Add _validate_inputs class method to each constraint

[amontanez24]

Problem Description

As a developer, it would be useful to check that the provided parameters for each constraint are valid since this is used when validating the metadata and also when creating a constraint.

Expected behavior

• Add _validate_inputs class method to each constraint
• The specific functionality differs for each constraint and is described below
• Should catch and raise all errors together

Additional context

• Constraint validation
  • Unique
    • "column_names" must be present
      Error: Missing required "column_names" in the Unique constraint
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a Unique constraint.
  • FixedCombinations
    • "column_names" must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_names") in a FixedCombinations constraint
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a FixedCombinations constraint.
  • Inequality
    • "high_column_name" and "low_column_name" must both be present
      Error: Missing required values ("high_column_name", "low_column_name") in an Inequality constraint
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a FixedCombinations constraint.
  • ScalarInequality
    • "relation", "column_name" and "value" must all be present
      Error: Missing required values ("relation", "column_name", "value") in a ScalarInequality constraint
    • "relation" must be one of ">", ">=", "<", "<="
      Error: Invalid relation value ("==") in a ScalarInequality constraint. The relation must be one of: ">", ">=", "<" or "<=".
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a ScalarInequality constraint.
  • Range
    • "high_column_name", "between_column_name" and "low_column_name" must both all present
      Error: Missing required values ("high_column_name", "between_column_name", "low_column_name") in a Range constraint.
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a Range constraint.
  • ScalarRange
    • Required params must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_name", "low_value", "high_value") in a ScalarRange constraint.
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a ScalarRange constraint.
  • Positive
    • Required params must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_name") in a Positive constraint.
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a Positive constraint.
  • Negative
    • Required params must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_name") in a Negative constraint.
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a Negative constraint.
  • FixedIncrements
    • All required values should be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_name", "increment") in a FixedIncrements constraint
    • increment_value should be an integer >0
      Error: Invalid increment value (0.5) in a FixedIncrements constraint. Increments must be positive integers.
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a FixedIncrements constraint.
  • OneHotEncoding
    • "column_names" must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_names") in a OneHotEncoding constraint
    • No additional attributes should be present
      Error: Invalid values ("pii") are present in a OneHotEncoding constraint.
  • CustomConstraint
    • "column_names" must be present
      Error: Missing required values ("column_names") in a <name> constraint