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Serif

Classicals

  1. Janson
  2. Adobe Jenson
  3. Caslon
  4. Garamond
  5. Baskerville
  6. Times
  7. Goudy Old Style
  8. Bembo
  9. Minion
  10. Mrs. Eaves
  11. Palatino
  12. Perpetua
  13. Plantin
  14. Sabon

Moderns

  1. Bodoni
  2. Didot
  3. Walbaum
  4. Filosofia
  5. Scotch Roman

Slab Serif

  1. Rockwell
  2. Clarendon

Sans Serif

Grotesque

  1. Akzidenz-Grotesk
  2. Helvetica
  3. Univers
  4. Franklin Gothic

Geometric

  1. Futura
  2. Eurostile
  3. Gotham
  4. DIN
  5. Neutraface
  6. Avant Garde
  7. Avenir

Humanist

  1. Gill Sans
  2. Optima
  3. Frutiger
  4. FF Meta
  5. Myriad

Others

Monospace

  1. Fira Code
  2. Iosevka
  3. JetBrains Mono

Blackletter

  1. Fraktur
  2. Old English

Decorative

  1. Calligraphic, Cursive, Handwriting
  2. Foreign Script looking
  3. Stencil
  4. Mistral
  5. American Typewriter
  6. Graffiti
  7. Grunge Fonts
  8. OCR
  9. Pixel fonts
  10. Dot Matrix fonts
  11. Digital Clock Calculator fonts
  12. 608 and 708 closed captions

Dingbat

  1. Emojis
  2. Wingdings
  3. Webdings
  4. Icon fonts

Vox-ATypI classification (depricated)

  1. Classicals (Oldstyle Serif)

    1. Humanist: imitates the formal hands found in the humanistic (renaissance) manuscripts (15th century, Venetian printers).
    2. Garalde: (Aldine) have finer proportions than the humanists, and a stronger contrast between downstroke and upstroke.
    3. Transitional: (Realist) Even more contrast between main and connecting strokes.

  2. Moderns

    1. Didone: hairline serifs.
    2. Mechanistic: Slab-Serif.
    3. Lineal: Sans-Serif
      1. Grotesque: some degree of contrast between thick and thin strokes.
      2. Neo-grotesque: less stroke contrast and a more regular design.
      3. Geometric: constructed from simple geometric shapes, circles or rectangles.
      4. Humanist: relate to the earlier, classical handwritten monumental Roman capitals and a lowercase similar in form to the Carolingian script.

  3. Calligraphics

    1. Glyphic: (Incised) incised, or incise are typefaces which evoke the engraving or chiseling of characters in stone or metal, as opposed to calligraphic handwriting.
    2. Script: typefaces which evoke the formal penmanship of cursive writing. They seem to be written with a quill and have a strong slope.
    3. Graphic: are based on hand-drawn originals which are slowly written with either a brush, pen, pencil, or other writing instrument.
    4. Blackletter: are characterized by pointed and angular forms, and are modeled on late medieval hands written with a broad-nibbed pen.
    5. Gaelic (Insular script)

  4. Non-Latin

Clones

Frutiger clone

  • Segoe UI - used in Microsoft Win 7 and many MS product logos.
  • Myriad Pro - used as Adobe CC default font and by Apple before introducing SF.

FF Meta clone

  • Trebuchet MS - Win XP
Apple Microsoft
Linotype Monotype
Helvetica Arial
Times Roman Times New Roman
Courier Courier New

Notable fonts

  • Helvetica
  • Frutiger
  • Futura
  • Times
  • Gill Sans
  • Univers
  • Optima
  • Din
  • Palatino
  • Gotham
  • Didot
  • Cooper Black
  • Roboto
  • Century Schoolbook
  • Meta
  • Myriad
  • Bookman
  • Fraktur
  • Trajan
  • Comic Sans
  1. Humanist
  • Jenson
  • Centaur
  • Trinité
  1. Garalde
  • Garamond
  • Bembo
  • Sabon
  • Minion
  • Palatino
  • Caslon
  • Janson
  1. Transitional:
  • Baskerville
  • Times
  • Joanna
  • Mrs Eaves
  • Miller
  1. Didone
  • Bodoni
  • Didot
  • Scotch Roman
  1. Mechanistic
  • Clarendon
  • Egyptienne
  • Rockwell
  1. Grotesque
  • Akzidenz Grotesk
  • Franklin Gothic
  1. Neo-grotesque
  • Helvetica
  • Univers
  • DIN
  • Interstate
  1. Geometric
  • Futura
  • Eurostile
  • Kabel
  • Gotham
  • Neutraface
  1. Humanist
  • Gill Sans
  • Optima
  • Johnston
  • Frutiger
  • Meta
  • Myriad
  1. Glyphic
  2. Script
  3. Graphic
  4. Blackletter
  5. Gaelic

Default Fonts

Microsoft

  • Times New Roman
  • Arial
  • Calibri
  • Aptos

Apple

  • Lucida Grande
  • Helvetica Neue
  • San Francisco

Windows typefaces

  1. Aptos
  2. Arial
  3. Avenir
  4. Baskerville Old Face
  5. Bembo
  6. Bodoni
  7. Book Antiqua
  8. Bookman Old Style
  9. Calibri
  10. Cambria
  11. Centaur
  12. Century, Century Gothic, Century Schoolbook
  13. Chiller
  14. Comic Sans
  15. Cooper Black
  16. Copperplate
  17. Franklin Gothic
  18. Garamond
  19. Georgia
  20. Gill Sans
  21. Goudy Old Style
  22. Grotesque
  23. Impact
  24. Lucida family - Sans Typewriter
  25. Neue Haas Grotesk
  26. Palatino Linotype
  27. Papyrus
  28. Perpetua
  29. Rockwell
  30. Sabon Next LT
  31. Seaford - Tobias Frere-Jones designed it for Microsoft
  32. Sitka - Matthew Carter
  33. Source Sans Pro
  34. Tahoma
  35. Times New Roman
  36. Trade Gothic Next
  37. Trebuchet MS
  38. Univers
  39. Verdana
  40. Walbaum

Free sans serif font families

  • Archivo
  • Clear Sans
  • Inter
  • Jost*
  • Lato
  • Open Sans
  • Cabin
  • GoSans
  • Montserrat
  • Raleway
  • Work Sans

Serif typefaces

  • Crimson Pro
  • Vollkorn
  • Literata
  • Charis SIL
  • Bona Nova

Font File Formats

  1. TrueType (.ttf): Developed by Apple and Microsoft in the late 1980s, TrueType fonts are widely used and supported by both operating systems. They contain both the font outlines and the font instructions for rendering glyphs.

  2. OpenType (.otf): A more versatile and modern font format developed by Adobe and Microsoft. OpenType fonts can contain more glyphs (characters), support more languages, include advanced typographic features, and have better cross-platform compatibility. OpenType fonts can also be either TrueType-based or PostScript-based.

  3. PostScript Type 1 (.pfb, .pfm): Developed by Adobe, PostScript fonts were widely used in the past. They contain vector outlines of characters and were commonly used for printing. However, they've largely been replaced by OpenType fonts due to their limitations.

  4. Web Open Font Format (WOFF, WOFF2): These formats are specifically optimized for web use. WOFF and WOFF2 are compressed font formats that help improve web page loading times by reducing file sizes. They are based on OpenType or TrueType fonts and are widely supported by modern web browsers.

  5. Embedded OpenType (EOT): Another font format developed by Microsoft specifically for Internet Explorer. EOT fonts were created to address some security and licensing issues for web fonts but have been largely replaced by WOFF and WOFF2 formats.

  6. SVG Fonts (.svg): Based on Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), these fonts use XML to describe glyphs, and each character is defined using vector graphics. SVG fonts are less common and have been largely superseded by other formats due to limitations in features and compatibility.

  7. Variable Fonts: Variable fonts contain multiple variations of a typeface (weight, width, slant, etc.) within a single file. They enable real-time adjustment of these attributes along a continuous spectrum, allowing for infinite possibilities of styles and weights. They offer dynamic control over attributes like weight, width, slant, and optical size, allowing smoother transitions between styles and enabling designers to fine-tune typography for various screen sizes, resolutions, and environments. They also reduce the number of HTTP requests and file downloads on the web, enhancing performance by delivering multiple font styles in a single file.

Notes

  • Amasis was designed by typeface designer Ron Carpenter for the Monotype foundry in 1990. It has five weights, from Light to Black, with a true italic companion for each. Amasis has been used as a default font for the Nook e-reader.
  • Type designer René Bieder designed Sagona in the “Clarendon” style, which was first popularized in the 19th century. He gave Sagona a warmer, more welcoming look than most Clarendon-style typefaces, which is especially noticeable in the almost bouncy upright lowercase ‘a’ and the jaunty curliless of the italic letters. Sagona has three weights, Book, Book Bold, and ExtraLight, each with its accompanying italic style.
  • Selawik was created for Microsoft by type designer Aaron Bell. It is compatible in character widths with Segoe UI, the typeface used for the user interface in Microsoft Windows. The purpose of Selawik was to provide a open-source sans serif compatible font for users on Mac, iOS, or Android, but it has become a popular typeface in its own right among Windows users.
  • Type designer Erin McLaughlin designed Tenorite for Microsoft. It has two weights, Regular and Bold, with slanted romans as complementary italic styles; it has the same weights and italic styles in its Display variation, which is designed for use a large sizes.
  • Trade Gothic was originally designed by Jackson Burke in 1948 for Linotype hot-metal typesetting. Trade Gothic Next was created in 2008 by Linotype Type Director, Akira Kobayashi, and American type designer Tom Grace, refining many details to make it successful as a computer typeface. Trade Gothic Next has four weights, Light, Regular, Bold, and Heavy, each with an oblique companion as its italic style; it also has three weights in a narrow width, Condensed, Condensed Bold, and Condensed Heavy, each with its italic complement. In addition, the family includes two unusual variations: SoftRound (Regular and Bold), with rounded ends to the strokes, and an all-capitals Inline and Inline Bold, with thin white lines inside each stroke.
  • Walbaum is an expansion of the original metal typefaces designed by Justus Erich Walbaum in Germany in the early 1800s. Monotype designers Carl Crossgrove and Charles Nix discovered their mutual enthusiasm for Walbaum’s types and took on the task of updating them, Crossgrove taking the text sizes and Nix handling the larger display range.
  • Book Antiqua by Monotype - distributed with Microsoft Windows before licensing Palatino Linotype in Windows 2000.

Gossip

  • MRS EAVES designed by Zuzana Licko in 1996 is a variant of BASKERVILLE and named after Sarah Eaves, the woman who became John Baskerville's wife. As Baskerville was setting up his printing and type business, he hired Sarah Eaves as his live-in housekeeper; eventually, her husband Richard abandoned her and their five children, and Mrs Eaves became Baskerville's mistress and eventual helpmate with typesetting and printing. She married Baskerville within a month of her estranged husband's death.
  • ERIC GILL had several extramarital affairs. His other deviant sexual behaviours include, as described in his personal diaries, the child sexual abuse of his adolescent daughters, an incestuous relationship with at least one of his sisters and also sexual experiments with a dog.
  • Univers was intrinsically superior to Helvetica. It had a much larger family at the outset, with 21 members compared to four in 1960. More importantly, its family was logically designed with consistent weights and widths, something that Helvetica never achieved until its redesign as Neue Helvetica in 1982. Univers’ characters, stripped of “unnecessary” elements such as the beard on ‘G’ or the curve on the tail of ‘y,’ were also more rationally designed. link
  • FUTURA was preferred by the Nazis after they banned the use of Fraktur typefaced because of its visual similarity to Hebrew. This killed off Fraktur from any modern use other than, for example, heavy-metal bands and tattoos.
  • Tobias Frere-Jones filed a lawsuit against his erstwhile partner, Jonathan Hoefler, claiming that he’d been cheated out of his half of Hoefler & Frere-Jones.

Reference