jakarta.validation.NoProviderFoundException on application startup

[bjpe]

Describe the bug

I discovered that after an update of my application to Spring Boot 3.0.0 and Springdoc-Openapi 2, I get a jakarta.validation.NoProviderFoundException message as an information on application startup:

2022-12-02T13:52:30.220+01:00  INFO 26628 --- [           main] o.h.c.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator   : Error calling `jakarta.validation.Validation#buildDefaultValidatorFactory`

jakarta.validation.NoProviderFoundException: Unable to create a Configuration, because no Jakarta Bean Validation provider could be found. Add a provider like Hibernate Validator (RI) to your classpath.
	at jakarta.validation.Validation$GenericBootstrapImpl.configure(Validation.java:291) ~[jakarta.validation-api-3.0.2.jar:na]
	at jakarta.validation.Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory(Validation.java:103) ~[jakarta.validation-api-3.0.2.jar:na]
	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.getValidatorFactory(TypeSafeActivator.java:479) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.activate(TypeSafeActivator.java:82) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationIntegrator.integrate(BeanValidationIntegrator.java:137) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:285) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:415) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1425) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.5.Final.jar:6.1.5.Final]
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:66) ~[spring-orm-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:376) ~[spring-orm-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:352) ~[spring-orm-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1797) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1747) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:599) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:326) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:200) ~[spring-beans-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1130) ~[spring-context-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:905) ~[spring-context-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:584) ~[spring-context-6.0.2.jar:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:146) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:730) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:432) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1302) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1291) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0.jar:3.0.0]
	at com.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:10) ~[classes/:na]

To Reproduce

1. Create a vanilla application on start.spring.io with

• Spring Data JPA
• Spring Web
• Maven
• Java 17

2. Add H2 driver
3. Add springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui
4. Start the application

Please see https://github.com/bjpe/springdoc-openapi-1979 for an example project.

Expected behavior

No stacktrace is shown.

Additional context

The error no longer occurs if I add spring-boot-starter-validation as well.

[bnasslahsen]

@bjpe,

see your stacktrace.
Nothing related to springdoc-openapi...

[bjpe]

Hi @bnasslahsen , I understand that the stack trace does not lead to springdoc, but the error occurs just after I added the dependency to springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui. (and vanished if I remove the dependency). Do you have an idea what the root cause could be?

[bnasslahsen]

@bjpe,

In your stacktrace, it's hibernate 6 that logs/needs it.

[bjpe]

Hi @bnasslahsen , I had a deeped look at this and finally found the root cause:

• jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api:3.0.2 comes as a transitive dependency of org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui:2.0.0
• In Hibernate 6.1.5, org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationIntegrator#isBeanValidationApiAvailable looks for the validation API on the classpath
• If the API can be found on the classpath, then org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationIntegrator#integrate tries to find a validation provider.

Thus, when working with Spring Data JPA and Springdoc, the issue will occur as long as no validation provider is present, which also explains why adding spring-boot-starter-validation solves the problem as well.

For the record: The transitive dependency chain is:

demo
> org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui:2.0.0
> org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-api:2.0.0
> org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-starter-common:2.0.0
> io.swagger.core.v3:swagger-core-jakarta:2.2.7
> jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api:3.0.2

[bnasslahsen]

@bjpe,

Good that you understood the cause!
Just follow the hint in the stacktrace you got from the hibernate api!