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cryptocounters for our PETs
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ooo ooo d77Cb d0C0b encounter - cryptocounters for our PETs ooo B133F 644E6 ooo ======================================= dFE0b YD1P Y48P dD5Eb E4BC9 '` `' 0D1A1 YCP' .od2F5bo. 'Y0P .od7D0EE7258bo. dE1B1BE55D161570b Copyright (c) 2006-2011 - Alfonso De Gregorio AFB9AF979D8A55062 <adg@crypto.lo.gy>, secYOUre by SecurityPillar Ltd - Y6F910654DD322P All rights reserved. `Y84DP"Y825P' Encounter is a software library aimed at providing a production-grade implementation of cryptographic counters and fostering further research on their constructions and applications. A cryptographic counter is a public string representing an encryption of a quantity, satisfying the following properties: 1. Subjects with access to the *public-key* can update the encrypted counter by an arbitrary amount, by means of increment or decrement operations and without first decrypting the value (i.e., the operation is performed over encrypted data); 2. The plaintext value is hidden from all participants except the entity holding some secret key; 3. The adversary can only learn if the cryptographic counter was updated (i.e., information about whether the counter was incremented or decremented is kept hidden to all participants except the secret-key holder and the updating entity -- honest-but-curious threat model). Applications ============ Possible applications of cryptographic counters include: - Privacy-preserving statistics gathering in a honest-but-curious threat-model; - Secure electronic voting; - Digital Rights Management. Mechanisms ========== Encounter will support a number of cryptocounters schemes, with different security/performance trade-offs. To date, Encounter implements a cryptocounter based on the Paillier public-key cryptographic scheme - please, see below the credits section. The Paillier PKCS is additive homomorphic cryptosystem providing semantic security against chosen-plaintext attacks (IND-CPA) <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paillier_cryptosystem> Encounter provides a mean to diminish the possibility of correlations. In fact, users can probabilistically re-encrypt Paillier-based cryptocounter without changing the underlying value. Please, refer to function encounter_touch(). Credits ======= The Paillier-based cryptocounter code is based on the implementation by Adam Young and Moti Yung in their clever Malicious Cryptography and the upcoming Advances in Cryptovirology <http://www.cryptovirology.com/> Encounter implements a speed-up technique described in Paillier's 'Public-Key Cryptosystems Based on Composite Degree Residuosity Classes' Published in J. Stern, Ed., Advances in Cryptology EUROCRYPT 99, vol. 1592 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 223-238, Springer-Verlag, 1999. For More ======== - Encounter <http://plaintext.crypto.lo.gy/article/658/encounter>
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