab Ecclesia secundum consuetudinem appro<lb ed="#Qd"/>batam
vel secundum Ecclesiae institutionem; in
<lb ed="#Qd"/>consilio vero, cum non petitur nec ex consue<lb ed="#Qd"/>tudine
habetur nec ab universali Ecclesia iu<lb ed="#Qd"/>betur.
Et hoc dico generaliter quantum ad de<lb ed="#Qd"/>cimas
minutas.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
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</TEI>