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C and C++

C is a general-purpose, low level, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations. C++ is an extension of C with object-oriented features and a much larger standard library.

List of compilers

Several C and C++ compilers are available on the Linux desktop platform:

  • GCC (GNU compiler collection)

  • ICC/ICPC (Intel compiler suite)

    • 2017 Update 2

  • Clang (LLVM C/C++ compiler)

  • PGI (NVIDIA Portland Group Compiler Suite)

    • 17.1

GCC

Several versions of GCC are available. The system gcc - the one used to build Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 - is version 4.8. You can install it like so:

sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++

Later versions are available as part of the :doc:`rhdt` bundles:

  • v4.9: sudo yum install devtoolset-3-gcc devtoolset-3-gcc-c++
  • v5.3: sudo yum install devtoolset-4-gcc devtoolset-4-gcc-c++
  • v6.2: sudo yum install devtoolset-6-gcc devtoolset-6-gcc-c++

Once you have installed the packages you need to use :doc:`scl` to use the updated version of gcc like so:

* v4.9: ``scl enable devtoolset-3 bash``
* v5.3: ``scl enable devtoolset-4 bash``
* v6.2: ``scl enable devtoolset-6 bash``

Once those commands are run then running 'gcc' will run the version you requested.

See the :doc:`softwarecollections` document for more information on using :doc:`scl`.

Intel

Intel's C and C++ compiler is part of the Intel Parallel Studio XE product. This is available to you as a member of the University. At the time of writing the latest version - 2017 Update 2 - is available. To install it you can use the following command:

sudo yum install intel-parallel-studio-2017u2

This installs all of the components of the Cluster Edition of the Intel Parallel Studio. To use the Parallel Suite you must first load the environment module:

module load intel/2017u2

Once loaded all of the environment modules are set such that you should be able to run the configure script (or similar mechanism) and it should use the Intel compilers. You can also use icc, icpc and ifort directly.

See :doc:`envmodules` for more information on using the module system.

LLVM Clang

Clang is the compiler from the LLVM project. To use it first install the latest version:

sudo yum install llvm400

The LLVM package includes:

  • LLVM core libraries
  • Clang
  • compiler-rt
  • LLDB (LLVM debugger)
  • LLD (LLVM linker)

Once installed you should use the :doc:`envmodules` to use clang itself:

module load llvm/4.0.0

See :doc:`envmodules` for more information on using the module system.

NVIDIA PGI Compilers

The portland group (PGI) compilers, now owned by NVIDIA, are a series of high performance C, C++ and Fortran compilers which are heavily used within high performance computiing. To use the PGI compilers first install the latest version:

sudo yum install pgi171

Once installed you should use the :doc:`envmodules` to use the compilers:

module load pgi/17.1

You can then use pgcc (the C compiler), pgc++ (the C++ compiler) or pgfortran (the Fortran compiler) directly.

See :doc:`envmodules` for more information on using the module system.