java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/devtools/HasDevTools

[ghost]

I'm getting this error with every version of serenity after 3.1.15

Issue #2664 says "project is pulling in Selenium 3, whereas Serenity (and DevTools) needs Selenium 4"
It appears it's the serenity-core library that's bringing in selenium 3 libraries.
I can workaround this issue either by adding the selenium-devtools library, or by reverting the net.serenity-bdd libraries to 3.1.15

Note: same error occurs when using net.serenity-bdd version 3.2.0

<parent>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
	<version>2.6.3</version>
</parent>

<properties>
	<maven-jar-plugin.version>3.2.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
	<java.version>11</java.version>

	<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
	<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>

	<!-- Spring WebClient -->
	<reactor-spring.version>1.0.1.RELEASE</reactor-spring.version>

	<!-- Spring Vault -->
	<spring-vault-core.version>2.3.2</spring-vault-core.version>

	<!-- Serenity -->
	<serenity-core.version>3.1.16</serenity-core.version>

	<!-- Utilities -->
	<guava.version>31.0.1-jre</guava.version>

</properties>

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
	</dependency>

	<!-- Spring WebClient -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.projectreactor</groupId>
		<artifactId>reactor-spring</artifactId>
		<version>${reactor-spring.version}</version>
	</dependency>

	<!-- Spring Vault -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.vault</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-vault-core</artifactId>
		<version>${spring-vault-core.version}</version>
	</dependency>

	<!-- Serenity -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
		<artifactId>serenity-core</artifactId>
		<version>${serenity-core.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
		<artifactId>serenity-junit</artifactId>
		<version>${serenity-core.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
		<artifactId>serenity-spring</artifactId>
		<version>${serenity-core.version}</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
		<scope>test</scope>
		<exclusions>
			<exclusion>
				<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
				<artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
			</exclusion>
		</exclusions>
	</dependency>

	<dependency>
		<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
		<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
	</dependency>

	<!-- Utilities -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
		<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
		<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
		<version>${guava.version}</version>
	</dependency>

</dependencies>

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/devtools/HasDevTools
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1017)
at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:174)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:800)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:698)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:621)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:579)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:522)
at net.thucydides.core.steps.BaseStepListener.(BaseStepListener.java:356)
at net.thucydides.core.steps.BaseStepListener.(BaseStepListener.java:352)
at net.thucydides.core.steps.Listeners$BaseStepListenerBuilder.withOutputDirectory(Listeners.java:37)
at net.thucydides.junit.listeners.JUnitStepListenerBuilder.buildBaseStepListener(JUnitStepListenerBuilder.java:90)
at net.thucydides.junit.listeners.JUnitStepListenerBuilder.newStandardJunitStepListener(JUnitStepListenerBuilder.java:110)
at net.thucydides.junit.listeners.JUnitStepListenerBuilder.build(JUnitStepListenerBuilder.java:79)
at net.serenitybdd.junit.runners.SerenityRunner.initListeners(SerenityRunner.java:376)
at net.serenitybdd.junit.runners.SerenityRunner.buildAndConfigureListeners(SerenityRunner.java:342)
at net.serenitybdd.junit.runners.SerenityRunner.getStepListener(SerenityRunner.java:323)
at net.serenitybdd.junit.runners.SerenityRunner.initializeRunNotifier(SerenityRunner.java:347)
at net.serenitybdd.junit.runners.SerenityRunner.run(SerenityRunner.java:247)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at org.junit.vintage.engine.execution.RunnerExecutor.execute(RunnerExecutor.java:42)
at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.executeAllChildren(VintageTestEngine.java:80)
at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.execute(VintageTestEngine.java:72)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:220)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:188)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:202)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:181)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider.invokeAllTests(JUnitPlatformProvider.java:150)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider.invoke(JUnitPlatformProvider.java:124)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:384)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:345)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.execute(ForkedBooter.java:126)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:418)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.devtools.HasDevTools
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:522)

[wakaleo]

Dependency conflicts, probably from SpringBoot

[ghost]

Perhaps, but what's conflicting with what? If I make this change, it works:
<serenity-core.version>3.1.15</serenity-core.version>
With the same version of spring boot

From my perspective, the conflict was introduced by version 3.1.16.
Something in the 3.1.16 libraries is looking for HasDevTools, which isn't included in the 3.1.16 package.

[wakaleo]

Yes, that version introduced support for Selenium 4 DevTools.

[ghost]

For others who encounter this, appears both org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-dependencies and net.serenity-bdd:serenity-bdd try to set the selenium.version. I got this error because spring is setting and older version, and it overrode serenity's setting.

Open the net.serenity-bdd:serenity-bdd POM for the version of serenity you are using. Copy the <selenium.version> from the properties to the properties of your POM. For serenity 3.2.0, it's <selenium.version>4.1.2</selenium.version>