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<dc:date>2020-04-07T18:49:07Z</dc:date>
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<dc:rights>The source text and artwork in this ebook are believed to be in the United States public domain; that is, they are believed to be free of copyright restrictions in the United States. They may still be copyrighted in other countries, so users located outside of the United States must check their local laws before using this ebook. The creators of, and contributors to, this ebook dedicate their contributions to the worldwide public domain via the terms in the [CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).</dc:rights>
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<dc:title id="title">Discourses</dc:title>
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<dc:subject id="subject-1">Ethics, Ancient</dc:subject>
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<dc:description id="description">Epictetus instructs his students how to live the life of a Stoic.</dc:description>
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<p>Raised a slave in Nero’s court, <a href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/epictetus">Epictetus</a> would become one of the most influential philosophers in the Stoic tradition. While exiled in Greece by an emperor who considered philosophers a threat, Epictetus founded a school of philosophy at Nicopolis. His student Arrian of Nicomedia took careful notes of his sometimes cantankerous lectures, the surviving examples of which are now known as the <i>Discourses of Epictetus</i>.</p>
<p>In these discourses, Epictetus explains how to gain peace-of-mind by only willing that which is within the domain of your will. There is no point in getting upset about things that are outside of your control; that only leads to distress. Instead, let such things be however they are, and focus your effort on the things that are in your control: your own attitudes and priorities. This way, you can never be thrown off balance, and tranquility is yours for the taking.</p>
<p>The lessons in the <i>Discourses of Epictetus</i>, along with his <i><a href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/epictetus/short-works/george-long">Enchiridion</a></i>, have continued to attract new adherents to Stoic philosophy down to the present day.</p>
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<meta property="se:production-notes">(1) I made a lot of changes to the endnotes: expanding abbreviations and abbreviated names, cross-linking, etc. (2) In the main text, Epictetus uses imaginary dialog a lot (arguing with an imaginary opponent); this can be difficult to read in Long's rendering, which just runs the sentences all together without showing who's talking. I've frequently added quotation marks to try to make this clearer. (3) I've Americanized and modernized the English. (4) The punctuation in the original is often an obstacle to understanding, and I've altered this when I thought it would help. (5) I added an editorial note to endnote #528. (6) In two cases I added empty span elements when a new paragraph followed a blockquote (that is, the blockquote did not interrupt the paragraph in the middle) so that the new paragraph would get indented properly.</meta>
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<dc:contributor id="translator">George Long</dc:contributor>
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