driver.go

package graphdriver // import "github.com/docker/docker/daemon/graphdriver"

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"

	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
	"github.com/vbatts/tar-split/tar/storage"

	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/containerfs"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/idtools"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/plugingetter"
)

// FsMagic unsigned id of the filesystem in use.
type FsMagic uint32

const (
	// FsMagicUnsupported is a predefined constant value other than a valid filesystem id.
	FsMagicUnsupported = FsMagic(0x00000000)
)

var (
	// All registered drivers
	drivers map[string]InitFunc
)

//CreateOpts contains optional arguments for Create() and CreateReadWrite()
// methods.
type CreateOpts struct {
	MountLabel string
	StorageOpt map[string]string
}

// InitFunc initializes the storage driver.
type InitFunc func(root string, options []string, uidMaps, gidMaps []idtools.IDMap) (Driver, error)

// ProtoDriver defines the basic capabilities of a driver.
// This interface exists solely to be a minimum set of methods
// for client code which choose not to implement the entire Driver
// interface and use the NaiveDiffDriver wrapper constructor.
//
// Use of ProtoDriver directly by client code is not recommended.
type ProtoDriver interface {
	// String returns a string representation of this driver.
	String() string
	// CreateReadWrite creates a new, empty filesystem layer that is ready
	// to be used as the storage for a container. Additional options can
	// be passed in opts. parent may be "" and opts may be nil.
	CreateReadWrite(id, parent string, opts *CreateOpts) error
	// Create creates a new, empty, filesystem layer with the
	// specified id and parent and options passed in opts. Parent
	// may be "" and opts may be nil.
	Create(id, parent string, opts *CreateOpts) error
	// Remove attempts to remove the filesystem layer with this id.
	Remove(id string) error
	// Get returns the mountpoint for the layered filesystem referred
	// to by this id. You can optionally specify a mountLabel or "".
	// Returns the absolute path to the mounted layered filesystem.
	Get(id, mountLabel string) (fs containerfs.ContainerFS, err error)
	// Put releases the system resources for the specified id,
	// e.g, unmounting layered filesystem.
	Put(id string) error
	// Exists returns whether a filesystem layer with the specified
	// ID exists on this driver.
	Exists(id string) bool
	// Status returns a set of key-value pairs which give low
	// level diagnostic status about this driver.
	Status() [][2]string
	// Returns a set of key-value pairs which give low level information
	// about the image/container driver is managing.
	GetMetadata(id string) (map[string]string, error)
	// Cleanup performs necessary tasks to release resources
	// held by the driver, e.g., unmounting all layered filesystems
	// known to this driver.
	Cleanup() error
}

// DiffDriver is the interface to use to implement graph diffs
type DiffDriver interface {
	// Diff produces an archive of the changes between the specified
	// layer and its parent layer which may be "".
	Diff(id, parent string) (io.ReadCloser, error)
	// Changes produces a list of changes between the specified layer
	// and its parent layer. If parent is "", then all changes will be ADD changes.
	Changes(id, parent string) ([]archive.Change, error)
	// ApplyDiff extracts the changeset from the given diff into the
	// layer with the specified id and parent, returning the size of the
	// new layer in bytes.
	// The archive.Reader must be an uncompressed stream.
	ApplyDiff(id, parent string, diff io.Reader) (size int64, err error)
	// DiffSize calculates the changes between the specified id
	// and its parent and returns the size in bytes of the changes
	// relative to its base filesystem directory.
	DiffSize(id, parent string) (size int64, err error)
}

// Driver is the interface for layered/snapshot file system drivers.
type Driver interface {
	ProtoDriver
	DiffDriver
}

// Capabilities defines a list of capabilities a driver may implement.
// These capabilities are not required; however, they do determine how a
// graphdriver can be used.
type Capabilities struct {
	// Flags that this driver is capable of reproducing exactly equivalent
	// diffs for read-only layers. If set, clients can rely on the driver
	// for consistent tar streams, and avoid extra processing to account
	// for potential differences (eg: the layer store's use of tar-split).
	ReproducesExactDiffs bool
}

// CapabilityDriver is the interface for layered file system drivers that
// can report on their Capabilities.
type CapabilityDriver interface {
	Capabilities() Capabilities
}

// DiffGetterDriver is the interface for layered file system drivers that
// provide a specialized function for getting file contents for tar-split.
type DiffGetterDriver interface {
	Driver
	// DiffGetter returns an interface to efficiently retrieve the contents
	// of files in a layer.
	DiffGetter(id string) (FileGetCloser, error)
}

// FileGetCloser extends the storage.FileGetter interface with a Close method
// for cleaning up.
type FileGetCloser interface {
	storage.FileGetter
	// Close cleans up any resources associated with the FileGetCloser.
	Close() error
}

// Checker makes checks on specified filesystems.
type Checker interface {
	// IsMounted returns true if the provided path is mounted for the specific checker
	IsMounted(path string) bool
}

func init() {
	drivers = make(map[string]InitFunc)
}

// Register registers an InitFunc for the driver.
func Register(name string, initFunc InitFunc) error {
	if _, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
		return fmt.Errorf("Name already registered %s", name)
	}
	drivers[name] = initFunc

	return nil
}

// GetDriver initializes and returns the registered driver
func GetDriver(name string, pg plugingetter.PluginGetter, config Options) (Driver, error) {
	if initFunc, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
		return initFunc(filepath.Join(config.Root, name), config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
	}

	pluginDriver, err := lookupPlugin(name, pg, config)
	if err == nil {
		return pluginDriver, nil
	}
	logrus.WithError(err).WithField("driver", name).WithField("home-dir", config.Root).Error("Failed to GetDriver graph")
	return nil, ErrNotSupported
}

// getBuiltinDriver initializes and returns the registered driver, but does not try to load from plugins
func getBuiltinDriver(name, home string, options []string, uidMaps, gidMaps []idtools.IDMap) (Driver, error) {
	if initFunc, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
		return initFunc(filepath.Join(home, name), options, uidMaps, gidMaps)
	}
	logrus.Errorf("Failed to built-in GetDriver graph %s %s", name, home)
	return nil, ErrNotSupported
}

// Options is used to initialize a graphdriver
type Options struct {
	Root                string
	DriverOptions       []string
	UIDMaps             []idtools.IDMap
	GIDMaps             []idtools.IDMap
	ExperimentalEnabled bool
}

// New creates the driver and initializes it at the specified root.
func New(name string, pg plugingetter.PluginGetter, config Options) (Driver, error) {
	if name != "" {
		logrus.Debugf("[graphdriver] trying provided driver: %s", name) // so the logs show specified driver
		logDeprecatedWarning(name)
		return GetDriver(name, pg, config)
	}

	// Guess for prior driver
	driversMap := scanPriorDrivers(config.Root)
	list := strings.Split(priority, ",")
	logrus.Debugf("[graphdriver] priority list: %v", list)
	for _, name := range list {
		if name == "vfs" {
			// don't use vfs even if there is state present.
			continue
		}
		if _, prior := driversMap[name]; prior {
			// of the state found from prior drivers, check in order of our priority
			// which we would prefer
			driver, err := getBuiltinDriver(name, config.Root, config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
			if err != nil {
				// unlike below, we will return error here, because there is prior
				// state, and now it is no longer supported/prereq/compatible, so
				// something changed and needs attention. Otherwise the daemon's
				// images would just "disappear".
				logrus.Errorf("[graphdriver] prior storage driver %s failed: %s", name, err)
				return nil, err
			}

			// abort starting when there are other prior configured drivers
			// to ensure the user explicitly selects the driver to load
			if len(driversMap)-1 > 0 {
				var driversSlice []string
				for name := range driversMap {
					driversSlice = append(driversSlice, name)
				}

				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s contains several valid graphdrivers: %s; Please cleanup or explicitly choose storage driver (-s <DRIVER>)", config.Root, strings.Join(driversSlice, ", "))
			}

			logrus.Infof("[graphdriver] using prior storage driver: %s", name)
			logDeprecatedWarning(name)
			return driver, nil
		}
	}

	// Check for priority drivers first
	for _, name := range list {
		driver, err := getBuiltinDriver(name, config.Root, config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
		if err != nil {
			if IsDriverNotSupported(err) {
				continue
			}
			return nil, err
		}
		logDeprecatedWarning(name)
		return driver, nil
	}

	// Check all registered drivers if no priority driver is found
	for name, initFunc := range drivers {
		if isDeprecated(name) {
			// Deprecated storage-drivers are skipped in automatic selection, but
			// can be selected through configuration.
			continue
		}
		driver, err := initFunc(filepath.Join(config.Root, name), config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
		if err != nil {
			if IsDriverNotSupported(err) {
				continue
			}
			return nil, err
		}
		logDeprecatedWarning(name)
		return driver, nil
	}
	return nil, fmt.Errorf("No supported storage backend found")
}

// scanPriorDrivers returns an un-ordered scan of directories of prior storage drivers
func scanPriorDrivers(root string) map[string]bool {
	driversMap := make(map[string]bool)

	for driver := range drivers {
		p := filepath.Join(root, driver)
		if _, err := os.Stat(p); err == nil && driver != "vfs" {
			if !isEmptyDir(p) {
				driversMap[driver] = true
			}
		}
	}
	return driversMap
}

// IsInitialized checks if the driver's home-directory exists and is non-empty.
func IsInitialized(driverHome string) bool {
	_, err := os.Stat(driverHome)
	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
		return false
	}
	if err != nil {
		logrus.Warnf("graphdriver.IsInitialized: stat failed: %v", err)
	}
	return !isEmptyDir(driverHome)
}

// isEmptyDir checks if a directory is empty. It is used to check if prior
// storage-driver directories exist. If an error occurs, it also assumes the
// directory is not empty (which preserves the behavior _before_ this check
// was added)
func isEmptyDir(name string) bool {
	f, err := os.Open(name)
	if err != nil {
		return false
	}
	defer f.Close()

	if _, err = f.Readdirnames(1); err == io.EOF {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// isDeprecated checks if a storage-driver is marked "deprecated"
func isDeprecated(name string) bool {
	switch name {
	// NOTE: when deprecating a driver, update daemon.fillDriverInfo() accordingly
	case "aufs", "devicemapper", "overlay":
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// logDeprecatedWarning logs a warning if the given storage-driver is marked "deprecated"
func logDeprecatedWarning(name string) {
	if isDeprecated(name) {
		logrus.Warnf("[graphdriver] WARNING: the %s storage-driver is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release", name)
	}
}