run pytest with seleniumbase failed: "argparse.ArgumentError: argument --headless: conflicting option string: --headless" #1069

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T11:13:25Z

######## issues ########################################################
$pytest
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin/pytest", line 8, in
sys.exit(console_main())
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 185, in console_main
code = main()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 143, in main
config = _prepareconfig(args, plugins)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 318, in _prepareconfig
config = pluginmanager.hook.pytest_cmdline_parse(
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_hooks.py", line 265, in call
return self._hookexec(self.name, self.get_hookimpls(), kwargs, firstresult)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_manager.py", line 80, in _hookexec
return self._inner_hookexec(hook_name, methods, kwargs, firstresult)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_callers.py", line 55, in _multicall
gen.send(outcome)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/helpconfig.py", line 100, in pytest_cmdline_parse
config: Config = outcome.get_result()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_result.py", line 60, in get_result
raise ex[1].with_traceback(ex[2])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_callers.py", line 39, in _multicall
res = hook_impl.function(*args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1003, in pytest_cmdline_parse
self.parse(args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1283, in parse
self._preparse(args, addopts=addopts)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1175, in _preparse
self.known_args_namespace = self._parser.parse_known_args(
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 146, in parse_known_args
return self.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args, namespace=namespace)[0]
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 155, in parse_known_and_unknown_args
optparser = self._getparser()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 122, in _getparser
arggroup.add_argument(*n, **a)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1386, in add_argument
return self._add_action(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1590, in _add_action
action = super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._add_action(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1400, in _add_action
self._check_conflict(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1539, in _check_conflict
conflict_handler(action, confl_optionals)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1548, in _handle_conflict_error
raise ArgumentError(action, message % conflict_string)
argparse.ArgumentError: argument --headless: conflicting option string: --headless

########################################################################################
######### my pip list #######################################################################
########################################################################################

$ pip list
Package Version

akshare 1.0.87
alembic 1.7.4
allure-pytest 2.9.45
allure-python-commons 2.9.45
amqp 5.0.6
apin 1.1.3
apispec 3.3.2
appdirs 1.4.4
Appium-Python-Client 1.2.0
appnope 0.1.2
APScheduler 3.6.3
asgiref 3.2.7
assertpy 1.1
astor 0.8.1
astroid 2.4.0
async-generator 1.10
atomicwrites 1.3.0
attrs 21.2.0
Automat 20.2.0
Babel 2.9.1
backcall 0.2.0
backoff 1.11.1
backports.entry-points-selectable 1.1.0
baostock 0.8.8
bcrypt 3.2.0
beautifulsoup4 4.10.0
behave 1.2.6
billiard 3.6.4.0
bitstring 3.1.9
bleach 4.1.0
boto 2.49.0
boto3 1.12.16
botocore 1.15.16
Brotli 1.0.9
bs4 0.0.1
celery 5.1.2
certifi 2021.10.8
cffi 1.15.0
chardet 4.0.0
charset-normalizer 2.0.7
click 8.0.3
click-didyoumean 0.3.0
click-plugins 1.1.1
click-repl 0.2.0
colorama 0.4.4
commonmark 0.9.1
compare 0.2b0
ConfigArgParse 1.2.1
configparser 5.0.0
constantly 15.1.0
contextlib2 21.6.0
coreapi 2.3.3
coreschema 0.0.4
croniter 1.0.15
crypto 1.4.1
cryptography 35.0.0
cssselect 1.1.0
cycler 0.10.0
dash 2.0.0
dash-bootstrap-components 1.0.0
dash-colorscales 0.0.4
dash-core-components 2.0.0
dash-daq 0.5.0
dash-html-components 2.0.0
dash-table 5.0.0
ddt 1.3.1
decorator 5.1.0
defusedxml 0.7.1
demjson 2.2.4
diff-match-patch 20181111
distlib 0.3.3
Django 2.0.2
django-cors-headers 2.1.0
django-crispy-forms 1.7.2
django-filter 2.2.0
django-formtools 2.1
django-import-export 1.0.0
django-rest-swagger 2.1.2
django-reversion 2.0.13
django-suit 2.0a1
djangorestframework 3.7.7
dnspython 2.1.0
docutils 0.15.2
dtable 0.0.5
edict 0.51
elist 0.4.65
email-validator 1.1.3
et-xmlfile 1.0.1
execnet 1.9.0
Faker 8.11.0
fasteners 0.16.3
filelock 3.3.2
Flask 2.0.2
Flask-AppBuilder 3.3.4
Flask-Babel 2.0.0
Flask-Caching 1.10.1
Flask-Compress 1.10.1
Flask-JWT-Extended 3.25.1
Flask-Migrate 3.1.0
flask-ngrok 0.0.25
Flask-OpenID 1.3.0
Flask-Script 2.0.6
Flask-SQLAlchemy 2.5.1
func-timeout 4.3.5
future 0.18.2
fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0
gensim 3.8.1
geographiclib 1.52
geopy 2.2.0
get 2019.4.13
gevent 1.5a3
geventhttpclient-wheels 1.3.1.dev2
glob2 0.7
greenlet 0.4.15
h11 0.12.0
html5lib 1.1
htmlmin 0.1.12
humanize 3.12.0
hyperlink 19.0.0
idna 3.3
ImageHash 4.2.1
importlib-metadata 4.8.1
importlib-resources 5.3.0
incremental 17.5.0
iniconfig 1.1.1
install 1.3.4
int-date 0.1.8
ipdb 0.13.9
ipython 7.29.0
isodate 0.6.0
isort 4.3.21
itsdangerous 2.0.1
itypes 1.1.0
jdcal 1.4.1
jedi 0.18.0
jieba 0.42.1
Jinja2 3.0.2
jmespath 0.10.0
joblib 1.1.0
jsonpath 0.82
jsonschema 3.2.0
kaleido 0.2.1
kiwisolver 1.3.1
kombu 5.1.0
lazy-object-proxy 1.4.3
locustio 0.14.5
lxml 4.4.1
lz4 3.1.3
Mako 1.1.5
Markdown 3.2.1
MarkupSafe 2.0.1
marshmallow 3.14.0
marshmallow-enum 1.5.1
marshmallow-sqlalchemy 0.26.1
matplotlib 3.4.2
matplotlib-inline 0.1.3
mccabe 0.6.1
missingno 0.4.2
more-itertools 8.11.0
MouseInfo 0.1.3
msgpack 0.6.2
multimethod 1.6
Naked 0.1.31
networkx 2.6.3
nose 1.3.7
numpy 1.21.3
openapi-codec 1.3.2
openpyxl 3.0.7
osxmetadata 0.99.33
outcome 1.1.0
packaging 21.2
pandas 1.3.4
parameterized 0.8.1
paramiko 2.7.2
parse 1.19.0
parse-type 0.5.2
parsedatetime 2.6
parsel 1.5.2
parso 0.8.2
pathlib2 2.3.6
patsy 0.5.2
pdfminer.six 20211012
pexpect 4.8.0
phik 0.12.0
pickleshare 0.7.5
Pillow 8.4.0
pip 21.3.1
pipenv 2021.5.29
platformdirs 2.4.0
plotly 5.3.1
pluggy 1.0.0
poium 1.0.2
polyline 1.4.0
post 2019.4.13
ppscore 1.2.0
prison 0.2.1
prompt-toolkit 3.0.22
Protego 0.1.16
psutil 5.7.0
ptyprocess 0.7.0
public 2019.4.13
py 1.11.0
py-applescript 1.0.2
py-mini-racer 0.6.0
pyarrow 5.0.0
pyasn1 0.4.8
pyasn1-modules 0.2.8
PyAutoGUI 0.9.53
pycparser 2.21
pydantic 1.8.2
PyDispatcher 2.0.5
PyGetWindow 0.0.9
Pygments 2.10.0
PyHamcrest 2.0.2
PyJWT 1.7.1
pylint 2.5.0
PyMsgBox 1.0.9
PyMySQL 1.0.2
PyNaCl 1.4.0
pynput 1.7.4
pyobjc 7.3
pyobjc-core 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Accounts 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AddressBook 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AdSupport 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AppleScriptKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AppleScriptObjC 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ApplicationServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Automator 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AVFoundation 7.3
pyobjc-framework-AVKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-BusinessChat 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CalendarStore 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CFNetwork 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CloudKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Cocoa 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Collaboration 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ColorSync 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Contacts 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ContactsUI 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreAudio 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreAudioKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreBluetooth 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreData 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreLocation 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreMedia 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreMediaIO 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreMIDI 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreML 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreSpotlight 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreText 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CoreWLAN 7.3
pyobjc-framework-CryptoTokenKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-DictionaryServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-DiscRecording 7.3
pyobjc-framework-DiscRecordingUI 7.3
pyobjc-framework-DiskArbitration 7.3
pyobjc-framework-DVDPlayback 7.3
pyobjc-framework-EventKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ExceptionHandling 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ExternalAccessory 7.3
pyobjc-framework-FinderSync 7.3
pyobjc-framework-FSEvents 7.3
pyobjc-framework-GameCenter 7.3
pyobjc-framework-GameController 7.3
pyobjc-framework-GameKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-GameplayKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ImageCaptureCore 7.3
pyobjc-framework-IMServicePlugIn 7.3
pyobjc-framework-InputMethodKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-InstallerPlugins 7.3
pyobjc-framework-InstantMessage 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Intents 7.3
pyobjc-framework-IOSurface 7.3
pyobjc-framework-iTunesLibrary 7.3
pyobjc-framework-LatentSemanticMapping 7.3
pyobjc-framework-LaunchServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-libdispatch 7.3
pyobjc-framework-LocalAuthentication 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MapKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MediaAccessibility 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MediaLibrary 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MediaPlayer 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MediaToolbox 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Metal 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MetalKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MetalPerformanceShaders 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ModelIO 7.3
pyobjc-framework-MultipeerConnectivity 7.3
pyobjc-framework-NaturalLanguage 7.3
pyobjc-framework-NetFS 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Network 7.3
pyobjc-framework-NetworkExtension 7.3
pyobjc-framework-NotificationCenter 7.3
pyobjc-framework-OpenDirectory 7.3
pyobjc-framework-OSAKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Photos 7.3
pyobjc-framework-PhotosUI 7.3
pyobjc-framework-PreferencePanes 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Quartz 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SafariServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SceneKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ScreenSaver 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ScriptingBridge 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SearchKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Security 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SecurityFoundation 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SecurityInterface 7.3
pyobjc-framework-ServiceManagement 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Social 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SpriteKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-StoreKit 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SyncServices 7.3
pyobjc-framework-SystemConfiguration 7.3
pyobjc-framework-UserNotifications 7.3
pyobjc-framework-VideoSubscriberAccount 7.3
pyobjc-framework-VideoToolbox 7.3
pyobjc-framework-Vision 7.3
pyobjc-framework-WebKit 7.3
pyOpenSSL 21.0.0
pyotp 2.6.0
pyparsing 2.4.6
pyperclip 1.8.2
pypinyin 0.36.0
PyQt5 5.15.6
PyQt5-Qt5 5.15.2
PyQt5-sip 12.9.0
PyQtWebEngine 5.15.5
PyQtWebEngine-Qt5 5.15.2
PyRect 0.1.4
pyrsistent 0.18.0
PyScreeze 0.1.28
pytab 1.0.4
pytesseract 0.3.8
pytest 6.2.5
pytest-bdd 4.1.0
pytest-forked 1.3.0
pytest-html 2.0.1
pytest-metadata 1.11.0
pytest-ordering 0.6
pytest-parallel 0.1.1
pytest-rerunfailures 10.2
pytest-xdist 2.4.0
python-crontab 2.2.8
python-dateutil 2.8.0
python-docx 0.8.6
python-engineio 3.11.2
python-geohash 0.8.5
python-socketio 4.4.0
python3-openid 3.2.0
pytweening 1.0.4
pytz 2017.3
PyWavelets 1.1.1
PyYAML 6.0
pyzmq 18.1.0
qtstylish 0.1.5
query-string 2019.4.13
queuelib 1.5.0
redis 2.10.6
redis-py-cluster 2.1.0
request 2019.4.13
requests 2.26.0
requests-toolbelt 0.9.1
retry 0.9.2
rich 10.13.0
rsa 4.7.2
ruamel.yaml 0.16.12
ruamel.yaml.clib 0.2.6
rubicon-objc 0.4.1
s3transfer 0.3.3
sbvirtualdisplay 1.0.0
scikit-learn 0.24.2
scipy 1.7.1
Scrapy 2.0.0
seaborn 0.11.2
seldom 2.2.4
selenium 4.0.0
seleniumbase 2.1.5
service-identity 18.1.0
setuptools 58.5.3
setuptools-scm 6.3.2
shellescape 3.8.1
simplejson 3.17.2
six 1.16.0
sklearn 0.0
smart-open 1.9.0
sniffio 1.2.0
sortedcontainers 2.4.0
soupsieve 2.3
SQLAlchemy 1.3.13
SQLAlchemy-Utils 0.37.9
sqlparse 0.3.1
squarify 0.4.3
statsmodels 0.13.0
stockstats 0.3.2
strsimpy 0.2.1
superset 0.30.1
tablib 1.1.0
tabulate 0.8.9
tangled-up-in-unicode 0.2.0
tblib 1.7.0
tenacity 8.0.1
text-unidecode 1.3
threadpoolctl 3.0.0
tlist 0.6
toml 0.10.2
tomli 1.2.2
tornado 6.1
tqdm 4.61.0
traitlets 5.1.1
trio 0.19.0
trio-websocket 0.9.2
tushare 1.2.62
Twisted 19.10.0
typing-extensions 3.10.0.2
tzlocal 2.0.0
unittest-xml-reporting 3.0.4
uritemplate 3.0.1
urllib3 1.26.7
vine 5.0.0
virtualenv 20.10.0
virtualenv-clone 0.5.7
visions 0.7.4
w3lib 1.21.0
wcwidth 0.1.9
webencodings 0.5.1
websocket-client 0.57.0
Werkzeug 2.0.2
wheel 0.37.0
wordcloud 1.8.1
wrapt 1.12.1
wsproto 1.0.0
WTForms 2.3.3
WTForms-JSON 0.3.3
xarray 0.20.0
xattr 0.9.7
xlrd 1.2.0
XlsxWriter 1.0.5
zipp 3.6.0
zope.interface 4.7.1

pytest and operating system versions
pytest-6.2.5
seleniumbase 2.1.5
MacBook Air (Retina, 13-inch, 2019)
1.6 GHz Intel Core i5
8 GB 2133 MHz LPDDR3
Intel UHD Graphics 617 1536 MB

mdmintz · 2021-11-11T13:43:55Z

Hi @matthewxuda,
Looks like you might have another pytest plugin installed that's using the --headless option.
Are you able to identify it when running pytest -h?
There are two solutions. Either uninstall the other plugin that's creating the --headless option, or install seleniumbase into it's own virtual environment to avoid the pytest argument conflicts.

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T15:09:58Z

thank you veru much, I installed selenium base and pytest-bdd a few days ago. It can still work with pytest a few days ago, but it doesn't work today. I don't know why. It has been uninstalled and reinstalled several times, but it can't work，I just uninstall all pytest and pytest plugin, and reinstall seleniumbase, but it not only install the seleniumbase, but also install many other modules, it show me
"Successfully installed more-itertools-8.11.0 prompt-toolkit-3.0.22 py-1.11.0 pytest-forked-1.3.0 pytest-html-2.0.1 pytest-metadata-1.11.0 pytest-ordering-0.6 pytest-rerunfailures-10.2 pytest-xdist-2.4.0 rich-10.13.0 seleniumbase-2.1.6 soupsieve-2.3"

and I run pytest again, i meet the same problem like before, and i down't know which plugin will create the --headless option, if i know, i will uninstall allof them, can you help me, thanks again.

mdmintz · 2021-11-11T15:12:31Z

@matthewxuda Run pytest -h. It will list all the options. Search through that to figure out what other plugin is setting --headless. It will be somewhere in that list if you're getting argument conflicts.

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T15:12:47Z

$ pytest -h
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin/pytest", line 8, in
sys.exit(console_main())
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 185, in console_main
code = main()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 143, in main
config = _prepareconfig(args, plugins)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 318, in _prepareconfig
config = pluginmanager.hook.pytest_cmdline_parse(
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_hooks.py", line 265, in call
return self._hookexec(self.name, self.get_hookimpls(), kwargs, firstresult)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_manager.py", line 80, in _hookexec
return self._inner_hookexec(hook_name, methods, kwargs, firstresult)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_callers.py", line 55, in _multicall
gen.send(outcome)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/helpconfig.py", line 100, in pytest_cmdline_parse
config: Config = outcome.get_result()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_result.py", line 60, in get_result
raise ex[1].with_traceback(ex[2])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pluggy/_callers.py", line 39, in _multicall
res = hook_impl.function(*args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1003, in pytest_cmdline_parse
self.parse(args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1283, in parse
self._preparse(args, addopts=addopts)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/init.py", line 1175, in _preparse
self.known_args_namespace = self._parser.parse_known_args(
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 146, in parse_known_args
return self.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args, namespace=namespace)[0]
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 155, in parse_known_and_unknown_args
optparser = self._getparser()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/config/argparsing.py", line 122, in _getparser
arggroup.add_argument(*n, **a)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1386, in add_argument
return self._add_action(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1590, in _add_action
action = super(_ArgumentGroup, self)._add_action(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1400, in _add_action
self._check_conflict(action)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1539, in _check_conflict
conflict_handler(action, confl_optionals)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/argparse.py", line 1548, in _handle_conflict_error
raise ArgumentError(action, message % conflict_string)
argparse.ArgumentError: argument --headless: conflicting option string: --headless

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T15:13:40Z

when i run pytest -h, it still show the error info

mdmintz · 2021-11-11T15:16:11Z

@matthewxuda Try uninstalling seleniumbase and then running pytest -h again, to see what the other conflict is.

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T15:22:06Z

usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]

positional arguments:
file_or_dir

general:
-k EXPRESSION only run tests which match the given substring
expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
expression where all names are substring-matched against
test names and their parent classes. Example: -k
'test_method or test_other' matches all test functions
and classes whose name contains 'test_method' or
'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' matches those
that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. -k 'not
test_method and not test_other' will eliminate the
matches. Additionally keywords are matched to classes
and functions containing extra names in their
'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions which
have names assigned directly to them. The matching is
case-insensitive.
-m MARKEXPR only run tests matching given mark expression.
For example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
--markers show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
-x, --exitfirst exit instantly on first error or failed test.
--fixtures, --funcargs
show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance
(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')
--fixtures-per-test show fixtures per test
--pdb start the interactive Python debugger on errors or
KeyboardInterrupt.
--pdbcls=modulename:classname
start a custom interactive Python debugger on errors.
For example:
--pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb
--trace Immediately break when running each test.
--capture=method per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no|tee-sys.
-s shortcut for --capture=no.
--runxfail report the results of xfail tests as if they were not
marked
--lf, --last-failed rerun only the tests that failed at the last run (or all
if none failed)
--ff, --failed-first run all tests, but run the last failures first.
This may re-order tests and thus lead to repeated
fixture setup/teardown.
--nf, --new-first run tests from new files first, then the rest of the
tests sorted by file mtime
--cache-show=[CACHESHOW]
show cache contents, don't perform collection or tests.
Optional argument: glob (default: '*').
--cache-clear remove all cache contents at start of test run.
--lfnf={all,none}, --last-failed-no-failures={all,none}
which tests to run with no previously (known) failures.
--sw, --stepwise exit on test failure and continue from last failing test
next time
--sw-skip, --stepwise-skip
ignore the first failing test but stop on the next
failing test

reporting:
--durations=N show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all).
--durations-min=N Minimal duration in seconds for inclusion in slowest
list. Default 0.005
-v, --verbose increase verbosity.
--no-header disable header
--no-summary disable summary
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity.
--verbosity=VERBOSE set verbosity. Default is 0.
-r chars show extra test summary info as specified by chars:
(f)ailed, (E)rror, (s)kipped, (x)failed, (X)passed,
(p)assed, (P)assed with output, (a)ll except passed
(p/P), or (A)ll. (w)arnings are enabled by default (see
--disable-warnings), 'N' can be used to reset the list.
(default: 'fE').
--disable-warnings, --disable-pytest-warnings
disable warnings summary
-l, --showlocals show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default).
--tb=style traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).
--show-capture={no,stdout,stderr,log,all}
Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on
failed tests. Default is 'all'.
--full-trace don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).
--color=color color terminal output (yes/no/auto).
--code-highlight={yes,no}
Whether code should be highlighted (only if --color is
also enabled)
--pastebin=mode send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service.
--junit-xml=path create junit-xml style report file at given path.
--junit-prefix=str prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output
--html=path create html report file at given path.
--self-contained-html
create a self-contained html file containing all
necessary styles, scripts, and images - this means that
the report may not render or function where CSP
restrictions are in place (see
https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/Security/CSP)
--css=path append given css file content to report style file.

pytest-warnings:
-W PYTHONWARNINGS, --pythonwarnings=PYTHONWARNINGS
set which warnings to report, see -W option of python
itself.
--maxfail=num exit after first num failures or errors.
--strict-config any warnings encountered while parsing the pytest
section of the configuration file raise errors.
--strict-markers markers not registered in the markers section of the
configuration file raise errors.
--strict (deprecated) alias to --strict-markers.
-c file load configuration from file instead of trying to
locate one of the implicit configuration files.
--continue-on-collection-errors
Force test execution even if collection errors occur.
--rootdir=ROOTDIR Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path:
'root_dir', './root_dir', 'root_dir/another_dir/';
absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with
variables: '$HOME/root_dir'.

collection:
--collect-only, --co only collect tests, don't execute them.
--pyargs try to interpret all arguments as python packages.
--ignore=path ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).
--ignore-glob=path ignore path pattern during collection (multi-allowed).
--deselect=nodeid_prefix
deselect item (via node id prefix) during collection
(multi-allowed).
--confcutdir=dir only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir.
--noconftest Don't load any conftest.py files.
--keep-duplicates Keep duplicate tests.
--collect-in-virtualenv
Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory
--import-mode={prepend,append,importlib}
prepend/append to sys.path when importing test modules
and conftest files, default is to prepend.
--doctest-modules run doctests in all .py modules
--doctest-report={none,cdiff,ndiff,udiff,only_first_failure}
choose another output format for diffs on doctest
failure
--doctest-glob=pat doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt
--doctest-ignore-import-errors
ignore doctest ImportErrors
--doctest-continue-on-failure
for a given doctest, continue to run after the first
failure

test session debugging and configuration:
--basetemp=dir base temporary directory for this test run.(warning:
this directory is removed if it exists)
-V, --version display pytest version and information about
plugins.When given twice, also display information about
plugins.
-h, --help show help message and configuration info
-p name early-load given plugin module name or entry point
(multi-allowed).
To avoid loading of plugins, use the no: prefix, e.g.
no:doctest.
--trace-config trace considerations of conftest.py files.
--debug store internal tracing debug information in
'pytestdebug.log'.
-o OVERRIDE_INI, --override-ini=OVERRIDE_INI
override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g. -o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache.
--assert=MODE Control assertion debugging tools.
'plain' performs no assertion debugging.
'rewrite' (the default) rewrites assert statements in
test modules on import to provide assert expression
information.
--setup-only only setup fixtures, do not execute tests.
--setup-show show setup of fixtures while executing tests.
--setup-plan show what fixtures and tests would be executed but don't
execute anything.

logging:
--log-level=LEVEL level of messages to catch/display.
Not set by default, so it depends on the root/parent log
handler's effective level, where it is "WARNING" by
default.
--log-format=LOG_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-date-format=LOG_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-level=LOG_CLI_LEVEL
cli logging level.
--log-cli-format=LOG_CLI_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-date-format=LOG_CLI_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-file=LOG_FILE path to a file when logging will be written to.
--log-file-level=LOG_FILE_LEVEL
log file logging level.
--log-file-format=LOG_FILE_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-file-date-format=LOG_FILE_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-auto-indent=LOG_AUTO_INDENT
Auto-indent multiline messages passed to the logging
module. Accepts true|on, false|off or an integer.

re-run failing tests to eliminate flaky failures:
--only-rerun=ONLY_RERUN
If passed, only rerun errors matching the regex
provided. Pass this flag multiple times to accumulate a
list of regexes to match
--reruns=RERUNS number of times to re-run failed tests. defaults to 0.
--reruns-delay=RERUNS_DELAY
add time (seconds) delay between reruns.

distributed and subprocess testing:
-n numprocesses, --numprocesses=numprocesses
Shortcut for '--dist=load --tx=NUM*popen'. With 'auto',
attempt to detect physical CPU count. With 'logical',
detect logical CPU count. If physical CPU count cannot
be found, falls back to logical count. This will be 0
when used with --pdb.
--maxprocesses=maxprocesses
limit the maximum number of workers to process the tests
when using --numprocesses=auto
--max-worker-restart=MAXWORKERRESTART
maximum number of workers that can be restarted when
crashed (set to zero to disable this feature)
--dist=distmode set mode for distributing tests to exec environments.
each: send each test to all available environments.
load: load balance by sending any pending test to any
available environment.
loadscope: load balance by sending pending groups of
tests in the same scope to any available environment.
loadfile: load balance by sending test grouped by file
to any available environment.
(default) no: run tests inprocess, don't distribute.
--tx=xspec add a test execution environment. some examples: --tx
popen//python=python2.5 --tx socket=192.168.1.102:8888
--tx ssh=user@codespeak.net//chdir=testcache
-d load-balance tests. shortcut for '--dist=load'
--rsyncdir=DIR add directory for rsyncing to remote tx nodes.
--rsyncignore=GLOB add expression for ignores when rsyncing to remote tx
nodes.
--boxed backward compatibility alias for pytest-forked --forked
--testrunuid=TESTRUNUID
provide an identifier shared amongst all workers as the
value of the 'testrun_uid' fixture,
,if not provided, 'testrun_uid' is filled with a new
unique string on every test run.
-f, --looponfail run tests in subprocess, wait for modified files and re-
run failing test set until all pass.

Dash Integration Tests:
--webdriver={Chrome,Firefox}
Name of the selenium driver to use
--remote instruct pytest to use selenium grid
--remote-url=REMOTE_URL
set a different selenium grid remote url if other than
default
--headless set this flag to run in headless mode
--percy-assets=PERCY_ASSETS
configure how Percy will discover your app's assets
--nopercyfinalize set this flag to control percy finalize at CI level
--pause pause using pdb after opening the test app, so you can
interact with it

forked subprocess test execution:
--forked box each test run in a separate process (unix)

custom options:
--metadata=key value additional metadata.
--metadata-from-json=METADATA_FROM_JSON
additional metadata from a json string.

[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:

markers (linelist): markers for test functions
empty_parameter_set_mark (string):
default marker for empty parametersets
norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion
testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or
directories are given in the command line.
filterwarnings (linelist):
Each line specifies a pattern for
warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after
-W/--pythonwarnings.
usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project
python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module
discovery
python_classes (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery
python_functions (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test function and
method discovery
disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool):
disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause
unwanted side effects(use at your own risk)
console_output_style (string):
console output: "classic", or with additional progress
information ("progress" (percentage) | "count").
xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when
not given explicitly (default: False)
enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):
Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to
delete any previously generated pyc cache files.
junit_suite_name (string):
Test suite name for JUnit report
junit_logging (string):
Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of
no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all
junit_log_passing_tests (bool):
Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit
report:
junit_duration_report (string):
Duration time to report: one of total|call
junit_family (string):
Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2
doctest_optionflags (args):
option flags for doctests
doctest_encoding (string):
encoding used for doctest files
cache_dir (string): cache directory path.
log_level (string): default value for --log-level
log_format (string): default value for --log-format
log_date_format (string):
default value for --log-date-format
log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live
logging").
log_cli_level (string):
default value for --log-cli-level
log_cli_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-format
log_cli_date_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-date-format
log_file (string): default value for --log-file
log_file_level (string):
default value for --log-file-level
log_file_format (string):
default value for --log-file-format
log_file_date_format (string):
default value for --log-file-date-format
log_auto_indent (string):
default value for --log-auto-indent
faulthandler_timeout (string):
Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more
than TIMEOUT seconds to finish.
addopts (args): extra command line options
minversion (string): minimally required pytest version
required_plugins (args):
plugins that must be present for pytest to run
rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote
distributed testing.
rsyncignore (pathlist):
list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for
rsyncing.
looponfailroots (pathlist):
directories to check for changes

environment variables:
PYTEST_ADDOPTS extra command line options
PYTEST_PLUGINS comma-separated plugins to load during startup
PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD set to disable plugin auto-loading
PYTEST_DEBUG set to enable debug tracing of pytest's internals

to see available markers type: pytest --markers
to see available fixtures type: pytest --fixtures
(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with the '-v' option

matthewxuda · 2021-11-11T15:23:22Z