232.md

232. Implement Queue using Stacks

难度: Easy

刷题内容

原题连接

• https://leetcode.com/problems/implement-queue-using-stacks/

内容描述

Implement the following operations of a queue using stacks.

push(x) -- Push element x to the back of queue.
pop() -- Removes the element from in front of queue.
peek() -- Get the front element.
empty() -- Return whether the queue is empty.
Example:

MyQueue queue = new MyQueue();

queue.push(1);
queue.push(2);  
queue.peek();  // returns 1
queue.pop();   // returns 1
queue.empty(); // returns false
Notes:

You must use only standard operations of a stack -- which means only push to top, peek/pop from top, size, and is empty operations are valid.
Depending on your language, stack may not be supported natively. You may simulate a stack by using a list or deque (double-ended queue), as long as you use only standard operations of a stack.
You may assume that all operations are valid (for example, no pop or peek operations will be called on an empty queue).

解题方案

思路 1 - 时间复杂度: O(1) + O(N) + O(1) + O(1) - 空间复杂度: O(N)

class Queue(object):
    def __init__(self):
        """
        initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.lst = []
        

    def push(self, x):
        """
        :type x: int
        :rtype: nothing
        """
        self.lst.append(x)
        

    def pop(self):
        """
        :rtype: nothing
        """
        del self.lst[0]

    def peek(self):
        """
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.lst[0]
        

    def empty(self):
        """
        :rtype: bool
        """
        return not self.lst

思路 2 - 时间复杂度: O(N) + O(1) + O(1) + O(1) - 空间复杂度: O(N)

用两个stack来模拟, beats 100%

class MyQueue:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        Initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.s1 = []
        self.s2 = []

    def push(self, x):
        """
        Push element x to the back of queue.
        :type x: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        while self.s1:
            self.s2.append(self.s1.pop())
        self.s1.append(x)
        while self.s2:
            self.s1.append(self.s2.pop())

    def pop(self):
        """
        Removes the element from in front of queue and returns that element.
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.s1.pop() 

    def peek(self):
        """
        Get the front element.
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.s1[-1]

    def empty(self):
        """
        Returns whether the queue is empty.
        :rtype: bool
        """
        return not self.s1

思路 3 - 时间复杂度: O(1) + O(1) + O(1) + O(1) - 空间复杂度: O(N)

用两个stack来模拟, 换一种方式，beats 100%

时间复杂度参考Solutions

class MyQueue:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        Initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.s1 = []
        self.s2 = []

    def push(self, x):
        """
        Push element x to the back of queue.
        :type x: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        self.s1.append(x)

    def pop(self):
        """
        Removes the element from in front of queue and returns that element.
        :rtype: int
        """
        self.peek()
        return self.s2.pop()

    def peek(self):
        """
        Get the front element.
        :rtype: int
        """
        if not self.s2:
            while self.s1:
                self.s2.append(self.s1.pop())
        return self.s2[-1]

    def empty(self):
        """
        Returns whether the queue is empty.
        :rtype: bool
        """
        return not self.s1 and not self.s2